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Sanchez Merlinsky L, Hemmeter D, Baraldo LM, Maier F, Steinrück HP, Williams FJ. Unlocking the Fluorine-Free Buoy Effect: Surface-Enriched Ruthenium Polypyridine Complexes in Ionic Liquids. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202400092. [PMID: 38687137 PMCID: PMC11230926 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlling the local concentration of metal complexes at the surface of ionic liquids (ILs) is a highly sought-after objective due to its pivotal implications in supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysis. Equally important is to avoid per- and polyfluorinated substances due to environmental concerns. Herein, we investigate the surface enrichment of Ru polypyridyl complexes with fluorine-free alkylic side groups of varying lengths and shapes, using the hydrophilic IL [C2C1Im][OAc] as solvent. Additional charged carboxylate groups are included into the polypyridyl ligands to increase the solubility of the complex in the IL. When the ligand system is functionalized with long and hydrophobic alkyl side chains, the complex predominantly localizes at the IL/vacuum interface, as deduced from angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Conversely, in the presence of short or more bulky substituents, no surface enrichment is observed. This buoy-like behaviour with fluorine-free side groups is explored for 0.05 %mol to 1 %mol solutions. Intriguingly, surface saturation occurs at approximately 0.5 %mol, which is beneficial to the efficient operation of catalytic systems featuring high surface areas, such as SILP catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Sanchez Merlinsky
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Hemmeter
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luis M Baraldo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florian Maier
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Steinrück
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Federico J Williams
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2
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Dupont J, Leal BC, Lozano P, Monteiro AL, Migowski P, Scholten JD. Ionic Liquids in Metal, Photo-, Electro-, and (Bio) Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5227-5420. [PMID: 38661578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them advantageous for catalysis, such as low vapor pressure, non-flammability, high thermal and chemical stabilities, and the ability to enhance the activity and stability of (bio)catalysts. ILs can improve the efficiency, selectivity, and sustainability of bio(transformations) by acting as activators of enzymes, selectively dissolving substrates and products, and reducing toxicity. They can also be recycled and reused multiple times without losing their effectiveness. ILs based on imidazolium cation are preferred for structural organization aspects, with a semiorganized layer surrounding the catalyst. ILs act as a container, providing a confined space that allows modulation of electronic and geometric effects, miscibility of reactants and products, and residence time of species. ILs can stabilize ionic and radical species and control the catalytic activity of dynamic processes. Supported IL phase (SILP) derivatives and polymeric ILs (PILs) are good options for molecular engineering of greener catalytic processes. The major factors governing metal, photo-, electro-, and biocatalysts in ILs are discussed in detail based on the vast literature available over the past two and a half decades. Catalytic reactions, ranging from hydrogenation and cross-coupling to oxidations, promoted by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in both single and multiphase conditions, are extensively reviewed and discussed considering the knowledge accumulated until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairton Dupont
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, P.O. Box 4021, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Bárbara C Leal
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Pedro Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, P.O. Box 4021, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adriano L Monteiro
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Pedro Migowski
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Jackson D Scholten
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
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3
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Mikšovsky P, Rauchenwald K, Naghdi S, Rabl H, Eder D, Konegger T, Bica-Schröder K. Silicon Oxycarbide (SiOC)-Supported Ionic Liquids: Heterogeneous Catalysts for Cyclic Carbonate Formation. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2024; 12:1455-1467. [PMID: 38303909 PMCID: PMC10829049 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Silicon oxycarbides (SiOCs) impregnated with tetrabutylammonium halides (TBAX) were investigated as an alternative to silica-based supported ionic liquid phases for the production of bio-based cyclic carbonates derived from limonene and linseed oil. The support materials and the supported ionic liquid phases (SILPs) were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, microscopy, and solvent adsorption. The silicon oxycarbide supports were pyrolyzed at 300-900 °C prior to being coated with different tetrabutylammonium halides and further used as heterogeneous catalysts for the formation of cyclic carbonates in batch mode. Excellent selectivities of 97-100% and yields of 53-62% were obtained with tetrabutylammonium chloride supported on the silicon oxycarbides. For comparison, the catalytic performance of commonly employed silica-supported ionic liquids was investigated under the same conditions. The silica-supported species triggered the formation of a diol as a byproduct, leading to a lower selectivity of 87% and a lower yield of 48%. Ultimately, macroporous monolithic SiOC-SILPs with suitable permeability characteristics (k1 = 10-11 m2) were produced via photopolymerization-assisted solidification templating and applied for the selective and continuous production of limonene carbonate with supercritical carbon dioxide as the reagent and sole solvent. Constant product output over 48 h without concurrent catalyst leaching was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mikšovsky
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Rauchenwald
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shaghayegh Naghdi
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannah Rabl
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Eder
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Konegger
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Stagel K, Pálvölgyi ÁM, Delmas C, Schnürch M, Bica‐Schröder K. Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Allylic Alkylation of Amines in Continuous Flow. ChemCatChem 2023; 15:e202300381. [PMID: 38504938 PMCID: PMC10947303 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202300381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
We present the use of Pd-complex-containing supported ionic liquid phases (SILPs) as a novel approach for continuous-flow allylic alkylation of N-nucleophiles. This immobilization strategy gave simple access to air-tolerating catalyst frameworks, providing rapid and convenient access to various achiral and chiral N-allylation products. Under optimized conditions, the flow-reaction could be maintained for 3.5 hours with constant product output; meanwhile, only a marginal 0.7 wt % of ionic liquid leaching and no detectable palladium-complex leaching could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Stagel
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060WienAustria
| | - Ádám Márk Pálvölgyi
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060WienAustria
| | - Clémence Delmas
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060WienAustria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060WienAustria
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Latos P, Wolny A, Chrobok A. Supported Ionic Liquid Phase Catalysts Dedicated for Continuous Flow Synthesis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2106. [PMID: 36903221 PMCID: PMC10004067 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis, although known for over a century, is constantly improved and plays a key role in solving the present problems in chemical technology. Thanks to the development of modern materials engineering, solid supports for catalytic phases having a highly developed surface are available. Recently, continuous-flow synthesis started to be a key technology in the synthesis of high added value chemicals. These processes are more efficient, sustainable, safer and cheaper to operate. The most promising is the use of heterogeneous catalyst with column-type fixed-bed reactors. The advantages of the use of heterogeneous catalyst in continuous flow reactors are the physical separation of product and catalyst, as well as the reduction in inactivation and loss of the catalyst. However, the state-of-the-art use of heterogeneous catalysts in flow systems compared to homogenous ones remains still open. The lifetime of heterogeneous catalysts remains a significant hurdle to realise sustainable flow synthesis. The goal of this review article was to present a state of knowledge concerning the application of Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) catalysts dedicated for continuous flow synthesis.
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6
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Ralbovsky NM, Smith JP. Process analytical technology and its recent applications for asymmetric synthesis. Talanta 2022; 252:123787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Schörner M, Mitländer K, Wolf M, Franke R, Haumann M. Silicon Carbide Supported Liquid Phase (SLP) Hydroformylation Catalysis – Effective Reaction Kinetics from Continuous Gas‐phase Operation. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schörner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Kerstin Mitländer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Moritz Wolf
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Cauerstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Robert Franke
- 3 Evonik Operations GmbH Paul-Baumann-Str. 1 D-45772 Marl Germany
- 4 Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie Universitätsstr. 150 D-44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Marco Haumann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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8
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Scattolin T, Simoens A, Stevens CV, Nolan SP. Flow chemistry of main group and transition metal complexes. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Nepal P, Kalapugama S, Shevlin M, Naber JR, Campeau LC, Pezzetta C, Carlone A, Cobley CJ, Bergens SH. Polycationic Rh–JosiPhos Polymers Supported on Phosphotungstic Acid/Al2O3 by Multiple Electrostatic Attractions. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabin Nepal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Suneth Kalapugama
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Shevlin
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - John R. Naber
- JRN - Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Rd, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Louis-Charles Campeau
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Cristofer Pezzetta
- Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (EU), 410 Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0PE, United Kingdom
| | - Armando Carlone
- Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (EU), 410 Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0PE, United Kingdom
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Christopher J. Cobley
- Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (EU), 410 Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0PE, United Kingdom
| | - Steven H. Bergens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
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10
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Schörner M, Rothgängel P, Mitländer K, Wisser D, Thommes M, Haumann M. Gas‐Phase Hydroformylation Using Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalysts – Influence of Support Texture on Effective Kinetics. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schörner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Philipp Rothgängel
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Kerstin Mitländer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dorothea Wisser
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Matthias Thommes
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Thermische Verfahrenstechnik (TVT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Marco Haumann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT) Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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11
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Alekseev ES, Alentiev AY, Belova AS, Bogdan VI, Bogdan TV, Bystrova AV, Gafarova ER, Golubeva EN, Grebenik EA, Gromov OI, Davankov VA, Zlotin SG, Kiselev MG, Koklin AE, Kononevich YN, Lazhko AE, Lunin VV, Lyubimov SE, Martyanov ON, Mishanin II, Muzafarov AM, Nesterov NS, Nikolaev AY, Oparin RD, Parenago OO, Parenago OP, Pokusaeva YA, Ronova IA, Solovieva AB, Temnikov MN, Timashev PS, Turova OV, Filatova EV, Philippov AA, Chibiryaev AM, Shalygin AS. Supercritical fluids in chemistry. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Liao J, Zhang S, Wang Z, Song X, Zhang D, Kumar R, Jin J, Ren P, You H, Chen FE. Transition-metal catalyzed asymmetric reactions under continuous flow from 2015 to early 2020. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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13
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Saito Y, Kobayashi S. Development of Robust Heterogeneous Chiral Rhodium Catalysts Utilizing Acid-Base and Electrostatic Interactions for Efficient Continuous-Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenations. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16546-16551. [PMID: 32902272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous chiral Rh catalysts based on acid-base and electrostatic interactions have been developed. The robust catalysts demonstrate high activity and selectivity in the continuous-flow asymmetric hydrogenation of a wide variety of enamides and dehydroamino acids, providing optically active amides without leaching of metal species. The chiral environments can be easily tuned by changing the chiral ligands, demonstrating the high versatility of the heterogeneous catalysts. By applying these efficient catalysts, continuous synthesis of several active pharmaceutical ingredient intermediates was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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14
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Yoo WJ, Ishitani H, Saito Y, Laroche B, Kobayashi S. Reworking Organic Synthesis for the Modern Age: Synthetic Strategies Based on Continuous-Flow Addition and Condensation Reactions with Heterogeneous Catalysts. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5132-5145. [PMID: 32069417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
While organic synthesis carried out in most laboratories uses batch methods, there is growing interest in modernizing fine chemical synthesis through continuous-flow processes. As a synthetic method, flow processes have several advantages over batch systems in terms of environmental compatibility, efficiency, and safety, and recent advances have allowed for the synthesis of several complex molecules, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Nevertheless, due to several reasons related to the difficulties arising from byproduct formation during the flow process, such as lower yields, poor selectivities, clogging of columns due to poor solubility, catalyst poisoning, etc., successful examples of continuous-flow synthesis of complex organic molecules are still limited. In order to solve this bottleneck, the development of selective and atom-economical continuous-flow organic transformations are needed. This perspective highlights examples of atom-economical addition and condensation reactions with heterogeneous catalysts under continuous-flow conditions and their applications for the synthesis of complex organic molecules such as natural products and APIs. In order to realize new continuous-flow methodologies, based on addition and condensation reactions, in place of substitution reactions, the development of novel reactions and heterogeneous catalysts is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Yoo
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Benjamin Laroche
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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15
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Abstract
:
The supported ionic liquids have shown immense potential for numerous applications
in catalysis and separation science. In the present review, the remarkable contribution
of supported ionic liquids has been highlighted. The main emphasis has been laid on
describing the facile separation of gas from binary gas mixtures owing to the capability of
selective transport of permeable gases across supported membranes and removal of environmentally
hazard sulfur compounds from fuels. The catalytic action of supported ionic
liquids has been discussed in other applications such as biodiesel (biofuel) synthesis by
transesterification/esterification processes, waste CO2 fixation into advantageous cyclic
carbonates, and various chemical transformations in organic green synthesis. This review
enclosed a maximum of the published data of the last ten years and also recently accomplished
work concerning applications in various research areas like separation sciences, chemical transformations
in organic green synthesis, biofuel synthesis, waste CO2 fixation, and purification of fuels by desulfurization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawanpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal, Sangrur, India
| | - Harish Kumar Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal, Sangrur, India
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16
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Seo CSG, Morris RH. Catalytic Homogeneous Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Successes and Opportunities. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris S. G. Seo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert H. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Wang W, Cui L, Sun P, Shi L, Yue C, Li F. Reusable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Catalysts and Beyond: A Perspective on Recycling Strategies. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9843-9929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Lifeng Cui
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chengtao Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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18
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Sonawane BD, Rashinkar GS, Sonawane KD, Dhanavade MJ, Sonawane VD, Patil SV. Aerosil-Supported Ionic-Liquid-Phase (ASILP) Mediated Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives as AChE Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kailas D. Sonawane
- Department of Microbiology Shivaji University Kolhapur; 416004, M.S. India
| | | | | | - Suresh V. Patil
- Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Mahavidyalaya Pandharpur; 413304, M.S. India
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20
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Geier D, Schmitz P, Walkowiak J, Leitner W, Franciò G. Continuous Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenation with Supported Ionic Liquid Phase Catalysts Using Modified CO2 as the Mobile Phase: from Model Substrate to an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geier
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pascal Schmitz
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Giancarlo Franciò
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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21
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Castro-Amoedo R, Csendes Z, Brünig J, Sauer M, Foelske-Schmitz A, Yigit N, Rupprechter G, Gupta T, Martins AM, Bica K, Hoffmann H, Kirchner K. Carbon-based SILP catalysis for the selective hydrogenation of aldehydes using a well-defined Fe(ii) PNP complex. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00818c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) method was applied for the immobilization of a newly developed, well-defined hydride Fe(ii) PNP pincer complex dissolved an in ionic liquid (IL) onto polymer-based spherical activated carbon.
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22
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Lee C, Sandig B, Buchmeiser MR, Haumann M. Supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) facilitated gas-phase enzyme catalysis – CALB catalyzed transesterification of vinyl propionate. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) technology has been used to immobilize Candida Antarctica Lipase B (CALB) within a hybrid monolith.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhee Lee
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Bernhard Sandig
- Universität Stuttgart
- Institut für Polymerchemie
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | | | - Marco Haumann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
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23
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Jagadale M, Naikwade A, Salunkhe R, Rajmane M, Rashinkar G. An ionic liquid gel: a heterogeneous catalyst for Erlenmeyer–Plochl and Henry reactions. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00367j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Agar gel entrapped [Bmim]OH has been prepared and employed as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of β-nitro alcohols and azlactones.
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24
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25
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Schmitz C, Holthusen K, Leitner W, Franciò G. Bidentate Phosphine-Phosphoramidite Ligands of the BettiPhos Family for Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schmitz
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Katharina Holthusen
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Giancarlo Franciò
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
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26
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Definition of green synthetic tools based on safer reaction media, heterogeneous catalysis, and flow technology. PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2017-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Green/Sustainable Chemistry is the scientific platform where chemists are contributing from different areas to develop modern and efficient processes aimed at minimizing the environmental impact of chemical production. To reach these goals scientists, from both academia and industry, need to strongly focus their fundamental and innovative research towards the application of modern principles of Green Chemistry. In this contribution a description of our efforts in this direction is presented.
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27
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Walter S, Spohr H, Franke R, Hieringer W, Wasserscheid P, Haumann M. Detailed Investigation of the Mechanism of Rh-Diphosphite Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP)-Catalyzed 1-Butene Hydroformylation in the Gas Phase via Combined Kinetic and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Modeling Studies. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Walter
- Lehrstuhl
für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hanna Spohr
- Evonik Technology & Infrastructure GmbH, Paul-Baumann-Str. 1, 45772 Marl, Germany
| | - Robert Franke
- Evonik Performance
Materials GmbH, Paul-Baumann-Str. 1, 45772 Marl, Germany
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Theoretische
Chemie, Universitätsstr.
150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hieringer
- Lehrstuhl
für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl
für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Erlangen
Catalysis Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Haumann
- Lehrstuhl
für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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28
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Weiß A, Giese M, Lijewski M, Franke R, Wasserscheid P, Haumann M. Modification of nitrogen doped carbon for SILP catalyzed hydroformylation of ethylene. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon is a new material for SILP catalysts that show improved performance as function of N-content and surface basicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Weiß
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Matthias Giese
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Martin Lijewski
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Robert Franke
- Evonik Performance Materials GmbH
- 45772 Marl
- Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center
| | - Marco Haumann
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik (CRT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
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29
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Sandig B, Buchmeiser MR. Highly Productive and Enantioselective Enzyme Catalysis under Continuous Supported Liquid-Liquid Conditions Using a Hybrid Monolithic Bioreactor. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2917-2921. [PMID: 27650312 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-containing ionic liquids (ILs) were immobilized in cellulose-2.5-acetate microbeads particles embedded in a porous monolithic polyurethane matrix. This bioreactor was used under continuous liquid-liquid conditions by dissolving the substrates in a nonpolar organic phase immiscible with the ILs, thereby creating a biphasic system. Lipases (candida antarctica lipase B, CALB, candida rugosa lipase, CRL) were used to catalyze the enantioselective transesterification of racemic (R,S)-1-phenylethanol with vinyl butyrate and vinyl acetate, the esterification of (+/-)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol with propionic anhydride and the amidation of (R,S)-1-phenylethylamine with ethyl methoxyacetate. With this unique setup, very high productivities, that is, turnover numbers (TONs) up to 5.1×106 and space-time yields (STYs) up to 28 g product L-1 h-1 , exceeding the corresponding values for batch-type reactions by a factor of 3100 and 40, respectively, were achieved while maintaining or even enhancing enantioselectivity compared to batch reactions via kinetic resolution. To our best knowledge, this is the first continuously operated bioreactor using supported liquid-liquid conditions that shows these features in the synthesis of chiral esters and amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Sandig
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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30
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Amara Z, Poliakoff M, Duque R, Geier D, Franciò G, Gordon CM, Meadows RE, Woodward R, Leitner W. Enabling the Scale-Up of a Key Asymmetric Hydrogenation Step in the Synthesis of an API Using Continuous Flow Solid-Supported Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Amara
- The
School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Poliakoff
- The
School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Rubén Duque
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Geier
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Giancarlo Franciò
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Charles M. Gordon
- Britest Limited, The Heath Business & Technical Park, Runcorn WA7 4QX, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca E. Meadows
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Woodward
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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31
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Selective oxidation of alcohols using ferrocene-labeled Merrifield resin-supported ionic liquid phase catalysts. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Luska KL, Bordet A, Tricard S, Sinev I, Grünert W, Chaudret B, Leitner W. Enhancing the Catalytic Properties of Ruthenium Nanoparticle-SILP Catalysts by Dilution with Iron. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie L. Luska
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexis Bordet
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, Université de Toulouse, LPCNO, INSA, UPS, CNRS-UMR5215, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Tricard
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, Université de Toulouse, LPCNO, INSA, UPS, CNRS-UMR5215, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Ilya Sinev
- Lehrstuhl
für Technische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße
150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Grünert
- Lehrstuhl
für Technische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße
150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, Université de Toulouse, LPCNO, INSA, UPS, CNRS-UMR5215, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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33
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Kurane R, Khanapure S, Kale D, Salunkhe R, Rashinkar G. An expedient synthesis of oxazolones using a cellulose supported ionic liquid phase catalyst. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03873e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cellulose supported ionic liquid phase catalyst has been synthesized and effectively employed as a heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of oxazolones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dolly Kale
- Department of Chemistry
- Shivaji University
- Kolhapur
- India
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34
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35
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Franciò G, Hintermair U, Leitner W. Unlocking the potential of supported liquid phase catalysts with supercritical fluids: low temperature continuous flow catalysis with integrated product separation. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2015; 373:rsta.2015.0005. [PMID: 26574523 PMCID: PMC4650014 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Solution-phase catalysis using molecular transition metal complexes is an extremely powerful tool for chemical synthesis and a key technology for sustainable manufacturing. However, as the reaction complexity and thermal sensitivity of the catalytic system increase, engineering challenges associated with product separation and catalyst recovery can override the value of the product. This persistent downstream issue often renders industrial exploitation of homogeneous catalysis uneconomical despite impressive batch performance of the catalyst. In this regard, continuous-flow systems that allow steady-state homogeneous turnover in a stationary liquid phase while at the same time effecting integrated product separation at mild process temperatures represent a particularly attractive scenario. While continuous-flow processing is a standard procedure for large volume manufacturing, capitalizing on its potential in the realm of the molecular complexity of organic synthesis is still an emerging area that requires innovative solutions. Here we highlight some recent developments which have succeeded in realizing such systems by the combination of near- and supercritical fluids with homogeneous catalysts in supported liquid phases. The cases discussed exemplify how all three levels of continuous-flow homogeneous catalysis (catalyst system, separation strategy, process scheme) must be matched to locate viable process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Franciò
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hintermair
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, Aachen 52074, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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36
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Xie Z, Akien GR, Sarkar BR, Subramaniam B, Chaudhari RV. Continuous Hydroformylation with Phosphine-Functionalized Polydimethylsiloxane Rhodium Complexes as Nanofilterable Homogeneous Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanzhuan Xie
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Geoffrey R. Akien
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Bibhas R. Sarkar
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Raghunath V. Chaudhari
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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37
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Sandig B, Michalek L, Vlahovic S, Antonovici M, Hauer B, Buchmeiser MR. A Monolithic Hybrid Cellulose-2.5-Acetate/Polymer Bioreactor for Biocatalysis under Continuous Liquid-Liquid Conditions Using a Supported Ionic Liquid Phase. Chemistry 2015; 21:15835-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Zeng Y, Wang C, Xu Y, Xu W, Ju S. Structural Properties and Dynamics of Thiophene in Sub/Supercritical Carbon Dioxide from Car–Parrinello Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:8573-82. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Zeng
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yueyang Xu
- Guodian Science and Technology Research Institute, Nanjing, 210031, China
| | - WenLin Xu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Shengui Ju
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University), Nanjing, 211816, China
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39
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Zhang Z, Franciò G, Leitner W. Continuous-Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenation of an Enol Ester by using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Ionic Liquids versus Supported Ionic Liquids as the Catalyst Matrix. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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40
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Gutmann B, Cantillo D, Kappe CO. Continuous-flow technology—a tool for the safe manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6688-728. [PMID: 25989203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 870] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, continuous-flow reactors with channel dimensions in the micro- or millimeter region have found widespread application in organic synthesis. The characteristic properties of these reactors are their exceptionally fast heat and mass transfer. In microstructured devices of this type, virtually instantaneous mixing can be achieved for all but the fastest reactions. Similarly, the accumulation of heat, formation of hot spots, and dangers of thermal runaways can be prevented. As a result of the small reactor volumes, the overall safety of the process is significantly improved, even when harsh reaction conditions are used. Thus, microreactor technology offers a unique way to perform ultrafast, exothermic reactions, and allows the execution of reactions which proceed via highly unstable or even explosive intermediates. This Review discusses recent literature examples of continuous-flow organic synthesis where hazardous reactions or extreme process windows have been employed, with a focus on applications of relevance to the preparation of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Gutmann
- Institute of Chemistry, University Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz (Austria) http://www.maos.net
| | - David Cantillo
- Institute of Chemistry, University Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz (Austria) http://www.maos.net
| | - C Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, University Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz (Austria) http://www.maos.net.
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41
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Gutmann B, Cantillo D, Kappe CO. Kontinuierliche Durchflussverfahren: ein Werkzeug für die sichere Synthese von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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42
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Hammerer T, Leitner W, Franciò G. Synthesis of Phospholane-Phosphoramidite Ligands and their Application in Asymmetric Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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43
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Wang Y, Li D, Lin J, Wei K. Organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes and ketones to nitroalkenes catalyzed by adamantoyl l-prolinamide. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of adamantoyl l-prolinamides have been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Kun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
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44
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Luska KL, Julis J, Stavitski E, Zakharov DN, Adams A, Leitner W. Bifunctional nanoparticle–SILP catalysts (NPs@SILP) for the selective deoxygenation of biomass substrates. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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45
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Pieber B, Glasnov T, Kappe CO. Flash carboxylation: fast lithiation–carboxylation sequence at room temperature in continuous flow. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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46
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Fabry DC, Sugiono E, Rueping M. Self-Optimizing Reactor Systems: Algorithms, On-line Analytics, Setups, and Strategies for Accelerating Continuous Flow Process Optimization. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201300080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Konrad TM, Schmitz P, Leitner W, Franciò G. Highly enantioselective Rh-catalysed hydrogenation of 1-alkyl vinyl esters using phosphine-phosphoramidite ligands. Chemistry 2013; 19:13299-303. [PMID: 24027035 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
MatPhos, a good mate for hard tasks: The asymmetric hydrogenation of 1-alkyl vinyl esters, thwarted so far by mediocre ee values and low activities, can now be achieved with MatPhos/Rh catalysts with ee values of 96-99% for a variety of substrates at low catalyst loadings (0.1-1 mol %) and under mild conditions (5-20 bar H2, room temperature). After hydrolysis, the corresponding chiral secondary alkyl alcohols can be obtained in high enantiopurities providing a general and practical route to this important product class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Maria Konrad
- RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 241-80-22177
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Duque R, Pogorzelec PJ, Cole-Hamilton DJ. A Single Enantiomer (99 %) Directly from Continuous-Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9805-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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A Single Enantiomer (99 %) Directly from Continuous-Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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