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Nartova AV, Kvon RI, Kovtunova LM, Skovpin IV, Koptyug IV, Bukhtiyarov VI. XPS and HR TEM Elucidation of the Diversity of Titania-Supported Single-Site Ir Catalyst Performance in Spin-Selective Propene Hydrogenation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15643. [PMID: 37958626 PMCID: PMC10650017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immobilized [Ir(COD)Cl]2-Linker/TiO2 catalysts with linkers containing Py, P(Ph)2 and N(CH3)2 functional groups were prepared. The catalysts were tested via propene hydrogenation with parahydrogen in a temperature range from 40 °C to 120 °C which was monitored via NMR. The catalytic behavior of [Ir(COD)Cl]2-Linker/TiO2 is explained on the basis of quantitative and qualitative XPS data analysis performed for the catalysts before and after the reaction at 120 °C. It is shown that the temperature dependence of propene conversion and the enhancement of the NMR signal are explained via a combination of the stabilities of both the linker and immobilized [Ir(COD)Cl]2 complex. It is demonstrated that the N(CH3)2-linker is the most stable at the surface of TiO2 under used reaction conditions. As a result, only this sample shows a rise in the enhancement of the NMR signal in the 100-120 °C temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Nartova
- Department of Physical-Chemical Methods of Investigation, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (R.I.K.); (V.I.B.)
| | - Ren I. Kvon
- Department of Physical-Chemical Methods of Investigation, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (R.I.K.); (V.I.B.)
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Department of Physical-Chemical Methods of Investigation, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (R.I.K.); (V.I.B.)
| | - Ivan V. Skovpin
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (I.V.K.)
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia (I.V.K.)
| | - Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov
- Department of Physical-Chemical Methods of Investigation, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (R.I.K.); (V.I.B.)
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2
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Wang Z, Völker LA, Robinson TC, Kaeffer N, Menzildjian G, Jabbour R, Venkatesh A, Gajan D, Rossini AJ, Copéret C, Lesage A. Speciation and Structures in Pt Surface Sites Stabilized by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Revealed by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced Indirectly Detected 195Pt NMR Spectroscopic Signatures and Fingerprint Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21530-21543. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Wang
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN à hauts champs de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
| | - Laura A. Völker
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Thomas C. Robinson
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN à hauts champs de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
| | - Nicolas Kaeffer
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Georges Menzildjian
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN à hauts champs de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
| | - Ribal Jabbour
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN à hauts champs de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
| | - Amrit Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - David Gajan
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN à hauts champs de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Anne Lesage
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN à hauts champs de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
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3
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Jabbour R, Renom-Carrasco M, Chan KW, Völker L, Berruyer P, Wang Z, Widdifield CM, Lelli M, Gajan D, Copéret C, Thieuleux C, Lesage A. Multiple Surface Site Three-Dimensional Structure Determination of a Supported Molecular Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10270-10281. [PMID: 35642739 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The structural characterization of supported molecular catalysts is challenging due to the low density of active sites and the presence of several organic/organometallic surface groups resulting from the often complex surface chemistry associated with support functionalization. Here, we provide a complete atomic-scale description of all surface sites in an N-heterocyclic carbene based on iridium and supported on silica, at all stages of its synthesis. By combining a suitable isotope labeling strategy with the implementation of multinuclear dipolar recoupling DNP-enhanced NMR experiments, the 3D structure of the Ir-NHC sites, as well as that of the synthesis intermediates were determined. As a significant fraction of parent surface fragments does not react during the multistep synthesis, site-selective experiments were implemented to specifically probe proximities between the organometallic groups and the solid support. The NMR-derived structure of the iridium sites points to a well-defined conformation. By interpreting EXAFS spectroscopy and chemical analysis data augmented by computational studies, the presence of two coordination geometries is demonstrated: Ir-NHC fragments coordinated by a 1,5-cyclooctadiene and one Cl ligand, as well as, more surprisingly, a fragment coordinated by two NHC and two Cl ligands. This study demonstrates a unique methodology to disclose individual surface structures in complex, multisite environments, a long-standing challenge in the field of heterogeneous/supported catalysts, while revealing new, unexpected structural features of metallo-NHC-supported substrates. It also highlights the potentially large diversity of surface sites present in functional materials prepared by surface chemistry, an essential knowledge to design materials with improved performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribal Jabbour
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marc Renom-Carrasco
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CP2M, UMR 5128 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL, CPE Lyon, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Völker
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pierrick Berruyer
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Cory M Widdifield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Moreno Lelli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - David Gajan
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CP2M, UMR 5128 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL, CPE Lyon, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de RMN de Lyon, UMR 5082, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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4
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Denisova EA, Kostyukovich AY, Fakhrutdinov AN, Korabelnikova VA, Galushko AS, Ananikov VP. “Hidden” Nanoscale Catalysis in Alkyne Hydrogenation with Well-Defined Molecular Pd/NHC Complexes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Denisova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Yu. Kostyukovich
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Artem N. Fakhrutdinov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Viktoria A. Korabelnikova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey S. Galushko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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5
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Uzunidis G, Behrens S. Pd/Ag Nanoparticles Prepared in Ionic Liquids as Model Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Diphenylacetylene. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Uzunidis
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Silke Behrens
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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6
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Skovpin IV, Kovtunova LM, Nartova AV, Kvon RI, Bukhtiyarov VI, Koptyug IV. Anchored complexes of rhodium and iridium for the hydrogenation of alkynes and olefins with parahydrogen. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02258j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iridium and rhodium complexes anchored on silica gel surface via NH2–(CH2)3– and P(Ph)2–(CH2)2– linker groups achieve high (∼9%) efficiency in pairwise addition of parahydrogen to unsaturated gaseous substrates in heterogeneous hydrogenation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V. Skovpin
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anna V. Nartova
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ren I. Kvon
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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7
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Buntkowsky G, Döller S, Haro-Mares N, Gutmann T, Hoffmann M. Solid-state NMR studies of non-ionic surfactants confined in mesoporous silica. Z PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2021-3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This review gives an overview of current trends in the investigation of confined molecules such as higher alcohols, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol as guest molecules in neat and functionalized mesoporous silica materials. All these molecules have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts. They are characteristic role-models for the investigation of confined surfactants. Their properties are studied by a combination of solid-state NMR and relaxometry with other physicochemical techniques and molecular dynamics techniques. It is shown that this combination delivers unique insights into the structure, arrangement, dynamical properties and the guest-host interactions inside the confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Sonja Döller
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Nadia Haro-Mares
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , State University of New York College at Brockport , Brockport , NY , 14420 , USA
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8
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Motokura K, Ding S, Usui K, Kong Y. Enhanced Catalysis Based on the Surface Environment of the Silica-Supported Metal Complex. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Motokura
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Siming Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Kei Usui
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
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9
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Li Y, Equbal A, Tabassum T, Han S. 1H Thermal Mixing Dynamic Nuclear Polarization with BDPA as Polarizing Agents. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9195-9202. [PMID: 33058676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) is a sensitivity enhancing technique for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. A recent discovery of Overhauser Effect (OE) DNP in insulating systems under cryogenic conditions using 1,3-bisdiphenylene-2-phenylallyl (BDPA) as the polarizing agent (PA) has caught attention due to its promising DNP performance at a high magnetic field and under fast magic angle spinning conditions. However, the mechanism of OE in insulating-solids/BDPA is unclear. We present an alternative explanation that the dominant underlying DNP mechanism of BDPA is Thermal Mixing (TM). This is ascertained with the discovery that TM effect is enhanced by multi-electron spin coupling, which is corroborated by an asymmetric electron paramagnetic resonance line shape signifying the coexistence of clustered and isolated BDPA species, and by hyperpolarized electron spin populations giving rise to an electron spin polarization gradient which are characteristic signatures of TM DNP. Finally, quantum mechanical simulations using spatially asymmetrically coupled three electron spins and a nuclear spin demonstrate that triple-flip DNP, with hyperfine fluctuations turned off, can yield the 1H DNP profile as observed with BDPA. Clarifying the DNP mechanism is critical to develop design principles for optimizing the PA for achieving optimal DNP efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Asif Equbal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Tarnuma Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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10
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Kaeffer N, Mance D, Copéret C. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Coordination to Surface Copper Sites in Selective Semihydrogenation Catalysts from Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kaeffer
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Germany
| | - Deni Mance
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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11
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Kaeffer N, Mance D, Copéret C. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Coordination to Surface Copper Sites in Selective Semihydrogenation Catalysts from Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19999-20007. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kaeffer
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Germany
| | - Deni Mance
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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12
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Buntkowsky G, Vogel M. Small Molecules, Non-Covalent Interactions, and Confinement. Molecules 2020; 25:E3311. [PMID: 32708283 PMCID: PMC7397022 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This review gives an overview of current trends in the investigation of small guest molecules, confined in neat and functionalized mesoporous silica materials by a combination of solid-state NMR and relaxometry with other physico-chemical techniques. The reported guest molecules are water, small alcohols, and carbonic acids, small aromatic and heteroaromatic molecules, ionic liquids, and surfactants. They are taken as characteristic role-models, which are representatives for the typical classes of organic molecules. It is shown that this combination delivers unique insights into the structure, arrangement, dynamics, guest-host interactions, and the binding sites in these confined systems, and is probably the most powerful analytical technique to probe these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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13
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Culver DB, Huynh W, Tafazolian H, Conley MP. Solid-State 45Sc NMR Studies of Cp* 2Sc–OR (R = CMe 2CF 3, CMe(CF 3) 2, C(CF 3) 3, SiPh 3) and Relationship to the Structure of Cp* 2Sc-Sites Supported on Partially Dehydroxylated Silica. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien B. Culver
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Winn Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Hosein Tafazolian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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14
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Rankin AGM, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Amoureux JP, Lafon O. Recent developments in MAS DNP-NMR of materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:116-143. [PMID: 31189121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the characterization of the atomic-level structure and dynamics of materials. Nevertheless, the use of this technique is often limited by its lack of sensitivity, which can prevent the observation of surfaces, defects or insensitive isotopes. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has been shown to improve by one to three orders of magnitude the sensitivity of NMR experiments on materials under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS), at static magnetic field B0 ≥ 5 T, conditions allowing for the acquisition of high-resolution spectra. The field of DNP-NMR spectroscopy of materials has undergone a rapid development in the last ten years, spurred notably by the availability of commercial DNP-NMR systems. We provide here an in-depth overview of MAS DNP-NMR studies of materials at high B0 field. After a historical perspective of DNP of materials, we describe the DNP transfers under MAS, the transport of polarization by spin diffusion and the various contributions to the overall sensitivity of DNP-NMR experiments. We discuss the design of tailored polarizing agents and the sample preparation in the case of materials. We present the DNP-NMR hardware and the influence of key experimental parameters, such as microwave power, magnetic field, temperature and MAS frequency. We give an overview of the isotopes that have been detected by this technique, and the NMR methods that have been combined with DNP. Finally, we show how MAS DNP-NMR has been applied to gain new insights into the structure of organic, hybrid and inorganic materials with applications in fields, such as health, energy, catalysis, optoelectronics etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G M Rankin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS-FR2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, F-67166, Wissembourg, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231, Paris, France.
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15
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Murugesan K, Bheeter CB, Linnebank PR, Spannenberg A, Reek JNH, Jagadeesh RV, Beller M. Nickel-Catalyzed Stereodivergent Synthesis of E- and Z-Alkenes by Hydrogenation of Alkynes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3363-3369. [PMID: 30977957 PMCID: PMC6771912 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A convenient protocol for stereodivergent hydrogenation of alkynes to E- and Z-alkenes by using nickel catalysts was developed. Simple Ni(NO3 )2 ⋅6 H2 O as a catalyst precursor formed active nanoparticles, which were effective for the semihydrogenation of several alkynes with high selectivity for the Z-alkene (Z/E>99:1). Upon addition of specific multidentate ligands (triphos, tetraphos), the resulting molecular catalysts were highly selective for the E-alkene products (E/Z>99:1). Mechanistic studies revealed that the Z-alkene-selective catalyst was heterogeneous whereas the E-alkene-selective catalyst was homogeneous. In the latter case, the alkyne was first hydrogenated to a Z-alkene, which was subsequently isomerized to the E-alkene. This proposal was supported by density functional theory calculations. This synthetic methodology was shown to be generally applicable in >40 examples and scalable to multigram-scale experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Charles Beromeo Bheeter
- Van‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pim R. Linnebank
- Van‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Van‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rajenahally V. Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
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16
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Klimavicius V, Neumann S, Kunz S, Gutmann T, Buntkowsky G. Room temperature CO oxidation catalysed by supported Pt nanoparticles revealed by solid-state NMR and DNP spectroscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00684b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1 and 2 nm sized platinum nanoparticles deposited on different support materials are investigated by solid-state NMR combined with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vytautas Klimavicius
- TU Darmstadt
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Sarah Neumann
- University of Bremen
- Institute for Applied and Physical Chemistry
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Sebastian Kunz
- University of Bremen
- Institute for Applied and Physical Chemistry
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- TU Darmstadt
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
- University Kassel
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- TU Darmstadt
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
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17
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Renom-Carrasco M, Mania P, Sayah R, Veyre L, Occhipinti G, Gajan D, Lesage A, Jensen VR, Thieuleux C. Supported Ru olefin metathesis catalysts via a thiolate tether. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2886-2890. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04592e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium alkylidene complexes can be successfully immobilized on hybrid mesostructured silica via thiolate tethers to give heterogeneous, thiolate-coordinated olefin metathesis catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Renom-Carrasco
- University of Lyon
- Institute of Chemistry of Lyon
- Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS-University Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- 69616 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - Philipp Mania
- University of Lyon
- Institute of Chemistry of Lyon
- Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS-University Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- 69616 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - Reine Sayah
- University of Lyon
- Institute of Chemistry of Lyon
- Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS-University Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- 69616 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- University of Lyon
- Institute of Chemistry of Lyon
- Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS-University Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- 69616 Villeurbanne
- France
| | | | - David Gajan
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon)
- Université de Lyon
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs
- 69100 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280 (CNRS/Université Lyon 1/ENS Lyon)
- Université de Lyon
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs
- 69100 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bergen
- N-5007 Bergen
- Norway
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- University of Lyon
- Institute of Chemistry of Lyon
- Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS-University Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- 69616 Villeurbanne
- France
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18
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Mollar-Cuni A, Ventura-Espinosa D, Martín S, Mayoral Á, Borja P, Mata JA. Stabilization of Nanoparticles Produced by Hydrogenation of Palladium-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes on the Surface of Graphene and Implications in Catalysis. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:15217-15228. [PMID: 31458184 PMCID: PMC6643925 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (NPs) have been obtained by decomposition of well-defined palladium complexes noncovalently anchored onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide. Morphological analysis by microscopy showed the presence of small palladium NPs homogeneously distributed on the support. Characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that palladium NPs contain Pd(2+) and Pd(0) oxidation states and the presence of N-heterocyclic carbene and bromo ligands. The catalytic properties of the NPs with and without the support have been evaluated in the hydrogenation of alkynes. Supported palladium NPs showed increased activity versus the nonsupported ones and could be recycled up to 10 times without the loss of catalytic activity. The composition of the palladium NPs is different for each catalytic cycle indicating a dynamic process and the formation of different catalytic active species. On the contrary, the unsupported palladium NPs showed limited activity caused by decomposition and could not be recycled. The role of the support has been investigated. The results indicate that the support influences the stability of palladium NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Mollar-Cuni
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat
Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain
| | - David Ventura-Espinosa
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat
Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain
| | - Santiago Martín
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto
de Ciencias de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Álvaro Mayoral
- Instituto
de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA) and Laboratorio de Microscopias
Avanzadas (LMA), edificio i+d Campus Río Ebro, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Borja
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat
Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain
| | - Jose A. Mata
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat
Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain
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19
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Burueva DB, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. Single-Site Heterogeneous Catalysts: From Synthesis to NMR Signal Enhancement. Chemistry 2018; 25:1420-1431. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dudari B. Burueva
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging; International Tomography Center, SB RAS; 3A Institutskaya St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogov St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis; 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogov St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis; 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogov St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging; International Tomography Center, SB RAS; 3A Institutskaya St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogov St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging; International Tomography Center, SB RAS; 3A Institutskaya St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogov St. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
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20
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Peng L, Zhang W, Deng C, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Qian H. Preparation of Poly(Bulky N
-Heterocyclic Carbene) as the Self-Supporting Catalyst toward Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyi Peng
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas; Fujian Provincial University; Putian 351100 Fujian China
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Chunyan Deng
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Zhen Wang
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- College of Communication Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Hao Qian
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
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21
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Pump E, Bendjeriou-Sedjerari A, Viger-Gravel J, Gajan D, Scotto B, Samantaray MK, Abou-Hamad E, Gurinov A, Almaksoud W, Cao Z, Lesage A, Cavallo L, Emsley L, Basset JM. Predicting the DNP-SENS efficiency in reactive heterogeneous catalysts from hydrophilicity. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4866-4872. [PMID: 29910939 PMCID: PMC5982197 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of surfaces at the molecular level has benefited from progress in dynamic nuclear polarization surface enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS).
Identification of surfaces at the molecular level has benefited from progress in dynamic nuclear polarization surface enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS). However, the technique is limited when using highly sensitive heterogeneous catalysts due to secondary reaction of surface organometallic fragments (SOMFs) with stable radical polarization agents. Here, we observe that in non-porous silica nanoparticles (NPs) (dparticle = 15 nm) some DNP enhanced NMR or SENS characterizations are possible, depending on the metal-loading of the SOMF and the type of SOMF substituents (methyl, isobutyl, neopentyl). This unexpected observation suggests that aggregation of the nanoparticles occurs in non-polar solvents (such as ortho-dichlorobenzene) leading to (partial) protection of the SOMF inside the interparticle space, thereby preventing reaction with bulky polarization agents. We discover that the DNP SENS efficiency is correlated with the hydrophilicity of the SOMF/support, which depends on the carbon and SOMF concentration. Nitrogen sorption measurements to determine the BET constant (CBET) were performed. This constant allows us to predict the aggregation of silica nanoparticles and consequently the efficiency of DNP SENS. Under optimal conditions, CBET > 60, we found signal enhancement factors of up to 30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pump
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Anissa Bendjeriou-Sedjerari
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Jasmine Viger-Gravel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - David Gajan
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS-Lyon/UCB-Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Baptiste Scotto
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Manoja K Samantaray
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Edy Abou-Hamad
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Core Labs , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrei Gurinov
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Core Labs , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Almaksoud
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Zhen Cao
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS-Lyon/UCB-Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - Jean-Marie Basset
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
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22
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Kumari B, John D, Hoffmann P, Spende A, Toimil-Molares ME, Trautmann C, Hess C, Ruff P, Schulze M, Stark R, Buntkowsky G, Andrieu-Brunsen A, Gutmann T. Surface Enhanced DNP Assisted Solid-State NMR of Functionalized SiO2 Coated Polycarbonate Membranes. Z PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2017-1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Surface enhanced solid-state NMR by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP SENS) enables the characterization of the inner-pore surface functionalization of porous etched ion-track membranes exhibiting low specific surface areas compared to typical SBA- or MCM-type mesoporous silica materials. The membranes were conformally coated with a 5 nm thin SiO2 layer by atomic layer deposition. This layer was subsequently modified by aminopropyl silane linkers that allow further functionalization via the terminal amine group. The results evidence that in principle DNP SENS is a capable tool to analyze more complex porous systems, e.g. bioinspired functional etched ion-track membranes down to the molecular level. These results are relevant also for single nanopore systems, for which a direct analysis of the channel surface functionalization is not feasible by classical characterization methods. The applicability of DNP SENS to complex porous systems requires the optimization of the sample preparation and measurement parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Kumari
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Daniel John
- Ernst-Berl Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Science , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Paul Hoffmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1 , D-64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Anne Spende
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1 , D-64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | | | - Christina Trautmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1 , D-64291 Darmstadt , Germany
- Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Christian Hess
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Philip Ruff
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Marcus Schulze
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science and Center of Smart Interfaces , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Robert Stark
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science and Center of Smart Interfaces , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Science , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , D-64287 Darmstadt , Germany
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23
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Liao WC, Ghaffari B, Gordon CP, Xu J, Copéret C. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface Enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS): Principles, protocols, and practice. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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24
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Perras FA, Boteju KC, Slowing II, Sadow AD, Pruski M. Direct 17O dynamic nuclear polarization of single-site heterogeneous catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3472-3475. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00293b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Direct DNP is shown to effectively enhance 17O signals from non-protonated binding sites for surface-supported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marek Pruski
- US DOE
- Ames Laboratory
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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25
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Optimal sample formulations for DNP SENS: The importance of radical-surface interactions. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Lilly Thankamony AS, Wittmann JJ, Kaushik M, Corzilius B. Dynamic nuclear polarization for sensitivity enhancement in modern solid-state NMR. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 102-103:120-195. [PMID: 29157490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of dynamic nuclear polarization has undergone tremendous developments and diversification since its inception more than 6 decades ago. In this review we provide an in-depth overview of the relevant topics involved in DNP-enhanced MAS NMR spectroscopy. This includes the theoretical description of DNP mechanisms as well as of the polarization transfer pathways that can lead to a uniform or selective spreading of polarization between nuclear spins. Furthermore, we cover historical and state-of-the art aspects of dedicated instrumentation, polarizing agents, and optimization techniques for efficient MAS DNP. Finally, we present an extensive overview on applications in the fields of structural biology and materials science, which underlines that MAS DNP has moved far beyond the proof-of-concept stage and has become an important tool for research in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aany Sofia Lilly Thankamony
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes J Wittmann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Monu Kaushik
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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27
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Ravera E, Parigi G, Luchinat C. Perspectives on paramagnetic NMR from a life sciences infrastructure. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 282:154-169. [PMID: 28844254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The effects arising in NMR spectroscopy because of the presence of unpaired electrons, collectively referred to as "paramagnetic NMR" have attracted increasing attention over the last decades. From the standpoint of the structural and mechanistic biology, paramagnetic NMR provides long range restraints that can be used to assess the accuracy of crystal structures in solution and to improve them by simultaneous refinements through NMR and X-ray data. These restraints also provide information on structure rearrangements and conformational variability in biomolecular systems. Theoretical improvements in quantum chemistry calculations can nowadays allow for accurate calculations of the paramagnetic data from a molecular structural model, thus providing a tool to refine the metal coordination environment by matching the paramagnetic effects observed far away from the metal. Furthermore, the availability of an improved technology (higher fields and faster magic angle spinning) has promoted paramagnetic NMR applications in the fast-growing area of biomolecular solid-state NMR. Major improvements in dynamic nuclear polarization have been recently achieved, especially through the exploitation of the Overhauser effect occurring through the contact-driven relaxation mechanism: the very large enhancement of the 13C signal observed in a variety of liquid organic compounds at high fields is expected to open up new perspectives for applications of solution NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giacomo Parigi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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28
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Prabusankar G, Sathyanarayana A, Raju G, Nagababu C. Methanol as a Hydrogen Source in the PdII
−Bis(N
-Heterocyclic Carbene)-Mediated Catalytic Semireduction of Alkynes Under Mild Reaction Conditions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Prabusankar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502285 India
| | - Arruri Sathyanarayana
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502285 India
| | - Gembali Raju
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502285 India
| | - Chatla Nagababu
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502285 India
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29
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Tejeda-Serrano M, Cabrero-Antonino JR, Mainar-Ruiz V, López-Haro M, Hernández-Garrido JC, Calvino JJ, Leyva-Pérez A, Corma A. Synthesis of Supported Planar Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Chemo- and Stereoselectivity for Hydrogenation of Alkynes. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Tejeda-Serrano
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose R. Cabrero-Antonino
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- Leibniz-Institut fír Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Virginia Mainar-Ruiz
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel López-Haro
- Departamento
de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y
Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San
Pedro, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Juan C. Hernández-Garrido
- Departamento
de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y
Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San
Pedro, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - José J. Calvino
- Departamento
de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y
Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San
Pedro, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Leyva-Pérez
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universidad Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda.
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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30
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Perras FA, Padmos JD, Johnson RL, Wang LL, Schwartz TJ, Kobayashi T, Horton JH, Dumesic JA, Shanks BH, Johnson DD, Pruski M. Characterizing Substrate–Surface Interactions on Alumina-Supported Metal Catalysts by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced Double-Resonance NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2702-2709. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric A. Perras
- Ames
Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - J. Daniel Padmos
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Robert L. Johnson
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Ames
Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Thomas J. Schwartz
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Ames
Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - J. Hugh Horton
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - James A. Dumesic
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Brent H. Shanks
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Duane D. Johnson
- Ames
Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Marek Pruski
- Ames
Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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31
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Zhong R, Lindhorst AC, Groche FJ, Kühn FE. Immobilization of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Compounds: A Synthetic Perspective. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1970-2058. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhong
- Molecular Catalysis, Department
of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Anja C. Lindhorst
- Molecular Catalysis, Department
of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Florian J. Groche
- Molecular Catalysis, Department
of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Molecular Catalysis, Department
of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
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32
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Liao WC, Ong TC, Gajan D, Bernada F, Sauvée C, Yulikov M, Pucino M, Schowner R, Schwarzwälder M, Buchmeiser MR, Jeschke G, Tordo P, Ouari O, Lesage A, Emsley L, Copéret C. Dendritic polarizing agents for DNP SENS. Chem Sci 2017; 8:416-422. [PMID: 28451187 PMCID: PMC5365053 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03139k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimer-shielded polarizing agents for the application of DNP SENS to reactive surfaces.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy (DNP SENS) is an effective method to significantly improve solid-state NMR investigation of solid surfaces. The presence of unpaired electrons (polarizing agents) is crucial for DNP, but it has drawbacks such as leading to faster nuclear spin relaxation, or even reaction with the substrate under investigation. The latter can be a particular problem for heterogeneous catalysts. Here, we present a series of carbosilane-based dendritic polarizing agents, in which the bulky dendrimer can reduce the interaction between the solid surface and the free radical. We thereby preserve long nuclear T′2 of the surface species, and even successfully enhance a reactive heterogeneous metathesis catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Ta-Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Florian Bernada
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Claire Sauvée
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institut für Polymerchemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Martin Schwarzwälder
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institut für Polymerchemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Paul Tordo
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix-Marseille Univ , CNRS , ICR UMR 7273 , Marseille , 13013 , France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
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33
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Surmiak SK, Doerenkamp C, Selter P, Peterlechner M, Schäfer AH, Eckert H, Studer A. Palladium Nanoparticle Loaded Bifunctional Silica Hybrid Material: Preparation and Applications as Catalyst in Hydrogenation Reactions. Chemistry 2016; 23:6019-6028. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina K. Surmiak
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Carsten Doerenkamp
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 28/30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Philipp Selter
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 28/30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Martin Peterlechner
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Institut für Materialphysik; Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | | | - Hellmut Eckert
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 28/30 48149 Münster Germany
- Instituto de Física em Sao Paulo; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400 Sao Carlos, S.P. 13560-590 Brazil
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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34
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Copéret C, Estes DP, Larmier K, Searles K. Isolated Surface Hydrides: Formation, Structure, and Reactivity. Chem Rev 2016; 116:8463-505. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Deven P. Estes
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kim Larmier
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- Department of Chemistry and
Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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35
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Ong T, Liao W, Mougel V, Gajan D, Lesage A, Emsley L, Copéret C. Atomistic Description of Reaction Intermediates for Supported Metathesis Catalysts Enabled by DNP SENS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ta‐Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Wei‐Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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36
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Ong TC, Liao WC, Mougel V, Gajan D, Lesage A, Emsley L, Copéret C. Atomistic Description of Reaction Intermediates for Supported Metathesis Catalysts Enabled by DNP SENS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4743-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs; Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1); Université de Lyon; 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs; Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1); Université de Lyon; 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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37
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Copéret C, Comas-Vives A, Conley MP, Estes DP, Fedorov A, Mougel V, Nagae H, Núñez-Zarur F, Zhizhko PA. Surface Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry toward Single-Site Heterogeneous Catalysts: Strategies, Methods, Structures, and Activities. Chem Rev 2016; 116:323-421. [PMID: 26741024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aleix Comas-Vives
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Deven P Estes
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Haruki Nagae
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, CREST , Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Francisco Núñez-Zarur
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pavel A Zhizhko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilov str. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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38
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Liang S, Hammond GB, Xu B. Supported gold nanoparticles catalyzed cis-selective semihydrogenation of alkynes using ammonium formate as the reductant. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6013-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 supported gold nanoparticles with a low loading (0.5 mol%) are able to semihydrogenate non-fluorinated and gem-difluorinated alkynes to cis-alkenes with high selectivity, using cost-effective and easy-to-handle ammonium formate as the reductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzong Liang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisville
- Louisville
- USA
| | | | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
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39
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Romanenko I, Gajan D, Sayah R, Crozet D, Jeanneau E, Lucas C, Leroux L, Veyre L, Lesage A, Emsley L, Lacôte E, Thieuleux C. Iridium(I)/N-Heterocyclic Carbene Hybrid Materials: Surface Stabilization of Low-Valent Iridium Species for High Catalytic Hydrogenation Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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Romanenko I, Gajan D, Sayah R, Crozet D, Jeanneau E, Lucas C, Leroux L, Veyre L, Lesage A, Emsley L, Lacôte E, Thieuleux C. Iridium(I)/N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Hybrid Materials: Surface Stabilization of Low‐Valent Iridium Species for High Catalytic Hydrogenation Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12937-41. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Romanenko
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS, Université Lyon 1‐ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - David Gajan
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CRMN CNRS‐ENS Lyon‐UCBL, 69100 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Reine Sayah
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS, Université Lyon 1‐ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Delphine Crozet
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS, Université Lyon 1‐ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Erwan Jeanneau
- Université Lyon 1, Centre de Diffractométrie H. Longchambon, Site CLEA—Bât. ISA, 69100 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Christine Lucas
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS, Université Lyon 1‐ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Lénaic Leroux
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CRMN CNRS‐ENS Lyon‐UCBL, 69100 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS, Université Lyon 1‐ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Anne Lesage
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CRMN CNRS‐ENS Lyon‐UCBL, 69100 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CRMN CNRS‐ENS Lyon‐UCBL, 69100 Villeurbanne (France)
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)
| | - Emmanuel Lacôte
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS, Université Lyon 1‐ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne (France)
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS, Université Lyon 1‐ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne (France)
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41
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Drost RM, Rosar V, Marta SD, Lutz M, Demitri N, Milani B, de Bruin B, Elsevier CJ. Pd-CatalyzedZ-Selective Semihydrogenation of Alkynes: Determining the Type of Active Species. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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42
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Lee D, Hediger S, De Paëpe G. Is solid-state NMR enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization? SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2015; 66-67:6-20. [PMID: 25779337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The recent trend of high-field (~5-20 T), low-temperature (~100 K) ssNMR combined with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) under magic angle spinning (MAS) conditions is analyzed. A brief overview of the current theory of hyperpolarization for so-called MAS-DNP experiments is given, along with various reasons why the DNP-enhancement, the ratio of the NMR signal intensities obtained in the presence and absence of microwave irradiation suitable for hyperpolarization, should not be used alone to gauge the value of performing MAS-DNP experiments relative to conventional ssNMR. This is demonstrated through a dissection of the current conditions required for MAS-DNP with particular attention to resulting absolute sensitivities and spectral resolution. Consequently, sample preparation methods specifically avoiding the surplus of glass-forming solvents so as to improve the absolute sensitivity and resolution are discussed, as are samples that are intrinsically pertinent for MAS-DNP studies (high surface area, amorphous, and porous). Owing to their pertinence, examples of recent applications on these types of samples where chemically-relevant information has been obtained that would have been impossible without the sensitivity increases bestowed by MAS-DNP are also detailed. Additionally, a promising further implementation for MAS-DNP is exampled, whereby the sensitivity improvements shown for (correlation) spectroscopy of nuclei at low natural isotopic abundance, facilitate internuclear distance measurements, especially for long distances (absence of dipolar truncation). Finally, we give some speculative perspectives for MAS-DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Sabine Hediger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC, SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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43
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Drost RM, Broere DLJ, Hoogenboom J, de Baan SN, Lutz M, de Bruin B, Elsevier CJ. Allylpalladium(II) Histidylidene Complexes and Their Application in
Z
‐Selective Transfer Semihydrogenation of Alkynes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201403104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben M. Drost
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, the Netherlands, http://hims.uva.nl/research/research‐groups/content/molecular‐ inorganic‐chemistry/molecular‐inorganic‐chemistry.html
| | - Daniël L. J. Broere
- Homogeneous Catalysis, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorin Hoogenboom
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, the Netherlands, http://hims.uva.nl/research/research‐groups/content/molecular‐ inorganic‐chemistry/molecular‐inorganic‐chemistry.html
| | - Simone N. de Baan
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, the Netherlands, http://hims.uva.nl/research/research‐groups/content/molecular‐ inorganic‐chemistry/molecular‐inorganic‐chemistry.html
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B. de Bruin
- Homogeneous Catalysis, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. J. Elsevier
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, the Netherlands, http://hims.uva.nl/research/research‐groups/content/molecular‐ inorganic‐chemistry/molecular‐inorganic‐chemistry.html
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44
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Wagh YS, Asao N. Selective Transfer Semihydrogenation of Alkynes with Nanoporous Gold Catalysts. J Org Chem 2015; 80:847-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502313d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh S. Wagh
- WPI-Advanced
Institute for
Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Naoki Asao
- WPI-Advanced
Institute for
Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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45
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Han YR, Park JW, Kim H, Ji H, Lim SH, Jun CH. A one-step co-condensation method for the synthesis of well-defined functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 using trimethallylsilanes as organosilane sources. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17084-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07286g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined functionalized mesoporous SBA-15s are synthesized by a one-step co-condensation method using functional group-impregnated trimethallylsilanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ri Han
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seodaemun-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seodaemun-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hanil Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seodaemun-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejeong Ji
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seodaemun-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lim
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seodaemun-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Jun
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seodaemun-gu
- Republic of Korea
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46
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Schütte K, Doddi A, Kroll C, Meyer H, Wiktor C, Gemel C, van Tendeloo G, Fischer RA, Janiak C. Colloidal nickel/gallium nanoalloys obtained from organometallic precursors in conventional organic solvents and in ionic liquids: noble-metal-free alkyne semihydrogenation catalysts. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:5532-5544. [PMID: 24733576 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to replace noble-metal catalysts by low-cost alternatives are of constant interest. The organometallic, non-aqueous wet-chemical synthesis of various hitherto unknown nanocrystalline Ni/Ga intermetallic materials and the use of NiGa for the selective semihydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes are reported. Thermal co-hydrogenolysis of the all-hydrocarbon precursors [Ni(COD)2] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and GaCp* (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) in high-boiling organic solvents mesitylene and n-decane in molar ratios of 1 : 1, 2 : 3 and 3 : 1 yields the nano-crystalline powder materials of the over-all compositions NiGa, Ni2Ga3 and Ni3Ga, respectively. Microwave induced co-pyrolysis of the same precursors without additional hydrogen in the ionic liquid [BMIm][BF4] (BMIm = 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium) selectively yields the intermetallic phases NiGa and Ni3Ga from the respective 1 : 1 and 3 : 1 molar ratios of the precursors. The obtained materials are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), IR, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The single-source precursor [Ni(GaCp*)(PMe3)3] with a fixed Ni : Ga stoichiometry of 1 : 1 was employed as well. In comparison with the co-hydrogenolytic dual precursor source approach it turned out to be less practical due to inefficient nickel incorporation caused by the parasitic formation of stable [Ni(PMe3)4]. The use of ionic liquid [BMIm][BF4] as a non-conventional solvent to control the reaction and stabilize the nanoparticles proved to be particularly advantageous and stable colloids of the nanoalloys NiGa and Ni3Ga were obtained. A phase-selective Ni/Ga colloid synthesis in conventional solvents and in the presence of surfactants such as hexadecylamine (HDA) was not feasible due to the undesired reactivity of HDA with GaCp* leading to inefficient gallium incorporation. Recyclable NiGa nanoparticles selectively semihydrogenate 1-octyne and diphenylacetylene (tolan) to 1-octene and diphenylethylene, respectively, with a yield of about 90% and selectivities of up to 94 and 87%. Ni-NPs yield alkanes with a selectivity of 97 or 78%, respectively, under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Schütte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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47
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Vilé G, Almora-Barrios N, Mitchell S, López N, Pérez-Ramírez J. From the Lindlar Catalyst to Supported Ligand-Modified Palladium Nanoparticles: Selectivity Patterns and Accessibility Constraints in the Continuous-Flow Three-Phase Hydrogenation of Acetylenic Compounds. Chemistry 2014; 20:5926-37. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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48
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Conley MP, Copéret C, Thieuleux C. Mesostructured Hybrid Organic–Silica Materials: Ideal Supports for Well-Defined Heterogeneous Organometallic Catalysts. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs500262t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Conley
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, UMR C2P2 CNRS-UCBL-ESCPE Lyon Equipe Chimie OrganoMétallique de Surface 43 Bvd, du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
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49
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Drost RM, Bouwens T, van Leest NP, de Bruin B, Elsevier CJ. Convenient Transfer Semihydrogenation Methodology for Alkynes Using a PdII-NHC Precatalyst. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs4011502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben M. Drost
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessel Bouwens
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas P. van Leest
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous Catalysis, Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J. Elsevier
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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50
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Conley MP, Copéret C. State of the Art and Perspectives in the “Molecular Approach” Towards Well-Defined Heterogeneous Catalysts. Top Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-014-0245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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