1
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Schauenburg D, Zech F, Heck AJ, von Maltitz P, Harms M, Führer S, Alleva N, Münch J, Kuan SL, Kirchhoff F, Weil T. Peptide Bispecifics Inhibiting HIV-1 Infection by an Orthogonal Chemical and Supramolecular Strategy. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1645-1652. [PMID: 37665137 PMCID: PMC10515486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections pose a significant threat to human health, and effective antiviral strategies are urgently needed. Antiviral peptides have emerged as a promising class of therapeutic agents due to their unique properties and mechanisms of action. While effective on their own, combining antiviral peptides may allow us to enhance their potency and to prevent viral resistance. Here, we developed an orthogonal chemical strategy to prepare a heterodimeric peptide conjugate assembled on a protein-based nanoplatform. Specifically, we combined the optimized version of two peptides inhibiting HIV-1 by distinct mechanisms. Virus-inhibitory peptide (VIRIP) is a 20 amino acid fragment of α1-antitrypsin that inhibits HIV-1 by targeting the gp41 fusion peptide. Endogenous peptide inhibitor of CXCR4 (EPI-X4) is a 16-residue fragment of human serum albumin that prevents HIV-1 entry by binding to the viral CXCR4 co-receptor. Optimized forms of both peptides are assembled on supramolecular nanoplatforms through the streptavidin-biotin interaction. We show that the construct consisting of the two different peptides (SAv-VIR-102C9-EPI-X4 JM#173-C) shows increased activity against CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 variants. Our results are a proof of concept that peptides with different modes of action can be assembled on nanoplatforms to enhance their antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schauenburg
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Zech
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Astrid Johanna Heck
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Pascal von Maltitz
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mirja Harms
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Siska Führer
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nico Alleva
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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2
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Abstract
The polymerization of biomolecules is a central operation in biology that connects molecular signals with proliferative and information-rich events in cells. As molecules arrange precisely across 3-D space, they create new functional capabilities such as catalysis and transport highways and exhibit new phase separation phenomena that fuel nonequilibrium dynamics in cells. Hence, the observed polymer chemistry manifests itself as a molecular basis leading to cellular phenotypes, expressed as a multitude of hierarchical structures found in cell biology. Although many milestone discoveries had accompanied the rise of the synthetic polymer era, fundamental studies were realized within a closed, pristine environment and that their behavior in a complex multicomponent system remains challenging and thus unexplored. From this perspective, there is a rich trove of undiscovered knowledge that awaits the polymer science community that can revolutionize understanding in the interactive nanoscale world of the living cell.In this Account, we discuss the strategies that have enabled synthetic polymer chemistry to be conducted within the cells (membrane inclusive) and to establish monomer design principles that offer spatiotemporal control of the polymerization. As reaction considerations such as monomer concentration, polymer growth dynamics, and reactivities are intertwined with the subcellular environment and transport processes, we first provide a chemical narrative of each major cellular compartment. The conditions within each compartment will therefore set the boundaries on the type of polymer chemistry that can be conducted. Both covalent and supramolecular polymerization concepts are explored separately in the context of scaffold design, polymerization mechanism, and activation. To facilitate transport into a localized subcellular space, we show that monomers can be reversibly modified by targeting groups or stimulus-responsive motifs that react within the specific compartment. Upon polymerization, we discuss the characterization of the resultant polymeric structures and how these phase-separated structures would impact biological processes such as cell cycle, metabolism, and apoptosis. As we begin to integrate cellular biochemistry with in situ polymer science, we identify landmark challenges and technological hurdles that, when overcome, would lead to invaluable discoveries in macromolecular therapeutics and biology.
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3
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Fleckenstein M, Herr K, Theiß F, Knecht S, Wienands L, Brodrecht M, Reggelin M, Buntkowsky G. A disintegrin derivative as a case study for PHIP labeling of disulfide bridged biomolecules. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2337. [PMID: 35149768 PMCID: PMC8837631 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A specific labeling strategy for bioactive molecules is presented for eptifibatide (integrilin) an antiplatelet aggregation inhibitor, which derives from the disintegrin protein barbourin in the venom of certain rattlesnakes. By specifically labeling the disulfide bridge this molecule becomes accessible for the nuclear spin hyperpolarization method of parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP). The PHIP-label was synthesized and inserted into the disulfide bridge of eptifibatide via reduction of the peptide and insertion by a double Michael addition under physiological conditions. This procedure is universally applicable for disulfide-containing biomolecules and preserves their tertiary structure with a minimum of change. HPLC and MS spectra prove the successful insertion of the label. 1H-PHIP-NMR experiments yield a factor of over 1000 as lower limit for the enhancement factor. These results demonstrate the high potential of the labeling strategy for the introduction of site selective PHIP-labels into biomolecules’ disulfide bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Fleckenstein
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kevin Herr
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franziska Theiß
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stephan Knecht
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Laura Wienands
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Brodrecht
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Reggelin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
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4
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Raabe M, Heck AJ, Führer S, Schauenburg D, Pieszka M, Wang T, Zegota MM, Nuhn L, Ng DYW, Kuan SL, Weil T. Assembly of pH-Responsive Antibody-Drug-Inspired Conjugates. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100299. [PMID: 34791790 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of chemical strategies that allow the design of smart bioconjugates, peptide- and protein-drug conjugates are emerging as highly efficient therapeutics to overcome limitations of conventional treatment, as exemplified by antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). While targeting peptides serve similar roles as antibodies to recognize overexpressed receptors on diseased cell surfaces, peptide-drug conjugates suffer from poor stability and bioavailability due to their low molecular weights. Through a combination of a supramolecular protein-based assembly platform and a pH-responsive linker, the authors devise herein the convenient assembly of a trivalent protein-drug conjugate. The conjugate should ideally possess distinct features of ADCs such as 1) recognition sites that recognize cell receptor and are arranged on 2) distinct locations on a high molecular weight protein scaffold, 3) a stimuli-responsive linker, as well as 4) an attached payload such as a drug molecule. These AD-like conjugates target cancer cells that overexpress somatostatin receptors, can enable controlled release in the microenvironment of cancer cells through a new pH-responsive biotin linker, and exhibit stability in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Raabe
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany.,Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Astrid Johanna Heck
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Siska Führer
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Dominik Schauenburg
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Michaela Pieszka
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany.,Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 600213, P. R. China
| | - Maksymilian Marek Zegota
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Lutz Nuhn
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - David Y W Ng
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
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5
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Herr K, Fleckenstein M, Brodrecht M, Höfler MV, Heise H, Aussenac F, Gutmann T, Reggelin M, Buntkowsky G. A novel strategy for site selective spin-labeling to investigate bioactive entities by DNP and EPR spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13714. [PMID: 34211027 PMCID: PMC8249612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel specific spin-labeling strategy for bioactive molecules is presented for eptifibatide (integrilin) an antiplatelet aggregation inhibitor, which derives from the venom of certain rattlesnakes. By specifically labeling the disulfide bridge this molecule becomes accessible for analytical techniques such as Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and solid state Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP). The necessary spin-label was synthesized and inserted into the disulfide bridge of eptifibatide via reductive followed by insertion by a double Michael addition under physiological conditions. This procedure is universally applicable for disulfide containing biomolecules and is expected to preserve their tertiary structure with minimal change due to the small size of the label and restoring of the previous disulfide connection. HPLC and MS analysis show the successful introduction of the spin label and EPR spectroscopy confirms its activity. DNP-enhanced solid state NMR experiments show signal enhancement factors of up to 19 in 13C CP MAS experiments which corresponds to time saving factors of up to 361. This clearly shows the high potential of our new spin labeling strategy for the introduction of site selective radical spin labels into biomolecules and biosolids without compromising its conformational integrity for structural investigations employing solid-state DNP or advanced EPR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Herr
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Max Fleckenstein
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Brodrecht
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Mark V Höfler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Henrike Heise
- Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Institute of Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fabien Aussenac
- Bruker France SAS, 34 rue de l'industrie, 67160, Wissembourg, France
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Reggelin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
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6
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7
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Xu L, Raabe M, Zegota MM, Nogueira JCF, Chudasama V, Kuan SL, Weil T. Site-selective protein modification via disulfide rebridging for fast tetrazine/trans-cyclooctene bioconjugation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1140-1147. [PMID: 31971218 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02687h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction between tetrazine and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) holds great promise for protein modification and manipulation. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a tetrazine-based disulfide rebridging reagent, which allows the site-selective installation of a tetrazine group into disulfide-containing peptides and proteins such as the hormone somatostatin (SST) and the antigen binding fragment (Fab) of human immunoglobulin G (IgG). The fast and efficient conjugation of the tetrazine modified proteins with three different TCO-containing substrates to form a set of bioconjugates in a site-selective manner was successfully demonstrated for the first time. Homogeneous, well-defined bioconjugates were obtained underlining the great potential of our method for fast bioconjugation in emerging protein therapeutics. The formed bioconjugates were stable against glutathione and in serum, and they maintained their secondary structure. With this work, we broaden the scope of tetrazine chemistry for site-selective protein modification to prepare well-defined SST and Fab conjugates with preserved structures and good stability under biologically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujuan Xu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marco Raabe
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Maksymilian M Zegota
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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8
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Chen C, Wunderlich K, Mukherji D, Koynov K, Heck AJ, Raabe M, Barz M, Fytas G, Kremer K, Ng DYW, Weil T. Precision Anisotropic Brush Polymers by Sequence Controlled Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1332-1340. [PMID: 31829581 PMCID: PMC6978811 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The programming of nanomaterials at molecular length-scales to control architecture and function represents a pinnacle in soft materials synthesis. Although elusive in synthetic materials, Nature has evolutionarily refined macromolecular synthesis with perfect atomic resolution across three-dimensional space that serves specific functions. We show that biomolecules, specifically proteins, provide an intrinsic macromolecular backbone for the construction of anisotropic brush polymers with monodisperse lengths via grafting-from strategy. Using human serum albumin as a model, its sequence was exploited to chemically transform a single cysteine, such that the expression of said functionality is asymmetrically placed along the backbone of the eventual brush polymer. This positional monofunctionalization strategy was connected with biotin-streptavidin interactions to demonstrate the capabilities for site-specific self-assembly to create higher ordered architectures. Supported by systematic experimental and computational studies, we envisioned that this macromolecular platform provides unique avenues and perspectives in macromolecular design for both nanoscience and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojian Chen
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Ulm
University, Albert-Einstein-Allee
11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Katrin Wunderlich
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Debashish Mukherji
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Stewart
Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University
of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Astrid Johanna Heck
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marco Raabe
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Ulm
University, Albert-Einstein-Allee
11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Johannes
Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Fytas
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation
for Research and Technology, P.O. Box
1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Kurt Kremer
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Yuen Wah Ng
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Ulm
University, Albert-Einstein-Allee
11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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9
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Datta D, Jana S, Tiwari O. Tubular to spherical mesoscopic self‐assembly of C‐ and N‐termini capped dileucines. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhrubajyoti Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology Unit Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune India
| | - Saibal Jana
- Department of Bionano Technology Hanyang University Ansan Republic of Korea
| | - Omshanker Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology Unit Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune India
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10
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Amino-terminated supramolecular cucurbit [6] uril pseudorotaxane complexes immobilized on magnetite@silica nanoparticles: A highly efficient sorbent for salvianolic acids. Talanta 2019; 195:354-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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11
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Kuan SL, Bergamini FRG, Weil T. Functional protein nanostructures: a chemical toolbox. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:9069-9105. [PMID: 30452046 PMCID: PMC6289173 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00590g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nature has evolved an optimal synthetic factory in the form of translational and posttranslational processes by which millions of proteins with defined primary sequences and 3D structures can be built. Nature's toolkit gives rise to protein building blocks, which dictates their spatial arrangement to form functional protein nanostructures that serve a myriad of functions in cells, ranging from biocatalysis, formation of structural networks, and regulation of biochemical processes, to sensing. With the advent of chemical tools for site-selective protein modifications and recombinant engineering, there is a rapid development to develop and apply synthetic methods for creating structurally defined, functional protein nanostructures for a broad range of applications in the fields of catalysis, materials and biomedical sciences. In this review, design principles and structural features for achieving and characterizing functional protein nanostructures by synthetic approaches are summarized. The synthetic customization of protein building blocks, the design and introduction of recognition units and linkers and subsequent assembly into structurally defined protein architectures are discussed herein. Key examples of these supramolecular protein nanostructures, their unique functions and resultant impact for biomedical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seah Ling Kuan
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I – Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
| | - Fernando R. G. Bergamini
- Institute of Chemistry
, Federal University of Uberlândia – UFU
,
38400-902 Uberlândia
, MG
, Brazil
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I – Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
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12
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Forte N, Chudasama V, Baker JR. Homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates via site-selective disulfide bridging. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2018; 30:11-20. [PMID: 30553515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) constructed using site-selective labelling methodologies are likely to dominate the next generation of these targeted therapeutics. To this end, disulfide bridging has emerged as a leading strategy as it allows the production of highly homogeneous ADCs without the need for antibody engineering. It consists of targeting reduced interchain disulfide bonds with reagents which reconnect the resultant pairs of cysteine residues, whilst simultaneously attaching drugs. The 3 main reagent classes which have been exemplified for the construction of ADCs by disulfide bridging will be discussed in this review; bissulfones, next generation maleimides and pyridazinediones, along with others in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafsika Forte
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - James R Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK.
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13
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Seidler C, Zegota MM, Raabe M, Kuan SL, Ng DYW, Weil T. Dynamic Core-Shell Bioconjugates for Targeted Protein Delivery and Release. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3474-3479. [PMID: 30036452 PMCID: PMC6283003 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent chemistry is a versatile and powerful tool that integrates both stable chemical bonds and stimulus responsiveness into the construction of smart biotherapeutics. With minimalistic molecular design, a dynamic covalent protein assembly that incorporates selective targeting and intracellular release upon pH stimulus is presented. The construct comprises an active enzymatic protein core (cytochrome c) self-assembled with cancer cell targeting motifs (somatostatin) through boronic acid/salicylhydroxamate chemistry. The bioorthogonal assembly takes place rapidly under neutral aqueous conditions while the release of the protein is initiated under acidic conditions found within cellular vesicles during uptake. By demonstrating that these modular components act in synergy, we show the broad applicability of such chemical strategies to advance the frontier of modern nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Seidler
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | | | - Marco Raabe
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - David Y. W. Ng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
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14
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Barkley DA, Han SU, Koga T, Rudick JG. Peptide-Dendron Hybrids that Adopt Sequence-Encoded β-Sheet Conformations. Polym Chem 2018; 9:4994-5001. [PMID: 30923581 PMCID: PMC6433408 DOI: 10.1039/c8py00882e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Rational design rules for programming hierarchical organization and function through mutations of monomers in sequence-defined polymers can accelerate the development of novel polymeric and supramolecular materials. Our strategy for designing peptide-dendron hybrids that adopt predictable secondary and quaternary structures in bulk is based on patterning the sites at which dendrons are conjugated to short peptides. To validate this approach, we have designed and characterized a series of β-sheet-forming peptide-dendron hybrids. Spectroscopic studies of the hybrids in films reveal that the peptide portion of the hybrids adopts the intended secondary structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A. Barkley
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Sang Uk Han
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Tadanori Koga
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Jonathan G. Rudick
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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15
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Morais M, Ma MT. Site-specific chelator-antibody conjugation for PET and SPECT imaging with radiometals. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2018; 30:91-104. [PMID: 30553525 PMCID: PMC6291455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies and their derivatives radiolabelled with positron- and gamma-emitting radiometals enable sensitive and quantitative molecular Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging of antibody distribution in vivo. Chelators that are covalently attached to antibodies allow radiolabelling with metallic PET and SPECT radioisotopes. Conventional strategies for chelator-protein conjugation generate heterogeneous mixtures of bioconjugates that can exhibit reduced affinity for their receptor targets, and undesirable biodistribution and pharmacokinetics. Recent advances in bioconjugation technology enable site-specific modification to generate well-defined constructs with superior properties. Herein we survey existing site-specific chelator-protein conjugation methods. These include chelator attachment to cysteines/disulfide bonds or the glycan region of the antibody, enzyme-mediated chelator conjugation, and incorporation of sequences of amino acids that chelate the radiometal. Such technology will allow better use of PET and SPECT imaging in the development of antibody-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Morais
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
| | - Michelle T Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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16
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Liu W, Boldt F, Tokura Y, Wang T, Agrawalla BK, Wu Y, Weil T. Encoding function into polypeptide-oligonucleotide precision biopolymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11797-11800. [PMID: 30280162 PMCID: PMC6192144 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel synthesis strategy to prepare precision polymers providing exact chain lengths, molecular weights and monomer sequences that allow post modifications by convenient DNA hybridization. Two grafted single strand DNA (ssDNA) side chains serve as a versatile platform for sequence-specific attachment of chromophores, proteins, cell-targeting peptide, and a Y-shape DNA linker. This approach resembles a LEGO®-type incorporation of functionalities to create functional biopolymers of high structure definition under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Liu
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
, Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
| | - Felix Boldt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
, Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
| | - Yu Tokura
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
, Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
, Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
, Southwest Jiaotong University
,
610031
, Chengdu
, China
| | - Bikram Keshari Agrawalla
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
, Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica
, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
,
Luoyu Road 1037
, 430074 Hongshan
, Wuhan
, P. R. China
.
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research
,
Ackermannweg 10
, 55128 Mainz
, Germany
.
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
, Ulm University
,
Albert-Einstein-Allee 11
, 89081 Ulm
, Germany
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17
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Kuan SL, Fischer S, Hafner S, Wang T, Syrovets T, Liu W, Tokura Y, Ng DYW, Riegger A, Förtsch C, Jäger D, Barth TFE, Simmet T, Barth H, Weil T. Boosting Antitumor Drug Efficacy with Chemically Engineered Multidomain Proteins. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1701036. [PMID: 30128225 PMCID: PMC6097141 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201701036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A facile chemical approach integrating supramolecular chemistry, site-selective protein chemistry, and molecular biology is described to engineer synthetic multidomain protein therapeutics that sensitize cancer cells selectively to significantly enhance antitumor efficacy of existing chemotherapeutics. The desired bioactive entities are assembled via supramolecular interactions at the nanoscale into structurally ordered multiprotein complexes comprising a) multiple copies of the chemically modified cyclic peptide hormone somatostatin for selective targeting and internalization into human A549 lung cancer cells expressing SST-2 receptors and b) a new cysteine mutant of the C3bot1 (C3) enzyme from Clostridium botulinum, a Rho protein inhibitor that affects and influences intracellular Rho-mediated processes like endothelial cell migration and blood vessel formation. The multidomain protein complex, SST3-Avi-C3, retargets C3 enzyme into non-small cell lung A549 cancer cells and exhibits exceptional tumor inhibition at a concentration ≈100-fold lower than the clinically approved antibody bevacizumab (Avastin) in vivo. Notably, SST3-Avi-C3 increases tumor sensitivity to a conventional chemotherapeutic (doxorubicin) in vivo. These findings show that the integrated approach holds vast promise to expand the current repertoire of multidomain protein complexes and can pave the way to important new developments in the area of targeted and combination cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seah Ling Kuan
- Max‐Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Stephan Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Ulm Medical CenterAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Susanne Hafner
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical PharmacologyUlm UniversityHelmholtzstraße 2089081UlmGermany
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong University610031ChengduP. R. China
| | - Tatiana Syrovets
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical PharmacologyUlm UniversityHelmholtzstraße 2089081UlmGermany
| | - Weina Liu
- Max‐Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Yu Tokura
- Max‐Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - David Yuen Wah Ng
- Max‐Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Andreas Riegger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Christina Förtsch
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Ulm Medical CenterAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Daniela Jäger
- Institute of PathologyUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 2389070UlmGermany
| | - Thomas F. E. Barth
- Institute of PathologyUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 2389070UlmGermany
| | - Thomas Simmet
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical PharmacologyUlm UniversityHelmholtzstraße 2089081UlmGermany
| | - Holger Barth
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Ulm Medical CenterAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max‐Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
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18
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Schäfer O, Barz M. Of Thiols and Disulfides: Methods for Chemoselective Formation of Asymmetric Disulfides in Synthetic Peptides and Polymers. Chemistry 2018; 24:12131-12142. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Schäfer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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19
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Li Z, Huang R, Xu H, Chen J, Zhan Y, Zhou X, Chen H, Jiang B. Divinylsulfonamides as Specific Linkers for Stapling Disulfide Bonds in Peptides. Org Lett 2017; 19:4972-4975. [PMID: 28880566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new class of N-phenyl-divinylsulfonamides which can be easily prepared have been successfully developed and utilized as efficient linkers in the field of disulfide bond modification. Functional divinylsulfonamides provide opportunities for the specific introduction of various functionalities, including affinity probes, fluorescent tags, and drugs, into peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Li
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiakang Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuexiong Zhan
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xianhao Zhou
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210, China
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20
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Gegenhuber T, Abt D, Welle A, Özbek S, Goldmann AS, Barner-Kowollik C. Spatially resolved photochemical coding of reversibly anchored cysteine-rich domains. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4993-5000. [PMID: 32264016 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00962c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel methodology to generate recodable surfaces using cysteine-rich domains (CRD) via a combination of photolithography and reversible covalently peptide-driven disulfide formation. Therefore, two 21mer CRD peptide derivatives were synthesized, one bearing an electron deficient fumarate group for immobilization via nitrile imine-ene mediated cycloaddition (NITEC) to a tetrazole-functional surface. Secondly, a bromine moiety is introduced to the CRD for analytic labelling purposes to detect surface encoding. The photolithography is conducted by selectively passivating the surface with a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-fumarate via NITEC using a photomask in a dotted pattern. Consecutively, the CRD-fumarate is immobilized via NITEC adjacent to the PEG-functional areas to the unaffected tetrazole covered surface layer. Subsequently, the CRD-bromide is covalently linked to the CRD-fumarate by forming disulfide bonds under mild reoxidative conditions in a buffer solution. The CRD-bromide is released from the surface upon reduction to recover the prior state of the surface without the bromine marker. The analysis of the CRD precursors is based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The surface analytics were carried out via time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), unambiguously verifying the successful immobilization as well as coding and decoding of the CRD-bromide on the surface based on dynamically reversible disulfide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gegenhuber
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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21
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Iannazzo D, Pistone A, Ziccarelli I, Espro C, Galvagno S, Giofré SV, Romeo R, Cicero N, Bua GD, Lanza G, Legnani L, Chiacchio MA. Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters using dendrimer-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:14735-14747. [PMID: 28470495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimer-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) for heavy metal ion removal from wastewaters were developed. Triazole dendrimers (TD) were built directly onto the carbon nanotube surface by successive click chemistry reactions affording the zero- and first-generation dendrimer-functionalized MWCNT (MWCNT-TD1 and MWCNT-TD2). The Moedritzer-Irani reaction carried out on the amino groups present on the MWCNT-TD2 sample gave the corresponding α-aminophosphonate nanosystem MWCNT-TD2P. Both MWCNT-TD2 and MWCNT-TD2P nanosystems have been characterized by physical, chemical, and morphological analyses. Their chelating abilities towards the toxic metal ions Pb2+, Hg2+, and Ni2+ and the harmless Ca2+ ion have been experimentally evaluated in the two different sets of experiments and at the salt concentrations of 1 mg/mL or 1 μg/mL by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results of these studies pointed out the interesting chelating behavior for the phosphonated nanosystem towards the Hg2+ ion. The complexation mode of the best chelating system MWCNT-TD2P with mercury was investigated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations, suggesting a chelation mechanism involving the two oxygen atoms of the phosphate group. The synthesized dendrimers, supported on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes, have shown the potential to be used for the selective toxic metal ion removal and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iannazzo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Pistone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Ida Ziccarelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Espro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Signorino Galvagno
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore V Giofré
- Dipartimento di Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche ed ambientali, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Romeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche ed ambientali, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche, odontoiatriche e delle immagini morfologiche e funzionali, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D Bua
- Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche, odontoiatriche e delle immagini morfologiche e funzionali, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Catania, V.le Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Legnani
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Catania, V.le Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria A Chiacchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Catania, V.le Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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22
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Riegger A, Chen C, Zirafi O, Daiss N, Mukherji D, Walter K, Tokura Y, Stöckle B, Kremer K, Kirchhoff F, Yuen Wah Ng D, Christian Hermann P, Münch J, Weil T. Synthesis of Peptide-Functionalized Poly(bis-sulfone) Copolymers Regulating HIV-1 Entry and Cancer Stem Cell Migration. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:241-246. [PMID: 35650920 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-polymer conjugates have been regarded as primary stronghold in biohybrid nanomedicine, which has seen extensive development due to its intrinsic property to provide complementary functions of both the peptide material and the synthetic polymer platform. Here we present an advanced macromolecular therapeutic that targets two exclusive classes of important diseases (namely, the HIV and cancer) that are implicated by extremely different causative agents. Using a facile thiol-reactive monomer, the eventual polymer facilitates multivalent conjugation of an endogenous peptide WSC02 that targets the CXCR4 chemokine receptor. The biohybrid material demonstrated both potent antiviral effects against HIV-1 as well as inhibiting cancer stem cell migration thus establishing the foundation for multimodal nanotherapeutics that simultaneously target more than one class of disease implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Riegger
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Chaojian Chen
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Onofrio Zirafi
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Centre, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Debashish Mukherji
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Yu Tokura
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Kurt Kremer
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Centre, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - David Yuen Wah Ng
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Jan Münch
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Centre, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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23
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Kuan SL, Wang T, Weil T. Site-Selective Disulfide Modification of Proteins: Expanding Diversity beyond the Proteome. Chemistry 2016; 22:17112-17129. [PMID: 27778400 PMCID: PMC5600100 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic transformation of polypeptides with molecular accuracy holds great promise for providing functional and structural diversity beyond the proteome. Consequently, the last decade has seen an exponential growth of site-directed chemistry to install additional features into peptides and proteins even inside living cells. The disulfide rebridging strategy has emerged as a powerful tool for site-selective modifications since most proteins contain disulfide bonds. In this Review, we present the chemical design, advantages and limitations of the disulfide rebridging reagents, while summarizing their relevance for synthetic customization of functional protein bioconjugates, as well as the resultant impact and advancement for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seah Ling Kuan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry IIIUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry IIIUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031P.R. China
| | - Tanja Weil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry IIIUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
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24
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Wang T, Zabarska N, Wu Y, Lamla M, Fischer S, Monczak K, Ng DYW, Rau S, Weil T. Receptor selective ruthenium-somatostatin photosensitizer for cancer targeted photodynamic applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:12552-5. [PMID: 26153573 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03473f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The efficient conjugation of a ruthenium complex and the peptide hormone somatostatin is presented. The resultant biohybrid offers valuable features for photodynamic therapy such as remarkable cellular selectivity, rapid cell uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis, efficient generation of (1)O2 upon irradiation, potent phototoxicity as well as low cytotoxicity in the "off"-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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25
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Gunnoo SB, Madder A. Chemical Protein Modification through Cysteine. Chembiochem 2016; 17:529-53. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Smita B. Gunnoo
- Organic & Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 9000 Gent Belgium
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic & Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group; Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 9000 Gent Belgium
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26
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Wang T, Riegger A, Lamla M, Wiese S, Oeckl P, Otto M, Wu Y, Fischer S, Barth H, Kuan SL, Weil T. Water-soluble allyl sulfones for dual site-specific labelling of proteins and cyclic peptides. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3234-3239. [PMID: 29997815 PMCID: PMC6006486 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00005c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allyl sulfones as efficient disulfide rebridging agents for site-specific protein modifications with up to two additional functionalities in water.
Water-soluble allyl sulfones provide convenient site-specific disulfide rebridging of native proteins and cyclic peptides. The site-selective functionalization of (a) the peptide hormone somatostatin, (b) the interchain disulfide of bovine insulin and (c) functionalization of the proteins GFP and lysozyme with allyl sulfones proceeds in aqueous solution. Allyl sulfones offer three functionalizable sites that react with thiol containing molecules in a step-wise fashion. Dual labeling of proteins and cyclic peptides is achieved i.e. the attachment of a chromophore and an affinity tag in a single reaction step, which is of great significance for the construction of precise multifunctional peptide and protein conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany .
| | - Andreas Riegger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany .
| | - Markus Lamla
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany .
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics , University of Ulm Medical Center , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Patrick Oeckl
- Department of Neurology , University of Ulm Medical Center , Oberer Eselsberg 45 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology , University of Ulm Medical Center , Oberer Eselsberg 45 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany .
| | - Stephan Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Ulm Medical Center , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Holger Barth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Ulm Medical Center , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany .
| | - Tanja Weil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany .
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27
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Zabarska N, Stumper A, Rau S. CuAAC click reactions for the design of multifunctional luminescent ruthenium complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:2338-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04599a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CuAAC (Cu(i) catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition) click chemistry has emerged as a versatile tool in the development of photoactive ruthenium complexes with multilateral potential applicability. Three general concepts for their synthesis and selected applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zabarska
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I
- Ulm University
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Anne Stumper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I
- Ulm University
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I
- Ulm University
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
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Kuan SL, Wang T, Raabe M, Liu W, Lamla M, Weil T. Programming Bioactive Architectures with Cyclic Peptide Amphiphiles. Chempluschem 2015; 80:1347-1353. [PMID: 31973290 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a versatile approach for the synthesis of cyclic peptide amphiphiles of the hormone somatostatin (SST) with tunable lipophilic tails to program bioactive nanoarchitectures. A novel bis-alkylation reagent is synthesized that facilitates the functionalization of SST with a thiol anchor. Different hydrophobic moieties are introduced inspired by a biomimetic palmitoylation approach which opens access to cyclic peptide amphiphiles that display rich self-organization and cell membrane interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seah Ling Kuan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III-Macromolecular Chemistry & Biomaterials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III-Macromolecular Chemistry & Biomaterials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Marco Raabe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III-Macromolecular Chemistry & Biomaterials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Weina Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III-Macromolecular Chemistry & Biomaterials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Markus Lamla
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III-Macromolecular Chemistry & Biomaterials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany)
| | - Tanja Weil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III-Macromolecular Chemistry & Biomaterials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany)
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Abstract
Synthetic polymer chemistry has undergone two major developments in the last two decades. About 20 years ago, reversible-deactivation radical polymerization processes started to give access to a wide range of polymeric architectures made from an almost infinite reservoir of functional building blocks. A few years later, the concept of click chemistry revolutionized the way polymer chemists approached synthetic routes. Among the few reactions that could qualify as click, the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) initially stood out. Soon, many old and new reactions, including cycloadditions, would further enrich the synthetic macromolecular chemistry toolbox. Whether click or not, cycloadditions are in any case powerful tools for designing polymeric materials in a modular fashion, with a high level of functionality and, sometimes, responsiveness. Here, we wish to describe cycloaddition methodologies that have been reported in the last 10 years in the context of macromolecular engineering, with a focus on those developed in our laboratories. The overarching structure of this Account is based on the three most commonly encountered cycloaddition subclasses in organic and macromolecular chemistry: 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, (hetero-)Diels-Alder cycloadditions ((H)DAC), and [2+2] cycloadditions. Our goal is to briefly describe the relevant reaction conditions, the advantages and disadvantages, and the realized polymer applications. Furthermore, the orthogonality of most of these reactions is highlighted because it has proven highly beneficial for generating unique, multifunctional polymers in a one-pot reaction. The overview on 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions is mostly centered on the application of CuAAC as the most travelled route, by far. Besides illustrating the capacity of CuAAC to generate complex polymeric architectures, alternative 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions operating without the need for a catalyst are described. In the area of (H)DA cycloadditions, beyond the popular maleimide/furan couple, we present chemistries based on more reactive species, such as cyclopentadienyl or thiocarbonylthio moieties, particularly stressing the reversibility of these systems. In these two greater families, as well as in the last section on [2+2] cycloadditions, we highlight phototriggered chemistries as a powerful tool for spatially and temporally controlled materials synthesis. Clearly, cycloaddition chemistry already has and will continue to transform the field of polymer chemistry in the years to come. Applying this chemistry enables better control over polymer composition, the development of more complicated polymer architectures, the simplification of polymer library production, and the discovery of novel applications for all of these new polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Delaittre
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nathalie K. Guimard
- INM − Leibniz
Institute for New Materials, Functional Surfaces Group, and Saarland
University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Boutureira
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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