1
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Tania, Sceney M, Dutton JL. A decade of lessons in the activation of ArIL 2 species. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3784-3799. [PMID: 38487221 PMCID: PMC10935727 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06588j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine(iii) compounds of the general structure ArIL2 are widely used as oxidizing agents for a variety of applications across both organic and inorganic chemistry. Considerable work has been done on the activation of these compounds by tuning the ligands at the iodine centre. This perspective summarises the work of our and other groups on rectification of historically misidentified iodine(iii) reagents of this class, and the syntheses of activated species. Recent advances focusing on increasing the oxidative capacity of I(iii) moieties using Lewis and Brønsted acids and Lewis bases as well as the activation of halogens with I(iii) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Marcus Sceney
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
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2
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Li Y, Zhao C, Wang Z, Zeng Y. Halogen Bond Catalysis: A Physical Chemistry Perspective. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:507-527. [PMID: 38214658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
As important noncovalent interactions, halogen bonds have been widely used in material science, supramolecular chemistry, medicinal chemistry, organocatalysis, and other fields. In the past 15 years, halogen bond catalysis has become a developed field in organocatalysis for the catalysts' advantages of being environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and recyclable. Halogen bonds can induce various organic reactions, and halogen bond catalysis has become a powerful alternative to the fully explored hydrogen bond catalysis. From a physical chemistry view, this perspective provides an overview of the latest progress and key examples of halogen bond catalysis via activation of the lone pair systems of organic functional group, π systems, and metal complexes. The research progresses in halogen bond catalysis by our group were also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
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3
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Li Y, Ge Y, Sun R, Yang X, Huang S, Dong H, Liu Y, Xue H, Ma X, Fu H, Chen Z. Balancing Activity and Stability in Halogen-Bonding Catalysis: Iodopyridinium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydropyridinones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11069-11082. [PMID: 37458502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot cascade reaction for 2,3-dihydropyridinone synthesis was accomplished with 3-fluoro-2-iodo-1-methylpyridinium triflate as the halogen bond catalyst. The desired [4+2] cycloaddition products, bearing aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, and alicyclic substituents, were successfully furnished in 28-99% yields. Mechanistic investigations proved that a strong halogen-bonding interaction forged between the iodopyridinium catalyst and imine intermediate was essential to dynamically masking the vulnerable C-I bond on the catalyst and accelerating the following aza-Diels-Alder reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Yicen Ge
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Rui Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Shipeng Huang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Huajian Dong
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Yunyao Liu
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Haodan Xue
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Zeqin Chen
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
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4
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Papagna R, Kutzinski D, Huber SM. Polymer‐Bound Halogen Bonding Organocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Papagna
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Chemie und Biochemie GERMANY
| | - Dana Kutzinski
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Chemie und Biochemie GERMANY
| | - Stefan Matthias Huber
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie NC 4/171Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum GERMANY
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5
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Sun Y, Li Y, Li X, Zeng Y. Mechanism and Impact of Mono/bis(iodoimidazolium) Halogen-Bond Donor Catalysts on Michael Addition of Indole with Trans-crotonophenone: DFT Investigations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6690-6698. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00075j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bidentate halogen bond donor catalysts in organic reactions have attracted greatly attention in recent years. In this work, the catalytic mechanism of mono/bis(iodoimidazolium) halogen bond donor catalysts on the...
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6
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Bakro A, Sharp-Bucknall L, Poynder TB, Clegg JK, Wilson DJD, Dutton JL. Lewis acid activation of Weiss' reagents ([PhI(Pyr) 2] 2+) with boranes and isolation of [PhI(4-DMAP)] 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12163-12166. [PMID: 34726208 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04725f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstraction of a pyridine ligand from Weiss' reagent ([PhI(Pyr)2]2+) using BF3-Et2O was found to activate Weiss' reagent towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The activated species can be isolated when 4-DMAP is used as the pyridine ligand and was determined to be [PhI(4-DMAP)]2+ in solution. The isolated cation was reactive in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions towards mesitylene, xylene and toluene that Weiss' reagent itself does not react with.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Bakro
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Lachlan Sharp-Bucknall
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Tiffany B Poynder
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - David J D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
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7
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Nandy A, Sekar G. KO tBu-Promoted Halogen-Bond-Assisted Intramolecular C-S Cross-Coupling of o-Iodothioanilides for the Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzothiazoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15825-15834. [PMID: 34644084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An efficacious and mild KOtBu-promoted intramolecular C-S cross-coupling of ortho-iodothioanilides in conjunction with a catalytic quantity of phenanthroline as an additive has been described for the convenient synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles. The methodology is suitable for attaining a wide variety of 2-alkyl- and 2-aryl-substituted benzothiazoles. Single-crystal XRD, DFT calculations, NMR, and UV studies suggest that halogen bonds between the units of ortho-iodothioanilides may assist in the electron transfer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Nandy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 036, India
| | - Govindasamy Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 036, India
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8
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Boelke A, Kuczmera TJ, Lork E, Nachtsheim BJ. N-Heterocyclic Iod(az)olium Salts - Potent Halogen-Bond Donors in Organocatalysis. Chemistry 2021; 27:13128-13134. [PMID: 34160859 PMCID: PMC8519039 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the application of N-heterocyclic iod(az)olium salts (NHISs) as highly reactive organocatalysts. A variety of mono- and dicationic NHISs are described and utilized as potent XB-donors in halogen-bond catalysis. They were benchmarked in seven diverse test reactions in which the activation of carbon- and metal-chloride bonds as well as carbonyl and nitro groups was achieved. N-methylated dicationic NHISs rendered the highest reactivity in all investigated catalytic applications with reactivities even higher than all previously described monodentate XB-donors based on iodine(I) and (III) and the strong Lewis acid BF3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Boelke
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße NW2C28359BremenGermany
| | - Thomas J. Kuczmera
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße NW2C28359BremenGermany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und KristallographieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße NW2C28359BremenGermany
| | - Boris J. Nachtsheim
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße NW2C28359BremenGermany
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9
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Weiss R, Golisano T, Pale P, Mamane V. Insight into the Modes of Activation of Pyridinium and Bipyridinium Salts in Non‐Covalent Organocatalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Weiss
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 – LASYROC CNRS Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Tamara Golisano
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 – LASYROC CNRS Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Patrick Pale
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 – LASYROC CNRS Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 – LASYROC CNRS Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
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10
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Li C, Manick AD, Yang J, Givaudan D, Biletskyi B, Michaud-Chevalier S, Dutasta JP, Hérault D, Bugaut X, Chatelet B, Martinez A. The Chloroazaphosphatrane Motif for Halogen Bonding in Solution. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11964-11973. [PMID: 34319095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chloroazaphosphatranes, the corresponding halogenophosphonium cations of the Verkade superbases, were evaluated as a new motif for halogen bonding (XB). Their modulable synthesis allowed for synthetizing chloroazaphosphatranes with various substituents on the nitrogen atoms. The binding constants determined from NMR titration experiments for Cl-, Br-, I-, AcO-, and CN- anions are comparable to those obtained with conventional iodine-based monodentate XB receptors. Remarkably, the protonated azaphosphatrane counterparts display no affinity for anions under the same conditions. The strength of the XB interaction is, to some extent, related to the basicity of the corresponding Verkade superbase. The halogen bonding abilities of this new class of halogen donor motif were also revealed by the Δδ(31P) NMR shift observed in CD2Cl2 solution in the presence of triethylphosphine oxide (TEPO). Thus, chloroazaphosphatranes constitute a new class of halogen bond donors, expanding the repertory of XB motifs mainly based on CAr-I bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Li
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jian Yang
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - David Givaudan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Bohdan Biletskyi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Damien Hérault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Xavier Bugaut
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Bastien Chatelet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
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11
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Momiyama N, Izumiseki A, Ohtsuka N, Suzuki T. Correlations between Substituent Effects and Catalytic Activities: A Quantitative Approach for the Development of Halogen-Bonding-Driven Anion-Binding Catalysts. Chempluschem 2021; 86:913-919. [PMID: 34145787 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative approach for the development of halogen-bonding-driven anion-binding catalysts was studied using 4-substituted perfluorinated iodobenzene. 19 F NMR titrations were used to determine the binding constants K for chloride, and their catalytic activities were evaluated in the allylation reaction of a N-activated pyridine. We discovered that the log K and product yields were linearly correlated, and that they were dependent on the Hammett substituent parameter, σmeta (r2 =0.99). This linear correlation provided a quantitative predictive model for both the binding constant and the reaction yield. Concomitantly, this efficiently permitted the development of a highly active anion-binding catalyst, namely 4-CNC6 F4 I (K=489±5 M-1 ). Additionally, the catalytic activity of 4-CNC6 F4 I was established in the allylation and crotylation of N-activated isoquinolines (7 examples). Overall, this approach highlights the value of quantitative analysis by exploring experimentally informed correlations in the development of halogen bond donor catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norie Momiyama
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Atsuto Izumiseki
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Naoya Ohtsuka
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Suzuki
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
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12
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Xiao X, Roth JM, Greenwood NS, Velopolcek MK, Aguirre J, Jalali M, Ariafard A, Wengryniuk SE. Bidentate Nitrogen-Ligated I(V) Reagents, Bi( N)-HVIs: Preparation, Stability, Structure, and Reactivity. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6566-6576. [PMID: 33872505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine(V) reagents are a powerful class of organic oxidants. While the use of I(V) compounds Dess-Martin periodinane and IBX is widespread, this reagent class has long been plagued by issues of solubility and stability. Extensive effort has been made for derivatizing these scaffolds to modulate reactivity and physical properties but considerable room for innovation still exists. Herein, we describe the preparation, thermal stability, optimized geometries, and synthetic utility of an emerging class of I(V) reagents, Bi(N)-HVIs, possessing datively bound bidentate nitrogen ligands on the iodine center. Bi(N)-HVIs display favorable safety profiles, improved solubility, and comparable to superior oxidative reactivity relative to common I(V) reagents. The highly modular synthesis and in situ generation of Bi(N)-HVIs provides a novel and convenient screening platform for I(V) reagent and reaction development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jessica M Roth
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Nathaniel S Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Maria K Velopolcek
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jordan Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Mona Jalali
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Sarah E Wengryniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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13
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Tierno AF, Walters JC, Vazquez-Lopez A, Xiao X, Wengryniuk SE. Heterocyclic group transfer reactions with I(iii) N-HVI reagents: access to N-alkyl(heteroaryl)onium salts via olefin aminolactonization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6385-6392. [PMID: 34084438 PMCID: PMC8115303 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00187f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridinium and related N-alkyl(heteroaryl)onium salts are versatile synthetic intermediates in organic chemistry, with applications ranging from ring functionalizations to provide diverse piperidine scaffolds to their recent emergence as radical precursors in deaminative cross couplings. Despite their ever-expanding applications, methods for their synthesis have seen little innovation, continuing to rely on a limited set of decades old transformations and a limited subset of coupling partners. Herein, we leverage (bis)cationic nitrogen-ligated I(iii) hypervalent iodine reagents, or N-HVIs, as "heterocyclic group transfer reagents" to provide access to a broad scope of N-alkyl(heteroaryl)onium salts via the aminolactonization of alkenoic acids, the first example of engaging an olefin to directly generate these salts. The reactions proceed in excellent yields, under mild conditions, and are capable of incorporating a broad scope of sterically and electronically diverse aromatic heterocycles. The N-HVI reagents can be generated in situ, the products isolated via simple trituration, and subsequent derivatizations demonstrate the power of this platform for diversity-oriented synthesis of 6-membered nitrogen heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F Tierno
- Department of Chemistry, Towson University 8000 York Road, Towson Maryland USA 21252
| | - Jennifer C Walters
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University 1901 North 13th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA 19122
| | - Andres Vazquez-Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University 1901 North 13th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA 19122
| | - Xiao Xiao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 China
| | - Sarah E Wengryniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University 1901 North 13th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA 19122
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14
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Engelage E, Hijazi H, Gartmann M, Chamoreau LM, Schöllhorn B, Huber SM, Fave C. Towards redox-switchable organocatalysts based on bidentate halogen bond donors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4344-4352. [PMID: 33588428 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06612e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Redox-active bidentate halogen bond donors based on halopyridinium groups as halogen-bond donating units were synthesized and their structures were elucidated by X-ray diffraction analyses and DFT calculations. Via reversible twofold reduction, these dicationic species can be transformed to neutral compounds which should be much weaker Lewis acids. The corresponding electrochemical data were obtained, and CV as well as UV-vis and NMR techniques were also used to determine binding constants of these halogen bond donors to halides. While all titrations agree on the relative order of binding strengths (with chloride being bound strongest), there are marked deviations in the overall affinity constants which are discussed. In contrast to earlier azo-bridge analogues, the ethylene-linked variants presented herein do not oxidize halides, and thus the novel halogen bond donors could also be used as Lewis acidic organocatalysts in a halide abstraction benchmark reaction, yielding a performance similar to bis(haloimidazolium)-derived catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - H Hijazi
- Université de Paris - Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | - M Gartmann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - L-M Chamoreau
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, CNRS - Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - B Schöllhorn
- Université de Paris - Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | - S M Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - C Fave
- Université de Paris - Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
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15
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Yan R, Chen K, Li Z, Qu Y, Gao L, Tong H, Li Y, Li J, Hu Y, Guo K. Fixation of CO 2 into Cyclic Carbonates by Halogen-Bonding Catalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:738-744. [PMID: 33210437 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Halogen bonding, parallel to hydrogen bonding, was introduced into the catalytic cycloaddition of carbon dioxide into epoxide (CCE) reactions. A series of halogen-bond donor (XBD) catalysts of N-iodopyridinium halide featured with N-I bond were synthesized and evaluated in CCE reactions. The optimal XBD catalyst, 4-(dimethylamino)-N-iodopyridinium bromide ([DMAPI]Br), under screened conditions at 100 °C, ambient pressure, and 1 mol % catalyst loading, realized 93 % conversion of styrene oxide into cyclic carbonate in 6 h. The substrate scope was successfully extended with excellent yields (mostly ≥93 %) and quantitative selectivity (more than 99 %). 1 H NMR spectroscopy of the catalyst [DMAPI]Br on substrate epoxide certified that the N-I bond directly coordinated with the epoxide oxygen. A plausible mechanism of halogen-bonding catalysis was proposed, in which the DMAPI cation functioned as halogen-bond donor to activate the epoxide, and the counter anion bromide attacked the methylene carbon to initiate the ring-opening of the epoxide. CCE reactions promoted by N-iodopyridinium halide, exemplify a first case of halogen-bonding catalysis in epoxide activation and CO2 transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Luoyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Haoying Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, 211816, P.R. China
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16
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Zhang H, Toy PH. Halogen Bond‐Catalyzed Friedel−Crafts Reactions of Furans Using a 2,2’‐Bipyridine‐Based Catalyst. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick H. Toy
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
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17
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Abstract
Halogen bond interactions, which take place between an electrophilic halogen
and the electron-pair of a Lewis base and exhibit high directionality (approximately 180°),
are non-covalent bond interactions similar to the hydrogen bond interaction. Many reports
on halogen bond interactions have been published thus far, but many of them discuss halogen
bond in the context of crystal engineering of supramolecular architecture. Since a
seminal report by Bolm in 2008, halogen bond-assisted or -promoted organic synthesis has
received significant attention. This review aims to introduce the molecular design of suitable
halogen bond donors and organic transformations involving halogen bond interactions
to afford a variety of organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Yamada
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Konno
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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18
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Wang L, Li Z, Liu J, Han J, Moriwaki H, Soloshonok VA. Recent Developments in the Asymmetric Detrifluoroacetylative Reactions of in situ Generated Mono-Fluorinated Enolates. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200801022712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of an efficient and mild synthetic methodology for the construction
of bioactive fluorine-containing molecules represents one of the hot research topics
in general synthetic organic chemistry. In this review, some recent progresses achieved
in the development of detrifluoroacetylatively generated mono-fluorinated enolates via CC
bond cleavage and their asymmetric nucleophilic reactions for assembly of chiral quaternary
C-F center containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hiroki Moriwaki
- Hamari Chemical Ltd., 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 533-0024, Japan
| | - Vadim A. Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizabal 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
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19
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Mamane V, Peluso P, Aubert E, Weiss R, Wenger E, Cossu S, Pale P. Disubstituted Ferrocenyl Iodo- and Chalcogenoalkynes as Chiral Halogen and Chalcogen Bond Donors. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7177, Equipe LASYROC, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB, CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, 07100 Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Aubert
- , Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRM2, Bd des Aiguillettes, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Robin Weiss
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7177, Equipe LASYROC, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Wenger
- , Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRM2, Bd des Aiguillettes, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi DSMN, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Patrick Pale
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7177, Equipe LASYROC, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Liu
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China 28592167
| | - Patrick H. Toy
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China 28592167
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21
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Holthoff JM, Engelage E, Weiss R, Huber SM. "Anti-Electrostatic" Halogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11150-11157. [PMID: 32227661 PMCID: PMC7317790 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Halogen bonding is often described as being driven predominantly by electrostatics, and thus adducts between anionic halogen bond (XB) donors (halogen-based Lewis acids) and anions seem counterintuitive. Such "anti-electrostatic" XBs have been predicted theoretically but for organic XB donors, there are currently no experimental examples except for a few cases of self-association. Reported herein is the synthesis of two negatively charged organoiodine derivatives that form anti-electrostatic XBs with anions. Even though the electrostatic potential is universally negative across the surface of both compounds, DFT calculations indicate kinetic stabilization of their halide complexes in the gas phase and particularly in solution. Experimentally, self-association of the anionic XB donors was observed in solid-state structures, resulting in dimers, trimers, and infinite chains. In addition, co-crystals with halides were obtained, representing the first cases of halogen bonding between an organic anionic XB donor and a different anion. The bond lengths of all observed interactions are 14-21 % shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana M. Holthoff
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Robert Weiss
- Institut für Organische ChemieFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergHenkestraße 4291054ErlangenGermany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
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22
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Holthoff JM, Engelage E, Weiss R, Huber SM. “Anti‐elektrostatische” Halogenbrücken. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana M. Holthoff
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Robert Weiss
- Institut für Organische ChemieFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Henkestraße 42 91054 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
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23
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Sutar RL, Engelage E, Stoll R, Huber SM. Bidentate Chiral Bis(imidazolium)-Based Halogen-Bond Donors: Synthesis and Applications in Enantioselective Recognition and Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6806-6810. [PMID: 32045504 PMCID: PMC7187470 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Even though halogen bonding-the noncovalent interaction between electrophilic halogen substituents and Lewis bases-has now been established in molecular recognition and catalysis, its use in enantioselective processes is still very rarely explored. Herein, we present the synthesis of chiral bidentate halogen-bond donors based on two iodoimidazolium units with rigidly attached chiral sidearms. With these Lewis acids, chiral recognition of a racemic diamine is achieved in NMR studies. DFT calculations support a 1:1 interaction of the halogen-bond donor with both enantiomers and indicate that the chiral recognition is based on a different spatial orientation of the Lewis bases in the halogen-bonded complexes. In addition, moderate enantioselectivity is achieved in a Mukaiyama aldol reaction with a preorganized variant of the chiral halogen-bond donor. This represents the first case in which asymmetric induction was realized with a pure halogen-bond donor lacking any additional active functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revannath L. Sutar
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
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24
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Sutar RL, Engelage E, Stoll R, Huber SM. Zweizähnige chirale Bis(imidazolium)‐basierte Halogenbrückendonoren: Synthese und Anwendungen in enantioselektiver Erkennung und Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Revannath L. Sutar
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
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25
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von der Heiden D, Vanderkooy A, Erdélyi M. Halogen bonding in solution: NMR spectroscopic approaches. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Wu F, Ariyarathna JP, Kaur N, Alom NE, Kennell ML, Bassiouni OH, Li W. Halogen-Bond-Induced Consecutive Csp3–H Aminations via Hydrogen Atom Transfer Relay Strategy. Org Lett 2020; 22:2135-2140. [PMID: 32109065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Jeewani P. Ariyarathna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Nur-E Alom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Maureen L. Kennell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Omar H. Bassiouni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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27
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Voelkel MHH, Wonner P, Huber SM. Preorganization: A Powerful Tool in Intermolecular Halogen Bonding in Solution. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:214-224. [PMID: 32071831 PMCID: PMC7011185 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Preorganization is a powerful tool in supramolecular chemistry which has been utilized successfully in intra- and intermolecular halogen bonding. In previous work, we had developed a bidentate bis(iodobenzimidazolium)-based halogen bond donor which featured a central trifluoromethyl substituent. This compound showed a markedly increased catalytic activity compared to unsubstituted bis(iodoimidazolium)-based Lewis acids, which could be explained either by electronic effects (the electron withdrawal by the fluorinated substituent) or by preorganization (the hindered rotation of the halogen bonding moieties). Herein, we systematically investigate the origin of this increased Lewis acidity via a comparison of the two types of compounds and their respective derivatives with or without the central trifluoromethyl group. Calorimetric measurements of halide complexations indicated that preorganization is the main reason for the higher halogen bonding strength. The performance of the catalysts in a series of benchmark reactions corroborates this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin H. H. Voelkel
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Patrick Wonner
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Stefan Matthias Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
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28
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Takagi K, Murakata H, Yamauchi K, Hashimoto K. Cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers using halogen bonding organocatalysts with varied activity. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01207f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers was investigated using non-ionic and ionic halogen bonding organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takagi
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - Hiroto Murakata
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - Koji Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - Kohei Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya
- Japan
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29
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Bamberger J, Ostler F, Mancheño OG. Frontiers in Halogen and Chalcogen-Bond Donor Organocatalysis. ChemCatChem 2019; 11:5198-5211. [PMID: 31894187 PMCID: PMC6919929 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-covalent molecular interactions on the basis of halogen and chalcogen bonding represent a promising, powerful catalytic activation mode. However, these "unusual" non-covalent interactions are typically employed in the solid state and scarcely exploited in catalysis. In recent years, an increased interest in halogen and chalcogen bonding has been awaken, as they provide profound characteristics that make them an appealing alternative to the well-explored hydrogen bonding. Being particularly relevant in the binding of "soft" substrates, the similar strength to hydrogen bonding interactions and its higher directionality allows for solution-phase applications with halogen and chalcogen bonding as the key interaction. In this mini-review, the special features, state-of-the-art and key examples of these so-called σ-hole interactions in the field of organocatalysis are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bamberger
- Organic Chemistry InstituteMünster UniversityCorrensstraße 40MünsterD-48149Germany
| | - Florian Ostler
- Organic Chemistry InstituteMünster UniversityCorrensstraße 40MünsterD-48149Germany
| | - Olga García Mancheño
- Organic Chemistry InstituteMünster UniversityCorrensstraße 40MünsterD-48149Germany
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30
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Liu X, Ma S, Toy PH. Halogen Bond-Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones Using a Bidentate Halogen Bond Donor Catalyst: Synthesis of Symmetrical Bis(indolyl)methanes. Org Lett 2019; 21:9212-9216. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. of China
| | - Shuang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. of China
| | - Patrick H. Toy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. of China
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Revannath L. Sutar
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
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32
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Mikhael M, Adler SA, Wengryniuk SE. Chemoselective Oxidation of Equatorial Alcohols with N-Ligated λ 3-Iodanes. Org Lett 2019; 21:5889-5893. [PMID: 31310133 PMCID: PMC7060929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The site-selective and chemoselective functionalization of alcohols in complex polyols remains a formidable synthetic challenge. Whereas significant advancements have been made in selective derivatization at the oxygen center, chemoselective oxidation to the corresponding carbonyls is less developed. In cyclic systems, whereas the selective oxidation of axial alcohols is well known, a complementary equatorial selective process has not yet been reported. Herein we report the utility of nitrogen-ligated (bis)cationic λ3-iodanes (N-HVIs) for alcohol oxidation and their unprecedented levels of selectivity for the oxidation of equatorial over axial alcohols. The conditions are mild, and the simple pyridine-ligated reagent (Py-HVI) is readily synthesized from commercial PhI(OAc)2 and can be either isolated or generated in situ. Conformational selectivity is demonstrated in both flexible 1,2-substituted cyclohexanols and rigid polyol scaffolds, providing chemists with a novel tool for chemoselective oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Mikhael
- Temple University, Department of Chemistry, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Sophia A. Adler
- Temple University, Department of Chemistry, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Sarah E. Wengryniuk
- Temple University, Department of Chemistry, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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33
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Ge Y, Yang H, Heusler A, Chua Z, Wong MW, Tan C. Halogen‐Bonding‐Induced Conjugate Addition of Thiophenes to Enones and Enals. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2656-2661. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Cen Ge
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Arne Heusler
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Zhijie Chua
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Choon‐Hong Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
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34
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Squitieri RA, Fitzpatrick KP, Jaworski AA, Scheidt KA. Synthesis and Evaluation of Azolium‐Based Halogen‐Bond Donors. Chemistry 2019; 25:10069-10073. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Squitieri
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University, Silverman Hall Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Keegan P. Fitzpatrick
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University, Silverman Hall Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Ashley A. Jaworski
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University, Silverman Hall Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University, Silverman Hall Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
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35
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Kaasik M, Metsala A, Kaabel S, Kriis K, Järving I, Kanger T. Halo-1,2,3-triazolium Salts as Halogen Bond Donors for the Activation of Imines in Dihydropyridinone Synthesis. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4294-4303. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikk Kaasik
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Andrus Metsala
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Sandra Kaabel
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Kadri Kriis
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Ivar Järving
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Kanger
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
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36
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Perera MD, Aakeröy CB. Organocatalysis by a multidentate halogen-bond donor: an alternative to hydrogen-bond based catalysis. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01404g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stoichiometric organocatalysis using a charge-neutral bis-iodoethynyl halogen-bond decorated scaffold.
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37
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Kazi I, Sekar G. An efficient synthesis of benzothiazole using tetrabromomethane as a halogen bond donor catalyst. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9743-9756. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02125f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A CBr4 catalyzed simple, mild, and efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazole from 2-aminothiophenols and N-methylthioamides under solvent free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai
- India
| | - Govindasamy Sekar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai
- India
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38
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Vogel L, Wonner P, Huber SM. Chalcogen Bonding: An Overview. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1880-1891. [PMID: 30225899 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, "unusual" noncovalent interactions like anion-π and halogen bonding have emerged as interesting alternatives to the ubiquitous hydrogen bonding in many research areas. This is also true, to a somewhat lesser extent, for chalcogen bonding, the noncovalent interaction involving Lewis acidic chalcogen centers. Herein, we aim to provide an overview on the use of chalcogen bonding in crystal engineering and in solution, with a focus on the recent developments concerning intermolecular chalcogen bonding in solution-phase applications. In the solid phase, chalcogen bonding has been used for the construction of nano-sized structures and the self-assembly of sophisticated self-complementary arrays. In solution, until very recently applications mostly focused on intramolecular interactions which stabilized the conformation of intermediates or reagents. In the last few years, intermolecular chalcogen bonding has increasingly also been exploited in solution, most notably in anion recognition and transport as well as in organic synthesis and organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Vogel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Patrick Wonner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan M Huber
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Vogel
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Patrick Wonner
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
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40
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Corbo R, Dutton JL. Weiss’ Reagents: A synthetically useful class of iodine(III) coordination compounds. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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41
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Dreger A, Engelage E, Mallick B, Beer PD, Huber SM. The role of charge in 1,2,3-triazol(ium)-based halogen bonding activators. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4013-4016. [PMID: 29617018 PMCID: PMC5933004 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00527c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Monocationic halogen-bonding-based activators are equally potent as structurally related dicationic ones.
The influence of charge on the performance of monocationic and dicationic triazol(ium)-based halogen bond donors was investigated. Next to the activity in a halide abstraction benchmark reaction, halogen bonding was also evaluated via X-ray structural analyses and isothermal titration calorimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dreger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
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42
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Walters JC, Tierno AF, Dubin AH, Wengryniuk SE. (Poly)cationic λ 3-Iodane Mediated Oxidative Ring Expansion of Secondary Alcohols. European J Org Chem 2018; 2018:1460-1464. [PMID: 30147437 PMCID: PMC6107298 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a simplified approach to the synthesis of medium-ring ethers through the electrophilic activation of secondary alcohols with (poly)cationic λ3-iodanes (N-HVI). Excellent levels of selectivity are achieved for C-O bond migration over established α-elimination pathways, enabled by the unique reactivity of a novel 2-OMe-pyridine-ligated N-HVI. The resulting HFIP-acetals are readily derivatized with a range of nucleophiles, providing a versatile functional handle for subsequent manipulations. The utility of this methodology for late-stage natural product derivatization was also demonstrated, providing a new tool for diversity-oriented synthesis and complexity-to-diversity (CTD) efforts. Preliminary mechanistic investigations reveal a strong effect of alcohol conformation on reactive pathway, thus providing a predictive power in the application of this approach to complex molecule synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Walters
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13 St. Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Anthony F Tierno
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13 St. Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Aimee H Dubin
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13 St. Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Sarah E Wengryniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13 St. Philadelphia, PA 19122
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43
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Kobayashi Y, Nakatsuji Y, Li S, Tsuzuki S, Takemoto Y. Direct N
-Glycofunctionalization of Amides with Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidate by Thiourea/Halogen Bond Donor Co-Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3646-3650. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yuya Nakatsuji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shanji Li
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Seiji Tsuzuki
- Research Initiative of Computational Sciences (RICS); Nanosystem Research Institute (NRI); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); 1-1-1 Umezono Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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44
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Kobayashi Y, Nakatsuji Y, Li S, Tsuzuki S, Takemoto Y. Direct N
-Glycofunctionalization of Amides with Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidate by Thiourea/Halogen Bond Donor Co-Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yuya Nakatsuji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shanji Li
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Seiji Tsuzuki
- Research Initiative of Computational Sciences (RICS); Nanosystem Research Institute (NRI); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); 1-1-1 Umezono Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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45
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Quiñonero D, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Cation-cation and anion-anion complexes stabilized by halogen bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:27939-27950. [PMID: 27711592 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03662g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stable minima showing halogen bonds between charged molecules with the same sign have been explored by means of theoretical calculations. The dissociation transition states and their corresponding barriers have also been characterized. In all cases, the results indicate that the complexes are thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable with respect to the isolated monomers in gas phase. A corrected binding energy profile by removing the charge-charge repulsion of the monomers shows a profile similar to the one observed for the dissociation of analogous neutral systems. The nature of the interaction in the minima and TSs has been analyzed using the symmetry adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) method. The results indicate the presence of local favorable electrostatic interactions in the minima that vanish in the TSs. Natural bond orbital (NBO) and "atoms-in-molecules" (AIM) theories were used to analyze the complexes, obtaining good correlations between Laplacian and electron density values with both bond distances and charge-transfer energy contributions E(2). The largest E(2) orbital interaction energies for cation-cation and anion-anion complexes are 561.2 and 197.9 kJ mol-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Quiñonero
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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46
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Kuwano S, Suzuki T, Hosaka Y, Arai T. A chiral organic base catalyst with halogen-bonding-donor functionality: asymmetric Mannich reactions of malononitrile with N-Boc aldimines and ketimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3847-3850. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00865e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric Mannich reactions of malononitrile with various N-Boc imines were developed using a chiral organic base catalyst with halogen-bonding-donor functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kuwano
- Soft Molecular Activation Research Center (SMARC)
- Chiba Iodine Resource Innovation Center (CIRIC)
- Molecular Chirality Research Center (MCRC), and Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Chiba University
| | - Takumi Suzuki
- Soft Molecular Activation Research Center (SMARC)
- Chiba Iodine Resource Innovation Center (CIRIC)
- Molecular Chirality Research Center (MCRC), and Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Chiba University
| | - Yusei Hosaka
- Soft Molecular Activation Research Center (SMARC)
- Chiba Iodine Resource Innovation Center (CIRIC)
- Molecular Chirality Research Center (MCRC), and Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Chiba University
| | - Takayoshi Arai
- Soft Molecular Activation Research Center (SMARC)
- Chiba Iodine Resource Innovation Center (CIRIC)
- Molecular Chirality Research Center (MCRC), and Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Chiba University
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47
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Haraguchi R, Hoshino S, Sakai M, Tanazawa SG, Morita Y, Komatsu T, Fukuzawa SI. Bulky iodotriazolium tetrafluoroborates as highly active halogen-bonding-donor catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10320-10323. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05309j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bulky halogen-bonding-donor catalysts have been synthesized, and their catalytic activities for aza-Diels–Alder reaction were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Haraguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Science and Engineering
- Chuo University
- 112-8551 Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Shun Hoshino
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Science and Engineering
- Chuo University
- 112-8551 Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Munenori Sakai
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Science and Engineering
- Chuo University
- 112-8551 Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Sho-go Tanazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Science and Engineering
- Chuo University
- 112-8551 Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Science and Engineering
- Chuo University
- 112-8551 Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Teruyuki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Science and Engineering
- Chuo University
- 112-8551 Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Fukuzawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Science and Engineering
- Chuo University
- 112-8551 Tokyo
- Japan
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48
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Gliese JP, Jungbauer SH, Huber SM. A halogen-bonding-catalyzed Michael addition reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:12052-12055. [PMID: 29064505 PMCID: PMC5708360 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07175b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Only a few studies on the use of halogen bonding in catalysis have been published so far. Herein, (benz)imidazolium-based halogen bond donors are used as catalysts in a Michael addition reaction. The most potent catalyst, a rigid atropisomer featuring two iodobenzimidazolium moieties, provided a rate acceleration versus a reference compound of ca. 50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Philipp Gliese
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150 , 44801 Bochum , Germany .
| | - Stefan H. Jungbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150 , 44801 Bochum , Germany .
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150 , 44801 Bochum , Germany .
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49
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Creste G, Groni S, Fave C, Branca M, Schöllhorn B. Comparative study of non-covalent interactions between cationic N-phenylviologens and halides by electrochemistry and NMR: the halogen bonding effect. Faraday Discuss 2017; 203:301-313. [PMID: 28726928 DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00082k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five N-phenylviologen (PV2+) derivatives have been synthesized and their electrochemical behavior in the presence of halide anions has been studied. Further investigations were carried out by 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy at different chloride concentrations. This is the first time a systematic study combines cyclic voltammetry and NMR spectroscopy in order to analyse the contribution of halogen bonding among the various non-covalent interactions between iodinated N-phenylviologens. The results show strong evidence for a significant "halogen bonding effect" in the interaction between halides and the iodo-tetrafluoro-phenylviologen PV2+-C6F4I. A significant influence of halogen bonding on reduction potentials of the novel halogen bond donor PV2+-C6F4I has been evidenced resulting in the first example of "inverse redox switching" of an XB-donor being partially deactivated upon reduction. Furthermore the particular binding properties of the perfluorinated derivative PV2+-C6F5 towards chloride are discussed considering a possible contribution of π-anion interaction in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geordie Creste
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
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50
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Eichstaedt K, Jaramillo-Garcia J, Leigh DA, Marcos V, Pisano S, Singleton TA. Switching between Anion-Binding Catalysis and Aminocatalysis with a Rotaxane Dual-Function Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Eichstaedt
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | | | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Vanesa Marcos
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Simone Pisano
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Thomas A. Singleton
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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