1
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Nobile E, Hébert JP, Castanheiro T, Ledoux A, Besset T. Cost-Efficient, Multigram Scalable Synthesis of Shelf-Stable Electrophilic (Phenylsulfonyl)difluoromethylating Reagents. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Nobile
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), Rouen 76000, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hébert
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, LSPC, Saint Etienne du Rouvray 76801, France
| | - Thomas Castanheiro
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), Rouen 76000, France
| | - Alain Ledoux
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, LSPC, Saint Etienne du Rouvray 76801, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), Rouen 76000, France
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2
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Rani N, Soni R, Sihag M, Kinger M, Aneja DK. Combined Approach of Hypervalent Iodine Reagents and Transition Metals in Organic Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rani
- Department of Chemistry Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani-127021 Haryana India
| | - Rinku Soni
- Department of Chemistry Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani-127021 Haryana India
| | - Monika Sihag
- Department of Chemistry Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani-127021 Haryana India
| | - Mayank Kinger
- Department of Chemistry Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani-127021 Haryana India
| | - Deepak K. Aneja
- Department of Chemistry Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani-127021 Haryana India
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3
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Allylic substitution reactions with fluorinated nucleophiles. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Zhai SJ, Cahard D, Zhang FG, Ma JA. Metal-free regioselective construction of 2-aryl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl difluoromethylene phosphonates. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Gao M, Vuagnat M, Jubault P, Besset T. N
‐Thiocyanato‐2,10‐camphorsultam Derivatives: Design and Applications of Original Electrophilic Thiocyanating Reagents. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Gao
- Normandie Univ INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | - Martin Vuagnat
- Normandie Univ INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
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6
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Zhong M, Pannecoucke X, Jubault P, Poisson T. Copper-Photocatalyzed Hydrosilylation of Alkynes and Alkenes under Continuous Flow. Chemistry 2021; 27:11818-11822. [PMID: 34075660 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the photocatalytic hydrosilylation of alkynes and alkenes under continuous flow conditions is described. By using 0.2 mol % of the developed [Cu(dmp)(XantphosTEPD)]PF6 under blue LEDs irradiation, a large panel of alkenes and alkynes was hydrosilylated in good to excellent yields with a large functional group tolerance. The mechanism of the reaction was studied, and a plausible scenario was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbing Zhong
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, France
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7
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Zhong M, Gagné Y, Hope TO, Pannecoucke X, Frenette M, Jubault P, Poisson T. Copper-Photocatalyzed Hydroboration of Alkynes and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14498-14503. [PMID: 33780588 PMCID: PMC8252632 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The photocatalytic hydroboration of alkenes and alkynes is reported. The use of newly-designed copper photocatalysts with B2 Pin2 permits the formation a boryl radical, which is used for hydroboration of a large panel of alkenes and alkynes. The hydroborated products were isolated in high yields, with excellent diastereoselectivities and a high functional group tolerance under mild conditions. The hydroboration reactions were developed under continuous flow conditions to demonstrate their synthetic utility. The reaction mechanism was studied and suggested an oxidation reaction between an in situ formed borate and the Cu-photocatalyst in its excited state for the boryl radical formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbing Zhong
- Normandie Univ.INSA RouenUNIROUENCNRSCOBRA (UMR 6014)76000RouenFrance
| | - Yohann Gagné
- Département de ChimieUniversité du Québec à MontréalCase postal 8888, Succursale Centre-VilleMontréalQuébecH3C 3P8Canada
| | - Taylor O. Hope
- Département de ChimieUniversité du Québec à MontréalCase postal 8888, Succursale Centre-VilleMontréalQuébecH3C 3P8Canada
| | | | - Mathieu Frenette
- Département de ChimieUniversité du Québec à MontréalCase postal 8888, Succursale Centre-VilleMontréalQuébecH3C 3P8Canada
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ.INSA RouenUNIROUENCNRSCOBRA (UMR 6014)76000RouenFrance
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ.INSA RouenUNIROUENCNRSCOBRA (UMR 6014)76000RouenFrance
- Institut Universitaire de France1 rue Descartes75231ParisFrance
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8
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Zhong M, Gagné Y, Hope TO, Pannecoucke X, Frenette M, Jubault P, Poisson T. Copper‐Photocatalyzed Hydroboration of Alkynes and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingbing Zhong
- Normandie Univ. INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | - Yohann Gagné
- Département de Chimie Université du Québec à Montréal Case postal 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Taylor O. Hope
- Département de Chimie Université du Québec à Montréal Case postal 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ. INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | - Mathieu Frenette
- Département de Chimie Université du Québec à Montréal Case postal 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ. INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ. INSA Rouen UNIROUEN CNRS COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
- Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue Descartes 75231 Paris France
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9
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Shevchuk M, Wang Q, Pajkert R, Xu J, Mei H, Röschenthaler G, Han J. Recent Advances in Synthesis of Difluoromethylene Phosphonates for Biological Applications. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shevchuk
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Romana Pajkert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Jingcheng Xu
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Gerd‐Volker Röschenthaler
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
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10
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Gao M, Chen MY, Pannecoucke X, Jubault P, Besset T. Pd-Catalyzed Directed Thiocyanation Reaction by C-H Bond Activation. Chemistry 2020; 26:15497-15500. [PMID: 32833317 PMCID: PMC7756308 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Pd‐catalyzed directed thiocyanation reaction of arenes and heteroarenes by C−H bond activation was achieved. In the presence of an electrophilic SCN source, this original methodology offered an efficient tool to access a panel of functionalized thiocyanated compounds (21 examples, up to 78 % yield). Post‐functionalization reactions further demonstrated the synthetic utility of the approach by converting the SCN‐containing molecules into value‐added scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Gao
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Mu-Yi Chen
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
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11
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Brégent T, Bouillon JP, Poisson T. Copper-Photocatalyzed Contra-Thermodynamic Isomerization of Polarized Alkenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:7688-7693. [PMID: 32945682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The contra-thermodynamic isomerization of α- and β-substituted cinnamate derivatives catalyzed by the Cu(OAc)2/rac-BINAP complex under blue light irradiation is reported. The use of an oxazolidinone template, which favored the complexation of the copper catalyst to the substrate, allowed the E → Z isomerization of the catalytically formed chromophore under simple and robust reaction conditions in good to excellent ratios. The mechanism of this process based on the transient formation of a chromophore was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Brégent
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | | | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
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12
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Ruyet L, Besset T. Copper-based fluorinated reagents for the synthesis of CF 2R-containing molecules (R ≠ F). Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1051-1065. [PMID: 32550920 PMCID: PMC7277540 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the development of new methodologies for the introduction of various fluorinated motifs has gained a significant interest due to the importance of fluorine-containing molecules in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. In a world eager to eco-friendlier tools, the need for innovative methods has been growing. To address these two challenges, copper-based reagents were developed to introduce CF2H, CF2RF, CF2CH3, CF2PO(OEt)2 and CF2SO2Ph motifs on a broad range of substrates. Copper-based fluorinated reagents have the advantage of being inexpensive and generally in situ generated or prepared in a few steps, which make them convenient to use. In this review, an overview of the recent advances made for the synthesis of fluorinated molecules using copper-based fluorinated reagents will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Ruyet
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
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13
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Petit‐Cancelier F, François B, Pannecoucke X, Couve‐Bonnaire S, Besset T. S
‐(Diethyl phosphonodifluoromethyl)Benzenesulfonothioate: A New Reagent for the Synthesis of SCF
2
PO(OEt)
2
‐containing Molecules. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin François
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
| | | | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014) 76000 Rouen France
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14
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Yang Y, Luo G, Li Y, Tong X, He M, Zeng H, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zheng Y. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling for Transforming Unactivated Aryl Electrophiles into β-Fluoroethylarenes. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:156-162. [PMID: 31755237 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a facile synthetic method for converting unactivated (hetero)aryl electrophiles into β-fluoroethylated (hetero)arenes via nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-couplings. This coupling reaction features the involvement of FCH2 CH2 radical intermediate rather than β-fluoroethyl manganese species which provides effective solutions to the problematic β-fluoride side eliminations. The practical value of this protocol is further demonstrated by the late-stage modification of several complex ArCl or ArOH-derived bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Gen Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Youlin Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Xia Tong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Mengmeng He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Hongyao Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, 778 Binghe Road, Leshan, Sichuan, 614000, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Yingle Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Yubin Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
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15
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Zi Y, Lange M, Vilotijevic I. Enantioselective Lewis base catalyzed phosphonyldifluoromethylation of allylic fluorides using a C-silyl latent pronucleophile. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5689-5692. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01815e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The first enantioselective phosphonyldifluoromethylation is enabled by the use of a latent silylated C-centered pronucleophile in the Lewis base catalyzed substitution of allylic fluorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Markus Lange
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Ivan Vilotijevic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
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16
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Poutrel P, Ivanova MV, Pannecoucke X, Jubault P, Poisson T. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Formation of C-CF 3 Centers from β-CF 3 -Substituted Acrylates and Acrylonitriles. Chemistry 2019; 25:15262-15266. [PMID: 31517410 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of β-trifluoromethylated esters or nitriles is reported. The use of an in situ formed chiral Cu-H complex allowed the enantioselective reduction of β-trifluoromethylated acrylates or acrylonitriles. The reaction proceeds smoothly affording the corresponding enantioenriched products in good to excellent yields and outstanding enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee). The mechanism of the reaction was studied, and a plausible reaction pathway was suggested accordingly. Finally, the versatility of the products was highlighted through functional group manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Poutrel
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Maria V Ivanova
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, France
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17
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Huang WS, Delcourt ML, Pannecoucke X, Charette AB, Poisson T, Jubault P. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of α,α-Difluoromethylated and α-Fluoromethylated Tertiary Alcohols. Org Lett 2019; 21:7509-7513. [PMID: 31497967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of α,α-difluoromethylated tertiary alcohols is described, using an asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction. This protocol using either the AD-mix-α or AD-mix-β allowed an easy access to these valuable fluorinated chiral building blocks, which have been obtained with excellent yields and er. In addition, the reaction was extended to the α-fluoromethylated analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Huang
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen , UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Marie-Léonie Delcourt
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen , UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen , UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen , France
| | - André B Charette
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown , Montréal , Québec H3C 3J7 , Canada
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen , UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen , France.,Institut Universitaire de France , 1 rue Descartes , 75231 Paris , France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Université, INSA Rouen , UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen , France
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18
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Yamamoto Y, Ishida Y, Takamizu Y, Yasui T. Synthesis of (Difluoromethyl)cycloalkenes from 2‐Cycloalkenones by Utilizing Phospha‐Brook Rearrangement. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Yuki Ishida
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Yosuke Takamizu
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Takeshi Yasui
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
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19
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Dohi T, Hayashi T, Ueda S, Shoji T, Komiyama K, Takeuchi H, Kita Y. Recyclable synthesis of mesityl iodonium(III) salts. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Koseki D, Aoto E, Shoji T, Watanabe K, In Y, Kita Y, Dohi T. Efficient N-arylation of azole compounds utilizing selective aryl-transfer TMP-iodonium(III) reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Zhang J, Lambert E, Xu ZF, Brioche J, Remy P, Piettre SR. From Oxygen to Sulfur and Back: Difluoro-H-phosphinothioates as a Turning Point in the Preparation of Difluorinated Phosphinates: Application to the Synthesis of Modified Dinucleotides. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5245-5260. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Emilie Lambert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Ze-Feng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Julien Brioche
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Pauline Remy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Serge R. Piettre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
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22
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Zhang K, Bian K, Li C, Sheng J, Li Y, Wang X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Carbofluoroalkylation of 1,3‐Enynes to Access Structurally Diverse Fluoroalkylated Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5069-5074. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai‐Fan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Kang‐Jie Bian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chao Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xi‐Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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23
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Zhang K, Bian K, Li C, Sheng J, Li Y, Wang X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Carbofluoroalkylation of 1,3‐Enynes to Access Structurally Diverse Fluoroalkylated Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai‐Fan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Kang‐Jie Bian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chao Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xi‐Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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24
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Pannecoucke X, Besset T. Use of ArSO 2SR f reagents: an efficient tool for the introduction of SR f moieties. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1683-1693. [PMID: 30656342 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02995d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a renewal of interest was shown to the quest for new synthetic solutions to directly introduce emergent fluorinated groups (SRf) onto molecules. In this context, a new generation of reagents (ArSO2SRf) as efficient sources of SCF3, SCF2H and more generally SRf groups, was designed. Hence, potent solutions were developed for the synthesis of SRf-containing molecules, compounds of interest for drug and agrochemical research. This review highlights the recent advances made in the synthesis and the use of this new class of reagents, considerably extending the portfolio of tools for the direct introduction of SRf moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France.
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25
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Nitelet A, Thevenet D, Schiavi B, Hardouin C, Fournier J, Tamion R, Pannecoucke X, Jubault P, Poisson T. Copper-Photocatalyzed Borylation of Organic Halides under Batch and Continuous-Flow Conditions. Chemistry 2019; 25:3262-3266. [PMID: 30600852 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The copper-photocatalyzed borylation of aryl, heteroaryl, vinyl and alkyl halides (I and Br) was reported. The reaction proceeded using a new heteroleptic Cu complex under irradiation with blue LEDs, giving the corresponding boronic-acid esters in good to excellent yields. The reaction was extended to continuous-flow conditions to allow an easy scale-up. The mechanism of the reaction was studied and a mechanism based on a reductive quenching (CuI /CuI */Cu0 ) was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Nitelet
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Damien Thevenet
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Bruno Schiavi
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Christophe Hardouin
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Jean Fournier
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Rodolphe Tamion
- Industrial Research Centre-, Oril Industrie, CS 60125, 76210, Bolbec, France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, France
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26
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Yang Q, Lin QQ, Xing HY, Zhao ZG. Visible-light-mediated difluoromethylphosphonation of alkenes for the synthesis of CF2P-containing heterocycles. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01030k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Novel synthesis of CF2P-containing heterocycles has been developed via visible-light-mediated nucleophilic cyclization of unsaturated carboxylic acids, alcohol and sulfonamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Qing Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Hou-Ying Xing
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
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27
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Wang J, Xiong HY, Petit E, Bailly L, Pannecoucke X, Poisson T, Besset T. BiCl3-Mediated direct functionalization of unsaturated C–C bonds with an electrophilic SCF2PO(OEt)2 reagent. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8784-8787. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01851d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A general access to challenging and unprecedented C(sp)–, C(sp2)– and C(sp3)–SCF2PO(OEt)2 bonds via a BiCl3 mediated transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wang
- Normandie Univ
- INSA Rouen
- UNIROUEN
- CNRS
- COBRA (UMR 6014)
| | | | - Emilie Petit
- Normandie Univ
- INSA Rouen
- UNIROUEN
- CNRS
- COBRA (UMR 6014)
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28
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Komoda K, Iwamoto R, Kasumi M, Amii H. Copper-Promoted Cross-Coupling Reactions for the Synthesis of Aryl(difluoromethyl)phosphonates Using Trimethylsilyl(difluoromethyl)phosphonate. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123292. [PMID: 30545029 PMCID: PMC6321065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient and effective route for the synthesis of aryl(difluoromethyl)phosphonates has been developed based on cross-coupling reactions. Upon treatment with a stoichiometric amount (or a catalytic amount in some cases) of CuI and CsF, aryl iodides reacted smoothly with (silyldifluoromethyl)phosphonates to give the corresponding aryl(difluoromethyl)phosphonates in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Komoda
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Rei Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Kasumi
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Hideki Amii
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
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29
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Ou Y, Gooßen LJ. Copper‐Mediated Synthesis of (Diethylphosphono)difluoromethyl Thioethers from Diazonium Salts, NaSCN, and TMS‐CF
2
PO(OEt)
2. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ou
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150, ZEMOS 2.27 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150, ZEMOS 2.27 44801 Bochum Germany
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30
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Yang Q, Li C, Qi ZC, Qiang XY, Yang SD. Photocatalyzed Intermolecular Aminodifluoromethylphosphonation of Alkenes: Facile Synthesis of α,α-Difluoro-γ-aminophosphonates. Chemistry 2018; 24:14363-14367. [PMID: 29979472 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and practical method for the synthesis of α,α-difluoro-γ-aminophosphonates through photocatalyzed intermolecular aminodifluoromethylphosphonation of alkenes has been developed. In this reaction, difluoromethylphosphonate is used as an important fluorinated reagent. Furthermore, the mild reaction conditions, simple operation, and broad substrate scope make this protocol very practical and attractive. The derivatization reaction in the synthesis of difluoromethylphosphonated chiral binaphthylamine ligands and α,α-difluoro-γ-aminophosphoric acid highlight the applicability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yue Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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31
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33
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Chen HX, Kang J, Chang R, Zhang YL, Duan HZ, Li YM, Chen YX. Synthesis of α,α-Difluorinated Phosphonate pSer/pThr Mimetics via Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of β-Difluorophosphonomethyl α-(Acylamino)acrylates. Org Lett 2018; 20:3278-3281. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Kang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yun-Lai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hua-Zhen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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34
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1-C-phosphonomethyl- and 1-C-difluorophosphonomethyl-1,4-imino-l-arabinitols as Galf transferase inhibitors: A comparison. Carbohydr Res 2018; 461:45-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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35
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Kovács S, Bayarmagnai B, Aillerie A, Gooßen LJ. Practical Reagents and Methods for Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Phosphorothiolations. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Kovács
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Bilguun Bayarmagnai
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Alexandre Aillerie
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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36
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Meanwell NA. Fluorine and Fluorinated Motifs in the Design and Application of Bioisosteres for Drug Design. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5822-5880. [PMID: 29400967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1311] [Impact Index Per Article: 218.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The electronic properties and relatively small size of fluorine endow it with considerable versatility as a bioisostere and it has found application as a substitute for lone pairs of electrons, the hydrogen atom, and the methyl group while also acting as a functional mimetic of the carbonyl, carbinol, and nitrile moieties. In this context, fluorine substitution can influence the potency, conformation, metabolism, membrane permeability, and P-gp recognition of a molecule and temper inhibition of the hERG channel by basic amines. However, as a consequence of the unique properties of fluorine, it features prominently in the design of higher order structural metaphors that are more esoteric in their conception and which reflect a more sophisticated molecular construction that broadens biological mimesis. In this Perspective, applications of fluorine in the construction of bioisosteric elements designed to enhance the in vitro and in vivo properties of a molecule are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Discovery Chemistry and Molecular Technologies Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development P.O. Box 4000, Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , United States
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