1
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Barot YB, Anand V, Mishra R. Red-Emitting AIEE-Active Rhodamine-Based Ionic Liquid for the Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of Mercury Ions. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 38018428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
A highly fluorescent, red-emitting rhodamine-based imidazolium ionic liquid (RhB-IL) was synthesized, and its structure was extensively verified using various spectroscopic techniques. The novel molecule showed exceptional selectivity toward Hg2+ ions over other competitive metal ions. Additionally, inspired by the solution results, a paper-based device was fabricated by embedding RhB-IL on paper strips and tested for the on-site detection of Hg2+ ions using a portable UV light source. Significantly, the device displayed excellent PL sensing behavior toward Hg2+ with a detection limit of 0.21 nM. In addition, RhB-IL showed the phenomena of aggregation-induced enhanced emission. In fact, when compared to the pure THF solution of RhB-IL, a remarkable 7.7-fold increase in PL intensity was seen for the 90% water fraction. Evidently, this is the first report of a paper-based Hg2+ detection system that uses a red fluorescent ionic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash B Barot
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India
| | - Vivek Anand
- Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Science, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Roli Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India
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2
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Pham TC, Hoang TTH, Tran DN, Kim G, Nguyen TV, Pham TV, Nandanwar S, Tran DL, Park M, Lee S. Imidazolium-Based Heavy-Atom-Free Photosensitizer for Nucleus-Targeted Fluorescence Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47969-47977. [PMID: 37812505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of heavy-atom-free photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has encountered significant challenges in achieving simultaneous high fluorescence emission and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Moreover, the limited water solubility of these PSs imposes further limitations on their biomedical applications. To overcome these obstacles, this study presents a molecular design strategy employing hydrophilic heavy-atom-free PSs based on imidazolium salts. The photophysical properties of these PSs were comprehensively investigated through a combination of experimental and theoretical analyses. Notably, among the synthesized PSs, the ethylcarbazole-naphthoimidazolium (NI-Cz) conjugate exhibited efficient fluorescence emission (ΦF = 0.22) and generation of singlet oxygen (ΦΔ = 0.49), even in highly aqueous environments. The performance of NI-Cz was validated through its application in fluorescence bioimaging and PDT treatment in HeLa cells. Furthermore, NI-Cz holds promise for two-photon excitation and type I ROS generation, nucleus localization, and selective activity against Gram-positive bacteria, thereby expanding its scope for the design of heavy-atom-free PSs and phototheranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Chung Pham
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | | | - Dung Ngoc Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Gun Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Science and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Trang Van Nguyen
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thong Van Pham
- R&D Center, Vietnam Education and Technology Transfer JSC, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Sondavid Nandanwar
- Eco-friendly New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon City 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai Lam Tran
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Myeongkee Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Songyi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
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3
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Crawford H, Dimitriadi M, Bassin J, Cook MT, Abelha TF, Calvo‐Castro J. Mitochondrial Targeting and Imaging with Small Organic Conjugated Fluorophores: A Review. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202366. [PMID: 36121738 PMCID: PMC10092527 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has seen an increasingly large number of studies reporting on the development of novel small organic conjugated systems for mitochondrial imaging exploiting optical signal transduction pathways. Mitochondria are known to play a critical role in a number of key biological processes, including cellular metabolism. Importantly, irregularities on their working function are nowadays understood to be intimately linked to a range of clinical conditions, highlighting the importance of targeting mitochondria for therapeutic benefits. In this work we carry out an in-depth evaluation on the progress to date in the field to pave the way for the realization of superior alternatives to those currently existing. The manuscript is structured by commonly used chemical scaffolds and comprehensively covers key aspects factored in design strategies such as synthetic approaches as well as photophysical and biological characterization, to foster collaborative work among organic and physical chemists as well as cell biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Crawford
- School of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireAL109ABHatfieldUK
| | - Maria Dimitriadi
- School of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireAL109ABHatfieldUK
| | - Jatinder Bassin
- School of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireAL109ABHatfieldUK
| | - Michael T. Cook
- School of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireAL109ABHatfieldUK
| | - Thais Fedatto Abelha
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic ChemistryFaculty of Pharmacy and Food ScienceUniversity of Barcelona08028BarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Nanoscience and NanotechnologyUniversity of Barcelona (IN2UB)08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Jesus Calvo‐Castro
- School of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireAL109ABHatfieldUK
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4
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Kumar GD, Banasiewicz M, Wrzosek A, O'Mari O, Zochowska M, Vullev VI, Jacquemin D, Szewczyk A, Gryko DT. A sensitive zinc probe operating via enhancement of excited-state intramolecular charge transfer. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7439-7447. [PMID: 36102673 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01296k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel highly sensitive fluorescent probes for zinc cations based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole scaffold were designed and synthesized. Large bathochromic shifts (≈80 nm) of fluorescence are observed when the Zn2+-recognition unit (di-(2-picolyl)amine) is bridged with the fluorophore possessing an additional pyridine unit able to participate in the coordination process. This effect originates from the dipolar architecture and the increasing electron-withdrawing properties of the diketopyrrolopyrrole core upon addition of the cation. The new, greenish-yellow emitting probes, which operate via modulation of intramolecular charge transfer, are very sensitive to the presence of Zn2+. Introduction of a morpholine unit in the diketopyrrolopyrrole structure induces a selective six-fold increase of the emission intensity upon zinc coordination. Importantly, the presence of other divalent biologically relevant metal cations has negligible effects and typically even at a 100-fold higher concentration of Mg2+/Zn2+, the effect is comparable. Computational studies rationalize the strong bathochromic shift upon Zn2+-complexation. Decorating the probes with the triphenylphosphonium cation and morpholine unit enables selective localization in the mitochondria and the lysosome of cardiac H9C2 cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dinesh Kumar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Omar O'Mari
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Monika Zochowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Valentine I Vullev
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes University, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR-6230, F-4400 Nantes, France.
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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5
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Kumar GD, Banasiewicz M, Wrzosek A, Kampa RP, Bousquet MHE, Kusy D, Jacquemin D, Szewczyk A, Gryko DT. Probing the flux of mitochondrial potassium using an azacrown-diketopyrrolopyrrole based highly sensitive probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4500-4503. [PMID: 35302138 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00324d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The diketopyrrolopyrrole bearing an aza-18-crown-6 as a binding unit as well as a PPh3+ group is highly sensitive towards K+ and localizes selectively in mitochondria of cardiac H9C2 cells. Fast efflux/influx of mitochondrial K+ can be observed upon stimulation with nigericin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dinesh Kumar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Rafal P Kampa
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Damian Kusy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- University of Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR-6230, F-4400 Nantes, France.
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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Wang J, Xu W, Wang Y, Hua J. Diketopyrrolopyrrole-based fluorescent probe for endogenous bisulfite detection and bisulfite triggered phototoxicity specific in liver cancer cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 262:120098. [PMID: 34252742 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As the main existing form of SO2 derivatives, bisulfite showed closely relationship to many diseases. In this work, a new fluorescent probe (SDPP-DM) based on thienyl-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (SDPP) was designed and synthesized for the detection of endogenous bisulfite. The probe displayed obvious color changes from green to pink towards bisulfite due to the reduced conjugated length caused by the addition to the α,β-unsaturated double bond of its structure, and the change of the fluorescence intensity of SDPP-DM (I/I0) was about 16 folds. In addition, SDPP-DM was prepared a test strip for bisulfite identified by naked eye through color and fluorescence changes. Besides, SDPP-DM was successfully applied to imaging and discriminating different endogenous bisulfite levels in normal and cancer cells of liver. More importantly, the ROS generation and cell viability tests showed the phototoxicity of SDPP-DM triggered by bisulfite, indicating the specific phototoxicity of SDPP-DM towards liver cancer cells than normal liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Rd., Shanghai 200234, PR China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weibo Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Jianli Hua
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237 Shanghai, PR China.
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7
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Xu W, Wang J, Xu C, Hua J, Wang Y. A diketopyrrolopyrrole-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for endogenous leucine aminopeptidase detecting and imaging with specific phototoxicity in tumor cells. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8842-8850. [PMID: 34647119 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) is a vital proteolytic enzyme, and its overexpression is often associated with many physiological diseases, such as liver dysfunction and breast cancer. Therefore, the accurate measurement of LAP concentrations in cells is critical for the diagnosis and prevention of related diseases. Herein, a new ratiometric fluorescent probe, DPP-Leu, based on diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) was designed and synthesized for LAP detection based on the specific enzymatic cleavage of the N-terminal leucine residue. The fluorescence intensity ratio of DPP-Leu (I548/I651) showed a remarkable change in the presence of LAP, with a limit of detection of 0.011 U L-1, and DPP-Leu was successfully applied to detect LAP in fetal bovine serum (FBS) and artificial urine. Cell imaging experiments revealed that DPP-Leu could target mitochondria and distinguish tumor cells with high LAP content from normal cells. Importantly, benefiting from the structural transformation of DPP-Leu to the photosensitizer 4 under LAP catalysis, the probe could kill tumor cells under light irradiation without damaging normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yixueyuan Road 138, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China. .,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China. .,The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Rd., Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Jianli Hua
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yixueyuan Road 138, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China. .,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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8
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Yin J, Huang L, Wu L, Li J, James TD, Lin W. Small molecule based fluorescent chemosensors for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12098-12150. [PMID: 34550134 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment (local environment), including viscosity, temperature, polarity, hypoxia, and acidic-basic status (pH), plays indispensable roles in cellular processes. Significantly, organelles require an appropriate microenvironment to perform their specific physiological functions, and disruption of the microenvironmental homeostasis could lead to malfunctions of organelles, resulting in disorder and disease development. Consequently, monitoring the microenvironment within specific organelles is vital to understand organelle-related physiopathology. Over the past few years, many fluorescent probes have been developed to help reveal variations in the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Given that a comprehensive understanding of the microenvironment in a particular cellular region is of great significance for further exploration of life events, a thorough summary of this topic is urgently required. However, there has not been a comprehensive and critical review published recently on small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors for the cellular microenvironment. With this review, we summarize the recent progress since 2015 towards small-molecule based fluorescent probes for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions, including the mitochondria, lysosomes, lipid drops, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi, nucleus, cytoplasmic matrix and cell membrane. Further classifications at the suborganelle level, according to detection of microenvironmental factors by probes, including polarity, viscosity, temperature, pH and hypoxia, are presented. Notably, in each category, design principles, chemical synthesis, recognition mechanism, fluorescent signals, and bio-imaging applications are summarized and compared. In addition, the limitations of the current microenvironment-sensitive probes are analyzed and the prospects for future developments are outlined. In a nutshell, this review comprehensively summarizes and highlights recent progress towards small molecule based fluorescent probes for sensing and imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions since 2015. We anticipate that this summary will facilitate a deeper understanding of the topic and encourage research directed towards the development of probes for the detection of cellular microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yin
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Vygranenko KV, Poronik YM, Wrzosek A, Szewczyk A, Gryko DT. Red emissive sulfone-rhodols as mitochondrial imaging agents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7782-7785. [PMID: 34263888 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The controlled hydrolysis of sulfone-rhodamines affords a series of core-modified red-emitting rhodols, the fluorescence of which is sensitive to solvent polarity with pronounced bathochromic shifts recorded in both DMSO and CH3CN combined with an up to 8-fold increase in the fluorescence quantum yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna V Vygranenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Yevgen M Poronik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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10
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Pieczykolan M, Derr JB, Chrayteh A, Koszarna B, Clark JA, Vakuliuk O, Jacquemin D, Vullev VI, Gryko DT. The Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Weakly Coupled Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164744. [PMID: 34443329 PMCID: PMC8398321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Three centrosymmetric diketopyrrolopyrroles possessing either two 2-(2′-methoxyphenyl)benzothiazole or two 2-(2′-methoxyphenyl)benzoxazolo-thiophene scaffolds were synthesized in a straightforward manner, and their photophysical properties were investigated. Their emission was significantly bathochromically shifted as compared with that of simple DPPs reaching 650 nm. Judging from theoretical calculations performed with time-dependent density functional theory, in all three cases the excited state was localized on the DPP core and there was no significant CT character. Consequently, emission was almost independent of solvents’ polarity. DPPs possessing 2,5-thiophene units vicinal to DPP core play a role in electronic transitions, resulting in bathochromically shifted absorption and emission. Interestingly, as judged from transient absorption dynamics, intersystem crossing was responsible for the deactivation of the excited states of DPPs possessing para linkers but not in the case of dye bearing meta linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Pieczykolan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
| | - James B. Derr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Amara Chrayteh
- CEISAM Laboratory—UMR 6230, University of Nantes, CNTS, 44035 Nantes, France;
| | - Beata Koszarna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
| | - John A. Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM Laboratory—UMR 6230, University of Nantes, CNTS, 44035 Nantes, France;
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (V.I.V.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Valentine I. Vullev
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (V.I.V.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (B.K.); (O.V.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (V.I.V.); (D.T.G.)
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11
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Wang J, Fang X, Guo X, Wu Q, Gong Q, Yu C, Hao E, Jiao L. Sterically Protected and Conformation-Restricted BOBHY Dyes with Bright Near-Infrared Fluorescence: N 2O-type Expanded BOPHY Dyes Derived from Boronic Acids. Org Lett 2021; 23:4796-4801. [PMID: 34080878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new family of N2O-type hydrazine-containing bipyrrole boron complexes has been developed via a one-pot condensation of formylisoindole, hydrazine, and various organoboronic acids. Because of the conformation-restricted coplanar structure and the axial-substituted aryl groups, these novel dyes show deep-red absorption, bright near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence in both solution and solid states, and good solubility in organic solvents. The derivative with pyridinium ions also has been synthesized as an NIR mitochondrially targetable fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.,Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xingbao Fang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qingbao Gong
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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12
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Hu Y, Long S, Fu H, She Y, Xu Z, Yoon J. Revisiting imidazolium receptors for the recognition of anions: highlighted research during 2010-2019. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 50:589-618. [PMID: 33174897 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00642d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Imidazolium based receptors selectively recognize anions, and have received more and more attention. In 2006 and 2010, we reviewed the mechanism and progress of imidazolium salt recognition of anions, respectively. In the past ten years, new developments have emerged in this area, including some new imidazolium motifs and the identification of a wider variety of biological anions. In this review, we discuss the progress of imidazolium receptors for the recognition of anions in the period of 2010-2019 and highlight the trends in this area. We first classify receptors based on motifs, including some newly emerging receptors, as well as new advances in existing receptor types at this stage. Then we discuss separately according to the types of anions, including ATP, GTP, DNA and RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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13
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Skonieczny K, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Gutkowski K, Haines P, McCosker PM, Laurent AD, Keller PA, Clark T, Jacquemin D, Guldi DM, Gryko DT. How To Make Nitroaromatic Compounds Glow: Next-Generation Large X-Shaped, Centrosymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16104-16113. [PMID: 32492240 PMCID: PMC7689858 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Red‐emissive π‐expanded diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) with fluorescence reaching λ=750 nm can be easily synthesized by a three‐step strategy involving the preparation of diketopyrrolopyrrole followed by N‐arylation and subsequent intramolecular palladium‐catalyzed direct arylation. Comprehensive spectroscopic assays combined with first‐principles calculations corroborated that both N‐arylated and fused DPPs reach a locally excited (S1) state after excitation, followed by internal conversion to states with solvent and structural relaxation, before eventually undergoing intersystem crossing. Only the structurally relaxed state is fluorescent, with lifetimes in the range of several nanoseconds and tens of picoseconds in nonpolar and polar solvents, respectively. The lifetimes correlate with the fluorescence quantum yields, which range from 6 % to 88 % in nonpolar solvents and from 0.4 % and 3.2 % in polar solvents. A very inefficient (T1) population is responsible for fluorescence quantum yields as high as 88 % for the fully fused DPP in polar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Skonieczny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Gutkowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Philipp Haines
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick M McCosker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.,School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Adèle D Laurent
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR, 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR, 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Skonieczny K, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Gutkowski K, Haines P, McCosker PM, Laurent AD, Keller PA, Clark T, Jacquemin D, Guldi DM, Gryko DT. How To Make Nitroaromatic Compounds Glow: Next‐Generation Large X‐Shaped, Centrosymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Skonieczny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Philipp Haines
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Patrick M. McCosker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nägelsbachstrasse 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | | | - Paul A. Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nägelsbachstrasse 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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15
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Pieczykolan M, Sadowski B, Gryko DT. An Efficient Method for the Programmed Synthesis of Multifunctional Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Pieczykolan
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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16
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Pieczykolan M, Sadowski B, Gryko DT. An Efficient Method for the Programmed Synthesis of Multifunctional Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7528-7535. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Pieczykolan
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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17
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Abelha TF, Morris G, Lima SM, Andrade LHC, McLean AJ, Alexander C, Calvo‐Castro J, McHugh CJ. Development of a Neutral Diketopyrrolopyrrole Phosphine Oxide for the Selective Bioimaging of Mitochondria at the Nanomolar Level. Chemistry 2020; 26:3173-3180. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thais F. Abelha
- School of PharmacyThe University of Nottingham University Park NG72RD Nottingham UK
| | - Graeme Morris
- School of Computing, Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of the West of Scotland PA12BE Paisley UK
| | - Sandro M. Lima
- Grupo de Espectroscopia Óptica e FototérmicaUniversidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul CP 351 79804-970 Dourados MS Brazil
| | - Luis H. C. Andrade
- Grupo de Espectroscopia Óptica e FototérmicaUniversidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul CP 351 79804-970 Dourados MS Brazil
| | - Andrew J. McLean
- School of Computing, Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of the West of Scotland PA12BE Paisley UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- School of PharmacyThe University of Nottingham University Park NG72RD Nottingham UK
| | - Jesus Calvo‐Castro
- School of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of Hertfordshire AL109AB Hatfield UK
| | - Callum J. McHugh
- School of Computing, Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of the West of Scotland PA12BE Paisley UK
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18
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Vakuliuk O, Jun YW, Vygranenko K, Clermont G, Reo YJ, Blanchard‐Desce M, Ahn KH, Gryko DT. Modified Isoindolediones as Bright Fluorescent Probes for Cell and Tissue Imaging. Chemistry 2019; 25:13354-13362. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Yong Woong Jun
- Department of Chemistry POSTECH 77 Cheongam-Ro Nam-Gu Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673 Korea
| | - Kateryna Vygranenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Ye Jin Reo
- Department of Chemistry POSTECH 77 Cheongam-Ro Nam-Gu Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673 Korea
| | | | - Kyo Han Ahn
- Department of Chemistry POSTECH 77 Cheongam-Ro Nam-Gu Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673 Korea
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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19
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Banasiewicz M, Stężycki R, Kumar GD, Krzeszewski M, Tasior M, Koszarna B, Janiga A, Vakuliuk O, Sadowski B, Gryko DT, Jacquemin D. Electronic Communication in Pyrrolo[3,2-b
]pyrroles Possessing Sterically Hindered Aromatic Substituents. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Rafał Stężycki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - G. Dinesh Kumar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Maciej Krzeszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Mariusz Tasior
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Beata Koszarna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anita Janiga
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; 2, rue de la Houssinière 44322 Nantes, Cedex 3 France
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20
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Sun W, Liu XY, Cui JX, Ma LL, Zhang Y, Lu ZL, He L. Mitochondria targeting two-photon fluorescent molecules for gene transfection and biological tracking. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00662a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria targeting two-photon fluorescent organic molecules are applied in gene transfection in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Xu-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Jing-Xue Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Le-Le Ma
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Lan He
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control
- Beijing
- China
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21
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Diao R, Ye H, Yang Z, Zhang S, Kong K, Hua J. Significant improvement of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based donor–acceptor conjugated polymers through side-chain engineering. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01404g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution rate of PDPP3B-O4 with butoxy chain was 5.53 mmol h−1 g−1 with 1% Pt loading (λ > 400 nm), increased 110 times than PDPP3B-C8 with octyl chain due to wider absorption spectrum and better wettability via side chain engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Diao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Haonan Ye
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Zhicheng Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Shicong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Kangyi Kong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Jianli Hua
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
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22
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Schramm S, Weiß D. Fluorescent heterocycles: Recent trends and new developments. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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23
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Tasior M, Clermont G, Blanchard-Desce M, Jacquemin D, Gryko DT. Synthesis of Bis(arylethynyl)pyrrolo[3,2-b
]pyrroles and Effect of Intramolecular Charge Transfer on Their Photophysical Behavior. Chemistry 2018; 25:598-608. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Tasior
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR CNRS 5255; Université de Bordeaux; Cours de la libération 351 33405 Talence France
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR CNRS 5255; Université de Bordeaux; Cours de la libération 351 33405 Talence France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; Rue de la Houssinière 2 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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24
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Sadowski B, Loebnitz M, Dombrowski DR, Friese DH, Gryko DT. Electron-Rich Dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones: Synthesis and Optical Properties. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11645-11653. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcel Loebnitz
- Heinrich Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische und Computerchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dennis R. Dombrowski
- Heinrich Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische und Computerchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel H. Friese
- Heinrich Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische und Computerchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Ardizzone A, Blasi D, Vona D, Rosspeintner A, Punzi A, Altamura E, Grimaldi N, Sala S, Vauthey E, Farinola GM, Ratera I, Ventosa N, Veciana J. Highly Stable and Red-Emitting Nanovesicles Incorporating Lipophilic Diketopyrrolopyrroles for Cell Imaging. Chemistry 2018; 24:11386-11392. [PMID: 29869811 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) have recently attracted much interest as very bright and photostable red-emitting molecules. However, their tendency to form nonfluorescent aggregates in water through the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect is a major issue that limits their application under the microscope. Herein, two DPP molecules have been incorporated into the membrane of highly stable and water-soluble quatsomes (QS; nanovesicles composed of surfactants and sterols), which allow their nanostructuration in water and, at the same time, limits the ACQ effect. The obtained fluorescent organic nanoparticles showed superior structural homogeneity, along with long-term colloidal and optical stability. A thorough one- (1P) and two-photon (2P) fluorescence characterization revealed the promising photophysical features of these fluorescent nanovesicles, which showed a high 1P and 2P brightness. Finally, the fluorescent QSs were used for the in vitro bioimaging of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell lines; this demonstrates their potential as nanomaterials for bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ardizzone
- Nanomol Department, Institut Ciencia Materials Barcelona, (CSIC)-CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Davide Blasi
- Nanomol Department, Institut Ciencia Materials Barcelona, (CSIC)-CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Danilo Vona
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Arnulf Rosspeintner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet, 30, 1211, Geneve 4, Switzerland
| | - Angela Punzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Emiliano Altamura
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Natascia Grimaldi
- Nanomol Department, Institut Ciencia Materials Barcelona, (CSIC)-CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Santi Sala
- Nanomol Department, Institut Ciencia Materials Barcelona, (CSIC)-CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet, 30, 1211, Geneve 4, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca M Farinola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Imma Ratera
- Nanomol Department, Institut Ciencia Materials Barcelona, (CSIC)-CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Nora Ventosa
- Nanomol Department, Institut Ciencia Materials Barcelona, (CSIC)-CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Nanomol Department, Institut Ciencia Materials Barcelona, (CSIC)-CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
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26
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Day PN, Pachter R, Nguyen KA. Theoretical Analysis of Optical Absorption and Emission in Mixed Noble Metal Nanoclusters. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4058-4066. [PMID: 29641901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we studied theoretically two hybrid gold-silver clusters, which were reported to have dual-band emission, using density functional theory (DFT) and linear and quadratic response time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). Hybrid functionals were found to successfully predict absorption and emission, although explanation of the NIR emission from the larger cluster (cluster 1) requires significant vibrational excitation in the final state. For the smaller cluster (cluster 2), the Δ H(0-0) value calculated for the T1 → S0 transition, using the PBE0 functional, is in good agreement with the measured NIR emission, and the calculated T2 → S0 value is in fair agreement with the measured visible emission. The calculated T1 → S0 phosphorescence Δ H(0-0) for cluster 1 is close to the measured visible emission energy. In order for the calculated phosphorescence for cluster 1 to agree with the intense NIR emission reported experimentally, the vibrational energy of the final state (S0) is required to be about 0.7 eV greater than the zero-point vibrational energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Day
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 , United States.,UES, Inc. Dayton Ohio 45432 , United States
| | - Ruth Pachter
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 , United States
| | - Kiet A Nguyen
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 , United States.,UES, Inc. Dayton Ohio 45432 , United States
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27
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Gutkowski K, Azarias C, Banasiewicz M, Kozankiewicz B, Jacquemin D, Gryko DT. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of N
-Arylated Diketopyrrolopyrroles. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Gutkowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Science; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Cloé Azarias
- CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; 2 rue de la Houssinière 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Science; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Bolesław Kozankiewicz
- Institute of Physics; Polish Academy of Science; Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; 2 rue de la Houssinière 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Science; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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28
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Tang S, Ghazvini Zadeh EH, Kim B, Toomey NT, Bondar MV, Belfield KD. Protein-induced fluorescence enhancement of two-photon excitable water-soluble diketopyrrolopyrroles. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:6511-6519. [PMID: 28745371 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01397c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent contrast agents are important tools in cell biology and medical imaging due to their high sensitivity and relative availability. Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives have been recently studied for applications in bioimaging, but certain drawbacks due to their inherent structure have stifled progress towards their widespread implementation. Aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) associated with π-π stacking in relatively rigid extended conjugation systems as well as hydrophobicity of previously reported DPPs make most unsuitable for biological imaging applications. Addressing these deficiencies, we report the synthesis and photophysical characterization of two new water-soluble diketopyrrolopyrole (DPP) probes that exhibit pronounced protein-induced fluorescence enhancement (PIFE) upon binding serum albumin protein. In vitro studies were also performed showing low cytotoxicity for the new DPP probes. Two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) images were obtained via excitation at 810 nm and emission in the NIR window of biological transparency, illustrating the potential of these compounds as nonlinear optical bioimaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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29
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Zhou Y, Ma C, Gao N, Wang Q, Lo PC, Wong KS, Xu QH, Kinoshita T, Ng DKP. Pyrrolopyrrole aza boron dipyrromethene based two-photon fluorescent probes for subcellular imaging. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5570-5581. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01832d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of two-photon-absorbing pyrrolopyrrole aza boron dipyrromethenes have been prepared which can serve as fluorescent probes for subcellular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
- China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Nengyue Gao
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Kam Sing Wong
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
| | - Takumi Kinoshita
- Department of General System Studies
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro-ku
- Japan
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
- China
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30
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Poronik YM, Bernaś T, Wrzosek A, Banasiewicz M, Szewczyk A, Gryko DT. One-Photon and Two-Photon Mitochondrial Fluorescent Probes Based on a Rhodol Chromophore. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yevgen M. Poronik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Tytus Bernaś
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences; Pasteur 3 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences; Pasteur 3 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences; Pasteur 3 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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31
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Liang P, Wang Y, Wang P, Zou J, Xu H, Zhang Y, Si W, Dong X. Triphenylamine flanked furan-diketopyrrolopyrrole for multi-imaging guided photothermal/photodynamic cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:18890-18896. [PMID: 29177329 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07204j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) is highly desired to improve the cancer phototherapeutic effect. However, most reported multicomponent therapeutic agents need complex preparation processes and must be excited by using multiple light sources. Herein, triphenylamine flanked furan-diketopyrrolopyrrole (FDPP-TPA) with a donor-acceptor-donor structure has been synthesized and used as a sole-component agent for fluorescence, photoacoustic and photothermal imaging guided photodynamic and photothermal synergistic therapy. FDPP-TPA nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by re-precipitation exhibit a high molar extinction coefficient (ε = 2.13 (±0.2) × 104 M-1 cm-1), excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 47%) and favorable singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ(X) = 40%). In vitro, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is 13 μg mL-1 determined by cytotoxicity assay. And the apoptosis rate is 67.3% according to flow cytometry analysis. In vivo, the tumor can be completely ablated without recurrence, which suggests that FDPP-TPA NPs can generate considerable poisonous singlet oxygen and hyperthermia for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China.
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32
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Podlesný J, Dokládalová L, Pytela O, Urbanec A, Klikar M, Almonasy N, Mikysek T, Jedryka J, Kityk IV, Bureš F. Structure-property relationships and third-order nonlinearities in diketopyrrolopyrrole based D-π-A-π-D molecules. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2374-2384. [PMID: 29181118 PMCID: PMC5687008 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine new quadrupolar chromophores based on diketopyrrolopyrrole were designed and prepared by cross-coupling reactions. The property tuning has been achieved by structural variation of the peripheral substituents (donor) and enlargement of the π-system. Fundamental properties of target molecules were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, electrochemistry, and absorption and emission spectra. Nonlinear optical properties were studied by measuring the third harmonic generation. The experimental data were completed by quantum-chemical calculations and structure–property relationships were elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Podlesný
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Dokládalová
- Centre of Organic Chemistry Ltd., Rybitví 296, Rybitví, 53354, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Pytela
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Urbanec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Klikar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Numan Almonasy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Mikysek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Jedryka
- Institute of Optoelectronics and Measuring Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 17, Czestochowa, 42-200, Poland
| | - Iwan V Kityk
- Institute of Optoelectronics and Measuring Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 17, Czestochowa, 42-200, Poland
| | - Filip Bureš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
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33
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Ning P, Wang W, Chen M, Feng Y, Meng X. Recent advances in mitochondria- and lysosomes-targeted small-molecule two-photon fluorescent probes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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34
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Wang J, Hang Y, Tan H, Jiang T, Qu X, Hua J. Two new colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent probes based on diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) for detecting and imaging of mitochondrial SO 2 derivatives in cancer cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Tamada M, Iino T, Wang Y, Ide M, Saeki A, Furuta H, Kobayashi N, Shimizu S. Facile synthesis of dimeric aza-BODIPY analogues from electron-deficient bislactams and their intriguing optical and electrochemical properties. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Sadowski B, Kita H, Grzybowski M, Kamada K, Gryko DT. π-Expanded Dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones with Large Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Section Values. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7254-7264. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanayo Kita
- IFMRI, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Kansai Centre, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Marek Grzybowski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kenji Kamada
- IFMRI, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Kansai Centre, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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37
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Łukasiewicz ŁG, Ryu HG, Mikhaylov A, Azarias C, Banasiewicz M, Kozankiewicz B, Ahn KH, Jacquemin D, Rebane A, Gryko DT. Symmetry Breaking in Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles: Synthesis, Solvatofluorochromism and Two-photon Absorption. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1736-1748. [PMID: 28398672 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Five centrosymmetric and one dipolar pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles, possessing either two or one strongly electron-withdrawing nitro group have been synthesized in a straightforward manner from simple building blocks. For the symmetric compounds, the nitroaryl groups induced spontaneous breaking of inversion symmetry in the excited state, thereby leading to large solvatofluorochromism. To study the origin of this effect, the series employed peripheral structural motifs that control the degree of conjugation via altering of dihedral angle between the 4-nitrophenyl moiety and the electron-rich core. We observed that for compounds with a larger dihedral angle, the fluorescence quantum yield decreased quickly when exposed to even moderately polar solvents. Reducing the dihedral angle (i.e., placing the nitrobenzene moiety in the same plane as the rest of the molecule) moderated the dependence on solvent polarity so that the dye exhibited significant emission, even in THF. To investigate at what stage the symmetry breaking occurs, we measured two-photon absorption (2PA) spectra and 2PA cross-sections (σ2PA ) for all six compounds. The 2PA transition profile of the dipolar pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole, followed the corresponding one-photon absorption (1PA) spectrum, which provided an estimate of the change of the permanent electric dipole upon transition, ≈18 D. The nominally symmetric compounds displayed an allowed 2PA transition in the wavelength range of 700-900 nm. The expansion via a triple bond resulted in the largest peak value, σ2PA =770 GM, whereas altering the dihedral angle had no effect other than reducing the peak value two- or even three-fold. In the S0 →S1 transition region, the symmetric structures also showed a partial overlap between 2PA and 1PA transitions in the long-wavelength wing of the band, from which a tentative, relatively small dipole moment change, 2-7 D, was deduced, thus suggesting that some small symmetry breaking may be possible in the ground state, even before major symmetry breaking occurs in the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz G Łukasiewicz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hye Gun Ryu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk, 37673, Korea
| | | | - Cloé Azarias
- CEISAM laboratory-UMR 6230, University of Nantes, 2, rue de la Houssinière, 44322, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Kyo Han Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk, 37673, Korea
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM laboratory-UMR 6230, University of Nantes, 2, rue de la Houssinière, 44322, Nantes, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1, rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Aleksander Rebane
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.,National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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38
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Castet F, Lerychard T, Pielak K, Szalóki G, Dalinot C, Leriche P, Sanguinet L, Champagne B, Rodriguez V. How Dimerization Through a Spiro Junction Modifies the Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Push-Pull Organic Dye: Insights from Theory and Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201600039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Castet
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM); UMR 5255 CNRS; Cours de la Libération 351 33405 Talence Cedex France
| | - Timothée Lerychard
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM); UMR 5255 CNRS; Cours de la Libération 351 33405 Talence Cedex France
| | - Kornelia Pielak
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM); UMR 5255 CNRS; Cours de la Libération 351 33405 Talence Cedex France
- University of Namur, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique; Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale; Rue de Bruxelles, 61 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - György Szalóki
- Laboratoire Moltech-Anjou; Université d'Angers, UMR 6200 CNRS; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Clément Dalinot
- Laboratoire Moltech-Anjou; Université d'Angers, UMR 6200 CNRS; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Philippe Leriche
- Laboratoire Moltech-Anjou; Université d'Angers, UMR 6200 CNRS; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Lionel Sanguinet
- Laboratoire Moltech-Anjou; Université d'Angers, UMR 6200 CNRS; 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- University of Namur, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique; Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale; Rue de Bruxelles, 61 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Vincent Rodriguez
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM); UMR 5255 CNRS; Cours de la Libération 351 33405 Talence Cedex France
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39
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Vakuliuk O, Purc A, Clermont G, Blanchard-Desce M, Gryko DT. The Impact of the Interplay between Steric and Electronic Effects on the Synthesis and Optical Properties of Diketopyrrolopyrroles Bearing Pyridine Moieties. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201600047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52. 00-901 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anna Purc
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52. 00-901 Warsaw Poland
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Université de Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255); Bâtiment A12 33000 Talence cedex Bordeaux France
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Université de Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255); Bâtiment A12 33000 Talence cedex Bordeaux France
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52. 00-901 Warsaw Poland
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40
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Ferreira RCM, Costa SPG, Gonçalves H, Belsley M, Raposo MMM. Fluorescent phenanthroimidazoles functionalized with heterocyclic spacers: synthesis, optical chemosensory ability and two-photon absorption (TPA) properties. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02113e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent phenanthroimidazoles bearing heterocyclic spacers as novel optical chemosensors and two-photon absorption chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susana P. G. Costa
- Centre of Chemistry
- University of Minho
- Campus of Gualtar
- 4710-057 Braga
- Portugal
| | - Hugo Gonçalves
- Centre of Physics
- University of Minho
- Campus of Gualtar
- 4710-057 Braga
- Portugal
| | - Michael Belsley
- Centre of Physics
- University of Minho
- Campus of Gualtar
- 4710-057 Braga
- Portugal
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41
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Purc A, Koszarna B, Iachina I, Friese DH, Tasior M, Sobczyk K, Pędziński T, Brewer J, Gryko DT. The impact of interplay between electronic and steric effects on the synthesis and the linear and non-linear optical properties of diketopyrrolopyrrole bearing benzofuran moieties. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00869k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Benzofuran has been proven to be the versatile substituent for tuning the optics of diketopyrrolopyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Purc
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Beata Koszarna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Irina Iachina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense 200-701
- Denmark
| | - Daniel H. Friese
- Universitetet i Tromsø - Norges Arktiske Universitet
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Tromsø
- Norway
| | - Mariusz Tasior
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sobczyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | | | - Jonathan Brewer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense 200-701
- Denmark
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
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42
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Liang P, Shao J, Tang Q, Si W, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Dong X. FDPP–HA as a theranostic agent for cancer-targeted fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06551e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
FDPP–HA was synthesized for tumor targeting photodynamic therapy. All experiments reveal that FDPP–HA presents excellent biocompatibility, high phototoxicity and specific targeted fluorescence imaging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE)
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing
| | - Jinjun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE)
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing
| | - Qianyun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE)
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing
| | - Weili Si
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE)
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE)
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing
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43
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Lou X, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Organic Dots Based on AIEgens for Two-Photon Fluorescence Bioimaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:6430-6450. [PMID: 27356782 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon fluorescence imaging technique is a powerful bioanalytical approach in terms of high photostability, low photodamage, high spatiotemporal resolution. Recently, fluorescent organic dots comprised of organic emissive cores and a polymeric matrix are emerging as promising contrast reagents for two-photon fluorescence imaging, owing to their numerous merits of high and tunable fluorescence, good biocompatibility, strong photobleaching resistance, and multiple surface functionality. The emissive core is crucial for organic dots to get high brightness but many conventional chromophores often encounter a severe problem of fluorescence quenching when they form aggregates. To solve this problem, fluorogens featuring aggregation-induced emission (AIE) can fluoresce strongly in aggregates, and thus become ideal candidates for fluorescent organic dots. In addition, two-photon absorption property of the dots can be readily improved by just increase loading contents of AIE fluorogen (AIEgen). Hence, organic dots based on AIEgens have exhibited excellent performances in two-photon fluorescence in vitro cellular imaging, and in vivo vascular architecture visualization of mouse skin, muscle, brain and skull bone. In view of the rapid advances in this important research field, here, we highlight representative fluorescent organic dots with an emissive core of AIEgen aggregate, and discuss their great potential in bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoding Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong, China
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44
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Manuela M, Raposo M, Herbivo C, Hugues V, Clermont G, Castro MCR, Comel A, Blanchard-Desce M. Synthesis, Fluorescence, and Two-Photon Absorption Properties of Push-Pull 5-Arylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Manuela
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - M. Raposo
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Cyril Herbivo
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Vincent Hugues
- Univ. Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (UMR 5255 CNRS); 33405 Talence France
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Univ. Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (UMR 5255 CNRS); 33405 Talence France
| | - M. Cidália R. Castro
- Center of Chemistry; University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar; 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - Alain Comel
- Université de Lorraine; Institut Jean Barriol; Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique - Analyse Multi-échelles des Milieux Complexes; 57048 Metz Cedex France
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Griesbeck S, Zhang Z, Gutmann M, Lühmann T, Edkins RM, Clermont G, Lazar AN, Haehnel M, Edkins K, Eichhorn A, Blanchard-Desce M, Meinel L, Marder TB. Water-Soluble Triarylborane Chromophores for One- and Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence Imaging of Mitochondria in Cells. Chemistry 2016; 22:14701-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Griesbeck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Marcus Gutmann
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tessa Lühmann
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Robert M. Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires; Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS UMR5255), Bâtiment A12, 351 cours de la libération; 33405 TALENCE cedex France
| | - Adina N. Lazar
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires; Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS UMR5255), Bâtiment A12, 351 cours de la libération; 33405 TALENCE cedex France
| | - Martin Haehnel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Katharina Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health; Durham University, University Boulevard; Stockton-on-Tees TS17 6BH UK
| | - Antonius Eichhorn
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires; Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS UMR5255), Bâtiment A12, 351 cours de la libération; 33405 TALENCE cedex France
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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46
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Kumar N, Bhalla V, Kumar M. Development and sensing applications of fluorescent motifs within the mitochondrial environment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:15614-28. [PMID: 26759839 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07098h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential use of fluorescent molecular probes to measure ions and biomolecules has contributed incessantly to the understanding of chemical and biological systems. The approach has many advantages such as high sensitivity, simplicity and non-destructive cellular imaging that offer visible information about the targeted species. In this article, our objective is to discuss fluorescent probes that have sensing applications within the mitochondrial environment. Mitochondria are cellular organelles which are well known for their unique physiological functions and have been found to be associated with various diseases and disorders. It is therefore, important to develop new tools and tactics that can provide useful information concerning the mitochondrial environment which in turn is essential to understand its biophysical functioning and related diseases.
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47
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Punzi A, Maiorano E, Nicoletta F, Blasi D, Ardizzone A, Ventosa N, Ratera I, Veciana J, Farinola GM. 1,2,3-Triazole-Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives with Tunable Solubility and Intermolecular Interactions. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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48
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Cvejn D, Michail E, Seintis K, Klikar M, Pytela O, Mikysek T, Almonasy N, Ludwig M, Giannetas V, Fakis M, Bureš F. Solvent and branching effect on the two-photon absorption properties of push–pull triphenylamine derivatives. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The photophysical and two-photon absorption (2PA) properties of two tri-podal molecules and of their quadrupolar and dipolar counterparts are reported for a series of solvents with varying polarity.
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49
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Grzybowski M, Jeżewski A, Deperasińska I, Friese DH, Banasiewicz M, Hugues V, Kozankiewicz B, Blanchard-Desce M, Gryko DT. Solvatofluorochromic, non-centrosymmetric π-expanded diketopyrrolopyrrole. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2025-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A donor–acceptor type π-expanded diketopyrrolopyrrole behaves as non-centrosymmetric as far as linear optical properties are concerned but as ‘pseudo-symmetric’ for two-photon absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Grzybowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Artur Jeżewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | | | - Daniel H. Friese
- Universitetet i Tromsø - Norges Arktiske Universitet
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Tromsø
- Norway
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
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50
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Nazir R, Meiling TT, Cywiński PJ, Gryko DT. Synthesis and Optical Properties of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Bearing a Benzofuran Moiety. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Nazir
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Till T. Meiling
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Piotr J. Cywiński
- Functional Materials and Devices; Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research; Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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