1
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Kawamura S, Sodeoka M. Understanding and Controlling Fluorinated Diacyl Peroxides and Fluoroalkyl Radicals in Alkene Fluoroalkylations. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300202. [PMID: 37522613 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The demand for practical methods for the synthesis of novel fluoroalkyl molecules is increasing owing to their diverse applications. Our group has achieved efficient difunctionalizing fluoroalkylations of alkenes using fluorinated carboxylic anhydrides as user-friendly fluoroalkyl sources. Fluorinated diacyl peroxide, prepared in situ from carboxylic anhydrides, enables the development of novel reactions when used as a radical fluoroalkylating reagent. In this account, we aim to provide an in-depth understanding of the structure, bonding, and reactivity of fluorinated diacyl peroxides and radicals as well as their control in fluoroalkylation reactions. In the first part of this account, the physical properties and reactivity of diacyl peroxides and fluoroalkyl radicals are described. In the subsequent part, we categorize the reactions into copper-catalyzed and metal-free methods utilizing the oxidizing properties of fluorinated diacyl peroxides. We also outline examples and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kawamura
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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2
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Niwa T, Nishibashi K, Sato H, Ujiie K, Yamashita K, Egami H, Hamashima Y. Structure Dependence in Asymmetric Deprotonative Fluorination and Fluorocyclization Reactions of Allylamine Derivatives with Linked Binaphthyl Dicarboxylate Phase-Transfer Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16599-16609. [PMID: 34590843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric fluorofunctionalization of γ,γ-disubstituted allylamine derivatives (e.g., 3, 7, and 8) was investigated using our dianionic phase-transfer catalyst. Depending on the substituents on the alkene moiety, the reaction afforded chiral allylic fluorides and fluorinated dihydrooxazines in a highly enantioselective manner (up to 99% ee). The absolute stereochemistry of these products was found to be opposite to that in our previously reported fluorocyclization of γ-monosubstituted allylic amides (e.g., 13 and 14). To probe this interesting phenomenon, we investigated the influence of the substitution pattern of the alkene moiety on the reaction by means of NMR experiments and kinetic studies. The rate laws of the deprotonative fluorination and the fluorocyclization of γ,γ-disubstituted substrates were v = k[cat]0.6, while that of the fluorocyclization of γ-monosubstituted substrates was v = k[substrate][cat]0.4. An exponent of less than 1 suggests the involvement of an aggregated state of the catalyst ion pair in the catalytic cycle. Interestingly, a positive nonlinear effect was observed in the reactions of the γ,γ-disubstituted substrates, while a negative nonlinear effect was observed in the case of the γ-monosubstituted substrates. Thus, the reaction pathway depends on the presence or absence of an alkyl substituent at the γ position of the substrates, and on the basis of our mechanistic studies we propose that the active catalytic species for γ,γ-disubstituted substrates is a catalyst ion pair aggregate, whereas that for γ-monosubstituted substrates is the more active monomeric catalyst ion pair species, even though its concentration would be low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Niwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kousuke Nishibashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ujiie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamashita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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3
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Li Y, Zhang CL, Huang WH, Sun N, Hao M, Neumann H, Beller M. A general strategy for the synthesis of α-trifluoromethyl- and α-perfluoroalkyl-β-lactams via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10467-10473. [PMID: 34447539 PMCID: PMC8361786 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02212a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Lactam compounds play a key role in medicinal chemistry, specifically as the most important class of antibiotics. Here, we report a novel one-step approach for the synthesis of α-(trifluoromethyl)-β-lactams and related products from fluorinated olefins, anilines and CO. Utilization of an advanced palladium catalyst system with the Ruphos ligand allows for selective cycloaminocarbonylations to give diverse fluorinated β-lactams in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University No. 19 Jinhua South Road 710048 Xi'an China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. RostockAlbert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Cai-Lin Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University No. 19 Jinhua South Road 710048 Xi'an China
| | - Wei-Heng Huang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. RostockAlbert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Ning Sun
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University No. 19 Jinhua South Road 710048 Xi'an China
| | - Meng Hao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University No. 19 Jinhua South Road 710048 Xi'an China
| | - Helfried Neumann
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. RostockAlbert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. RostockAlbert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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4
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Laskar RA, Ding W, Yoshikai N. Iodo(III)-Meyer-Schuster Rearrangement of Propargylic Alcohols Promoted by Benziodoxole Triflate. Org Lett 2021; 23:1113-1117. [PMID: 33439023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Benziodoxole triflate (BXT), a cyclic iodine(III) electrophile, has been found to promote a rearrangement of propargylic alcohols into α,β-unsaturated ketones bearing an α-λ3-iodanyl group. This iodo(III)-Meyer-Schuster rearrangement proceeds under mild conditions and tolerates a variety of functionalized propargylic alcohols, thus complementing previously reported halogen-intercepted Meyer-Schuster rearrangement. The α-λ3-iodanylenones can be utilized for facile Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling for the synthesis of multisubstituted enones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshayed Ali Laskar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Wei Ding
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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5
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Kim UB, Jung DJ, Jeon HJ, Rathwell K, Lee SG. Synergistic Dual Transition Metal Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 120:13382-13433. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- U Bin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience (BK 21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Da Jung Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience (BK 21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Jeon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience (BK 21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Kris Rathwell
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience (BK 21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Sang-gi Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience (BK 21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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Trost BM, Tracy JS. Catalytically Generated Vanadium Enolates Formed via Interruption of the Meyer-Schuster Rearrangement as Useful Reactive Intermediates. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1568-1579. [PMID: 32692147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Enolate chemistry is one of the most fundamental strategies for the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. Classically, this has been accomplished through the use of stoichiometric quantities of strong base and cryogenic reaction temperatures. However, these techniques present issues related to enolate regioselectivity and functional group tolerance. While more modern methods utilizing stoichiometric activating agents have overcome some of these limitations, these processes add additional steps and suffer from poor atom economy. While certain classes of highly acidic nucleophiles have enabled the development of elegant and general catalytic solutions to address all of these limitations, functionalizing less acidic nucleophiles remains difficult.To overcome these challenges, we developed an alternative general approach for the formation and subsequent functionalization of metal enolates that leverages catalytic amounts of Lewis acid and entirely avoids the need for exogenous base or stoichiometric additives. To do so, we re-engineered the classical Meyer-Schuster rearrangement, which normally converts propargylic alcohols into α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. By careful control of reaction conditions and by selection of an appropriate vanadium-oxo catalyst, the transient metal enolates formed via the 1,3-transposition of propargylic or allenylic alcohols can be guided away from simple protonation reaction pathways and toward more synthetically productive carbon-carbon, carbon-halogen, and carbon-nitrogen bond-forming processes.By utilizing readily available propargylic and allenylic alcohols as our starting materials and relying on a catalytic 1,3-transposition to generate metal enolates in situ, all issues related to the regioselectivity of enolate formation are resolved. Likewise, utilization of a simple isomerization for enolate formation results in a highly efficient process that can be 100% atom economical. The mild reaction conditions employed also allow for remarkable chemoselectivity. Functional groups not typically conducive to enolate chemistry, such as alkynyl ketones, methyl ketones, free alcohols, and primary alkyl halides, are all well tolerated. Finally, by varying the substitution patterns of the alcohol starting materials, enolates of ketones, esters, and even amides are all accessible.Utilizing this strategy starting from propargylic alcohols, we have developed functionalization reactions that produce highly substituted and geometrically defined α-functionalized α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Such processes include aldol, Mannich, and electrophilic halogenation reactions, as well as dual catalytic reactions wherein catalytically generated vanadium enolates are trapped with catalytically generated palladium π-allyl electrophiles. In the case of allenylic alcohols, we have developed complementary aldol, Mannich, halogenation, and dual catalytic processes to generate α'-functionalized α,β-unsaturated carbonyl products.The results described in this work showcase the power and generality of our alternative approach to enolate chemistry. Additionally, we point out unaddressed challenges in the field and invite other groups to help innovate in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M. Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jacob S. Tracy
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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7
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Egami H, Hotta R, Otsubo M, Rouno T, Niwa T, Yamashita K, Hamashima Y. Asymmetric Dearomatizing Fluoroamidation of Indole Derivatives with Dianionic Phase-Transfer Catalyst. Org Lett 2020; 22:5656-5660. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ryo Hotta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Minami Otsubo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Taiki Rouno
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Tomoki Niwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamashita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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8
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Abstract
In spite of only a few naturally occurring products having one or more fluorine atoms, organofluorine compounds have been widely utilized in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and functional material science fields due to the characteristic properties of the fluorine atom. Therefore, the development of new methods for the introduction of fluorine-containing functional groups has been a long-standing research topic. This article discusses our contributions to this area. The first topic is on the trifluoromethylations of C-C multiple bonds using Togni reagent based on our working hypothesis that hypervalent iodine could be activated by coordination of the carbonyl moiety to the Lewis acid catalyst. The second topic relates to asymmetric fluorofunctionalization of alkenes. A newly designed phase-transfer catalyst consisting of a carboxylate anion functioning as a phase-transfer agent and a primary hydroxyl group as a site that captures the anionic substrate was revealed to be an effective catalyst for asymmetric fluorolactonization. Inspired by the mechanistic studies of fluorolactonization, we produced a linked binaphthyl dicarboxylate catalyst, which catalyzes the 6-endo-fluorocyclization and the deprotonative fluorination of allylic amides in a highly enantioselective manner. The third topic is on C-H fluorofunctionalizations using either catalysis or photoactivation. Benzylic trifluoromethylation, which is still a rare reaction, using Togni reagent and aromatic C-H trifluoromethylation using Umemoto reagent under simple photoirradiation conditions were achieved. In addition, the Csp3-H fluorination of alkyl phthalimide derivatives is demonstrated.
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9
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Ito Y, Touyama A, Uku M, Egami H, Hamashima Y. Thiocyanation of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Compounds with 1-Chloro-1,2-benziodoxol-3-(1 H)-one and (Trimethylsilyl)isothiocyanate. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:1015-1018. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Ito
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | | | - Minako Uku
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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10
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Kawamura S, Sodeoka M. Fluoroalkylation Methods for Synthesizing Versatile Building Blocks. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kawamura
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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11
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Murakami R, Sekine D, Aoki Y, Kawamura S, Sodeoka M. Control of site selectivity in trifluoromethylation of alkenes bearing a pendant indolyl group: Synthesis of CF3-containing tetrahydrocarbazoles. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Niwa T, Ujiie K, Sato H, Egami H, Hamashima Y. Asymmetric Fluorination of Cyclic Tetrasubstituted Alkenes with a Pendant Amide Groups under Dianionic Phase-Transfer Catalysis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:920-922. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Niwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Kiyoshi Ujiie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Hitomi Sato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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13
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Roy D, Tharra P, Baire B. Intercepted Meyer-Schuster Rearrangements in Organic Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debayan Roy
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600036 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Prabhakararao Tharra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600036 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Beeraiah Baire
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600036 Tamil Nadu India
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14
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Egami H, Masuda S, Kawato Y, Hamashima Y. Photofluorination of Aliphatic C–H Bonds Promoted by the Phthalimide Group. Org Lett 2018; 20:1367-1370. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shuya Masuda
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuji Kawato
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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15
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Nagao Y, Hisanaga T, Egami H, Kawato Y, Hamashima Y. Desymmetrization of Bisallylic Amides through Catalytic Enantioselective Bromocyclization with BINAP Monoxide. Chemistry 2017; 23:16758-16762. [PMID: 29044749 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the first desymmetrization of bisallylic amides by enantioselective bromocyclization with BINAP monoxide as a catalyst. Depending upon the substitution pattern of the alkene moieties, densely functionalized, optically active oxazoline or dihydrooxazine compounds were obtained in a highly stereoselective manner. The remaining alkene moiety was subjected to various functional group manipulations to afford a diverse array of chiral molecules with multiple stereogenic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Nagao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Tatsunari Hisanaga
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuji Kawato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
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16
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Ide T, Masuda S, Kawato Y, Egami H, Hamashima Y. Benzylic C–H Trifluoromethylation via Photoenol. Org Lett 2017; 19:4452-4455. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Ide
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shuya Masuda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuji Kawato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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17
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Puri S, Hari Babu M, Sridhar Reddy M. BF3·OEt2-mediated syn-selective Meyer-Schuster rearrangement of phenoxy propargyl alcohols for Z-β-aryl-α,β-unsaturated esters. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7001-9. [PMID: 27355915 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01090c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of Z-β-aryl-α,β-unsaturated esters from readily available 1-aryl-3-phenoxy propargyl alcohols is achieved via a BF3-mediated syn-selective Meyer-Schuster rearrangement under ambient conditions. The reaction mechanism is postulated to involve an electrophilic borylation of an allene intermediate as the key step to kinetically control the stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Puri
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India.
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18
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Kawamura S, Sodeoka M. Perfluoroalkylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Acid Anhydrides as the Perfluoroalkyl Source. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kawamura
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory; RIKEN; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory; RIKEN; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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19
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Kawamura S, Sodeoka M. Perfluoroalkylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Acid Anhydrides as the Perfluoroalkyl Source. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8740-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kawamura
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory; RIKEN; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory; RIKEN; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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20
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Egami H, Yoneda T, Uku M, Ide T, Kawato Y, Hamashima Y. Difunctionalization of Alkenes Using 1-Chloro-1,2-benziodoxol-3-(1H)-one. J Org Chem 2016; 81:4020-30. [PMID: 27100051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Difunctionalization of alkenes with 1-chloro-1,2-benziodoxol-3-(1H)-one (1) was investigated. Various additional nucleophiles were tested, and oxychlorination, dichlorination, azidochlorination, chlorothiocyanation, and iodoesterfication were demonstrated. The oxychlorination product was obtained efficiently when the reaction was operated in water. Dichlorination occurred in the presence of a Lewis basic promoter, such as 4-phenylpyridine N-oxide, as an additive. The reaction with in situ-generated azido anion afforded azidochlorinated compounds with a chlorine atom at the terminal position, while the reaction with trimethylsilyl isothiocyanate produced chlorothiocyanation adducts with a chlorine atom at the benzylic position. On the other hand, when 1 was treated with tetra-n-butylammonium iodide prior to the addition of alkenes, only iodoesterification occurred selectively. These mild reactions enable convenient site-selective difunctionalizations of substrates having two alkene moieties. NMR experiments suggested that the electrophilic reactive species in each reaction varied depending on the nature of the added nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoneda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Minako Uku
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ide
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuji Kawato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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21
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Wu Z, He Y, Ma C, Zhou X, Liu X, Li Y, Hu T, Wen P, Huang G. Oxidative Remote C−H Trifluoromethylation of Quinolineamides on the C5 Position with Iodobenzene Diacetate as the Oxidizing Agent. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yongqin He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Chaowei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yamin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ping Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Baoji University of Arts and Sciences; Baoji Shaanxi 721013 China
| | - Guosheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
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22
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Ji YL, Luo JJ, Lin JH, Xiao JC, Gu YC. Cu-Catalyzed C-H Trifluoromethylation of 3-Arylprop-1-ynes for the Selective Construction of Allenic Csp(2)-CF3 and Propargyl Csp(3)-CF3 Bonds. Org Lett 2016; 18:1000-3. [PMID: 26883382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new method has been developed for the Cu-catalyzed C-H trifluoromethylation of 3-arylprop-1-ynes for the selective construction of allenic Csp(2)-CF3 and propargyl Csp(3)-CF3 bonds. The selective formation of allenic Csp(2)-CF3 and propargyl Csp(3)-CF3 bonds can be controlled by modifying the reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Jia Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K
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23
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Sala O, Santschi N, Jungen S, Lüthi HP, Iannuzzi M, Hauser N, Togni A. S-Trifluoromethylation of Thiols by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents: A Joint Experimental and Computational Study. Chemistry 2016; 22:1704-13. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Sala
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Nico Santschi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Organisch Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Münster Corrensstrasse 40 Münster Germany
| | - Stefan Jungen
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Hans Peter Lüthi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Marcella Iannuzzi
- University of Zurich; Department of Chemistry; Winterthurerstr. 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Nicole Hauser
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
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24
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Egami H, Usui Y, Kawamura S, Shimizu R, Nagashima S, Sodeoka M. Mechanistic study on a unique SN2′-type reaction of allylic alcohols with organolithium reagent accelerated by a proximal trifluoromethyl group. J Fluor Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Egami H, Usui Y, Kawamura S, Nagashima S, Sodeoka M. Product Control in Alkene Trifluoromethylation: Hydrotrifluoromethylation, Vinylic Trifluoromethylation, and Iodotrifluoromethylation using Togni Reagent. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:2190-9. [PMID: 25960034 PMCID: PMC4600224 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrotrifluoromethylation, vinylic trifluoromethylation, and iodotrifluoromethylation of simple alkenes have been achieved by using Togni reagent in the absence of any transition metal catalyst. These reactions were readily controllable by selection of appropriate salts and solvents. The addition of K2CO3 afforded the hydrotrifluoromethylation product, with DMF acting not only as a solvent, but also as the hydrogen source. In contrast, the use of tetra-n-butylammonium iodide (TBAI) in 1,4-dioxane resulted in vinylic trifluoromethylation, while the use of KI afforded the iodotrifluoromethylation product. The vinylic trifluoromethylation product was obtained by treatment of the iodotrifluoromethylation product with ammonium 2-iodobenzoate, indicating that it was formed through an elimination reaction of the in-situ-generated iodotrifluoromethylation product, and the solubility of the resulting 2-iodobenzoate salt plays a key role in the product switching. A radical-clock experiment showed that these reactions proceed via radical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Egami
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan E-mail:
- Sodeoka Live Cell Chemistry Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Usui
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan E-mail:
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka5-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kawamura
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan E-mail:
- Sodeoka Live Cell Chemistry Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Sayoko Nagashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka5-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan E-mail:
- Sodeoka Live Cell Chemistry Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka5-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
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26
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Tomita R, Koike T, Akita M. Photoredox-Catalyzed Stereoselective Conversion of Alkynes into Tetrasubstituted Trifluoromethylated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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Tomita R, Koike T, Akita M. Photoredox‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Conversion of Alkynes into Tetrasubstituted Trifluoromethylated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12923-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren Tomita
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1‐27, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori‐ku, Yokohama 226‐8503 (Japan)
| | - Takashi Koike
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1‐27, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori‐ku, Yokohama 226‐8503 (Japan)
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1‐27, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori‐ku, Yokohama 226‐8503 (Japan)
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28
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Ling L, Liu K, Li X, Li Y. General Reaction Mode of Hypervalent Iodine Trifluoromethylation Reagent: A Density Functional Theory Study. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501892s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ling
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Xinqian Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yuxue Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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29
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Gao P, Song XR, Liu XY, Liang YM. Recent Developments in the Trifluoromethylation of Alkynes. Chemistry 2015; 21:7648-61. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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30
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Besset T, Poisson T, Pannecoucke X. Direct Vicinal Difunctionalization of Alkynes: An Efficient Approach Towards the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Fluorinated Alkenes. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Früh N, Charpentier J, Togni A. Iodanes as Trifluoromethylation Reagents. HYPERVALENT IODINE CHEMISTRY 2015; 373:167-86. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2015_658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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32
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Egami H, Ide T, Kawato Y, Hamashima Y. Benzylic C–H trifluoromethylation of phenol derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16675-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07011b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenol derivatives were trifluoromethylated using copper/Togni reagent. Reaction in DMF selectively gave benzylic trifluoromethylation products, whereas aromatic trifluoromethylation products were obtained in t-BuOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
| | - Takafumi Ide
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
| | - Yuji Kawato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
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33
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Ji YL, Lin JH, Xiao JC, Gu YC. Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Trifluoromethyl Enones by AuI/CuI-Co-Catalyzed Tandem 1,3-Acyloxy Migration/Trifluoromethylation Reaction of Propargyl Acetates. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Lin QY, Xu XH, Qing FL. Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselective Trifluoromethylation of Styrenes via Visible Light-Driven Single-Electron Transfer (SET) and Triplet–Triplet Energy Transfer (TTET) Processes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10434-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502040t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Lin
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
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