1
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Mallette AJ, Shilpa K, Rimer JD. The Current Understanding of Mechanistic Pathways in Zeolite Crystallization. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3416-3493. [PMID: 38484327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Zeolite catalysts and adsorbents have been an integral part of many commercial processes and are projected to play a significant role in emerging technologies to address the changing energy and environmental landscapes. The ability to rationally design zeolites with tailored properties relies on a fundamental understanding of crystallization pathways to strategically manipulate processes of nucleation and growth. The complexity of zeolite growth media engenders a diversity of crystallization mechanisms that can manifest at different synthesis stages. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of classical and nonclassical pathways associated with the formation of (alumino)silicate zeolites. We begin with a brief overview of zeolite history and seminal advancements, followed by a comprehensive discussion of different classes of zeolite precursors with respect to their methods of assembly and physicochemical properties. The following two sections provide detailed discussions of nucleation and growth pathways wherein we emphasize general trends and highlight specific observations for select zeolite framework types. We then close with conclusions and future outlook to summarize key hypotheses, current knowledge gaps, and potential opportunities to guide zeolite synthesis toward a more exact science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Mallette
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Kumari Shilpa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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2
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Zhao Y, Gu S, Li L, Wang M. From waste to catalyst: Growth mechanisms of ZSM-5 zeolite from coal fly ash & rice husk ash and its performance as catalyst for tetracycline degradation in fenton-like oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123509. [PMID: 38325512 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Coal fly ash (CFA), an industrial solid waste, can be utilized to synthesize Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) by incorporating an external silica source. In this study, a series of ZSM-5 zeolites were synthesized using rice husk ash (RHA) as the primary silica source and CFA as the primary aluminum source under controlled hydrothermal reaction conditions, and the growth mechanism of ZSM-5 was investigated. The process of ZSM-5 growth was featured by the transformation of hyperpoly silico-aluminate in CFA and RHA into monomers. These monomers formed crystal nuclei connected in a five-membered ring structure under the influence of Tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH). The surplus monomeric silica-aluminate grew on the nucleus surface due to the addition of the silica source within RHA (RHA-SiO2), ultimately resulting in the development of ZSM-5 zeolite. Characterization results demonstrated that RHA-SiO2 exhibited favorable physical and chemical properties during the ZSM-5 synthesis, with a crystallinity of 99.03%, a specific surface area of 321.19 m2/g, a weight loss of only 3.06% at 800 °C and a total acidity of 0.65 mmol/g. To evaluate the catalytic performance of ZSM-5, Fe/Cu-modified ZSM-5 was developed and used as the catalyst for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in Fenton-like oxidation. The results indicated that Fe/Cu-ZSM-5 exhibited excellent activity and stability as the catalyst for TC degradation and mineralization. The maximum TC degradation rate reached 99.02% in 10 min and the TOC removal could be up to 69.32% in 2 h. Characterization results indicated that the Fe/Cu ions redox cycle accelerated the generation of active species (1O2 and ˙OH) in Fenton-like systems. The ZSM-5 zeolite synthesized from solid waste demonstrated superb stability and catalytic activity, leading to the effective removal of TC. Since real wastewater generally contains various pollutants, future research efforts should focused on multi-pollutant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhao
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Siyi Gu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China.
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
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3
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Cheng Q, Li G, Yao X, Zheng L, Wang J, Emwas AH, Castaño P, Ruiz-Martínez J, Han Y. Maximizing Active Fe Species in ZSM-5 Zeolite Using Organic-Template-Free Synthesis for Efficient Selective Methane Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5888-5898. [PMID: 36786783 PMCID: PMC10021013 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The selective oxidation of CH4 in the aqueous phase to produce valuable chemicals has attracted considerable attention due to its mild reaction conditions and simple process. As the most widely studied catalyst for this reaction, Fe-ZSM-5 demonstrates high intrinsic activity and selectivity; however, Fe-ZSM-5 prepared using conventional methods has a limited number of active Fe sites, resulting in low CH4 conversion per unit mass of the catalyst. This study reports a facile organic-template-free synthesis strategy that enables the incorporation of more Fe into the zeolite framework with a higher dispersion degree compared to conventional synthesis methods. Because framework Fe incorporated in this way is more readily transformed into isolated extra-framework Fe species under thermal treatment, the overall effect is that Fe-ZSM-5 prepared using this method (Fe-HZ5-TF) has 3 times as many catalytically active sites as conventional Fe-ZSM-5. When used for the selective oxidation of CH4 with 0.5 M H2O2 at 75 °C, Fe-HZ5-TF produced a high C1 oxygenate yield of 109.4 mmol gcat-1 h-1 (a HCOOH selectivity of 91.1%), surpassing other catalysts reported to date. Spectroscopic characterization and density functional theory calculations revealed that the active sites in Fe-HZ5-TF are mononuclear Fe species in the form of [(H2O)3Fe(IV)═O]2+ bound to Al pairs in the zeolite framework. This differs from conventional Fe-ZSM-5, where binuclear Fe acts as the active site. Analysis of the catalyst and product evolution during the reaction suggests a radical-driven pathway to explain CH4 activation at the mononuclear Fe site and subsequent conversion to C1 oxygenates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingpeng Cheng
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.,KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guanna Li
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen 6708WG, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708WE, The Netherlands
| | - Xueli Yao
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 China
| | - Junhu Wang
- Center for Advanced Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023 China
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pedro Castaño
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yu Han
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.,KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Li X, Gong Y, Lu Q, Lin M, Liu J, Wu Y. Mo, Cu Bimetallic Loaded Hierarchical Pore ZSM-5 Catalysts for the Hydrothermal Aromatization of Algal Bio-Oil Model Compounds. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Li
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yuanzhe Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Qi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Min Lin
- MOE Engineering Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing100083, China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Yulong Wu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
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5
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Ren Z, He Y, Yang M, Deng H, Zhang Y, Yang H, Tang Z, Tan L, Tang Y, Wu L. The investigation into the different Co species over Silicalite-1 via modulating heat-treatment atmosphere for propane dehydrogenation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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6
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Wu Z, Yang Q, Liu Y, Zhang B, Li R, Wang W, Wang J, Domen K, Wang F, Fan F. Can Li: A Career in Catalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c06034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zili Wu
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Qihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Boyu Zhang
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Rengui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kazunari Domen
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Fengtao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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7
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Shang S, Li W, Zhou A, Zhang J, Yang H, Zhang A, Guo X. Fe-Substituted Pt/HZSM-48 for Superior Selectivity of i-C12 in n-Dodecane Hydroisomerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Ajuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Anfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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8
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Synthesis of FER Zeolite Using 4-(Aminomethyl)pyridine as Structure-directing Agent. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1404-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Wu L, Ren Z, He Y, Yang M, Yu Y, Liu Y, Tan L, Tang Y. Atomically Dispersed Co 2+ Sites Incorporated into a Silicalite-1 Zeolite Framework as a High-Performance and Coking-Resistant Catalyst for Propane Nonoxidative Dehydrogenation to Propylene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48934-48948. [PMID: 34615351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Propane nonoxidative dehydrogenation (PDH) is a promising route to produce propylene with the development of shale gas exploration technology. Co-based catalysts with low cost and low toxicity could activate C-H effectively, but they suffer from deactivation with coke formation. In this work, a catalyst formed by incorporating highly dispersed Co sites into a Silicalite-1 zeolite framework (Co-Silicalite-1) is synthesized by a hydrothermal protocol in the presence of ammonia, which exhibits superior propane dehydrogenation catalytic performance with 0.0946 mmol C3H6·s-1·gCo-1 and propylene selectivity higher than 98.5%. It also shows outstanding catalytic stability and coking resistance in a 3560 min time-on-stream. Combined characterization results demonstrate that the tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ site serves as the PDH catalytic active site, which is stabilized by Si-O units of the zeolite framework. Incorporation of Co sites into the zeolite framework could avoid the reduction of Co species to metallic Co. Moreover, the catalytic performance is improved by the enhanced propane adsorption and propylene desorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Wu
- Institute of Molecular Catalysis and In-Situ/Operando Studies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Ren
- Institute of Molecular Catalysis and In-Situ/Operando Studies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng He
- Institute of Molecular Catalysis and In-Situ/Operando Studies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Catalysis and In-Situ/Operando Studies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yunkai Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yueming Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Li Tan
- Institute of Molecular Catalysis and In-Situ/Operando Studies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- Institute of Molecular Catalysis and In-Situ/Operando Studies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
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10
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Ma D, Fu W, Liu C, Liang J, Yuan Z, Tao W, Wang Z, Yang W. Syntheses of MTT-Type Zeolites with the Presence of Both Octyltrimethylammonium Chloride and SFE-Type Zeolite Seeds. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:23598-23606. [PMID: 34549157 PMCID: PMC8444303 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Structure-directing agents (SDAs) play important roles in directing the formation of specific zeolite frameworks. Mechanisms and working hypothesis were proposed for understanding how SDAs work during the crystallization of zeolites. The lately reported cooperative structure-directing effect based on the investigation into the synthetic system containing both seed and organic species is one of them and is believed to be effective for synthesizing zeolites which are difficult to access or with novel structures. However, more examples are still needed to support the thesis. Herein, we report for the first time the syntheses of MTT-type zeolites with the simultaneous presences of octyltrimethylammonium chloride (OTMAC) and SFE zeolite seeds in the borosilicate system. SFE borosilicate zeolites serve as exotic seeds for the crystallization of MTT-type zeolites and together with OTMAC play cooperative structure-directing roles. Besides, Al,B-MTT and heteroatom (Zr, V, and Fe)-incorporated MTT-type zeolites were directly synthesized with the introduction of metal sources into the borosilicate system. Physicochemical properties of the obtained MTT zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N2 physisorption, NH3-TPD, 27Al NMR, 13C NMR, 11B NMR, UV-visible spectroscopy, and UV Raman spectroscopy. The herein-reported phenomenon provides an example to better understand the mechanism of zeolite crystallization, and the synthesized zeolites may act as promising catalytic materials in several organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duozheng Ma
- School
of Chemical Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
| | - Wenhua Fu
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
| | - Chuang Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
| | - Jun Liang
- School
of Chemical Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
| | - Zhiqing Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
| | - Weichuan Tao
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
| | - Zhendong Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
| | - Weimin Yang
- School
of Chemical Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
- State
Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical
Technology, Shanghai 201208, PR China
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11
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One-pot synthesis of highly active Fe-containing MWW zeolite catalyst: Elucidation of Fe species and its impact on catalytic performance. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Chang T, Liu S. A low-cost route to prepare Fe-doped ZSM-22 zeolite with the assistance of a precursor solution. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03396d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To decrease the synthesis cost and avoid the migration of framework Fe, an Fe-doped ZSM-22 zeolite was prepared with the assistance of a small amount of precursor solution in the absence of an additional organic template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, P. R. China
| | - Suyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China
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13
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Hess C. New advances in using Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of catalysts and catalytic reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3519-3564. [PMID: 33501926 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01059f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gaining insight into the mode of operation of heterogeneous catalysts is of great scientific and economic interest. Raman spectroscopy has proven its potential as a powerful vibrational spectroscopic technique for a fundamental and molecular-level characterization of catalysts and catalytic reactions. Raman spectra provide important insight into reaction mechanisms by revealing specific information on the catalysts' (defect) structure in the bulk and at the surface, as well as the presence of adsorbates and reaction intermediates. Modern Raman instrumentation based on single-stage spectrometers allows high throughput and versatility in design of in situ/operando cells to study working catalysts. This review highlights major advances in the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of heterogeneous catalysts made during the past decade, including the development of new methods and potential directions of research for applying Raman spectroscopy to working catalysts. The main focus will be on gas-solid catalytic reactions, but (photo)catalytic reactions in the liquid phase will be touched on if it appears appropriate. The discussion begins with the main instrumentation now available for applying vibrational Raman spectroscopy to catalysis research, including in situ/operando cells for studying gas-solid catalytic processes. The focus then moves to the different types of information available from Raman spectra in the bulk and on the surface of solid catalysts, including adsorbates and surface depositions, as well as the use of theoretical calculations to facilitate band assignments and to describe (resonance) Raman effects. This is followed by a presentation of major developments in enhancing the Raman signal of heterogeneous catalysts by use of UV resonance Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and shell-isolated nanoparticle surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS). The application of time-resolved Raman studies to structural and kinetic characterization is then discussed. Finally, recent developments in spatially resolved Raman analysis of catalysts and catalytic processes are presented, including the use of coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). The review concludes with an outlook on potential future developments and applications of Raman spectroscopy in heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hess
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
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14
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Bian K, Zhang A, Yang H, Fan B, Xu S, Guo X, Song C. Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-Substituted ZSM-5 Zeolite and Its Catalytic Performance for Alkylation of Benzene with Dilute Ethylene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Anfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Benhan Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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15
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Yi H, Feng Y, Yu Q, Tang X, Zhang Y, Zhuang R. Synthesis of divalent metal-silicalite MEL zeolites as efficient bi-functional adsorbents/catalysts for non-methane hydrocarbon in cooking oil fumes elimination. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Zhang Q, Wang Q, Wang S. Efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysis of Fe-doped SAPO-44 zeolite synthesized from bauxite and rice husk. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Niu K, Li G, Liu J, Wei Y. One step synthesis of Fe-SSZ-13 zeolite by hydrothermal method. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Abstract
SAPO-34 was prepared with a mixture of three templates containing triethylamine, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, and morpholine, which leads to unique properties for support and production cost reduction. Meanwhile, Cu/SAPO-34, Fe/SAPO-34, and Cu-Fe/SAPO-34 were prepared through the ion-exchanged method in aqueous solution and used for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The physical structure and original crystal of SAPO-34 are maintained in the catalysts. Cu-Fe/SAPO-34 catalysts exhibit high NOx conversion in a broad temperature window, even in the presence of H2O. The physicochemical properties of synthesized samples were further characterized by various methods, including XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, UV-Vis-DRS spectroscopy, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, and EPR. The best catalyst, 3Cu-1Fe/SAPO-34 exhibited high NOx conversion (> 90%) in a wide temperature window of 250–600 °C, even in the presence of H2O. In comparison with mono-metallic samples, the 3Cu-1Fe/SAPO-34 catalyst had more isolated Cu2+ ions and additional oligomeric Fe3+ active sites, which mainly contributed to the higher capacity of NH3 and NOx adsorption by the enhancement of the number of acid sites as well as its greater reducibility. Therefore, this synergistic effect between iron and copper in the 3Cu-1Fe/SAPO-34 catalyst prompted higher catalytic performance in more extensive temperature as well as hydrothermal stability after iron incorporation.
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19
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Liu S, Zhang H, Chen H, Chen Z, Zhang L, Ren J, Wen X, Yang Y, Li YW. Fabrication of a core–shell MFI@TON material and its enhanced catalytic performance for toluene alkylation. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02133g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Core–shell MFI@TON composites were designed and synthesized as a highly shape-selective catalyst for toluene alkylation by passivating the nonselective acid sites and tuning the diffusion behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Huaike Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Huimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Yong-Wang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
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20
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Saikia S, Puri K, Borah R. Supported dual-acidic 1,3-disulfoimidazolium chlorozincate@HZSM-5 as a promising heterogeneous catalyst for synthesis of indole derivatives. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Saikia
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Napaam Tezpur 784028 India
| | - Krishna Puri
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Napaam Tezpur 784028 India
| | - Ruli Borah
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Napaam Tezpur 784028 India
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21
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Lv Y, Wang X, Gao D, Ma X, Li S, Wang Y, Song G, Duan A, Chen G. Hierarchically Porous ZSM-5/SBA-15 Zeolite: Tuning Pore Structure and Acidity for Enhanced Hydro-Upgrading of FCC Gasoline. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yipin Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Xilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Daowei Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Xinlong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Shuna Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Guolong Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Guozhu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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22
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Kovacic M, Kopcic N, Kusic H, Bozic AL. Solar driven degradation of 17β-estradiol using composite photocatalytic materials and artificial irradiation source: Influence of process and water matrix parameters. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Suganuma S, Hisazumi T, Taruya K, Tsuji E, Katada N. Keggin-type molybdovanadophosphoric acids loaded on ZSM-5 zeolite as a bifunctional catalyst for oxidehydration of glycerol. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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25
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Motuzas J, Drobek M, Martens DL, Vallicari C, Julbe A, Diniz da Costa JC. Environmental mineralization of caffeine micro-pollutant by Fe-MFI zeolites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3628-3635. [PMID: 29164463 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally emerging micro-pollutant, caffeine, was mineralized (i.e., full degradation) by the isomorphic incorporation of Fe into silicalite-1 (mordenite framework inverted (MFI) structure zeolite) through a microwave synthesis method. The Fe incorporation conferred mesopore formation that facilitated caffeine access and transport to the MFI zeolite structure. Increasing the Fe content favored the formation of Fe(O)4 sites within the MFI structure. The catalytic activity for the degradation of caffeine increased as a function of Fe(O)4 sites via a Fenton-like heterogeneous reaction, otherwise not attainable using Fe-free pure MFI zeolites. Caffeine degradation reached 96% (TOC based) for zeolites containing 2.33% of Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Motuzas
- FIM2Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia.
| | - Martin Drobek
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635-CNRS-ENSCM-UM, Université de Montpellier, cc 047, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier-Cedex 5, France
| | - Dana L Martens
- FIM2Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Cyril Vallicari
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635-CNRS-ENSCM-UM, Université de Montpellier, cc 047, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier-Cedex 5, France
| | - Anne Julbe
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635-CNRS-ENSCM-UM, Université de Montpellier, cc 047, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier-Cedex 5, France
| | - João C Diniz da Costa
- FIM2Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
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26
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Saikia S, Gogoi P, Borah R. 1,3-Disulfoimidazolium chloronickellate immobilized HZSM-5 framework as visible-light-induced heterogeneous photocatalyst for advanced oxidation process. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid photocatalysts of [Dsim]2[NiCl4]/HZSM-5 were prepared by wet impregnation and their application is demonstrated as feasible heterogeneous photocatalysts for oxidative degradation of methylene blue under sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Saikia
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Napaam-784028, Sonitpur
- India
| | - Pinky Gogoi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Napaam-784028, Sonitpur
- India
| | - Ruli Borah
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Napaam-784028, Sonitpur
- India
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27
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Ju X, Tian F, Wang Y, Fan F, Feng Z, Li C. A novel synthetic strategy of Fe-ZSM-35 with pure framework Fe species and its formation mechanism. Inorg Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qi00432c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel two-step crystallization process of Fe-ZSM-35 zeolite was designed, and analyzed by UV resonance Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Fuping Tian
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Fengtao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Zhaochi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
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28
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Luo Y, Wang Z, Sun J, Wang Y, Jin S, Zhang B, Sun H, Yang W. A Facile and Green Method for the Synthesis of SFE Borosilicate Zeolite and Its Heteroatom-Substituted Analogues with Promising Catalytic Performances. Chemistry 2017; 24:306-311. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis; Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology; 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai 201208 P.R. China
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Stockholm University; SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Zhendong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis; Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology; 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai 201208 P.R. China
| | - Junliang Sun
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Stockholm University; SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; No.5 Yiheyuan Road Beijing 100871 P.R. China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis; Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology; 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai 201208 P.R. China
| | - Shaoqing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis; Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology; 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai 201208 P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis; Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology; 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai 201208 P.R. China
| | - Hongmin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis; Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology; 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai 201208 P.R. China
| | - Weimin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis; Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology; 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai 201208 P.R. China
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29
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Zhao H, Li H, Li X, Liu M, Li Y. The promotion effect of Fe to Cu-SAPO-34 for selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH 3. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Meng L, Zhu X, Hensen EJM. Stable Fe/ZSM-5 Nanosheet Zeolite Catalysts for the Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol. ACS Catal 2017; 7:2709-2719. [PMID: 28413693 PMCID: PMC5389689 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fe/ZSM-5 nanosheet zeolites of varying thickness were synthesized with di- and tetraquaternary ammonium structure directing agents and extensively characterized for their textural, structural, and catalytic properties. Introduction of Fe3+ ions in the framework of nanosheet zeolites was slightly less effective than in bulk ZSM-5 zeolite. Steaming was necessary to activate all catalysts for N2O decomposition and benzene oxidation. The higher the Fe content, the higher the degree of Fe aggregation was after catalyst activation. The degree of Fe aggregation was lower when the crystal domain size of the zeolite or the Fe content was decreased. These two parameters had a substantial influence on the catalytic performance. Decreasing the number of Fe sites along the b-direction strongly suppressed secondary reactions of phenol and, accordingly, catalyst deactivation. This together with the absence of diffusional limitations in nanosheet zeolites explains the much higher phenol productivity obtainable with nanostructured Fe/ZSM-5. Steamed Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite nanosheet synthesized using C22-6-3·Br2 (domain size in b-direction ∼3 nm) and containing 0.24 wt % Fe exhibited the highest catalytic performance. During the first 24 h on stream, this catalyst produced 185 mmolphenol g-1. Calcination to remove the coke deposits completely restored the initial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqian Meng
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry,
Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry,
Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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31
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Zhu X, Goesten MG, Koekkoek AJJ, Mezari B, Kosinov N, Filonenko G, Friedrich H, Rohling R, Szyja BM, Gascon J, Kapteijn F, Hensen EJM. Establishing hierarchy: the chain of events leading to the formation of silicalite-1 nanosheets. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6506-6513. [PMID: 28616128 PMCID: PMC5458680 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01295g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In applying a multi-scale spectroscopic and computational approach, we demonstrate that the synthesis of stacked zeolite silicalite-1 nanosheets, in the presence of a long-tail diquaternary ammonium salt surfactant, proceeds through a pre-organised phase in the condensed state. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering, coupled to paracrystalline theory, and backed by electron microscopy, shows that this phase establishes its meso-scale order within the first five hours of hydrothermal synthesis. Quasi in situ vibrational and solid-state NMR spectroscopy reveal that this meso-shaped architecture already contains some elementary zeolitic features. The key to this coupled organisation at both micro- and meso-scale, is a structure-directing agent that is ambifunctional in shaping silica at the meso-scale whilst involved in molecular recognition at the micro-scale. The latter feature is particularly important and requires the structure-directing agent to reside within the silica matrix already at early stages of the synthesis. From here, molecular recognition directs stabilization of precursor species and their specific embedding into a lattice, as shown by force-field molecular dynamics calculations. These calculations, in line with experiment, further show how it is possible to subtly tune both the zeolite topology and aspect ratio of the condensating crystals, by modifying the headgroup of the structure-directing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Zhu
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Maarten G Goesten
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Arjan J J Koekkoek
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Brahim Mezari
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Nikolay Kosinov
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Georgy Filonenko
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Heiner Friedrich
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and TU/e Center of Multiscale Electron Microscopy , Netherlands
| | - Roderigh Rohling
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Bartłomiej M Szyja
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
| | - Jorge Gascon
- Delft University of Technology , Chemical Engineering , Netherlands
| | - Freek Kapteijn
- Delft University of Technology , Chemical Engineering , Netherlands
| | - Emiel J M Hensen
- Eindhoven University of Technology , Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry , Schuit Institute of Catalysis , Inorganic Materials Chemistry , Netherlands .
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32
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Zhang H, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wang P, Shi Z, Mao J, Zhang Y, Tang Y. Tailoring Zeolite ZSM-5 Crystal Morphology/Porosity through Flexible Utilization of Silicalite-1 Seeds as Templates: Unusual Crystallization Pathways in a Heterogeneous System. Chemistry 2016; 22:7141-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Peicheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Zhangping Shi
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Jianjiang Mao
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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33
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The state of iron sites in the calcined FeAlPO4-5 and its tuning to the property of microporous AlPO4-5 molecular sieve. Catal Today 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Grand J, Awala H, Mintova S. Mechanism of zeolites crystal growth: new findings and open questions. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce02286j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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35
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Zhou H, Zhu W, Shi L, Liu H, Liu S, Xu S, Ni Y, Liu Y, Li L, Liu Z. Promotion effect of Fe in mordenite zeolite on carbonylation of dimethyl ether to methyl acetate. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy01580k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fe-modified mordenite samples were synthesized and employed in dimethyl ether carbonylation reaction, resulting in an evident improvement of the stability.
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36
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Tepluchin M, Pham DK, Casapu M, Mädler L, Kureti S, Grunwaldt JD. Influence of single- and double-flame spray pyrolysis on the structure of MnOx/γ-Al2O3 and FeOx/γ-Al2O3 catalysts and their behaviour in CO removal under lean exhaust gas conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00727a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese and iron oxides on alumina prepared by two-nozzle flame synthesis show improved CO-oxidation activity due to minimized composite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tepluchin
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - David K. Pham
- Department of Production Engineering
- Foundation Institute of Material Science (IWT)
- University of Bremen
- D-28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Maria Casapu
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Department of Production Engineering
- Foundation Institute of Material Science (IWT)
- University of Bremen
- D-28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Sven Kureti
- Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering (IEC)
- Technical University of Freiberg
- Germany
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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37
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38
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From natural aluminosilicate minerals to hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites: A nanoscale depolymerization–reorganization approach. J Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Li Y, Yu J. New stories of zeolite structures: their descriptions, determinations, predictions, and evaluations. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7268-316. [PMID: 24844459 DOI: 10.1021/cr500010r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
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40
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WANG J, XIA H, JU X, FAN F, FENG Z, LI C. Catalytic performance of different types of iron zeolites in N2O decomposition. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(12)60555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Wang J, Li G, Ju X, Xia H, Fan F, Wang J, Feng Z, Li C. Identification of Fe2(μ-O) and Fe2(μ-O)2 sites in Fe/ZSM-35 by in situ resonance Raman spectroscopy. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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42
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Li P, Xiong G, Liu L, Wang L. Investigation on the effect of zeolite precursor on the formation process of MCM-41 containing zeolite Y building units. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 107:218-226. [PMID: 23434547 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The formation process of MCM-41 containing zeolite Y building units has been investigated by UV Raman spectroscopy, (29)Si and (27)Al MAS NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). It is found that the precursor containing zeolite Y secondary building units promotes the formation of a metastable mesopore structure just after mixing the zeolite precursors with CTAB. In contrast, the low-polymerized aluminosilicates and well-crystallized zeolite crystals cannot be assembled with CTAB at this stage. The result supports that the zeolite secondary building units should promote to the formation of the mesopore wall. This has been ascribed to its high anionic charge density as well as the appropriate multidentate coordination. Lowering down the pH value to 9.3 facilitates the further polymerization of the aluminosilicate species to build up a stable mesoporous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
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Guo Q, Sun K, Feng Z, Li G, Guo M, Fan F, Li C. A Thorough Investigation of the Active Titanium Species in TS-1 Zeolite by In Situ UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2012; 18:13854-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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GUO Q, FAN F, GUO M, FENG Z, LI C. UV Raman Spectroscopic Studies on the Synthesis Mechanism of FeAlPO4-5. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(10)60281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Hierarchical zeolites prepared by organosilane templating: A study of the synthesis mechanism and catalytic activity. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Depla A, Verheyen E, Veyfeyken A, Gobechiya E, Hartmann T, Schaefer R, Martens JA, Kirschhock CEA. Zeolites X and A crystallization compared by simultaneous UV/VIS-Raman and X-ray diffraction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:13730-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20157c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Koekkoek AJJ, Degirmenci V, Hensen EJM. Dry gel conversion of organosilane templated mesoporous silica: from amorphous to crystalline catalysts for benzene oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm10779h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bonino F, Damin A, Piovano A, Lamberti C, Bordiga S, Zecchina A. Direct Evidence of Highly Dispersed Iron in Fe-silicalite: A Raman Spectroscopic Study. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Aerts A, Kirschhock CEA, Martens JA. Methods for in situ spectroscopic probing of the synthesis of a zeolite. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:4626-42. [PMID: 20949188 DOI: 10.1039/b919704b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the crystallization mechanism of zeolites remains an increasingly important challenge in chemistry. During the last decade, in situ spectroscopic methods have provided an unprecedented level of detail of the underlying molecular mechanisms and their kinetics. Magnetic resonance, vibrational and X-ray absorption techniques have emerged as principal tools for the in situ observation of crystallization. In this tutorial review, we discuss how these in situ methods have contributed to our understanding of the complex and diverse molecular processes that govern zeolite crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Aerts
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, K.U. Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
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