1
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Cook A, Newman SG. Alcohols as Substrates in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Arylation, Alkylation, and Related Reactions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6078-6144. [PMID: 38630862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Alcohols are abundant and attractive feedstock molecules for organic synthesis. Many methods for their functionalization require them to first be converted into a more activated derivative, while recent years have seen a vast increase in the number of complexity-building transformations that directly harness unprotected alcohols. This Review discusses how transition metal catalysis can be used toward this goal. These transformations are broadly classified into three categories. Deoxygenative functionalizations, representing derivatization of the C-O bond, enable the alcohol to act as a leaving group toward the formation of new C-C bonds. Etherifications, characterized by derivatization of the O-H bond, represent classical reactivity that has been modernized to include mild reaction conditions, diverse reaction partners, and high selectivities. Lastly, chain functionalization reactions are described, wherein the alcohol group acts as a mediator in formal C-H functionalization reactions of the alkyl backbone. Each of these three classes of transformation will be discussed in context of intermolecular arylation, alkylation, and related reactions, illustrating how catalysis can enable alcohols to be directly harnessed for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cook
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephen G Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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2
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Abstract
The oxetane ring is an emergent, underexplored motif in drug discovery that shows attractive properties such as low molecular weight, high polarity, and marked three-dimensionality. Oxetanes have garnered further interest as isosteres of carbonyl groups and as molecular tools to fine-tune physicochemical properties of drug compounds such as pKa, LogD, aqueous solubility, and metabolic clearance. This perspective highlights recent applications of oxetane motifs in drug discovery campaigns (2017-2022), with emphasis on the effect of the oxetane on medicinally relevant properties and on the building blocks used to incorporate the oxetane ring. Based on this analysis, we provide an overview of the potential benefits of appending an oxetane to a drug compound, as well as potential pitfalls, challenges, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Rojas
- Department of Chemistry,
Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, White City
Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry,
Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, White City
Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
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3
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Ren W, Vairin R, Ward JD, Francis R, VanNatta J, Bai R, Tankoano PE, Deng Y, Hamel E, Trawick ML, Pinney KG. Structure Guided Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Oxetane-Containing Indole Analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 92:117400. [PMID: 37556912 PMCID: PMC10848874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The oxetane functional group offers a variety of potential advantages when incorporated within appropriate therapeutic agents as a ketone surrogate. OXi8006, a 2-aryl-3-aroyl-indole analogue, functions as a small-molecule inhibitor of tubulin polymerization that has a dual mechanism of action as both an antiproliferative agent and a tumor-selective vascular disrupting agent. Replacement of the bridging ketone moiety in OXi8006 with an oxetane functional group has expanded structure activity relationship (SAR) knowledge and provided insights regarding oxetane incorporation within this class of molecules. A new synthetic method using an oxetane-containing tertiary alcohol subjected to Lewis acid catalyzed conditions led to successful Friedel-Crafts alkylation and yielded fourteen new oxetane-containing indole-based molecules. This synthetic approach represents the first method to successfully install an oxetane ring at the 3-position of a 2-aryl-indole system. Several analogues showed potent cytotoxicity (micromolar GI50 values) against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and a pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1), although they proved to be ineffective as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization. Molecular docking studies comparing colchicine with the OXi8006-oxetane analogue 5m provided a rationale for the differential interaction of these molecules with the colchicine site on the tubulin heterodimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Rebecca Vairin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Jacob D Ward
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Ricardo Francis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Jenny VanNatta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Pouguiniseli E Tankoano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Yuling Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Mary Lynn Trawick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States
| | - Kevin G Pinney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place, No. 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States.
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4
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Dubois MAJ, Rojas JJ, Sterling AJ, Broderick HC, Smith MA, White AJP, Miller PW, Choi C, Mousseau JJ, Duarte F, Bull JA. Visible Light Photoredox-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkylation of 3-Aryl-Oxetanes and Azetidines via Benzylic Tertiary Radicals and Implications of Benzylic Radical Stability. J Org Chem 2023; 88:6476-6488. [PMID: 36868184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Four-membered heterocycles offer exciting potential as small polar motifs in medicinal chemistry but require further methods for incorporation. Photoredox catalysis is a powerful method for the mild generation of alkyl radicals for C-C bond formation. The effect of ring strain on radical reactivity is not well understood, with no studies that address this question systematically. Examples of reactions that involve benzylic radicals are rare, and their reactivity is challenging to harness. This work develops a radical functionalization of benzylic oxetanes and azetidines using visible light photoredox catalysis to prepare 3-aryl-3-alkyl substituted derivatives and assesses the influence of ring strain and heterosubstitution on the reactivity of small-ring radicals. 3-Aryl-3-carboxylic acid oxetanes and azetidines are suitable precursors to tertiary benzylic oxetane/azetidine radicals which undergo conjugate addition into activated alkenes. We compare the reactivity of oxetane radicals to other benzylic systems. Computational studies indicate that Giese additions of unstrained benzylic radicals into acrylates are reversible and result in low yields and radical dimerization. Benzylic radicals as part of a strained ring, however, are less stable and more π-delocalized, decreasing dimer and increasing Giese product formation. Oxetanes show high product yields due to ring strain and Bent's rule rendering the Giese addition irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne A J Dubois
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Juan J Rojas
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Alistair J Sterling
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Hannah C Broderick
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Milo A Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Philip W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Rd., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Rd., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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5
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Synthesis and Wittig Rearrangement of 3- and 4-Benzyloxyphenylphosphonamidates. ORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/org4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of seven O-ethyl-N-butylphenylphosphonamidates with benzyl ether substituents at the para or meta position have been prepared and fully characterised. Upon treatment with n-butyllithium in THF at RT, these undergo Wittig rearrangement in six cases to give the novel phosphonamidate-substituted diarylmethanols in moderate to good yield.
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6
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Moskalik MY, Astakhova VV. Triflamides and Triflimides: Synthesis and Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:5201. [PMID: 36014447 PMCID: PMC9414225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the variety of sulfonamides, triflamides (CF3SO2NHR, TfNHR) occupy a special position in organic chemistry. Triflamides are widely used as reagents, efficient catalysts or additives in numerous reactions. The reasons for the widespread use of these compounds are their high NH-acidity, lipophilicity, catalytic activity and specific chemical properties. Their strong electron-withdrawing properties and low nucleophilicity, combined with their high NH-acidity, makes it possible to use triflamides in a vast variety of organic reactions. This review is devoted to the synthesis and use of N-trifluoromethanesulfonyl derivatives in organic chemistry, medicine, biochemistry, catalysis and agriculture. Part of the work is a review of areas and examples of the use of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (triflimide, (CF3SO2)2NH, Tf2NH). Being one of the strongest NH-acids, triflimide, and especially its salts, are widely used as catalysts in cycloaddition reactions, Friedel-Crafts reactions, condensation reactions, heterocyclization and many others. Triflamides act as a source of nitrogen in C-amination (sulfonamidation) reactions, the products of which are useful building blocks in organic synthesis, catalysts and ligands in metal complex catalysis, and have found applications in medicine. The addition reactions of triflamide in the presence of oxidizing agents to alkenes and dienes are considered separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Y. Moskalik
- Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
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7
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Zhang CY, Cao K, Yang HB, Ding LF, Yang J. Cu(OTf) 2/NBS-Mediated Tandem Reaction of 1-Cinnamyl Alcohol- o-Carboranes via Ring Opening of Oxetane with Arenes: An Alternative Approach for the Synthesis of C-Alkenyl- o-Carboranes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10928-10936. [PMID: 35921205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Cu(OTf)2/NBS-mediated tandem reaction of 1-cinnamyl alcohol-o-carboranes for the synthesis of C-alkenyl-o-carboranes has been developed. Mechanism studies demonstrated that the Cu(OTf)2-promoted ring opening of oxetane with electron-rich arenes as soft nucleophiles was involved and was the key step for the transformation. This work provided an alternative strategy for the synthesis of C-alkenyl-o-carboranes, which has an important reference for the synthesis of o-carborane derivatives with diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, P. R. China
| | - Ke Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, P. R. China
| | - Han-Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, P. R. China
| | - Li-Fang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, P. R. China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials and School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, P. R. China
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8
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Xiong B, Shang W, Xu W, Liu Y, Tang KW, Wong WY. Acid‐catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of α‐Diarylmethyl Substituted Phenols and para‐Quinone Methides in Water. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biquan Xiong
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xueyuan Road 414006 Yueyang CHINA
| | - Wenli Shang
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xueyuan Road 414006 Yueyang CHINA
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xueyuan Road 414006 Yueyang CHINA
| | - Yu Liu
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xueyuan Road 414006 Yueyang CHINA
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xueyuan Road 414006 Yueyang CHINA
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hung Hom Hong Kong HONG KONG
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9
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Tang L, Zang Y, Guo W, Han Z, Huang H, Sun J. Reductive Opening of Oxetanes Catalyzed by Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Unexpected Aryl Migration via Neighboring Group Participation. Org Lett 2022; 24:3259-3264. [PMID: 35467358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
B(C6F5)3 was found to catalyze an unusual double reduction of oxetanes by hydrosilane with aryl migration via neighboring group participation. Control experiments suggested that the phenonium ion serves as the key intermediate. Minor modification of this protocol also led to simple hydrosilylative opening of oxetanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yu Zang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wengang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Zhengyu Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.,Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, HKUST, No. 9 Yuexing First Road, Shenzhen 518057, China
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10
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Rojas JJ, Torrisi E, Dubois MAJ, Hossain R, White AJP, Zappia G, Mousseau JJ, Choi C, Bull JA. Oxetan-3-ols as 1,2-bis-Electrophiles in a Brønsted-Acid-Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,4-Dioxanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:2365-2370. [PMID: 35311271 PMCID: PMC9007565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Annulations
that combine diacceptors with bis-nucleophiles are
uncommon. Here, we report the synthesis of 1,4-dioxanes from 3-aryloxetan-3-ols,
as 1,2-bis-electrophiles and 1,2-diols. Brønsted acid Tf2NH catalyzes both the selective activation of the oxetanol,
to form an oxetane carbocation that reacts with the diol, and intramolecular
ring opening of the oxetane. High regio- and diastereoselectivity
are achieved with unsymmetrical diols. The substituted dioxanes and
fused bicyclic products present interesting motifs for drug discovery
and can be further functionalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Rojas
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Elena Torrisi
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, P.za Rinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Maryne A. J. Dubois
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Riashat Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Giovanni Zappia
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, P.za Rinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - James J. Mousseau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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11
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Dubois MAJ, Croft RA, Ding Y, Choi C, Owen DR, Bull JA, Mousseau JJ. Investigating 3,3-diaryloxetanes as potential bioisosteres through matched molecular pair analysis. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:2045-2052. [PMID: 35024613 PMCID: PMC8672821 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxetanes have received increasing interest in medicinal chemistry as attractive polar and low molecular weight motifs. The application of oxetanes as replacements for methylene, methyl, gem-dimethyl and carbonyl groups has been demonstrated to often improve chemical properties of target molecules for drug discovery purposes. The investigation of the properties of 3,3-diaryloxetanes, particularly of interest as a benzophenone replacement, remains largely unexplored. With recent synthetic advances in accessing this motif we studied the effects of 3,3-diaryloxetanes on the physicochemical properties of 'drug-like' molecules. Here, we describe our efforts in the design and synthesis of a range of drug-like compounds for matched molecular pair analysis to investigate the viability of the 3,3-diaryloxetane motif as a replacement group in drug discovery. We conclude that the properties of the diaryloxetanes and ketones are similar, and generally superior to related alkyl linkers, and that diaryloxetanes provide a potentially useful new design element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne A J Dubois
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Rosemary A Croft
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Yujie Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Chulho Choi
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical 445 Eastern Point Rd. Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Dafydd R Owen
- Pfizer Medicine Design 610 Main St Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - James J Mousseau
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical 445 Eastern Point Rd. Groton CT 06340 USA
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12
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DeRatt LG, Wang CY, Kuduk SD. Tandem Amination/Oxetane Ring Opening toward Benzomorpholines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17482-17486. [PMID: 34807596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a tandem approach that allows rapid access to the benzomorpholine scaffold is reported. This operationally simple method allows for valuable heterocycles to be isolated in moderate to high yields. The overall transformation consists of an initial C-N coupling, demonstrated using traditional Ullmann or Buchwald-Hartwig conditions, followed by an in situ oxetane ring opening. A range of functionality is tolerated on the aryl ring, and the cyclization exposes a pendant hydroxymethyl substituent, providing opportunities for further functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey G DeRatt
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Chao-Yuan Wang
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Scott D Kuduk
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
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13
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Sandvoß A, Wiest JM. Recent Advances in Enantioselective Desymmetrizations of Prochiral Oxetanes. Chemistry 2021; 27:5871-5879. [PMID: 33274788 PMCID: PMC8049043 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Strain relief of oxetanes offers a plethora of opportunities for the synthesis of chiral alcohols and ethers. In this context, enantioselective desymmetrization has been identified as a powerful tool to construct molecular complexity and this has led to the development of elegant strategies on the basis of transition metal, Lewis acid, and Brønsted acid catalysis. This review highlights recent examples that harness the inherent reactivity of prochiral oxetanes and offers an outlook on the immense possibilities for synthetic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sandvoß
- Department ChemieJohannes Gutenberg Universität MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Johannes M. Wiest
- Department ChemieJohannes Gutenberg Universität MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
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14
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Huang H, Zhang T, Sun J. Mild C–C Bond Formation via Lewis Acid Catalyzed Oxetane Ring Opening with Soft Carbon Nucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
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15
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Huang H, Zhang T, Sun J. Mild C-C Bond Formation via Lewis Acid Catalyzed Oxetane Ring Opening with Soft Carbon Nucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:2668-2673. [PMID: 33459485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mild oxetane opening by soft carbon nucleophiles has been developed for efficient C-C bond formation. In the presence of LiNTf2 or TBSNTf2 as catalyst, silyl ketene acetals were found to be effective nucleophiles to generate a wide range of highly oxygenated molecules, which are key substructure in natural products like polyketides. Furthermore, intramolecular oxetane opening by a styrene-based carbon nucleophile via a Prins-type process was also achieved with Sc(OTf)3 as catalyst, leading to efficient formation of the useful 2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]oxepine skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Nath A, Kumer A, Khan MW. Synthesis, computational and molecular docking study of some 2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran and its derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Alves FRDS, Couñago RM, Laufer S. Chemical Space Exploration of Oxetanes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218199. [PMID: 33147789 PMCID: PMC7663787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on new derivatives bearing an oxetane group to extend accessible chemical space for further identification of kinase inhibitors. The ability to modulate kinase activity represents an important therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human illnesses. Known as a nonclassical isoster of the carbonyl group, due to its high polarity and great ability to function as an acceptor of hydrogen bond, oxetane seems to be an attractive and underexplored structural motif in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodrigues de Sá Alves
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Rafael M. Couñago
- Centro de Química Medicinal (CQMED), Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética (CBMEG), Structural Genomics Consortium, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil;
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany;
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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18
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Liu S, Zang Y, Huang H, Sun J. In(OTf)3-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydro-1H-benzo[e]indoles and 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans via [3 + 2] Annulation. Org Lett 2020; 22:8219-8223. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yu Zang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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19
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Lai Z, Zhang R, Feng Q, Sun J. 3-Aminooxetanes: versatile 1,3-amphoteric molecules for intermolecular annulation reactions. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9945-9949. [PMID: 34094256 PMCID: PMC8162131 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04254d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the versatility of amphoteric molecules, stable and easily accessible ones are still limitedly known. As a result, the discovery of new amphoteric reactivity remains highly desirable. Herein we introduce 3-aminooxetanes as a new family of stable and readily available 1,3-amphoteric molecules and systematically demonstrated their amphoteric reactivity toward polarized π-systems in a diverse range of intermolecular [3 + 2] annulations. These reactions not only enrich the reactivity of oxetanes, but also provide convergent access to valuable heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengwei Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong SAR Kowloon China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences 555 Zuchongzhi Road Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Renwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong SAR Kowloon China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong SAR Kowloon China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong SAR Kowloon China
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20
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Dubois MAJ, Smith MA, White AJP, Lee Wei Jie A, Mousseau JJ, Choi C, Bull JA. Short Synthesis of Oxetane and Azetidine 3-Aryl-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives by Selective Furan Oxidative Cleavage. Org Lett 2020; 22:5279-5283. [PMID: 32338914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Four-membered rings remain underexplored motifs despite offering attractive physicochemical properties for medicinal chemistry. Arylacetic acids bearing oxetanes, azetidines, and cyclobutanes are prepared in two steps: a catalytic Friedel-Crafts reaction from four-membered ring alcohol substrates, followed by mild oxidative cleavage. The suitability of the products as building blocks is reflected in their facile purification and amenability to derivatization. Examples include heteroaromatics and aryltriflates, as well as oxetane-derived profen drug analogues and a new endomorphin derivative containing an azetidine amino acid residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne A J Dubois
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Milo A Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alvin Lee Wei Jie
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - James J Mousseau
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Chulho Choi
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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21
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Das M, Weissenfluh A, Ly N, Trudell ML. Synthesis of Simple 3,3-Diarylazetidines from N-Boc-3-arylazetidinols Using Friedel-Crafts Arylation Conditions. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8209-8213. [PMID: 32449343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of 3,3-diarylazetidines from N-Boc-3-aryl-3-azetidinols using Friedel-Crafts arylation conditions with AlCl3 is described. A series of substituted diarylazetidines were readily prepared and isolated as the oxalate salts in high yield and high purity. The 3,3-diarylazetidine oxalates were then easily converted into N-alkyl and N-acyl analogues (RX, NaHCO3/DMF/100 °C) in high overall yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148 United States
| | - Amber Weissenfluh
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148 United States
| | - Nam Ly
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148 United States
| | - Mark L Trudell
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148 United States
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22
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Catalytic Regioselective Isomerization of 2,2‐Disubstituted Oxetanes to Homoallylic Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Cabré A, Rafael S, Sciortino G, Ujaque G, Verdaguer X, Lledós A, Riera A. Catalytic Regioselective Isomerization of 2,2-Disubstituted Oxetanes to Homoallylic Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7521-7527. [PMID: 31981390 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The selective isomerization of strained heterocyclic compounds is an important tool in organic synthesis. An unprecedented regioselective isomerization of 2,2-disubstituted oxetanes into homoallylic alcohols is described. The use of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (B(C6 F5 )3 ), a commercially available Lewis acid was key to obtaining good yields and selectivities since other Lewis acids afforded mixtures of isomers and substantial polymerization. The reaction took place under exceptionally mild reaction conditions and very low catalyst loading (0.5 mol %). DFT calculations disclose the mechanistic features of the isomerization and account for the high selectivity displayed by the B(C6 F5 )3 catalyst. The synthetic applicability of the new reaction is demonstrated by the preparation of γ-chiral alcohols using iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Cabré
- Institute of Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Rafael
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Sciortino
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.,Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gregori Ujaque
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Verdaguer
- Institute of Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Lledós
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Institute of Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Perna FM, Falcicchio A, Salomone A, Milet A, Rizzi R, Hamdoun G, Barozzino‐Consiglio G, Stalke D, Oulyadi H, Capriati V. First Direct Evidence of an
ortho
‐Lithiated Aryloxetane: Solid and Solution Structure, and Dynamics. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo M. Perna
- Dipartimento di Farmacia‐Scienze del Farmaco Università di Bari “Aldo Moro” Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S. Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Aurelia Falcicchio
- Istituto di Cristallografia (IC‐CNR) Via Amendola 122/o 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Salomone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali Università del Salento Prov.le Lecce‐Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Anne Milet
- Université Grenoble Alpes CNRS, DCM 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Rosanna Rizzi
- Istituto di Cristallografia (IC‐CNR) Via Amendola 122/o 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Ghanem Hamdoun
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038) Rouen France
| | | | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 6 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038) Rouen France
| | - Vito Capriati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia‐Scienze del Farmaco Università di Bari “Aldo Moro” Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S. Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
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25
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Croft RA, Dubois MAJ, Boddy AJ, Denis C, Lazaridou A, Voisin‐Chiret AS, Bureau R, Choi C, Mousseau JJ, Bull JA. Catalytic Friedel‐Crafts Reactions on Saturated Heterocycles and Small Rings for sp
3
‐sp
2
Coupling of Medicinally Relevant Fragments. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary A. Croft
- Department of Chemistry Imperial College London Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Maryne A. J. Dubois
- Department of Chemistry Imperial College London Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Alexander J. Boddy
- Department of Chemistry Imperial College London Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Camille Denis
- Department of Chemistry Imperial College London Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN 14000, Caen France
| | - Anna Lazaridou
- Department of Chemistry Imperial College London Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Anne Sophie Voisin‐Chiret
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN 14000, Caen France
| | - Ronan Bureau
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN 14000, Caen France
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Global Research and Development 445 Eastern Point Rd. Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - James J. Mousseau
- Pfizer Global Research and Development 445 Eastern Point Rd. Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry Imperial College London Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
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26
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Mesa KM, Hibbard HA, Franz AK. Sodium-Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts Reactions and Mechanistic Insight. Org Lett 2019; 21:3877-3881. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M. Mesa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hailey A. Hibbard
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Annaliese K. Franz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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27
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Dubois MAJ, Lazaridou A, Choi C, Mousseau JJ, Bull JA. Synthesis of 3-Aryl-3-Sulfanyl Azetidines by Iron-Catalyzed Thiol Alkylation with N-Cbz Azetidinols. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5943-5956. [PMID: 30973723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
New small-ring derivatives can provide valuable motifs in new chemical space for drug design. 3-Aryl-3-sulfanyl azetidines are synthesized directly from azetidine-3-ols in excellent yield by a mild Fe-catalyzed thiol alkylation. A broad range of thiols and azetidinols bearing electron-donating aromatics are successful, proceeding via an azetidine carbocation. The N-carboxybenzyl group is a requirement for good reactivity and enables the NH-azetidine to be revealed. Further reactions of the azetidine sulfides demonstrate their potential for incorporation in drug discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne A J Dubois
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , Wood Lane , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Anna Lazaridou
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , Wood Lane , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Medicinal Sciences , 445 Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Medicinal Sciences , 445 Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , Wood Lane , London W12 0BZ , U.K
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28
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Denis C, Dubois MAJ, Voisin-Chiret AS, Bureau R, Choi C, Mousseau JJ, Bull JA. Synthesis of 3,3-Diarylazetidines by Calcium(II)-Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Azetidinols with Unexpected Cbz Enhanced Reactivity. Org Lett 2019; 21:300-304. [PMID: 30582708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Azetidines are valuable motifs that readily access under explored chemical space for drug discovery. 3,3-Diarylazetidines are prepared in high yield from N-Cbz azetidinols in a calcium(II)-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation of (hetero)aromatics and phenols, including complex phenols such as β-estradiol. Electron poor phenols undergo O-alkylation. The product azetidines can be derivatized to drug-like compounds through the azetidine nitrogen and the aromatic groups. The N-Cbz group is crucial to reactivity by providing stabilization of an intermediate carbocation on the four-membered ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Denis
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ , U.K.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4258 , CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie) - FR CNRS INC3M, Caen , France
| | - Maryne A J Dubois
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Anne Sophie Voisin-Chiret
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4258 , CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie) - FR CNRS INC3M, Caen , France
| | - Ronan Bureau
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA 4258 , CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie) - FR CNRS INC3M, Caen , France
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Global Research and Development , 445 Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Global Research and Development , 445 Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ , U.K
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29
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Oxetane ethers are formed reversibly in the lithium-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts alkylation of phenols with oxetanols: Synthesis of dihydrobenzofurans, diaryloxetanes, and oxetane ethers. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Schlegel M, Schneider C. Rapid Construction of Complex 2-Pyrrolines through Lewis Acid-Catalyzed, Sequential Three-Component Reactions via in Situ-Generated 1-Azaallyl Cations. Org Lett 2018; 20:3119-3123. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schlegel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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31
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Croft RA, Mousseau JJ, Choi C, Bull JA. Lithium-Catalyzed Thiol Alkylation with Tertiary and Secondary Alcohols: Synthesis of 3-Sulfanyl-Oxetanes as Bioisosteres. Chemistry 2018; 24:818-821. [PMID: 29181870 PMCID: PMC5814735 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
3-Sulfanyl-oxetanes are presented as promising novel bioisosteric replacements for thioesters or benzyl sulfides. From oxetan-3-ols, a mild and inexpensive Li catalyst enables chemoselective C-OH activation and thiol alkylation. Oxetane sulfides are formed from various thiols providing novel motifs in new chemical space and specifically as bioisosteres for thioesters due to their similar shape and electronic properties. Under the same conditions, various π-activated secondary and tertiary alcohols are also successful. Derivatization of the oxetane sulfide linker provides further novel oxetane classes and building blocks. Comparisons of key physicochemical properties of the oxetane compounds to selected carbonyl and methylene analogues indicate that these motifs are suitable for incorporation into drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary A. Croft
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonSouth Kensington, LondonSW7 2AZUK
| | | | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Medicine DesignEastern Point RoadGrotonCT06340USA
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonSouth Kensington, LondonSW7 2AZUK
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32
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Schlegel M, Schneider C. Lewis acid-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reactions toward highly versatile, α-quaternary oxime ethers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11124-11127. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06823b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tertiary 2-hydroxy oxime ethers are converted into α-functionalized, all-carbon-substituted products under Lewis acid catalysis in a SN1-reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schlegel
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Leipzig
- D-04103 Leipzig
- Germany
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33
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Lassalas P, Oukoloff K, Makani V, James M, Tran V, Yao Y, Huang L, Vijayendran K, Monti L, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Kozlowski MC, Smith AB, Brunden KR, Ballatore C. Evaluation of Oxetan-3-ol, Thietan-3-ol, and Derivatives Thereof as Bioisosteres of the Carboxylic Acid Functional Group. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:864-868. [PMID: 28835803 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxetane ring serves as an isostere of the carbonyl moiety, suggesting that oxetan-3-ol may be considered as a potential surrogate of the carboxylic acid functional group. To investigate this structural unit, as well as thietan-3-ol and the corresponding sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives, as potential carboxylic acid bioisosteres, a set of model compounds has been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for physicochemical properties. Similar derivatives of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, ibuprofen, were also synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis in vitro. Collectively, the data suggest that oxetan-3-ol, thietan-3-ol, and related structures hold promise as isosteric replacements of the carboxylic acid moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrik Lassalas
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Killian Oukoloff
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vishruti Makani
- Center
for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael James
- Center
for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Van Tran
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yuemang Yao
- Center
for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Longchuan Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Krishna Vijayendran
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ludovica Monti
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - John Q. Trojanowski
- Center
for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Virginia M.-Y. Lee
- Center
for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marisa C. Kozlowski
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kurt R. Brunden
- Center
for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Carlo Ballatore
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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34
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White AR, Kozlowski RA, Tsai SC, Vanderwal CD. A Direct Synthesis of Highly Substituted π-Rich Aromatic Heterocycles from Oxetanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10525-10529. [PMID: 28662280 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous use of π-rich five-membered heterocycles has driven the development of new methods for their synthesis for more than a century. Here, we disclose a general and reliable reaction manifold for the construction of highly substituted heterocycles through a facile Lewis-acid-catalyzed oxetane rearrangement. Notably, this methodology employs a keto-oxetane motif as a 1,4-dicarbonyl surrogate, which can be synthesized using robust alkylation or alkenylation reactions, and thus obviates the need to access 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds via umpoled starting materials. We harnessed this reactivity to generate a broad range of substituted furans and pyrroles, and extended this methodology to produce benzo-fused versions thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R White
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Ryan A Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Shiou-Chuan Tsai
- Departments of Chemistry and of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
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35
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White AR, Kozlowski RA, Tsai S, Vanderwal CD. A Direct Synthesis of Highly Substituted π‐Rich Aromatic Heterocycles from Oxetanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. White
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Ryan A. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Shiou‐Chuan Tsai
- Departments of Chemistry and of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry University of California Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
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36
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Croft RA, Mousseau JJ, Choi C, Bull JA. Structurally Divergent Lithium Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Reactions on Oxetan-3-ols: Synthesis of 3,3-Diaryloxetanes and 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans. Chemistry 2016; 22:16271-16276. [PMID: 27723135 PMCID: PMC5095816 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of 3,3-diaryloxetanes are prepared in a lithium-catalyzed and substrate dependent divergent Friedel-Crafts reaction. para-Selective Friedel-Crafts reactions of phenols using oxetan-3-ols afford 3,3-diaryloxetanes by displacement of the hydroxy group. These constitute new isosteres for benzophenones and diarylmethanes. Conversely, ortho-selective Friedel-Crafts reactions of phenols afford 3-aryl-3-hydroxymethyl-dihydrobenzofurans by tandem alkylation-ring-opening reactions; the outcome of the reaction diverging to structurally distinct products dependent on the substrate regioselectivity. Further reactivity of the oxetane products is demonstrated, suitable for incorporation into drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary A Croft
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Rd., Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Rd., Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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37
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Vitale P, Perna FM, Agrimi G, Scilimati A, Salomone A, Cardellicchio C, Capriati V. Asymmetric chemoenzymatic synthesis of 1,3-diols and 2,4-disubstituted aryloxetanes by using whole cell biocatalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:11438-11445. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02320g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient chemoenzymatic approach for the asymmetric synthesis of 1,3-diols and 2,4-disubstituted aryloxetanes has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vitale
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco
- Università di Bari “A. Moro”
- Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S
- I-70125 Bari
- Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Perna
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco
- Università di Bari “A. Moro”
- Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S
- I-70125 Bari
- Italy
| | - Gennaro Agrimi
- Department of Biosciences
- Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics
- University of Bari “A. Moro”
- I-70125 Bari
- Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco
- Università di Bari “A. Moro”
- Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S
- I-70125 Bari
- Italy
| | - Antonio Salomone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali
- Università del Salento
- Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni
- I-73100 Lecce
- Italy
| | | | - Vito Capriati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco
- Università di Bari “A. Moro”
- Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S
- I-70125 Bari
- Italy
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