1
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Velusamy A, Chen Y, Lin M, Afraj SN, Liu J, Chen M, Liu C. Diselenophene-Dithioalkylthiophene Based Quinoidal Small Molecules for Ambipolar Organic Field Effect Transistors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305361. [PMID: 38095532 PMCID: PMC10916611 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This work presents a series of novel quinoidal organic semiconductors based on diselenophene-dithioalkylthiophene (DSpDST) conjugated cores with various side-chain lengths (-thiohexyl, -thiodecyl, and -thiotetradecyl, designated DSpDSTQ-6, DSpDSTQ-10, and DSpDSTQ-14, respectively). The purpose of this research is to develop solution-processable organic semiconductors using dicyanomethylene end-capped organic small molecules for organic field effect transistors (OFETs) application. The physical, electrochemical, and electrical properties of these new DSpDSTQs are systematically studied, along with their performance in OFETs and thin film morphologies. Additionally, the molecular structures of DSpDSTQ are determined through density functional theory (DFT) calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The results reveal the presence of intramolecular S (alkyl)···Se (selenophene) interactions, which result in a planar SR-containing DSpDSTQ core, thereby promoting extended π-orbital interactions and efficient charge transport in the OFETs. Moreover, the influence of thioalkyl side chain length on surface morphologies and microstructures is investigated. Remarkably, the compound with the shortest thioalkyl chain, DSpDSTQ-6, demonstrates ambipolar carrier transport with the highest electron and hole mobilities of 0.334 and 0.463 cm2 V-1 s-1 , respectively. These findings highlight the excellence of ambipolar characteristics of solution-processable OFETs based on DSpDSTQs even under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulmozhi Velusamy
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic ModulesNational Central UniversityTaoyuan32001Taiwan
| | - Yen‐Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei10617Taiwan
| | - Meng‐Hao Lin
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei10617Taiwan
| | - Shakil N. Afraj
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic ModulesNational Central UniversityTaoyuan32001Taiwan
| | - Jia‐Hao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic ModulesNational Central UniversityTaoyuan32001Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Chou Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center of New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic ModulesNational Central UniversityTaoyuan32001Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei10617Taiwan
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2
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Gao C, Ni Z, Zhang X, Hu W, Dong H. Recent advances in n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors and their multi-functional applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1331-1381. [PMID: 36723084 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00720g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have received broad attention and research interest due to their unique integration of semiconducting properties with structural tunability, intrinsic flexibiltiy and low cost. In order to meet the requirements of organic electronic devices and their integrated circuits, p-type, n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors are all necessary. However, due to the limitation in both material synthesis and device fabrication, the development of n-type and ambipolar materials is quite behind that of p-type materials. Recent development in synthetic methods of organic semiconductors greatly enriches the range of n-type and ambipolar materials. Moreover, the newly developed materials with multiple functions also put forward multi-functional device applications, including some emerging research areas. In this review, we give a timely summary on these impressive advances in n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors with a special focus on their synthesis methods and advanced materials with enhanced properties of charge carrier mobility, integration of high mobility and strong emission and thermoelectric properties. Finally, multi-functional device applications are further demonstrated as an example of these developed n-type and ambipolar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongshuai Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Can Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhenjie Ni
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China.,Department of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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3
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Wiesner T, Wu Z, Han J, Ji L, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Moos M, Lambert C, Braunschweig H, Rudin B, Reiss H, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Dreuw A, Marder TB, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. The Radical Anion, Dianion and Electron Transport Properties of Tetraiodotetraazapentacene. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201919. [PMID: 35916326 PMCID: PMC10092590 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tetraiodotetraazapentacene I4 TAP, the last missing derivative in the series of halogenated silylated tetraazapentacenes, was synthesized via condensation chemistry from a TIPS-ethynylated diaminobenzothiadiazol in three steps. Single and double reduction furnished its air-stable monoanion and relatively air-stable dianion, both of which were characterized by crystallography. All three species are structurally and spectroscopically compared to non-halogenated TAP and Br4 TAP. I4 TAP is an n-channel material in thin-film transistors with average electron mobilities exceeding 1 cm2 (Vs)-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wiesner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhu Wu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jie Han
- Interdisziplinares Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Present Adress: State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ji
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Rudin
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hilmar Reiss
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinares Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Wesp T, Bruckhoff T, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Peri-Decoration of a Tetraazaperylene with Urea Units: Chiral Octaazaperopyrenedioxides (OAPPDOs) and Their Optical and Chiroptical Properties. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201706. [PMID: 35758597 PMCID: PMC9796452 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Octaazaperopyrenedioxides (OAPPDOs) are a new class of fluorescent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on a tetraazaperylene core that is formally condensed with N-substituted urea units in the two opposite peri positions. Here, we report the synthesis of series of substituted OAPPDO derivatives with different N-substitution patterns (H, alkyl, benzyl) in the peri positions, including bay-chlorinated OAPPDOs. Starting from the latter, a series of bay-arylated OAPPDOs was synthesized by Suzuki cross coupling, which resulted in the formation of helically chiral OAPPDO derivatives. The electrochemical and photophysical properties were investigated by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry. The P and M enantiomers of a phenylated OAPPDO were separated by semipreparative HPLC and further analyzed by CD spectroscopy. The frontier orbital energies, the mechanism of the isomerization, the electronic excitation and the CD spectrum (TD-DFT) were computed and compared to the experimental data. The reversible 1e- oxidation of the OAPPDOs generates the corresponding radical cations, one of which was characterized by EPR spectroscopy. The reversible oxidation process was also systematically investigated by spectro-electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wesp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Tim Bruckhoff
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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5
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Wesp T, Bruckhoff T, Petry J, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Towards Nitrogen‐Rich N‐Heteropolycycles: Synthesis of Octaazaperopyrenes (OAPP). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200129. [PMID: 35137989 PMCID: PMC9306853 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ortho substituted octaazaperopyrenes (OAPPs) are a new class of functional dyes characterized by their strong electron‐accepting behavior. Herein, the synthesis, as well as the electrochemical and photo physical properties of an OAPP dye, is reported. The OAPP target was prepared via selective nucleophilic substitution at the peri position of a bay chlorinated tetraazaperylene by introduction of four amino‐substituents. The resulting tetraminoperylene was reacted with different acyl chlorides and anhydrides to give the twisted bay chlorinated OAPP derivatives which were isolated in their reduced dihydro‐form. The OAPP target could be obtained via a palladium catalyzed dehalogenation and a subsequent oxidation. The eightfold isosteric [CH→N] replacement within the peropyrene core structure results in a large decrease of the frontier orbital energies, rendering the target compound a potent oxidant while preserving the planarity of the aromatic core. The radical anion was obtained by reduction of the OAPP with KC8 and characterized by EPR spectroscopy. A general discussion of the number and location of [CH→N] replacements in peropyrene structures and their frontier orbital energies is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wesp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Tim Bruckhoff
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Julian Petry
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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6
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Stein A, Rolf D, Lotze C, Feldmann S, Gerbert D, Günther B, Jeindl A, Cartus JJ, Hofmann OT, Gade LH, Franke KJ, Tegeder P. Electronic Properties of Tetraazaperopyrene Derivatives on Au(111): Energy-Level Alignment and Interfacial Band Formation. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:19969-19979. [PMID: 34557263 PMCID: PMC8450938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c04217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
N-heteropolycyclic aromatic compounds are promising organic electron-transporting semiconductors for applications in field-effect transistors. Here, we investigated the electronic properties of 1,3,8,10-tetraazaperopyrene derivatives adsorbed on Au(111) using a complementary experimental approach, namely, scanning tunneling spectroscopy and two-photon photoemission combined with state-of-the-art density functional theory. We find signatures of weak physisorption of the molecular layers, such as the absence of charge transfer, a nearly unperturbed surface state, and an intact herringbone reconstruction underneath the molecular layer. Interestingly, molecular states in the energy region of the sp- and d-bands of the Au(111) substrate exhibit hole-like dispersive character. We ascribe this band character to hybridization with the delocalized states of the substrate. We suggest that such bands, which leave the molecular frontier orbitals largely unperturbed, are a promising lead for the design of organic-metal interfaces with a low charge injection barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Stein
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Rolf
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Lotze
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Feldmann
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Gerbert
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Günther
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jeindl
- Technische
Universität Graz, Institut für Festkörperphysik, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes J. Cartus
- Technische
Universität Graz, Institut für Festkörperphysik, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver T. Hofmann
- Technische
Universität Graz, Institut für Festkörperphysik, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina J. Franke
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Tegeder
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Baal E, Klein M, Harms K, Sundermeyer J. 2,9-Diazadibenzoperylene and 2,9-Dimethyldibenzoperylene-1,3,8,10-tetratriflates: Key to Functionalized 2,9-Diazaperopyrenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:12610-12618. [PMID: 34180559 PMCID: PMC8456801 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of 2,9-diaza-1,3,8,10-tetratriflato-dibenzoperylene (DDP 3 a) and corresponding 2,9-dimethyl-1,3,8,10-tetratriflato-dibenzoperylene (DBP 3 b) has been developed at multigram scale via reduction of one of the industrially most important high-performance dyes, perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI), and of the corresponding dihydroxy peropyrenequinone precursor. The focus of this paper is on the reactivity pattern of 3 a as key intermediate towards highly functionalized 2,9-diazadibenzopyrelenes (DDPs) obtained via catalytic substitution of four triflate by aryl, heteroaryl, alkynyl, aminyl, and O-phosphanyl substituents. The influence of electron-donating substituents (OSiMe3 , OPt-Bu2 , N-piperidinyl), electron-withdrawing (OTf, 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl), and of electron-rich π-conjugated (2-thienyl, 4-tert-butylphenyl, trimethylsilyl-ethynyl) substituents on optoelectronic and structural properties of these functionalized DDPs has been investigated via XRD analyses, UV/Vis, PL spectroscopy, and by electroanalytical CV. These results were correlated to results of DFT and TD-DFT calculations. Thus, functionalized DPPs with easily tunable HOMO and LUMO energies and gap became available via a new and reliable synthetic strategy starting from readily available PTCDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Baal
- Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences CenterPhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Marius Klein
- Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences CenterPhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Klaus Harms
- Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences CenterPhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435032MarburgGermany
| | - Jörg Sundermeyer
- Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences CenterPhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435032MarburgGermany
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8
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Kadu R, Savani C, Roy H, Soni P, Singh AK, Vennapu DR, Singh VK. Impact of N-substituents on crystal packing of N-alkyl-N′-tosylpiperazines and development of new polymorph of tosylbis(2-(tosyloxy)ethyl)amine: Synthesis, DFT, photophysical, cytotoxic property. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Geiger M, Hagel M, Reindl T, Weis J, Weitz RT, Solodenko H, Schmitz G, Zschieschang U, Klauk H, Acharya R. Optimizing the plasma oxidation of aluminum gate electrodes for ultrathin gate oxides in organic transistors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6382. [PMID: 33737629 PMCID: PMC7973517 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical requirement for the application of organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) in mobile or wearable applications is low-voltage operation, which can be achieved by employing ultrathin, high-capacitance gate dielectrics. One option is a hybrid dielectric composed of a thin film of aluminum oxide and a molecular self-assembled monolayer in which the aluminum oxide is formed by exposure of the surface of the aluminum gate electrode to a radio-frequency-generated oxygen plasma. This work investigates how the properties of such dielectrics are affected by the plasma power and the duration of the plasma exposure. For various combinations of plasma power and duration, the thickness and the capacitance of the dielectrics, the leakage-current density through the dielectrics, and the current-voltage characteristics of organic TFTs in which these dielectrics serve as the gate insulator have been evaluated. The influence of the plasma parameters on the surface properties of the dielectrics, the thin-film morphology of the vacuum-deposited organic-semiconductor films, and the resulting TFT characteristics has also been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Geiger
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Marion Hagel
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Reindl
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weis
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - R Thomas Weitz
- The 1st Physical Institute, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, München, Germany
| | - Helena Solodenko
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Guido Schmitz
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rachana Acharya
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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10
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Sakurai T, Nakazato T, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Peripherally Arylated 2,8-Diazaperylenes from Anthracene Diimide: Synthesis and Oxidative Annulation. Org Lett 2021; 23:2099-2103. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sakurai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakazato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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11
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Stein A, Rolf D, Lotze C, Günther B, Gade LH, Franke KJ, Tegeder P. Band Formation at Interfaces Between N-Heteropolycycles and Gold Electrodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:947-951. [PMID: 33440118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient charge injection at organic semiconductor/metal interfaces is crucial for the performance of organic field effect transistors. Interfacial hybrid band formation between electronic states of the organic compound and the metal electrode facilitates effective charge injection. Here, we show that a long-range ordered monolayer of a flat-lying N-heteropolycyclic aromatic compound on Au(111) leads to dispersing occupied and unoccupied interfacial hybrid bands. Using angle-resolved two-photon photoemission we determine their energy level alignment and dispersion relations. We suggest that band formation proceeds via hybridization of a localized occupied molecular state with the d-bands of the Au substrate, where the large effective mass of the d-bands is significantly reduced in the hybrid band. Hybridization of an unoccupied molecular state with the Au sp-band leads to a band with an even smaller effective mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Stein
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Rolf
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Physik, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Lotze
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Physik, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Günther
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina J Franke
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Physik, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Tegeder
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Wollscheid N, Günther B, Rao VJ, Berger FJ, Lustres JLP, Motzkus M, Zaumseil J, Gade LH, Höfener S, Buckup T. Ultrafast Singlet Fission and Intersystem Crossing in Halogenated Tetraazaperopyrenes. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7857-7868. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Wollscheid
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Günther
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vaishnavi J. Rao
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix J. Berger
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Luis Pérez Lustres
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Motzkus
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Zaumseil
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 6980, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tiago Buckup
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Liu J, Hättig C, Höfener S. Analytical nuclear gradients for electron-attached and electron-detached states for the second-order algebraic diagrammatic construction scheme combined with frozen-density embedding. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:174109. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0002851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 6980, D-76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christof Hättig
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 6980, D-76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
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14
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Nakazato T, Matsuda W, Sakurai T, Seki S, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Synthesis and Crystal Packing Structures of 2,7-Diazapyrenes with Various Alkyl Groups at 1,3,6,8-Positions. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakazato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Wakana Matsuda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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15
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Günther BAR, Höfener S, Eichelmann R, Zschieschang U, Wadepohl H, Klauk H, Gade LH. Perhalogenated Tetraazaperopyrenes and Their Corresponding Mono- and Dianions. Org Lett 2020; 22:2298-2302. [PMID: 32118454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chlorination and bromination of 2,9-perfluoropropyl-substituted tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPPs) under forcing conditions resulted in fully core-halogenated TAPP derivatives, devoid of hydrogen atoms at the polycyclic aromatic core. The octahalogenation stabilized the reduced mono- and dianionic compounds sufficiently to allow for their characterization. The additional ortho-chlorination led to an improvement of the electron mobility compared to the bay-substituted tetrachloro-TAPP when employed as an n-channel semiconductor in thin-film transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A R Günther
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Robert Eichelmann
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Verbitskiy EV, Dinastiya EM, Eltsov OS, Zhilina EF, Schepochkin AV, Rusinov GL, Chupakhin ON, Charushin VN. Assembly of annulated 1,3-diazapyrenes by consecutive cross-coupling and cyclodehydrogenation of (het)arene moieties. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Verma SK, Savani C, Singh VK. Synthesis, Photophysical, Thermal and Crystallographic Studies of 3‐Aminocoumarin Based Monobasic
κ
3
‐O,N,O‐
tridentate
/ κ
2
‐
N,O‐
bidentate Schiff Base Divalent Complexes. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Verma
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara- 390 002 India
| | - Chirag Savani
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara- 390 002 India
| | - Vinay K. Singh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara- 390 002 India
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18
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Günther BAR, Höfener S, Zschieschang U, Wadepohl H, Klauk H, Gade LH. Twisting the TAPPs: Bay-Substituted Non-planar Tetraazapero-pyrenes and their Reduced Anions. Chemistry 2019; 25:14669-14678. [PMID: 31529719 PMCID: PMC7687186 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A new synthesis of tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPPs) starting from a halogenated perylene derivative 3,4,9,10- tetrabromo-1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene (1) gave access to bay-substituted TAPPs for the first time. Selective lithiation of the bromine-positions and subsequent addition of tosyl azide led to the formation of the tetraazidotetrachloroperylene (2), which was subsequently reduced by addition of sodium borohydride to the corresponding tetraaminotetrachloroperylene (3). Oxidation to its semiquinoidal form 4 and subsequent cyclization with acid chlorides gave rise to a series of bay-chlorinated TAPPs. Whereas the aromatic core of the previously studied ortho-substituted TAPPs was found to be planar, the steric pressure of the two chlorine substituents on each side leads to the twist of the peropyrene core of approximately 30 degrees, a structural feature also observed in other bay-substituted perylene derivatives. An experimental and computational analysis reveals that introducing chloride substituents at these positions leads to slightly increased electron affinities (EA) enabling the selective generation and characterization of the reduced mono-anionic radicals and closed shell di-anionic species. These anions were isolated and characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy and EPR or NMR, respectively. Processing of the bay-chlorinated TAPPs in n-channel organic TFTs revealed electron mobilities of 0.001 to 0.003 cm2 V-1 s-1 . These reduced electron mobilities compared to the ortho-halogenated TAPPs are thought to be rooted in the less densely packed solid-state structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. R. Günther
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) P.O. Box 698076049KarlsruheGermany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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19
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Höfener S, Günther BAR, Harding ME, Gade LH. Understanding UV–Vis Spectra of Halogenated Tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPPs): A Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3160-3169. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 6980, D-76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Benjamin A. R. Günther
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael E. Harding
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 6980, D-76049 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Aksenov AV, Shcherbakov SV, Lobach IV, Voskressensky LG, Rubin M. Synthesis of 7-Bromo-1,3-diazapyrenes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Stanisvlav V. Shcherbakov
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Irina V. Lobach
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Leonid G. Voskressensky
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St. 117198 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kansas; 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr. 66045-7582 Lawrence KS USA
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21
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Almeida S, Marti R, Vanoli E, Abele S, Tortoioli S. One-Pot Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Quinazolin-4(3H)-ones with Trifluoroacetic Acid as CF3 Source. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5104-5113. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Almeida
- Chemical Development, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Hegenheimermattweg 91, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- HES-SO, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Haute Ecole d’Ingénierie et d’Architecture Fribourg, Institute of Chemical Technology, Boulevard de Pérolles 80, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Roger Marti
- HES-SO, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Haute Ecole d’Ingénierie et d’Architecture Fribourg, Institute of Chemical Technology, Boulevard de Pérolles 80, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ennio Vanoli
- HES-SO, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Haute Ecole d’Ingénierie et d’Architecture Fribourg, Institute of Chemical Technology, Boulevard de Pérolles 80, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Abele
- Chemical Development, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Hegenheimermattweg 91, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Simone Tortoioli
- Chemical Development, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Hegenheimermattweg 91, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
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22
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Hahn L, Hermannsdorfer A, Günther B, Wesp T, Bühler B, Zschieschang U, Wadepohl H, Klauk H, Gade LH. (Oligo-)Thiophene Functionalized Tetraazaperopyrenes: Donor–Acceptor Dyes and Ambipolar Organic Semiconductors. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12492-12502. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hahn
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - André Hermannsdorfer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Günther
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Wesp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bastian Bühler
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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23
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Müller M, Beglaryan SS, Koser S, Hahn S, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Bunz UHF. Dicyano-Substituted Diazaacenes. Chemistry 2017; 23:7066-7073. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Stella S. Beglaryan
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Silke Koser
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sebastian Hahn
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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24
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Aksenov AV, Shcherbakov SV, Lobach IV, Aksenova IV, Rubin M. Pyrimidines as Surrogates for 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds inperiAnnulation of Perimidines en Route to 1,3-Diazapyrenes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Stanisvlav V. Shcherbakov
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Irina V. Lobach
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Inna V. Aksenova
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry; North Caucasus Federal University; 1a Pushkin St. 355009 Stavropol Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kansas; 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr. 66045-7582 Lawrence KS USA
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25
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Biegger P, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Bunz UHF. Synthesis of Triptycene-Substituted Azapentacene and Azahexacene Derivatives. Chemistry 2016; 22:16315-16322. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Biegger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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26
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Stępień M, Gońka E, Żyła M, Sprutta N. Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds: Synthetic Routes, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 117:3479-3716. [PMID: 27258218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 868] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensionally extended, polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules (heterocyclic nanographenes) are a highly versatile class of organic materials, applicable as functional chromophores and organic semiconductors. In this Review, we discuss the rich chemistry of large heteroaromatics, focusing on their synthesis, electronic properties, and applications in materials science. This Review summarizes the historical development and current state of the art in this rapidly expanding field of research, which has become one of the key exploration areas of modern heterocyclic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gońka
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marika Żyła
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natasza Sprutta
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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27
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Hahn L, Buurma NJ, Gade LH. A Water-Soluble Tetraazaperopyrene Dye as Strong G-Quadruplex DNA Binder. Chemistry 2016; 22:6314-22. [PMID: 26997208 PMCID: PMC5071672 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The interactions of the water-soluble tetraazaperopyrene dye 1 with ct-DNA, duplex-[(dAdT)12 ⋅(dAdT)12 ], duplex-[(dGdC)12 ⋅(dGdC)12 ] as well as with two G-quadruplex-forming sequences, namely the human telomeric 22AG and the promotor sequence c-myc, were investigated by means of UV/visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and molecular docking studies. Dye 1 exhibits a high affinity for G-quadruplex structures over duplex DNA structures. Furthermore, the ligand shows promising G-quadruplex discrimination, with an affinity towards c-myc of 2×10(7) m(-1) (i.e., Kd =50 nm), which is higher than for 22AG (4×10(6) m(-1) ). The ITC data reveal that compound 1 interacts with c-myc in a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 but also indicate the presence of two identical lower affinity secondary binding sites per quadruplex. In 22AG, there are two high affinity binding sites per quadruplex, that is, one on each side, with a further four weaker binding sites. For both quadruplex structures, the high affinity interactions between compound 1 and the quadruplex-forming nucleic acid structures are weakly endothermic. Molecular docking studies suggest an end-stacking binding mode for compound 1 interacting with quadruplex structures, and a higher affinity for the parallel conformation of c-myc than for the mixed-hybrid conformation of 22AG. In addition, docking studies also suggest that the reduced affinity for duplex DNA structures is due to the non-viability of an intercalative binding mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hahn
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany), Fax
| | - Niklaas J Buurma
- Physical Organic Chemistry Centre, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK), Fax.
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany), Fax.
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28
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Langbein S, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Arylmercapto Substituted Tetraazaperopyrene Derivatives and Their Oxidation to Tetrasulfones: Photophysics and Electrochemistry. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12620-6. [PMID: 26517428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fourfold arylmercapto substituted tetraazaperopyrene (TAPP) derivatives were obtained by direct nucleophilic substitution of the tetrabrominated TAPP or via Cu-catalyzed S-C coupling. These new materials display a characteristic bathochromic shift of their visible absorption and emission bands by ca. 200 nm compared to the unsubstituted parent compound. Two of the sulfide derivatives were oxidized with periodate to give their corresponding sulfones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Langbein
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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29
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Hahn L, Maass F, Bleith T, Zschieschang U, Wadepohl H, Klauk H, Tegeder P, Gade LH. Core Halogenation as a Construction Principle in Tuning the Material Properties of Tetraazaperopyrenes. Chemistry 2015; 21:17691-700. [PMID: 26507207 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A detailed study on the effects of core halogenation of tetraazaperopyrene (TAPP) derivatives is presented. Its impact on the solid structure, as well as the photophysical and electrochemical properties, has been probed by the means of X-ray crystallography, UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and DFT modeling. The aim was to assess the potential of this approach as a construction principle for organic electron-conducting materials of the type studied in this work. Although halogenation leads to a stabilization of the LUMOs compared to the unsubstituted parent compound, the nature of the halide barely affects the LUMO energy while strongly influencing the HOMO energies. In terms of band-gap engineering, it was demonstrated that the HOMO-LUMO gap is decreased by substitution of the TAPP core with halides, the effect being found to be most pronounced for the iodinated derivative. The performance of the recently reported core-fluorinated and core-iodinated TAPP derivatives in organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) was investigated on both a glass substrate, as well as on a flexible plastic substrate (PEN). Field-effect mobilities of up to 0.17 cm(2) Vs(-1) and on/off current ratio of >10(6) were established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hahn
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221545609
| | - Friedrich Maass
- Physikalisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Tim Bleith
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221545609
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany)
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221545609
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany)
| | - Petra Tegeder
- Physikalisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221545609.
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30
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Verma SK, Singh VK. Synthesis and characterization of ferrocene functionalized transition metal dithiocarbamate complexes: Investigations of antimicrobial, electrochemical properties and a new polymorphic form of [Cu{κ2S,S–S2CN(CH2C4H3O)CH2Fc}2]. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Hahn L, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Tetralithiated tetraazaperopyrene as a key intermediate for the synthesis of functionalized derivatives. Org Lett 2015; 17:2266-9. [PMID: 25901532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic approach to core-functionalized tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPP) is reported. In-situ reaction of 4-fold lithiated TAPP with electrophiles results in the formation of various unprecedented TAPP derivatives, which are highly emissive fluorophores, show promising photophysical and electrochemical properties and act as valuable starting materials. Thus, lithiation of the TAPP core opens up a facile way for developing new organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hahn
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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32
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Shi Y, Wei H, Liu Y. Different electronic and charge-transport properties of four organic semiconductors Tetraazaperopyrenes derivatives. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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33
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Aksenov AV, Magamadova MH, Lobach DA, Aksenova IV, Malikova IV, Rubin M. peri Annelation of Perimidines in Reactions with 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds*. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-014-1592-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Wang YF, Lonca GH, Le Runigo M, Chiba S. Synthesis of Polyfluoroalkyl Aza-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Enabled by Addition of Perfluoroalkyl Radicals onto Vinyl Azides. Org Lett 2014; 16:4272-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501997n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Wang
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Geoffroy Hervé Lonca
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Maïwenn Le Runigo
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Shunsuke Chiba
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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35
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Singh VK, Kadu R, Roy H. 4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl ether derivatives: Synthesis, spectral, optical, thermal characterization and in-vitro cytotoxicity against Hep 3B and IMR 32 human cell lines. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:552-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Hahn L, Öz S, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Highly emissive water-soluble tetraazaperopyrenes as fluorescent markers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:4941-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01254b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of highly fluorescent water-soluble tetraazaperopyrene (TAPP) derivatives is reported; these act as fluorescent markers for cell nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hahn
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut
- Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simin Öz
- Division of Epigenetics
- DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance
- German Cancer Research Center
- Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut
- Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut
- Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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37
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Zhao J, Wong JI, Gao J, Li G, Xing G, Zhang H, Sum TC, Yang HY, Zhao Y, Ake Kjelleberg SL, Huang W, Joachim Loo SC, Zhang Q. Larger π-extended anti-/syn-aroylenediimidazole polyaromatic compounds: synthesis, physical properties, self-assembly, and quasi-linear conjugation effect. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Four polyaromatic compounds with 11- or 13-fused rings have been synthesized and their physical properties have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Advanced Materials
- Nanjing University of Technology
| | - Jen It Wong
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development
- Singapore University of Technology and Design
- Singapore 138682, Singapore
| | - Junkuo Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Gang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Guichuan Xing
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huacheng Zhang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Ying Yang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development
- Singapore University of Technology and Design
- Singapore 138682, Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore, Singapore
| | - Staffan Lars Ake Kjelleberg
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE)
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials
- Nanjing University of Technology
- Nanjing, China
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE)
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE)
- Nanyang Technological University
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38
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39
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Cai Z, Zhang H, Geng H, Liu Z, Yang S, Luo H, Jiang L, Peng Q, Zhang G, Chen J, Yi Y, Hu W, Zhang D. Thiepin-Fused Heteroacenes: Simple Synthesis, Unusual Structure, and Semiconductors with Less Anisotropic Behavior. Chemistry 2013; 19:14573-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Geib S, Martens SC, Märken M, Rybina A, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Tuning Redox Chemistry and Photophysics in Core-Substituted Tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPPs). Chemistry 2013; 19:13811-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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41
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Kola S, Kim JH, Ireland R, Yeh ML, Smith K, Guo W, Katz HE. Pyromellitic Diimide-Ethynylene-Based Homopolymer Film as an N-Channel Organic Field-Effect Transistor Semiconductor. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:664-669. [PMID: 35606950 DOI: 10.1021/mz400164s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of two solution-processable pyromellitic diimide (PyDI)-acetylene-based conjugated homopolymers. Adjacent PyDI cores were connected with triple bond linkages by reacting 3,6-dibromo-N,N'-dialkyl pyromellitic diimides with bis(tributylstannyl)acetylene under Stille coupling conditions. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that these polymers have sufficient electron affinity to accept electrons. Absorption spectra revealed that one polymer, with a simple octyl chain, has greater intermolecular interaction or conjugation after forming a thin film, and that film exhibited electron transport in top-gate bottom-contact mode organic field-effect transistor (OFET) devices. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results show that the octyl polymer is amorphous on the bulk scale. The polymer exhibited electron mobility of about 2 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 with on/off ratio of 103 and is the simplest n-channel polymer yet reported. A 4-trifluoromethylphenethyl side chain did not result in measurable electron mobility. The octyl polymer exhibited negative Seebeck coefficient on the order of -40 μV/K in thermoelectric devices, further substantiating its n-channel activity. The demonstration of electron transport from such a simple polymer has opened a new path for obtaining n-channel semiconducting activity from polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Yongdang-Dong, Nam-Gu,
Busan 608-739, Korea
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42
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Martens SC, Hahn L, Lombeck F, Rybina A, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Annulated Heterocyclic Derivatives of 1,3,6,8-Tetraazapyrene. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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43
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Bunz UHF, Engelhart JU, Lindner BD, Schaffroth M. Große N-Heteroacene: ein alter Hut mit neuen Federn? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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44
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Bunz UHF, Engelhart JU, Lindner BD, Schaffroth M. Large N-Heteroacenes: New Tricks for Very Old Dogs? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3810-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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45
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Effect of substituents on crystal packing of functionalized 4,4′-bis(benzylideneamino)diphenyl ether(s) and their reduced benzyl forms: Synthesis, characterization, optical and thermal properties. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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46
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Yun J, Cho K, Kim S. Dynamic electrical characteristics of low-power ring oscillators constructed with inorganic nanoparticles on flexible plastics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:5839-5843. [PMID: 23062377 DOI: 10.1021/am301483u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate for the first time the low-power and stable performance of a ring oscillator constructed on a flexible plastic with solution-processable inorganic nanoparticles (NPs). Our flexible ring oscillator is composed of three inverters based on n- and p-type inorganic NP thin-film transistors. Each of the component inverters exhibits a gain of ∼80 at a voltage of 5 V. For the ring oscillator, the sine waves are generated with a frequency of up to 12 kHz. The waveforms are undistorted under strained conditions and maintained even after 5000 bending cycles. The frequency and waveform of the output waves obtained from our flexible ring oscillator are analyzed and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junggwon Yun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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47
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Geib S, Martens SC, Zschieschang U, Lombeck F, Wadepohl H, Klauk H, Gade LH. 1,3,6,8-Tetraazapyrenes: Synthesis, Solid-State Structures, and Properties as Redox-Active Materials. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6107-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300894p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Geib
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne C. Martens
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Florian Lombeck
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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48
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Martens SC, Riehm T, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Tetra‐
N
‐silylated Bis(borylene)tetraaminoperylenes (“DIBOTAPs”): Synthesis, Structures and Photophysics. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne C. Martens
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Riehm
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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49
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Meng Q, Hu W. Recent progress of n-type organic semiconducting small molecules for organic field-effect transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14152-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41664f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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50
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Sun H, Putta A, Kloster JP, Tottempudi UK. Unexpected photostability improvement of aromatics in polyfluorinated solvents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:12085-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35591d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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