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Kühn S, Köstler B, True C, Albers L, Wagner M, Müller T, Marschner C. Selective synthesis of germasila-adamantanes through germanium-silicon shift processes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8956-8961. [PMID: 37621423 PMCID: PMC10445437 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03301e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The regioselective synthesis of germasila-adamantanes with the germanium atoms in the bridgehead positions is described starting from cyclic precursors by a cationic sila-Wagner-Meerwein (SWM) rearrangement reaction. The SWM rearrangement allows also a deliberate shift of germanium atoms from the periphery and within the cage structures into the bridgehead positions. This opens the possibility for a synthesis of germasila-adamantanes of defined germanium content and controlled regiochemistry. In the same way that sila-adamantane can be regarded as a molecular building block of elemental silicon, the germasila-adamantane molecules represent cutouts of silicon/germanium alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Kühn
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
- Institut für Chemie, Carl Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 26129 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Benedikt Köstler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Celine True
- Institut für Chemie, Carl Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 26129 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Lena Albers
- Institut für Chemie, Carl Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 26129 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Carl Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 26129 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Christoph Marschner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
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2
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Rienmüller J, Schmidt A, Yutronkie NJ, Clérac R, Werncke CG, Weigend F, Dehnen S. Reactive Solubilization of Heterometallic Clusters by Treatment of (TrBi 3 ) 2- Anions (Tr=Ga, In, Tl) with [Mn{N(SiMe 3 ) 2 } 2 ]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210683. [PMID: 36008351 PMCID: PMC9825972 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lowering the charge of Zintl anions by (element-)organic substituents allows their use as sources of (semi)metal nanostructures in common organic solvents, as realized for group 15 anions or Ge9 4- and Sn9 4- . We developed a new strategy for other anions, using low-coordinate 3d metal complexes as electrophiles. [K(crypt-222)]+ salts of (TrBi3 )2- anions dissolved in situ in Et2 O and/or THF when reacted with [Mn(hmds)2 ]. Work-up afforded soluble [K(crypt-222)]+ salts of [{(hmds)2 Mn}2 (TlBi3 )]2- (in 1), [{(hmds)2 Mn}2 (Bi2 )]2- (in 2), and [{(hmds)Mn}4 (Bi2 )2 ]2- (in 3) (crypt-222=4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane; Tr=Ga, In, Tl; hmds=N(SiMe3 )2 ), representing rare cases of Zintl clusters with open-shell metal atoms. 1 comprises the first coordination compound of the (TlBi3 )2- anion, 2 features a diamond-shaped {Pn2 M2 } unit, and 3 is a mixed-valent MnI /MnII compound. The uncommon electronic structures in 1-3 and magnetic coupling were studied by comprehensive DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rienmüller
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Str. 453043MarburgGermany
| | - Andreas Schmidt
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Str. 453043MarburgGermany
| | - Nathan J. Yutronkie
- Univ. BordeauxCNRSCentre de Recherche Paul PascalCRPPUMR 503133600PessacFrance
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. BordeauxCNRSCentre de Recherche Paul PascalCRPPUMR 503133600PessacFrance
| | - C. Gunnar Werncke
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Str. 453043MarburgGermany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Str. 453043MarburgGermany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Str. 453043MarburgGermany
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3
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Rienmüller J, Schmidt A, Yutronkie NJ, Clérac R, Werncke CG, Weigend F, Dehnen S. Reactive Solubilization of Heterometallic Clusters by Treatment of (TrBi3)2– Anions (Tr = Ga, In, Tl) with [Mn{N(SiMe3)2}2]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rienmüller
- Philipps-Universität Marburg ZMB: Philipps-Universitat Marburg Fachbereich Chemie GERMANY
| | - Andreas Schmidt
- Philipps-Universität Marburg ZMB: Philipps-Universitat Marburg Fachbereich Chemie GERMANY
| | | | | | - C. Gunnar Werncke
- Philipps-Universität Marburg ZMB: Philipps-Universitat Marburg Fachbereich Chemie GERMANY
| | - Florian Weigend
- Philipps-Universität Marburg ZMB: Philipps-Universitat Marburg Fachbereich Chemie GERMANY
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Philipps-Universität Marburg: Philipps-Universitat Marburg Fachbereich Chemie Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg GERMANY
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4
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Poitiers NE, Huch V, Morgenstern B, Zimmer M, Scheschkewitz D. Siliconoid Expansion by a Single Germanium Atom through Isolated Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205399. [PMID: 35502469 PMCID: PMC9401078 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The growth of (semi-)metal clusters is pivotal for nucleation processes in gaseous and condensed phases. We now report the isolation of intermediates during the expansion of a stable unsaturated silicon cluster (siliconoid) by a single germanium atom through a sequence of substitution, rearrangement and reduction. The reaction of ligato-lithiated hexasilabenzpolarene LiSi6 Tip5 (1Li⋅(thf)2 , Tip=2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) with GeCl2 ⋅NHC (NHC=1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) initially yields the product with exohedral germanium(II) functionality, which then inserts into an Si-Si bond of the Si6 scaffold. The concomitant transfer of the chloro functionality from germanium to an adjacent silicon preserves the electron-precise nature of the formed endohedral germylene. Full incorporation of the germanium heteroatom to the Si6 Ge cluster core is finally achieved either by reduction under loss of the coordinating NHC or directly by reaction of 1Li⋅(thf)2 with GeCl2 ⋅1,4-dioxane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine E. Poitiers
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
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5
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Poitiers NE, Huch V, Morgenstern B, Zimmer M, Scheschkewitz D. Gerüsterweiterung eines Silicoids um ein einzelnes Germaniumatom über isolierte Zwischenprodukte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine E. Poitiers
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
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6
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Lips F, Helmer J, Droste J, Hansen MR, Hepp A. Unsaturated Amido-Substituted Six-Vertex Mixed Silicon Germanium Clusters. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10535-10542. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01746f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of mixed silicon and germanium clusters SixGe6-x{N(SiMe3)Dipp}4 1-3 (x = 3.7, 3.1, 2.1) with amido-substituents and two unsubstituted germanium atoms was achieved in co-reductions using the tribromosilane {N(SiMe3)Dipp}SiBr3...
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7
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Pan F, Guggolz L, Weigend F, Dehnen S. Atom Exchange Versus Reconstruction: (Ge x As 4-x ) x- (x=2, 3) as Building Blocks for the Supertetrahedral Zintl Cluster [Au 6 (Ge 3 As)(Ge 2 As 2 ) 3 ] 3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16638-16643. [PMID: 32648322 PMCID: PMC7540319 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Zintl anion (Ge2 As2 )2- represents an isostructural and isoelectronic binary counterpart of yellow arsenic, yet without being studied with the same intensity so far. Upon introducing [(PPh3 )AuMe] into the 1,2-diaminoethane (en) solution of (Ge2 As2 )2- , the heterometallic cluster anion [Au6 (Ge3 As)(Ge2 As2 )3 ]3- is obtained as its salt [K(crypt-222)]3 [Au6 (Ge3 As)(Ge2 As2 )3 ]⋅en⋅2 tol (1). The anion represents a rare example of a superpolyhedral Zintl cluster, and it comprises the largest number of Au atoms relative to main group (semi)metal atoms in such clusters. The overall supertetrahedral structure is based on a (non-bonding) octahedron of six Au atoms that is face-capped by four (Gex As4-x )x- (x=2, 3) units. The Au atoms bind to four main group atoms in a rectangular manner, and this way hold the four units together to form this unprecedented architecture. The presence of one (Ge3 As)3- unit besides three (Ge2 As2 )2- units as a consequence of an exchange reaction in solution was verified by detailed quantum chemical (DFT) calculations, which ruled out all other compositions besides [Au6 (Ge3 As)(Ge2 As2 )3 ]3- . Reactions of the heavier homologues (Tt2 Pn2 )2- (Tt=Sn, Pb; Pn=Sb, Bi) did not yield clusters corresponding to that in 1, but dimers of ternary nine-vertex clusters, {[AuTt5 Pn3 ]2 }4- (in 2-4; Tt/Pn=Sn/Sb, Sn/Bi, Pb/Sb), since the underlying pseudo-tetrahedral units comprising heavier atoms do not tend to undergo the said exchange reactions as readily as (Ge2 As2 )2- , according to the DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Pan
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Lukas Guggolz
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
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8
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Guggolz L, Dehnen S. Systematic DFT Studies on Binary Pseudo-tetrahedral Zintl Anions: Relative Stabilities and Reactivities towards Protons, Trimethylsilyl Groups, and Iron Complex Fragments. Chemistry 2020; 26:11819-11828. [PMID: 32285972 PMCID: PMC7540718 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Binary pseudo-tetrahedral Zintl anions composed of (semi)metal atoms of the p-block elements have proven to be excellent starting materials for the synthesis of a variety of heterometallic and intermetalloid transition metal-main group metal cluster anions. However, only ten of the theoretically possible 48 anions have been experimentally accessed to date as isolable salts. This brings up the question whether the other species are generally not achievable, or whether synthetic chemists just have not succeeded in their preparation so far. To contribute to a possible answer to this question, global minimum structures were calculated for all anions of the type (TrTt3 )5- , (TrPn3 )2- , and (Tt2 Pn2 )2- , comprising elements of periods 3 to 6 (Tr: triel, Al⋅⋅⋅Tl; Tt: tetrel, Si⋅⋅⋅Pb; Pn: pnictogen, P⋅⋅⋅Bi). By analyzing the computational results, a concept was developed to predict which of the yet missing anions should be synthesizable and why. Additionally, the results of an electrophilic attack by protons or trimethylsilyl groups or a nucleophilic attack by transition metal complex fragments are described. The latter yields butterfly-like structures that can be viewed as a new form of adaptable tridentate chelating ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Guggolz
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für, Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für, Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
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9
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Pan F, Guggolz L, Weigend F, Dehnen S. Atom Exchange Versus Reconstruction: (Ge
x
As
4−
x
)
x
−
(
x=
2, 3) as Building Blocks for the Supertetrahedral Zintl Cluster [Au
6
(Ge
3
As)(Ge
2
As
2
)
3
]
3−. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Pan
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Lukas Guggolz
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
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10
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Wallach C, Mayer K, Henneberger T, Klein W, Fässler TF. Intermediates and products of the reaction of Zn(ii) organyls with tetrel element Zintl ions: cluster extension versus complexation. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6191-6198. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01096k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Upon reactions of Zintl ions with Zn(ii) organyls various Zn-Zintl clusters as well as Zn-amide intermediates were isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Wallach
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching b. München
- Germany
| | - K. Mayer
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching b. München
- Germany
| | - T. Henneberger
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching b. München
- Germany
| | - W. Klein
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching b. München
- Germany
| | - T. F. Fässler
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching b. München
- Germany
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11
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Wilson RJ, Lichtenberger N, Weinert B, Dehnen S. Intermetalloid and Heterometallic Clusters Combining p-Block (Semi)Metals with d- or f-Block Metals. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8506-8554. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Wilson
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Niels Lichtenberger
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Weinert
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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12
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13
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Klemmer L, Huch V, Jana A, Scheschkewitz D. An anionic heterosiliconoid with two germanium vertices. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10100-10103. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04576g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of dismutational 1,4-digermatetrasilabenzene isomer gives lithium digermatetrasila-benzpolarenide (R = Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2). The positions of its Ge vertices yield mechanistic insights; its reaction with SiCl4 proves its nucleophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Klemmer
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
| | - Anukul Jana
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad
- Hyderabad-500107
- India
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
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14
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Mayer K, Weßing J, Fässler TF, Fischer RA. Intermetalloid Clusters: Molecules and Solids in a Dialogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14372-14393. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Mayer
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials; Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Jana Weßing
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials; Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Roland A. Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching Germany
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15
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Mayer K, Weßing J, Fässler TF, Fischer RA. Intermetalloide Cluster: Moleküle und Festkörper im Dialog. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Mayer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie mit Schwerpunkt Neue Materialien; Department Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Jana Weßing
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Metallorganische Chemie; Department Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie mit Schwerpunkt Neue Materialien; Department Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Roland A. Fischer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Metallorganische Chemie; Department Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching Deutschland
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16
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Liu C, Popov IA, Chen Z, Boldyrev AI, Sun Z. Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Zintl Clusters. Chemistry 2018; 24:14583-14597. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials Center Nankai University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Ivan A. Popov
- Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Zhongfang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Functional Nanomaterials University of Puerto Rico San Juan USA
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State University 0300 Old Main Hill Logan UT 84322-0300 USA
| | - Zhong‐Ming Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials Center Nankai University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
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17
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Henneberger T, Klein W, Dums JV, Fässler TF. [(μ2-H)(η2-Ge4)ZnPh2]3−, an edge-on protonated E4 cluster establishing the first three-center two-electron Ge–H–Ge bond. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12381-12384. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06843g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The first example of a protonated and a rare example of a metal complex of the tetrahedral tetrel cluster anion [Ge4]4− was obtained from a solution of K6Rb6Ge17 in liquid ammonia in the presence of ZnPh2 and [18]crown-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Henneberger
- Department of Chemistry
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching
- Germany
| | - Wilhelm Klein
- Department of Chemistry
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching
- Germany
| | - Jasmin V. Dums
- Department of Chemistry
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching
- Germany
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Department of Chemistry
- Technische Universität München
- D-85747 Garching
- Germany
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18
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Liu C, Li LJ, Pan QJ, Sun ZM. [Ge5Ni2(CO)3]2−: the first functionalized cluster of closo-[Ge5]2−. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6315-6318. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A functionalized cluster derivative of closo-[Ge5]2− has been prepared and structurally characterized for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Lei-Jiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Jiang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Ming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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19
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Benda CB, Henneberger T, Klein W, Fässler TF. [Si4]4-and [Si9]4-Clusters Crystallized from Liquid Ammonia Solution - Synthesis and Characterization of K8[Si4][Si9]·(NH3)14.6. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian B. Benda
- Fakultät Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Thomas Henneberger
- Fakultät Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Wilhelm Klein
- Fakultät Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Fakultät Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Germany
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20
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Lorenz C, Gärtner S, Korber N. Si44-in Solution - First Solvate Crystal Structure of the Ligand-free Tetrasilicide Tetraanion in Rb1.2K2.8Si4·7NH3. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Lorenz
- Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie; Universitaet Regensburg; Universitaetsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Stefanie Gärtner
- Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie; Universitaet Regensburg; Universitaetsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Nikolaus Korber
- Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie; Universitaet Regensburg; Universitaetsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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21
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Scherf LM, Riphaus N, Fässler TF. Site-Specific Substitution Preferences in the Solid Solutions Li12Si7-xGex, Li12-yNaySi7, Na7LiSi8-zGez, and Li3NaSi6-vGev. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia M. Scherf
- Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching/München Germany
| | - Nathalie Riphaus
- Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching/München Germany
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Munich; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching/München Germany
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22
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Wilson RJ, Broeckaert L, Spitzer F, Weigend F, Dehnen S. {[CuSn5 Sb3 ](2-) }2 : A Dimer of Inhomogeneous Superatoms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11775-80. [PMID: 27558912 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the binary Zintl anion (Sn2 Sb2 )(2-) with the β-diketiminato complex [LCu(NCMe)] (L=nacnac=[(N(C6 H3 (i) Pr2 -2,6)C(Me))2 CH](-) ) in ethylenediamine or DMF affords the ternary cluster dimer {[CuSn5 Sb3 ](2-) }2 (1) as its [K(crypt-222)](+) salt. The chemical formulation of 1 is supported by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and quantum chemical calculations. Each monomeric part of the dimer represents a trimetallic "[CuSn5 Sb3 ](2-) " cluster, with an architecture in between a tricapped trigonal prism and a capped square antiprism. As shown by quantum chemical investigations, the presence of Sb atoms and, in particular, of Cu atoms in the cluster skeleton makes the monomeric unit behave like an inhomogeneous superatom, which clearly prefers to dimerize, thereby producing a relatively short, yet virtually non-bonding Cu⋅⋅⋅Cu distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Wilson
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lies Broeckaert
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Fabian Spitzer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institut für Nanotechnologie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
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23
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Wilson RJ, Broeckaert L, Spitzer F, Weigend F, Dehnen S. {[CuSn5Sb3]2−}2: Ein Dimer inhomogener Superatome. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Wilson
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Lies Broeckaert
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie; Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Fabian Spitzer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Florian Weigend
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie; Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Institut für Nanotechnologie; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
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24
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Binary and Ternary Intermetalloid Clusters. CLUSTERS – CONTEMPORARY INSIGHT IN STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2015_5002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Benda CB, Waibel M, Köchner T, Fässler TF. Reactivity of Liquid Ammonia Solutions of the Zintl Phase K12Sn17towards Mesitylcopper(I) and Phosphinegold(I) Chloride. Chemistry 2014; 20:16738-46. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Benda CB, Fässler TF. [Bi4]6-- The Zintl Anion with the Highest Charge per Atom Obtained from Solution. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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NaRb
7
(Si
4–
x
Ge
x
)
2
– Soluble Zintl Phases Containing Heteroatomic Tetrahedral [Si
4–
x
Ge
x
]
4–
Clusters. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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28
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Waibel M, Fässler TF. Mixed Si/Ge Nine-Atom Zintl Clusters: ESI Mass Spectrometric Investigations and Single-Crystal Structure Determination of Paramagnetic [Si9–xGex]3–. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:5861-6. [PMID: 23627268 DOI: 10.1021/ic302802h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Waibel
- Department
Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Department
Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße
4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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29
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stollenz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, D-37077 Göttingen,
Germany
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31
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Stegmaier S, Waibel M, Henze A, Jantke LA, Karttunen AJ, Fässler TF. Soluble Zintl Phases A14ZnGe16 (A = K, Rb) Featuring [(η3-Ge4)Zn(η2-Ge4)]6– and [Ge4]4– Clusters and the Isolation of [(MesCu)2(η3,η3-Ge4)]4–: The Missing Link in the Solution Chemistry of Tetrahedral Group 14 Element Zintl Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:14450-60. [DOI: 10.1021/ja304251t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Stegmaier
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Markus Waibel
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Henze
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Laura-Alice Jantke
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101
Joensuu, Finland
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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32
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Waibel M, Hennenberger T, Henze A, Stegmaier S, Fässler TF. Tetrahedral [Si4-xGex]4- Ions in Zintl Phases and in Solution (0x 4). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201203013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Waibel M, Henneberger T, Jantke LA, Fässler TF. [(η2-(Si/Ge)4)Zn(η2-(Si/Ge)4)]6− – novel Zintl clusters with mixed Si/Ge tetrahedra bridged by a Zn atom. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8676-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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