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Sellin M, Willrett J, Röhner D, Heizmann T, Fischer J, Seiler M, Holzmann C, Engesser TA, Radtke V, Krossing I. Utilizing the Perfluoronaphthalene Radical Cation as a Selective Deelectronator to Access a Variety of Strongly Oxidizing Reactive Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406742. [PMID: 38842522 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
A selective deelectronation reagent with very high potential of +2.00 (solution)/+2.41 V (solid-state) vs. Fc+/0 and based on a room temperature stable perfluoronaphthalene (naphthaleneF) radical cation salt was developed and applied. The solid-state deelectronation of commercial naphthaleneF with [NO]+[F{Al(ORF)3}2]- generates [naphthaleneF]+⋅[F{Al(ORF)3}2]- (ORF=OC(CF3)3) in gram scale. Thermochemical analysis unravels the solid-state deelectronation potential of the starting [NO]+-reagent to be +2.34 V vs. Fc+/0 with [F{Al(ORF)3}2]- counterion, but only +1.14 V vs. Fc+/0 with the small [SbF6]- ion. Selective reactions demonstrate the selectivity of [naphthaleneF]+⋅ for deelectronation of a multitude of organ(ometall)ic molecules and elements in solution: providing the molecular structures of the acene dications [tetracene]2+, [pentacene]2+ or spectroscopic evidence for the carbonyl complex of the ferrocene dication [Fc(CO)]2+, the [P9]+ cation from white phosphorus, the solvent-free copper(I) salt starting from copper metal and the dicationic Fe(IV)-scorpionate complex [Fe(sc)2]2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Sellin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julie Willrett
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Röhner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tim Heizmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthis Seiler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Celia Holzmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias A Engesser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Valentin Radtke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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2
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Armbruster C, Sellin M, Seiler M, Würz T, Oesten F, Schmucker M, Sterbak T, Fischer J, Radtke V, Hunger J, Krossing I. Pushing redox potentials to highly positive values using inert fluorobenzenes and weakly coordinating anions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6721. [PMID: 39112470 PMCID: PMC11306567 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
While the development of weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) received much attention, the progress on weakly coordinating and inert solvents almost stagnated. Here we study the effect of strategic F-substitution on the solvent properties of fluorobenzenes C6FxH6-x (xFB, x = 1-5). Asymmetric fluorination leads to dielectric constants as high as 22.1 for 3FB that exceeds acetone (20.7). Combined with the WCAs [Al(ORF)4]- or [(FRO)3Al-F-Al(ORF)3]- (RF = C(CF3)3), the xFB solvents push the potentials of Ag+ and NO+ ions to +1.50/+1.52 V vs. Fc+/Fc. The xFB/WCA-system has electrochemical xFB stability windows that exceed 5 V for all xFBs with positive upper limits between +1.82 V (1FB) and +2.67 V (5FB) vs. Fc+/Fc. High-level ab initio calculations with inclusion of solvation energies show that these high potentials result from weak interactions of the ions with solvent and counterion. To access the available positive xFB potential range with stable reagents, the innocent deelectronator salts [anthraceneF]+∙[WCA]- and [phenanthreneF]+∙[WCA]- with potentials of +1.47 and +1.89 V vs. Fc+/Fc are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Armbruster
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Malte Sellin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthis Seiler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Würz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Oesten
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schmucker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tabea Sterbak
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Radtke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hunger
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max-Planck-Institut for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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Dabringhaus P, Heizmann T, Krossing I. Activation of the Ga I Cation for Bond Activation: from Oxidative Additions into C-Cl and H-P Bonds to Reversible Insertion into P 4. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302212. [PMID: 37583347 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Although the discovery of the GaI complex salt [Ga(PhF)2-3 ][Al(ORF )4 ] (RF =C(CF3 )3 , PhF=C6 H5 F) invoked the preparation of a diverse library of cationic Ga(I) coordination complexes and clusters, studies on small molecule activation with low-valent GaI cations are scarce. Herein, a first experimental study on the reactivity of a monomeric Ga(I) cation activated with a pyridine-diimine pincer ligand (in [Ga(PDIdipp )][Al(ORF )4 ]) towards small-molecules is reported. First controlled oxidative additions of the GaI cation into C-Cl, H-P and P-P bonds are presented. Moreover, the [4+1]cycloaddition to butadienes was achieved. Intriguingly, the isolated, blue insertion product into the P-P bond of P4 allows for the quantitative release of the P4 molecule upon reaction with AlEt3 and butadienes. Reversible P4 insertion of main-group metals has previously been reported for Ge and Sn, respectively. The experimental study is supported by high-level computational analysis of the in-part reversible oxidative additions at the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/def2-TZVPP//PBEh-3c/def2-mSVP level of theory with COSMO-RS solvation in 1,2-difluorobenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Dabringhaus
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Tim Heizmann
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
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Lozinšek M, Pavčnik T, Bitenc J. Bis-(di-meth-oxy-ethane-1κ 2O, O')penta-kis-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexa-fluoro-propan-2-olato)-2κ 3O,3κ 2O-μ-hy-droxido-1:3κ 2O-μ 3-oxido-1:2:3κ 3O-magnesiumdialuminium. IUCRDATA 2023; 8:x230716. [PMID: 37818472 PMCID: PMC10561222 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314623007162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Partial hydrolysis of a sample of [Mg(dme)3][Al(hfip)4]2 crystals led to the formation of the title complex, [Mg(dme)2{HOAl(hfip)2OAl(hfip)3}] (dme = di-meth-oxy-ethane and hfipH = hexa-fluoro-iso-propanol) or [Mg(C4H10O2)2O(OH)Al2(C3HF6O)5]. The magnesium cation exhibits a distorted octa-hedral coordination with two bidentate di-meth-oxy-ethane mol-ecules and a dinuclear aluminate anion, coordinated to Mg2+ via oxido and hydroxido units. The anion is an oxido-bridged species, [HOAl(hfip)2(μ-O)Al(hfip)3]2-, with one Al3+ cation tetra-hedrally coordinated by an oxido (O2-) anion, a hydroxido anion, and two hfip groups, whereas the second Al3+ cation is coordinated by the oxido anion and three hfip groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matic Lozinšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Pavčnik
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jan Bitenc
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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5
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Jaroń T. The Preparation, Characterization, and Pressure-Influenced Dihydrogen Interactions of Tetramethylphosphonium Borohydride. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5334. [PMID: 37570038 PMCID: PMC10420206 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Tetramethylphosphonium borohydride was synthesized via an ion metathesis reaction in a weakly-coordinating aprotic environment. [(CH3)4P]BH4, in contrast to related [(CH3)4N]+ compounds which tend to crystallize in a tetragonal system, adopts the distorted wurtzite structure (P63mc), resembling some salts containing analogous ions of As and Sb. [(CH3)4P]BH4 decomposes thermally in several endo- and exothermic steps above ca. 240 °C. This renders it more stable than [(CH3)4N]BH4, with a lowered temperature of decomposition onset by ca. 20 °C and solely exothermic processes observed. Raman spectra measured at the 0-10 GPa range indicate that a polymorphic transition occurs within 0.53-1.86 GPa, which is further confirmed by the periodic DFT calculations. The latter suggests a phase transition around 0.8 GPa to a high-pressure phase of [(CH3)4N]BH4. The P63mc phase seems to be destabilized under high pressure by relatively closer dihydrogen interactions, including the C-H…H-C contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Jaroń
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Witte JF, Wasternack J, Wei S, Schalley CA, Paulus B. The Interplay of Weakly Coordinating Anions and the Mechanical Bond: A Systematic Study of the Explicit Influence of Counterions on the Properties of (Pseudo)rotaxanes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073077. [PMID: 37049840 PMCID: PMC10096450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their ability to stabilise highly reactive cations. It may well be argued, however, that a profound understanding of what truly defines a WCA is still lacking, and systematic studies to unravel counterion effects are scarce. In this work, we investigate a supramolecular pseudorotaxane formation reaction, subject to a selection of anions, ranging from strongly to weakly coordinating, which not only aids in fostering our knowledge about anion coordination properties, but also provides valuable theoretical insight into the nature of the mechanical bond. We employ state-of-the-art DFT-based methods and tools, combined with isothermal calorimetry and 1H NMR experiments, to compute anion-dependent Gibbs free association energies ΔGa, as well as to evaluate intermolecular interactions. We find correlations between ΔGa and the anions’ solvation energies, which are exploited to calculate physico-chemical reaction parameters in the context of coordinating anions. Furthermore, we show that the binding situation within the (pseudo)rotaxanes can be mostly understood by straight-forward electrostatic considerations. However, quantum-chemical effects such as dispersion and charge-transfer interactions become more and more relevant when WCAs are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Felix Witte
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.F.W.); (B.P.)
| | - Janos Wasternack
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shenquan Wei
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Paulus
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.F.W.); (B.P.)
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7
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Speiser B, Zitzer G. Interactions Between Two Cobalt Salen Centers Bridged by Non‐Conjugated Linkers**. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Speiser
- Universität Tübingen Institut für Organische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 D-72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Georg Zitzer
- Universität Tübingen Institut für Organische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 D-72076 Tübingen Germany
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Junge J, Engesser TA, Krahmer J, Näther C, Tuczek F. Rhodium(III) and Ruthenium(II) Complexes with a Pentadentate Tetrapodal Phosphine Ligand. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Junge
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Tobias A. Engesser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Jan Krahmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel Germany
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9
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Kotsyuda S, Wiesner A, Steinhauer S, Riedel S. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Tetraalkylammonium Salts of the Weakly Coordinating Anion [Al(OTeF
5
)
4
]
–. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Kotsyuda
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biologie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Anja Wiesner
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biologie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Simon Steinhauer
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biologie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biologie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
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10
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Malinowski PJ, Zhuravlev V, Jaroń T, Santiso-Quinones G, Krossing I. Extending the chemistry of weakly basic ligands: solvates of Ag + and Cu + stabilized by [Al{OC(CF 3) 3} 4] - anion as model examples in the screening of useful weakly interacting solvents. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2050-2056. [PMID: 33480940 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03437a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Weakly Coordinating Anions (WCAs) facilitate the formation of exotic "naked" cationic species. However, the feasibility of the respective synthesis approaches may be limited by the basicity of the solvent utilized, as the latter is one of the most important factors determining the solvation ability. In this work, we focus on a series of novel complexes of Ag(i) and Cu(i) with weakly basic ligands such as CH2Cl2, Cl3CCN and SO2 stabilized by perfluorinated alkoxyaluminate, Al[(ORF)4]-, RF = C(CF3)3. The discussion includes their synthesis protocols, crystal structures, vibrational spectra and thermal stability (TGA/DSC/EGA). We show that the Cu-SO2 adducts present exceptional stability in relation to other metal-SO2 complexes. To broaden the scope of weakly basic ligands which could prove helpful in the development of chemistry with WCAs, the screening of potential candidates based on DFT calculations is presented.
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11
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Dabringhaus P, Schorpp M, Scherer H, Krossing I. A Highly Lewis Acidic Strontium ansa-Arene Complex for Lewis Acid Catalysis and Isobutylene Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22023-22027. [PMID: 32776669 PMCID: PMC7756322 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The potential of a dicationic strontium ansa‐arene complex for Lewis acid catalysis has been explored. The key to its synthesis was a simple salt metathesis from SrI2 and 2 Ag[Al(ORF)4], giving the base‐free strontium‐perfluoroalkoxyaluminate Sr[Al(ORF)4]2 (ORF=OC(CF3)3). Addition of an ansa‐arene yielded the highly Lewis acidic, dicationic strontium ansa‐arene complex. In preliminary experiments, the complex was successfully applied as a catalyst in CO2‐reduction to CH4 and a surprisingly controlled isobutylene polymerization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Dabringhaus
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg i.Br., Germany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg i.Br., Germany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg i.Br., Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg i.Br., Germany
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12
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Dabringhaus P, Schorpp M, Scherer H, Krossing I. A Highly Lewis Acidic Strontium
ansa
‐Arene Complex for Lewis Acid Catalysis and Isobutylene Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Dabringhaus
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für anorganische und analytische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany
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13
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Malinowski PJ, Jaroń T, Domańska M, Slattery JM, Schmitt M, Krossing I. Building blocks for the chemistry of perfluorinated alkoxyaluminates [Al{OC(CF 3) 3} 4] -: simplified preparation and characterization of Li +-Cs +, Ag +, NH 4+, N 2H 5+ and N 2H 7+ salts. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7766-7773. [PMID: 32329763 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00592d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Advanced weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) significantly facilitate synthesis of various exotic chemical compounds and novel, potentially useful materials. One of such anions - [Al{OC(CF3)3}4]-, denoted [Al(ORF)4]-, appears particularly convenient, as it can be easily prepared from the commercially available alanates and HOC(CF3)3. Here we present a thorough characterization of a series of solvent-free M[Al(ORF)4] salts, M = Li-Cs, Ag, NH4, N2H5 and N2H7, and related compounds of monovalent cations, which are crucial starting materials for further work with these species. Notably, the corresponding synthetic protocols are updated by an improved method for fast, facile and easily scalable synthesis of Li[Al(ORF)4], which remains the most useful primary source of the anion. The physico-chemical properties of these salts including crystal structures, thermal stability by TG/DSC, vibrational spectra as well as solubility are discussed in a systematic fashion.
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Merz J, Steffen A, Nitsch J, Fink J, Schürger CB, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Moos M, Mims D, Lambert C, Marder TB. Synthesis, photophysical and electronic properties of tetra-donor- or acceptor-substituted ortho-perylenes displaying four reversible oxidations or reductions. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7516-7534. [PMID: 31588303 PMCID: PMC6761871 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02420d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Via regioselective Ir-catalyzed C-H borylation and subsequent reactions (i.e., via Br4-Per or (BF3K)4-Per intermediates), we have introduced strong π-donors and acceptors at the 2,5,8,11-positions of perylene leading to unusual properties. Thus, incorporation of four donor diphenylamine (DPA) or four acceptor Bmes2 (mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2) moieties yields novel compounds which can be reversibly oxidized or reduced four times, respectively, an unprecedented behavior for monomeric perylene derivatives. Spectroelectrochemical measurements show NIR absorptions up to 3000 nm for the mono-cation radical of (DPA)4-Per and a strong electronic coupling over the perylene bridge was observed indicative of fully delocalized Robin-Day Class III behavior. Both (DPA)4-Per and (Bmes2)4-Per derivatives possess unusually long intrinsic singlet lifetimes (τ 0), e.g., 94 ns for the former one. The compounds are emissive in solution, thin films, and the solid state, with apparent Stokes shifts that are exceptionally large for perylene derivatives. Transient absorption measurements on (DPA)4-Per reveal an additional excited state, with a long lifetime of 500 μs, which sensitizes singlet oxygen effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Merz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Julian Fink
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Claudia B Schürger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - David Mims
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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15
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Philippi F, Quinten A, Rauber D, Springborg M, Hempelmann R. Density Functional Theory Descriptors for Ionic Liquids and the Introduction of a Coulomb Correction. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4188-4200. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Philippi
- Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B 2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anna Quinten
- Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B 2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauber
- Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B 2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Transfercenter Sustainable Electrochemistry, Saarland University and KIST Europe, Am Markt, Zeile 3, 66125 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Michael Springborg
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B 2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Rolf Hempelmann
- Physical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B 2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Transfercenter Sustainable Electrochemistry, Saarland University and KIST Europe, Am Markt, Zeile 3, 66125 Saarbrücken, Germany
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16
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Andreiuk B, Reisch A, Bernhardt E, Klymchenko AS. Fighting Aggregation‐Caused Quenching and Leakage of Dyes in Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles: Universal Role of Counterion. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:836-846. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Andreiuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021University of Strasbourg 74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch Cedex France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021University of Strasbourg 74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch Cedex France
| | - Eduard Bernhardt
- Inorganic Chemistry Department of the University of Wuppertal Gaussstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021University of Strasbourg 74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch Cedex France
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17
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Schleep M, Hettich C, Glatz JM, Kratzert D, Beichel W, Velázquez Rojas J, Scherer H, Krossing I. Perfluorinated tert
-Butoxides of Tin(II): The Dimeric Alkoxide and Its Monomeric Ate Complex. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Schleep
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Clarissa Hettich
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Jana Maren Glatz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Witali Beichel
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications; IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering; University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Jennifer Velázquez Rojas
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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18
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Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Die Schöne (WCA) und das (kationische) Biest: Neues aus der Chemie von und mit schwach koordinierenden Anionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
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19
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Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Taming the Cationic Beast: Novel Developments in the Synthesis and Application of Weakly Coordinating Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13982-14024. [PMID: 29266644 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This Review gives a comprehensive overview of the most topical weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) and contains information on WCA design, stability, and applications. As an update to the 2004 review, developments in common classes of WCA are included. Methods for the incorporation of WCAs into a given system are discussed and advice given on how to best choose a method for the introduction of a particular WCA. A series of starting materials for a large number of WCA precursors and references are tabulated as a useful resource when looking for procedures to prepare WCAs. Furthermore, a collection of scales that allow the performance of a WCA, or its underlying Lewis acid, to be judged is collated with some advice on how to use them. The examples chosen to illustrate WCA developments are taken from a broad selection of topics where WCAs play a role. In addition a section focusing on transition metal and catalysis applications as well as supporting electrolytes is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Meier SC, Holz A, Kulenkampff J, Schmidt A, Kratzert D, Himmel D, Schmitz D, Scheidt EW, Scherer W, Bülow C, Timm M, Lindblad R, Akin ST, Zamudio-Bayer V, von Issendorff B, Duncan MA, Lau JT, Krossing I. Access to the Bis-benzene Cobalt(I) Sandwich Cation and its Derivatives: Synthons for a "Naked" Cobalt(I) Source? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9310-9314. [PMID: 29847000 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and structural characterization of the hitherto unknown parent Co(bz)2+ (bz=benzene) complex and several of its derivatives are described. Their synthesis starts either from a CoCO5+ salt, or directly from Co2 (CO)8 and a Ag+ salt. Stability and solubility of these complexes was achieved by using the weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) [Al(ORF )4 ]- and [F{Al(ORF )3 }2 ]- {RF =C(CF3 )3 } and the solvent ortho-difluorobenzene (o-DFB). The magnetic properties of Co(bz)2+ were measured and compared in the condensed and gas phases. The weakly bound Co(o-dfb)2+ salts are of particular interest for the preparation of further CoI salts, for example, the structurally characterized low-coordinate 12 valence electron Co(Pt Bu3 )2+ and Co(NHC)2+ salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Meier
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Albina Holz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Kulenkampff
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexei Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmitz
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Ernst-Wilhelm Scheidt
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Scherer
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christine Bülow
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Timm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebecka Lindblad
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Lunds Universitet, Synkrotronljusfysik, Box 118, 221000, Lund, Sweden
| | - Scott T Akin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael A Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
| | - J Tobias Lau
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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21
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Meier SC, Holz A, Kulenkampff J, Schmidt A, Kratzert D, Himmel D, Schmitz D, Scheidt EW, Scherer W, Bülow C, Timm M, Lindblad R, Akin ST, Zamudio-Bayer V, von Issendorff B, Duncan MA, Lau JT, Krossing I. Access to the Bis-benzene Cobalt(I) Sandwich Cation and its Derivatives: Synthons for a “Naked” Cobalt(I) Source? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C. Meier
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Albina Holz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Jan Kulenkampff
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Alexei Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Dominik Schmitz
- Institut für Physik; Universität Augsburg; Universitätsstrasse 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| | - Ernst-Wilhelm Scheidt
- Institut für Physik; Universität Augsburg; Universitätsstrasse 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang Scherer
- Institut für Physik; Universität Augsburg; Universitätsstrasse 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| | - Christine Bülow
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15 12489 Berlin Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin; Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik; Hardenbergstrasse 36 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Timm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15 12489 Berlin Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin; Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik; Hardenbergstrasse 36 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Rebecka Lindblad
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15 12489 Berlin Germany
- Lunds Universitet; Synkrotronljusfysik, Box 118 221000 Lund Sweden
| | - Scott T. Akin
- Department of Chemistry; University of Georgia; Athens Georgia 30602 USA
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15 12489 Berlin Germany
- Physikalisches Institut; Universität Freiburg; Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut; Universität Freiburg; Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Michael A. Duncan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Georgia; Athens Georgia 30602 USA
| | - J. Tobias Lau
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15 12489 Berlin Germany
- Physikalisches Institut; Universität Freiburg; Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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22
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Beil SB, Möhle S, Enders P, Waldvogel SR. Electrochemical instability of highly fluorinated tetraphenyl borates and syntheses of their respective biphenyls. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6128-6131. [PMID: 29808852 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02996b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Highly fluorinated tetraphenyl borate anions are of importance as weakly coordinating anions in metalorganic reactions. However, at high positive potentials their electrochemical stability in organic solvents is not sufficient. This was investigated by a comprehensive cyclic voltammetry study and can be used synthetically to generate highly fluorinated biphenyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian B Beil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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23
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Iseda K, Kokado K, Sada K. Direct Detection of the Ion Pair to Free Ions Transformation upon Complexation with an Ion Receptor in Non-Polar Solvents by using Conductometry. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:269-274. [PMID: 29610717 PMCID: PMC5878105 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we performed conductometry in various organic solvents to directly detect the transformation from tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl) ion‐pair salt to the free ions through complexation with meso‐octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole (CP), which is a well‐known receptor for chloride anions. In the presence of CP, the conductivity of TBACl increases in various non‐polar solvents, indicating that complexation with CP enhances the ionic dissociation of TBACl in such non‐polar solvents. In other words, CP recognizes chloride as an ion‐paired salt as well as a free anion in non‐polar solvents. Additionally, the TBA(CP–Cl) complex exhibited a considerably lower ion‐pairing constant (Kip) than TBACl in non‐polar solvents, resulting in enhanced conductivity. Based on these findings, we can conclude that complexation of an anion with a hydrophobic anion receptor will be useful for creating functional and stimuli‐responsive soft materials in organic solvents using coulombic forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Iseda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University Kita10 Nishi8, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kenta Kokado
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University Kita10 Nishi8, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kazuki Sada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University Kita10 Nishi8, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
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24
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Schwab MM, Himmel D, Kacprzak S, Radtke V, Kratzert D, Weis P, Wernet M, Peter A, Yassine Z, Schmitz D, Scheidt EW, Scherer W, Weber S, Feuerstein W, Breher F, Higelin A, Krossing I. Synthesis, Characterisation and Reactions of Truly Cationic Ni I -Phosphine Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 24:918-927. [PMID: 29155467 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The recently published purely metallo-organic NiI salt [Ni(cod)2 ][Al(ORF )4 ] (1, cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene, RF =C(CF3 )3 ) provides a starting point for a new synthesis strategy leading to NiI phosphine complexes, replacing cod ligands by phosphines. Clearly visible colour changes indicate reactions within minutes, while quantum chemical calculations (PBE0-D3(BJ)/def2-TZVPP) approve exergonic reaction enthalpies in all performed ligand exchange reactions. Hence, [Ni(dppp)2 ][Al(ORF )4 ] (2, dppp=1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane), [Ni(dppe)2 ][Al(ORF )4 ] (3, dppe=1,3-bis(diphenyl-phosphino)ethane), three-coordinate [Ni(PPh3 )3 ][Al(ORF )4 ] (4) and a remarkable two-coordinate NiI phosphine complex [Ni(PtBu3 )2 ][Al(ORF )4 ] (5) were characterised by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. EPR studies were performed, confirming a nickel d9 -configuration in complexes 2, 4 and 5. This result is supported by additional magnetization measurements of 4 and 5. Further investigations by cyclic voltammetry indicate relatively high oxidation potentials for these NiI compounds between 0.7 and 1.7 V versus Fc/Fc+ . Screening reactions with O2 and CO gave first insights on the reaction behaviour of the NiI phosphine complexes towards small molecules with formation of mixed phosphine-CO-NiI complexes and oxidation processes yielding new NiI and/or NiII derivatives. Moreover, 4 reacted with CH2 Cl2 at RT to give a dimeric NiII ylide complex (4 c). As CH2 Cl2 is a rather stable alkyl halide with relatively high C-Cl bond energies, 4 appears to be a suitable reagent for more general C-Cl bond activation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Mareen Schwab
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylwia Kacprzak
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Radtke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Weis
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Wernet
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zeinab Yassine
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmitz
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Ernst-Wilhelm Scheidt
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Scherer
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Weber
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), Albertstr. 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Feuerstein
- Division Molecular Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Division Molecular Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Higelin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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25
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Meier SC, Holz A, Schmidt A, Kratzert D, Himmel D, Krossing I. From an Easily Accessible Pentacarbonylcobalt(I) Salt to Piano-Stool Cations [(arene)Co(CO) 2 ] . Chemistry 2017; 23:14658-14664. [PMID: 28796933 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The facile synthesis of a pentacarbonyl cobalt(I) salt without the need for a superacid as solvent is presented. This salt, [Co(CO)5 ]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- {RF =C(CF3 )3 }, readily accessible on a multigram scale, undergoes substitution reactions with arenes yielding the hitherto unknown class of two-legged cobalt piano-stool complexes [(arene)Co(CO)2 ]+ with four different arene ligands. Such a substitution chemistry would have been impossible in superacid solution, as the arenes used would have been oxidized and/or protonated. Thus, the general approach described herein may have a wide synthetic use. Additionally, the thermochemistry of the piano-stool complexes is shown to be not easy to describe computationally and most of the established DFT methods overestimate the reaction energies. Only CCSD(T) calculations close to the basis set limit gave energies fully agreeing with the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Meier
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Albina Holz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexei Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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26
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Feyrer A, Armbruster MK, Fink K, Breher F. Metal Complexes of a Redox-Active [1]Phosphaferrocenophane: Structures, Electrochemistry and Redox-Induced Catalysis. Chemistry 2017; 23:7402-7408. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Feyrer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Division Molecular Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstr. 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Markus K. Armbruster
- Institute of Nanotechnology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Postfach 3630; 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Karin Fink
- Institute of Nanotechnology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Postfach 3630; 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Division Molecular Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstr. 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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27
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Mohapatra PK. Actinide ion extraction using room temperature ionic liquids: opportunities and challenges for nuclear fuel cycle applications. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:1730-1747. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04898f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the extraction of actinide ions from radioactive wastes have great relevance in nuclear fuel cycle activities, mainly in the back end processes focused on reprocessing and waste management.
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28
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Kaliner M, Rupp A, Krossing I, Strassner T. Tunable Aryl Alkyl Ionic Liquids with Weakly Coordinating Tetrakis((1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl)oxy)borate [B(hfip)4
] Anions. Chemistry 2016; 22:10044-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kaliner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01169 Dresden Germany
| | - Alexander Rupp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMF; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMF; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01169 Dresden Germany
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29
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Biegger F, Barth S. Monomeric aminoalcoholates of aluminium(III), gallium(III), and indium(III). MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Xu W, Yin Q, Gao Y, Yu L. Solvent and Substituent Effects on the Aggregation Behavior of Surface-Active Ionic Liquids with Aromatic Counterions and the Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in their Hexagonal Liquid Crystalline Phase. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12644-12652. [PMID: 26549825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation behavior of surface-active ionic liquids (SAILs) 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium m- and p-hydroxybenzoate (m-C12mimHB and p-C12mimHB) in water and ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) was investigated. Surface tension measurements indicate that the cmc values of SAILs in EAN are much higher than those in water, resulting from the weaker solvophobic effect of EAN, and the stronger stability of SAILs/EAN complexes proven by DFT calculations. Compared to 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium salicylate (C12mimSal), the effect of substituent position leads to weaker interactions between aromatic counterions and headgroups. The hexagonal liquid crystal (H1) phase formed by C12mimHB in water or EAN at a higher concentration was determined by polarized optical microscopy (POM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and rheology techniques. Structural parameters estimated from SAXS curves suggest that the higher SAILs concentration or temperature leads to a smaller lattice parameter (a0) and a denser arrangement of cylinders. For C12mimHB, the formation of the H1 phase in H2O is easier than that in EAN. Furthermore, compared to C12mimSal, C12mimHB exists over a broad region of the hexagonal liquid crystalline (H1) phase, which is due to the different position of the substituents on the aromatic ring of counterions. Therefore, the H1 phase of the lypotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) formed in the C12mimHB/H2O system exhibits excellent performance in uniformly dispersing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Increasing the concentration of MWCNTs results in a larger lattice parameter (a0) value, indicating the integration of MWCNTs within the cylinders of the H1 phase. The rheological measurement results demonstrate that MWCNTs/LLCs composites are highly viscoelastic, and the presence of MWCNTs obviously strengthens the apparent viscosity of the H1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Qiwen Yin
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Yan'an Gao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165, PR China
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31
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Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are defined as salts with melting points below 100 °C. They attracted much attention in the last two decades due to their unique set of properties, including high conductivities, low viscosities, negligible vapor pressure, and high electrochemical resistance. ILs are seen as tunable systems, of which (also in mixtures) up to 10(19) combinations may exist. These properties make ILs interesting candidates for a variety of fundamental to industrial applications. Our addition to this field was weakly coordinating, little interacting anions, the highly fluorinated aluminates [Al(OR(F))4](-) (R(F) = C(CF3)3, C(CH3), (CF3)2, and CH(CF3)2 and later also CH2(CF3)). We have used these anions in a broad spectrum of applications, including the stabilization of reactive cations, (polymerization) catalysis, and conducting salts for cyclic voltammetry or in electrochemical cells. Especially the [Al(Ohfip)4](-) (hfip = CH(CF3)2) anions in combination with asymmetric organic cations turned out to be very well suited for the synthesis of ILs with very low melting points, some even far below 0 °C. Also the analogous borates, [B(OR(F))4](-), were shown to yield ILs, and currently a plethora of such aluminate and borate ILs have been synthesized and thoroughly investigated. In many aspects, at least the [Al(Ohfip)4](-) ILs present almost ideally noninteracting prototype ILs with (nearly) isotropic but weak and flat Coulomb potential. Consequently, their overall interionic interactions are significantly reduced compared with other classes of ILs, resulting in an extraordinarily low degree, or (for short cation chain lengths below six) even complete absence of ion pairing. From thorough analysis of the principles governing the physical properties of this highly fluorinated IL class with minimized interactions, we were able to learn basic principles that could be extended, for example, to the prediction of the principal properties of a wide variety of typical ILs. In this Account, we give a comprehensive review of their syntheses, thermal and toxicological behavior, physical as well as dynamic properties, and use in electrochemical applications. We delineate advantages and limitations of the [M(III)(OR(F))4](-) ILs developed in our lab and give an outlook on those fields, in which there is still a lack of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. A. Rupp
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical
Chemistry, Albertstrasse
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical
Chemistry, Albertstrasse
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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32
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Petersen TO, Tausch E, Schaefer J, Scherer H, Roesky PW, Krossing I. Ethyl-Zinc(II)-Cation Equivalents: Synthesis and Hydroamination Catalysis. Chemistry 2015; 21:13696-702. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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Arndt S, Kramer MU, Fegler W, Nakajima Y, Del Rosal I, Poteau R, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Yttrium Dihydride Cation [YH2(THF)2]+n: Aggregate Formation and Reaction with (NNNN)-Type Macrocycles. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Arndt
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mathias U. Kramer
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Waldemar Fegler
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215,
LPCNO, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Romuald Poteau
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215,
LPCNO, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215,
LPCNO, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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34
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Mishra S, Daniele S. Metal-Organic Derivatives with Fluorinated Ligands as Precursors for Inorganic Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2015; 115:8379-448. [PMID: 26186083 DOI: 10.1021/cr400637c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Mishra
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), UMR 5256, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 , 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Stéphane Daniele
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), UMR 5256, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 , 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France
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35
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Moritz R, Wagner M, Schollmeyer D, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. Hydrophobic Encapsulated Phosphonium Salts-Synthesis of Weakly Coordinating Cations and their Application in Wittig Reactions. Chemistry 2015; 21:9119-25. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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36
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Roznyatovskaya N, Rupp ABA, Tübke J, Krossing I. Sieving Effects in Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors Based on Neat [Al(hfip)4]−and [NTf2]−Ionic Liquids. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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37
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Carravetta M, Concistre M, Levason W, Reid G, Zhang W. Unique Group 1 cations stabilised by homoleptic neutral phosphine coordination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9555-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03184b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A unique series of distorted octahedral Li+ and Na+ complexes with homoleptic coordination via three chelating neutral diphosphines is described, together with their crystallographic characterisation and solid state and solution multinuclear NMR properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gillian Reid
- Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Wenjian Zhang
- Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
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38
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Fohlmeister L, Vignesh KR, Winter F, Moubaraki B, Rajaraman G, Pöttgen R, Murray KS, Jones C. Neutral diiron(iii) complexes with Fe2(μ-E)2 (E = O, S, Se) core structures: reactivity of an iron(i) dimer towards chalcogens. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:1700-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03081h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Three neutral guanidinato bis(μ-chalcogenido)diiron(iii) complexes (e.g. see picture) have been prepared from reactions of an iron(i) dimer with elemental chalcogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kuduva R. Vignesh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai
- Mumbai 400076
- India
- IITB-Monash Research Academy
| | - Florian Winter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | | | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | | | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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39
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Schulz C, Eiden P, Klose P, Ermantraut A, Schmidt M, Garsuch A, Krossing I. Homoleptic borates and aluminates containing the difluorophosphato ligand – [M(O2PF2)x]y− – synthesis and characterization. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7048-57. [PMID: 25785817 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new class of WCAs…? The difluoro-phosphato ligand (O2PF2) was used for the synthesis of borates and aluminates of the [M(O2PF2)x]y−-type in order to generate weakly coordinating anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schulz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Philipp Eiden
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Petra Klose
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Andreas Ermantraut
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | | | | | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
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40
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Böhrer H, Trapp N, Himmel D, Schleep M, Krossing I. From unsuccessful H2-activation with FLPs containing B(Ohfip)3 to a systematic evaluation of the Lewis acidity of 33 Lewis acids based on fluoride, chloride, hydride and methyl ion affinities. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7489-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02822h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
From hard to soft: The ion affinities of a large set of 33 Lewis acids towards hard and soft bases were examined with a unified isodesmic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Böhrer
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Nils Trapp
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Mario Schleep
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
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41
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Hammer BAG, Moritz R, Stangenberg R, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. The polar side of polyphenylene dendrimers. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4072-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00245h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The site-specific functionalization of poly(phenylene) dendrimers can produce macromolecules with a range of different polarities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralf Moritz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | | | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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42
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Rohde M, Eiden P, Leppert V, Schmidt M, Garsuch A, Semrau G, Krossing I. Li[B(OCH2CF3)4]: Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Application as a Conducting Salt for LiSB Batteries. Chemphyschem 2014; 16:666-75. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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43
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Redox behaviour of some asymmetrically substituted viologens and an alkyl bridged bis-viologen in non-aqueous solvents: a voltammetric and spectroscopic investigation. J Solid State Electrochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-014-2629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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44
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Rupp ABA, Klose P, Scherer H, Krossing I. New Water-Stable Ionic Liquids Based on Tetrakis-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)borate. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:3729-31. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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45
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Rupp A, Roznyatovskaya N, Scherer H, Beichel W, Klose P, Sturm C, Hoffmann A, Tübke J, Koslowski T, Krossing I. Size Matters! On the Way to Ionic Liquid Systems without Ion Pairing. Chemistry 2014; 20:9794-804. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Beichel W, Panzer JMU, Hätty J, Ye X, Himmel D, Krossing I. Straightforward Synthesis of the Brønsted Acid hfipOSO 3H and its Application for the Synthesis of Protic Ionic Liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Beichel W, Panzer JMU, Hätty J, Ye X, Himmel D, Krossing I. Straightforward Synthesis of the Brønsted Acid hfipOSO3H and its Application for the Synthesis of Protic Ionic Liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6637-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Moritz R, Zardalidis G, Butt HJ, Wagner M, Müllen K, Floudas G. Ion Size Approaching the Bjerrum Length in Solvents of Low Polarity by Dendritic Encapsulation. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma402137x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Moritz
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Zardalidis
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Janisch J, Klinkhammer R, Ruff A, Schäfer J, Speiser B, Wolff C. Two-electron-transfer redox systems. Part 8. Proving the electron stoichiometry for the electrochemical two-electron oxidation of N,N′-bis(ferrocenoyl)-1,2-diaminoethane. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shkrob IA, Marin TW, Wishart JF. Ionic Liquids Based on Polynitrile Anions: Hydrophobicity, Low Proton Affinity, and High Radiolytic Resistance Combined. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:7084-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404313g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya A. Shkrob
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
Division, Argonne National Laboratory,
9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Timothy W. Marin
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
Division, Argonne National Laboratory,
9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Chemistry Department, Benedictine University, 5700 College Road, Lisle, Illinois
60532, United States
| | - James F. Wishart
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000,
United States
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