1
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Sun A, Li Z, Wang Y, Meng S, Zhang X, Meng X, Li S, Li Z, Li Z. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of α-3-Deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic Acid (α-Kdo) Glycosides Using C3-p-Tolylthio-Substituted Kdo Donors: Access to Highly Branched Kdo Oligosaccharides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313985. [PMID: 38014418 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
3-Deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) is an eight-carbon monosaccharide found widely in bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and capsule polysaccharides (CPSs). We developed an indirect method for the stereoselective synthesis of α-Kdo glycosides with a C3-p-tolylthio-substituted Kdo phosphite donor. The presence of the p-tolylthio group enhanced the reactivity, suppressed the formation of elimination by-products (2,3-enes), and provided complete α-stereocontrol. A variety of Kdo α-glycosides were synthesized by our method in excellent yields (up to 98 %). After glycosylation, the p-tolylthio group can be efficiently removed by free-radical reduction. Subsequently, the orthogonality of the phosphite donor and thioglycoside donor was demonstrated by the one-pot synthesis of a trisaccharide in Helicobacter pylori and Neisseria meningitidis LPS. Moreover, an efficient total synthesis route to the challenging 4,5-branched Kdo trisaccharide in LPSs from several A. baumannii strains was highlighted. To demonstrate the high reactivity of our approach further, the highly crowded 4,5,7,8-branched Kdo pentasaccharide was synthesized as a model molecule for the first time. Additionally, the reaction mechanism was investigated by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuai Meng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiangbao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuchun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhongtang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
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2
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Zhang W, Xu R, Chen J, Xiong H, Wang Y, Pang B, Du G, Kang Z. Advances and challenges in biotechnological production of chondroitin sulfate and its oligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126551. [PMID: 37659488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a member of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and has critical physiological functions. CS is widely applied in medical and clinical fields. Currently, the supply of CS relies on traditional animal tissue extraction methods. From the perspective of medical applications, the biggest drawback of animal-derived CS is its uncontrollable molecular weight and sulfonated patterns, which are key factors affecting CS activities. The advances of cell-free enzyme catalyzed systems and de novo biosynthesis strategies have paved the way to rationally regulate CS sulfonated pattern and molecular weight. In this review, we first present a general overview of biosynthesized CS and its oligosaccharides. Then, the advances in chondroitin biosynthesis, 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) synthesis and regeneration, and CS biosynthesis catalyzed by sulfotransferases are discussed. Moreover, the progress of mining and expression of chondroitin depolymerizing enzymes for preparation of CS oligosaccharides is also summarized. Finally, we analyze and discuss the challenges faced in synthesizing CS and its oligosaccharides using microbial and enzymatic methods. In summary, the biotechnological production of CS and its oligosaccharides is a promising method in addressing the drawbacks associated with animal-derived CS and enabling the production of CS oligosaccharides with defined structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruirui Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haibo Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Bo Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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3
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QIN CJ, HOU HL, DING MR, QI YK, TIAN GZ, ZOU XP, FU JJ, HU J, YIN J. Chemical synthesis of a synthetically useful L-galactosaminuronic acid building block. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:387-392. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Vessella G, Marchetti R, Del Prete A, Traboni S, Iadonisi A, Schiraldi C, Silipo A, Bedini E. Semisynthetic Isomers of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Polysaccharides with Fucosyl Branches at a Non-Natural Site. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:5151-5161. [PMID: 34775751 PMCID: PMC8672353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The several interesting
activities detected for fucosylated chondroitin
sulfate (fCS) have fueled in the last years several efforts toward
the obtainment of fCS oligosaccharides and low molecular weight (LMW)
polysaccharides with a well-defined structure, in order to avoid the
problems associated with the potential employment of native, sea cucumber
sourced fCSs as a drug. Total synthesis and controlled depolymerization
of the natural fCS polysaccharides are the main approaches to this
aim; nonetheless, they present some limitations. These could be circumvented
by semisynthesis, a strategy relying upon the regioselective fucosylation
and sulfation of a microbial sourced polysaccharide sharing the same
chondroitin backbone of fCS but devoid of any fucose (Fuc) and sulfate
decoration on it. This approach is highly versatile, as it could open
access also to fCS isomers carrying Fuc and sulfate groups at non-natural
sites. Here we prepare for the first time some structurally homogeneous
fCS isomers through a multistep procedure with a glycosylation reaction
between a LMW polysaccharide acceptor and three different Fuc donors
as key step. The obtained products were subjected to a detailed structural
characterization by 2D-NMR. The conformational behavior was also investigated
by NMR and molecular dynamics simulation methods and compared with
data reported for natural fCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vessella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Del Prete
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Serena Traboni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfonso Iadonisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via de Crecchio 7, I-80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Emiliano Bedini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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5
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Rojo J, Nieto PM, de Paz JL. GAG Multivalent Systems to interact with Langerin. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1173-1192. [PMID: 34225602 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210705143102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Langerin is a C-type Lectin expressed at the surface of Langerhans cells, which play a pivotal role in protecting organisms against pathogen infections. To address this aim, Langerin presents at least two recognition sites, one Ca2+-dependent and another one independent, capable of recognizing a variety of carbohydrate ligands. In contrast to other lectins, Langerin recognizes sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), a family of complex and heterogeneous polysaccharides present in the cell membrane and the extracellular matrix at the interphase generated in the trimeric form of Langerin but absent in the monomeric form. The complexity of these oligosaccharides has impeded the development of well-defined monodisperse structures to study these interaction processes. However, in the last few decades, an improvement of synthetic developments to achieve the preparation of carbohydrate multivalent systems mimicking the GAGs has been described. Despite all these contributions, very few examples are reported where the GAG multivalent structures are used to evaluate the interaction with Langerin. These molecules should pave the way to explore these GAG-Langerin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rojo
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Pedro M Nieto
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - José Luis de Paz
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain
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6
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Torres-Rico M, Maza S, de Paz JL, Nieto PM. Synthesis, structure and midkine binding of chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharide analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5312-5326. [PMID: 34048524 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00882j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) oligosaccharide mimetics, more easily synthesized than natural sequences, is a highly interesting task because these compounds pave the way for modulation of the biological processes in which CS is involved. Herein, we report the synthesis of CS type E analogues which present easily accessible glucose units instead of glucuronic acid (GlcA) moieties. NMR experiments and molecular dynamics simulations showed that the 3D structure of these compounds is similar to the structure of the natural CS-E oligosaccharides. In addition, fluorescence polarization (FP) and saturation transfer difference NMR (STD-NMR) experiments revealed that the synthesized CS-like derivatives were able to interact with midkine, a model heparin-binding growth factor, suggesting that the presence of the GlcA carboxylate groups is not essential for the binding. Overall, our results indicate that the synthesized glucose-containing oligosaccharides can be considered as functional and structural CS mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Torres-Rico
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), cicCartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Susana Maza
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), cicCartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - José L de Paz
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), cicCartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Pedro M Nieto
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), cicCartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
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7
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Prolonged release and shelf-life of anticoagulant sulfated polysaccharides encapsulated with ZIF-8. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1174-1183. [PMID: 33984382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural active polysaccharides are attracting increased attention from pharmaceutical industries for their valuable biological activities. However, the application of polysaccharides has been restricted due to their relatively large molecular weight, complex structure, and instability. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged to help deliver cargo to specific locations, achieving the objectives of eliminating the potential damage to the body, protecting the drugs, and improving therapeutic effectiveness. Here, a pH-responsive zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) was synthesized to encapsulated three sulfated polysaccharides (heparin, fucan sulfate, fucosylated chondroitin sulfate) and a non-sulfated polysaccharide, hyaluronic acid. The resulting polysaccharides@ZIF-8 biocomposites showed differences in terms of morphology, particle size, encapsulation, and release efficiency. These biocomposites retained antithrombotic activity and the framework ZIF-8 effectively protected these polysaccharides from degradation and prolonged shelf-life of the anticoagulants from the unfavorable environment.
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8
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Li H, Yuan Q, Lv K, Ma H, Gao C, Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhao L. Low-molecular-weight fucosylated glycosaminoglycan and its oligosaccharides from sea cucumber as novel anticoagulants: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:117034. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Zhang L, Xu P, Liu B, Yu B. Chemical Synthesis of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Oligosaccharides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15908-15919. [PMID: 32567313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FuCSs) are a unique type of polysaccharides occurring in sea cucumber that show a variety of biological activities. In particular, well-defined FuCS oligosaccharides, consisting of a trisaccharide repeating unit of β-d-GalNAc(4,6-diS)-(1→4)-[α-l-Fuc(2,4-diS)-(1→3)]-β-d-GlcUA, display potent anticoagulant activity via selective inhibition of the intrinsic tenase, which could be developed into anticoagulant drugs without bleeding risk. Herein, we report an effective approach to the synthesis of FuCS oligosaccharides, as demonstrated by the successful elaboration of FuCS tri-, hexa-, and nonasaccharides. The syntheses employ an orthogonally protected trisaccharide as a pivotal building block that can be readily converted into the donor and acceptor for glycosidic coupling. In addition, the internal patterns of protecting groups, involving N-trichloroacetyl for N-acetyl group, benzylidene and benzyl groups for sulfonated hydroxyl groups, and benzoyl and methyl esters for free hydroxyl and carboxylic acid, respectively, ensure stereoselective formation of the glycosidic linkages and sequential transformation into the desired FuCS oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhong Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024,, China
| | - Benzhang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024,, China
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10
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Yan L, Wang D, Yu Y, Zhang F, Ye X, Linhardt RJ, Chen S. Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate 9-18 Oligomers Exhibit Molecular Size-Independent Antithrombotic Activity while Circulating in the Blood. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2232-2246. [PMID: 32786291 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS) oligosaccharides extracted from sea cucumber and depolymerized exhibit potent anticoagulant activity. Knowledge of the antithrombotic activity of different size oligosaccharides and their fucose (Fuc) branch sulfation pattern should promote their development for clinical applications. We prepared highly purified FCS trisaccharide repeating units from hexasaccharide (6-mer) to octadecasaccharide (18-mer), including those with 2,4-disulfated and 3,4-disulfated Fuc branches. All 10 oligosaccharides were identified by their nuclear magnetic resonance structures and ESI-FTMS spectroscopy. In vitro anticoagulant activities and surface plasmon resonance binding tests indicated those of larger molecular sizes and 2,4-disulfated Fuc branches showed stronger anticoagulant effects with respect to anti-FXase activity, as well as stronger binding to FIXa among various clotting proteins. However, both types of FCS 9-mer to 18-mer exhibited molecular size-independent potent antithrombotic activity in vivo at the same dose. In addition, both types of the FCS 6-mer exhibited favorable antithrombotic activity in vivo, although they showed weak anticoagulant activity in vitro. Combining absorption and metabolism studies, we conclude that FCS 9-18 oligomers could remain in the circulation to interact with various clotting proteins to prevent thrombus formation, and appreciable quantities of these oligomers could be excreted through the kidneys. All FCS 9-18 oligomers also resulted in no bleeding, hypotension, or platelet aggregation risk during blood circulation. Thus, FCS 9-18 oligomers with 2,4-disulfated or 3,4-disulfated Fuc branches exhibit potent and safe antithrombotic activity needed for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufeng Yan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Danli Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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11
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Bertuzzi S, Quintana JI, Ardá A, Gimeno A, Jiménez-Barbero J. Targeting Galectins With Glycomimetics. Front Chem 2020; 8:593. [PMID: 32850631 PMCID: PMC7426508 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among glycan-binding proteins, galectins, β-galactoside-binding lectins, exhibit relevant biological roles and are implicated in many diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. Their involvement in crucial pathologies makes them interesting targets for drug discovery. In this review, we gather the last approaches toward the specific design of glycomimetics as potential drugs against galectins. Different approaches, either using specific glycomimetic molecules decorated with key functional groups or employing multivalent presentations of lactose and N-acetyl lactosamine analogs, have provided promising results for binding and modulating different galectins. The review highlights the results obtained with these approximations, from the employment of S-glycosyl compounds to peptidomimetics and multivalent glycopolymers, mostly employed to recognize and/or detect hGal-1 and hGal-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bertuzzi
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Jon I Quintana
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country - UPV-EHU, Leioa, Spain
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12
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Ji Y, Zhang S, Qiao M, Jiao R, Li J, Song P, Zhang X, Huang H. Synthesis of structurally defined chondroitin sulfate: Paving the way to the structure-activity relationship studies. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 248:116796. [PMID: 32919534 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is one of the major and widespread glycosaminoglycans, a family of structurally complex, linear, anionic hetero-co-polysaccharides. CS plays a vital role in various normal physiological and pathological processes, thus, showing varieties of biological activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-thrombosis, and insignificant immunogenicity. However, the heterogeneity of the naturally occurring CS potentially leads to function unspecific and limits further structure-activity relationship studies. Therefore, the synthesis of CS with well-defined and uniform chain lengths is of major interest for the development of reliable drugs. In this review, we examine the remarkable progress that has been made in the chemical, enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of CS and its derivatives, providing a broad spectrum of options to access CS of well controlled chain lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ji
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shilin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng Qiao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ruoyu Jiao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Ping Song
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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13
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Domínguez-Rodríguez P, Vivès C, Thepaut M, Fieschi F, Nieto PM, de Paz JL, Rojo J. Second-Generation Dendrimers with Chondroitin Sulfate Type-E Disaccharides as Multivalent Ligands for Langerin. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2726-2734. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Domínguez-Rodríguez
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de La Cartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Corinne Vivès
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Thepaut
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Pedro M. Nieto
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de La Cartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José L. de Paz
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de La Cartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Rojo
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de La Cartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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14
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Vessella G, Traboni S, Laezza A, Iadonisi A, Bedini E. (Semi)-Synthetic Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Oligo- and Polysaccharides. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E293. [PMID: 32492857 PMCID: PMC7345195 DOI: 10.3390/md18060293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (fCS) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) polysaccharide with a unique structure, displaying a backbone composed of alternating N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (GalNAc) and d-glucuronic acid (GlcA) units on which l-fucose (Fuc) branches are installed. fCS shows several potential biomedical applications, with the anticoagulant activity standing as the most promising and widely investigated one. Natural fCS polysaccharides extracted from marine organisms (Echinoidea, Holothuroidea) present some advantages over a largely employed antithrombotic drug such as heparin, but some adverse effects as well as a frequently found structural heterogeneity hamper its development as a new drug. To circumvent these drawbacks, several efforts have been made in the last decade to obtain synthetic and semi-synthetic fCS oligosaccharides and low molecular weight polysaccharides. In this Review we have for the first time collected these reports together, dividing them in two topics: (i) total syntheses of fCS oligosaccharides and (ii) semi-synthetic approaches to fCS oligosaccharides and low molecular weight polysaccharides as well as glycoclusters displaying multiple copies of fCS species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vessella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.V.); (S.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Serena Traboni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.V.); (S.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Antonio Laezza
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, I-85100 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Alfonso Iadonisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.V.); (S.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Emiliano Bedini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.V.); (S.T.); (A.I.)
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15
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Two different fucosylated chondroitin sulfates: Structural elucidation, stimulating hematopoiesis and immune-enhancing effects. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 230:115698. [PMID: 31887892 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Two fucosylated chondroitin sulfates FCShp and FCSht were isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria polii and Holothuria tubulosa, respectively. The NMR spectroscopy and HILIC-FTMS methods were applied for their detailed structural characterization. Chemical analysis indicated that the two FCSs all contained a chondroitin sulfate backbone chondroitin sulfate-like core and fucosyl branches of α-L-Fuc2,4S, α-L-Fuc4S or α-L-Fuc3,4S linked to O-3 of glucuronic acid residues. The main branches of FCShp and FCSht were monofucose, and the small amounts of di-, tri- and tetrafucose with α-1,3-linkage type were also detected. Finally, we investigated the immunomodulatory function of FCShp and FCSht in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mouse models. The results showed that FCShp and FCSht had beneficial effects on hematopoietic function recovery in CTX-induced bone marrow suppression mice. Notably, the α-L-Fuc2,4S was more important to the activity than α-L-Fuc3,4S. These results provided basis for developing the drugs to reduce side effects of chemotherapy.
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16
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Fan F, Zhang P, Wang L, Sun T, Cai C, Yu G. Synthesis and Properties of Functional Glycomimetics through Click Grafting of Fucose onto Chondroitin Sulfates. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3798-3808. [PMID: 31361469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (fCS), a representative marine polysaccharide isolated from sea cucumber, possesses diverse biological functions especially as a promising anticoagulant. However, its supply suffers from the challenges of high-cost materials, different species, and batch-to-batch variability. In the present study, we designed a concise route for the synthesis of functional glycomimetics by natural fCS as a template. 4-(4,6-Dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride-mediated amidation was applied on chondroitin sulfates for site-selective alkynylation with controllable ratios between 0.15 and 0.78. A small library of 12 fCS glycomimetics with specific sulfation patterns and fucose branches was prepared through copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, which was fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and size-exclusion chromatography with multiangle light scattering and refractive index. Through screening of their biological activities, CSE-F1 and CSE-SF1 exhibited anticoagulant activities through intrinsic pathway and inhibition of factor Xa by antithrombin III. The concise approach developed herein supplies novel glycopolymers to mimic the distinct functions of natural polysaccharides and promote the development of marine carbohydrate-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chao Cai
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) , Qingdao 266003 , China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) , Qingdao 266003 , China
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17
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Synthesis of a Fluorous-Tagged Hexasaccharide and Interaction with Growth Factors Using Sugar-Coated Microplates. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24081591. [PMID: 31013665 PMCID: PMC6515340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis of a sulfated, fully protected hexasaccharide as a glycosaminoglycan mimetic and the study of its interactions with different growth factors: midkine, basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) and nerve growth factor (NGF). Following a fluorous-assisted approach, monosaccharide building blocks were successfully assembled and the target oligosaccharide was prepared in excellent yield. The use of more acid stable 4,6-O-silylidene protected glucosamine units was crucial for the efficiency of this strategy because harsh reaction conditions were needed in the glycosylations to avoid the formation of orthoester side products. Fluorescence polarization experiments demonstrated the strong interactions between the synthesized hexamer, and midkine and FGF-2. In addition, we have developed an alternative assay to analyse these molecular recognition events. The prepared oligosaccharide was non-covalently attached to a fluorous-functionalized microplate and the direct binding of the protein to the sugar-immobilized surface was measured, affording the corresponding KD,surf value.
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18
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Strategies for the Development of Glycomimetic Drug Candidates. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020055. [PMID: 30978966 PMCID: PMC6631974 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are a structurally-diverse group of natural products which play an important role in numerous biological processes, including immune regulation, infection, and cancer metastasis. Many diseases have been correlated with changes in the composition of cell-surface glycans, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic target. Unfortunately, native carbohydrates suffer from inherently weak binding affinities and poor pharmacokinetic properties. To enhance their usefulness as drug candidates, 'glycomimetics' have been developed: more drug-like compounds which mimic the structure and function of native carbohydrates. Approaches to improve binding affinities (e.g., deoxygenation, pre-organization) and pharmacokinetic properties (e.g., limiting metabolic degradation, improving permeability) have been highlighted in this review, accompanied by relevant examples. By utilizing these strategies, high-affinity ligands with optimized properties can be rationally designed and used to address therapies for novel carbohydrate-binding targets.
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19
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Mena-Barragán T, de Paz JL, Nieto PM. Unexpected loss of stereoselectivity in glycosylation reactions during the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharides. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:137-144. [PMID: 30745989 PMCID: PMC6350880 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we present an exploratory study on the fluorous-assisted synthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS) oligosaccharides. Following this approach, a CS tetrasaccharide was prepared. However, in contrast to our previous results, a significant loss of β-selectivity was observed in [2 + 2] glycosylations involving N-trifluoroacetyl-protected D-galactosamine donors and D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) acceptors. These results, together with those obtained from experiments employing model monosaccharide building blocks, highlight the impact of the glycosyl acceptor structure on the stereoselectivity of glycosylation reactions. Our study provides useful data about the substitution pattern of GlcA units for the efficient synthesis of CS oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Mena-Barragán
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), cicCartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José L de Paz
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), cicCartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro M Nieto
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), cicCartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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20
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Ma L, Huang J, Zhu X, Zhu B, Wang L, Zhao W, Qiu L, Song B, Zhao C, Yan F. In vitro and in vivo anticoagulant activity of heparin-like biomacromolecules and the mechanism analysis for heparin-mimicking activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 122:784-792. [PMID: 30399381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Heparin-like biomacromolecules (HepLBm), exhibiting similar chemical structure and biological properties to heparin, can be obtained by modifying either synthetic biopolymers or natural biomacromolecules with physical or chemical methods. In this work, a low-cost and biocompatible sodium alginate was chosen as a model biomacromolecule to design anticoagulant HepLBm with a similar sulfation degree to heparin. FTIR, 1H NMR, and element analysis data were used to confirm the chemical structure of HepLBm. Hemolysis tests, clotting time, complement activation, and contact activation tests were carried out to determine the in vitro anticoagulant activity of HepLBm. In addition, systematic studies of blood cell count, coagulation function, and histopathology were performed to demonstrate the in vivo anticoagulant activity and toxicity of HepLBm with SD rat experiments. Furthermore, a series of linear molecules containing carboxyl groups, sulfonic groups, and hydroxyl groups were selected and their clotting time was tested to provide a mechanism analysis for the excellent anticoagulant activity of HepLBm. With the excellent in vitro/in vivo anticoagulant activity, good biocompatibility, and low cost, the HepLBm synthesized in this work would have great potential for substitution of heparin in many application fields, such as the surface modification of biomedical devices, extracorporeal anticoagulants, and other clinical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Ma
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bihui Zhu
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liyun Wang
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Feng Yan
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, Department of Ultrasound, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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21
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He H, Chen D, Li X, Li C, Zhao JH, Qin HB. Synthesis of trisaccharide repeating unit of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2877-2882. [PMID: 30789160 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00057g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of repeating unit of trisaccharide, complete stereoselectivity of glycosylation and flexible synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing He
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- Kunming 650201
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- Kunming 650201
| | - Xiaomei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- Kunming 650201
| | - Chengji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- Kunming 650201
| | - Jin-Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- Kunming 650201
| | - Hong-Bo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- Kunming 650201
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22
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Microbial production and metabolic engineering of chondroitin and chondroitin sulfate. Emerg Top Life Sci 2018; 2:349-361. [PMID: 33525790 DOI: 10.1042/etls20180006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several commercial uses and potential novel applications have recently been described for chondroitin sulfate (CS). However, the currently applied animal extractive procedure has a high environmental impact, which may become more profound especially in relation to the forecasted expansion of the CS market for applications as a food supplement, pharmaceutical ingredient, and biopolymer in materials for regenerative medicine. This issue, together with religious and consumer concerns, has prompted the good manufacturing practice (GMP) of chondroitin and CS. This is achievable by combining the design of metabolically engineered microorganisms and tailor-made fermentation processes with semi-synthetic or enzyme-based approaches. The final target is to obtain molecules with specific sulfation patterns that resemble those occurring in natural products and improve the sulfation motif or introduce specific substitutions, such as fucosylation, to tune the biological function. The frontier that is currently triggering attention is related to evaluating the bioactivity of unsulfated chondroitin. Due to recent advancements in the field, a brief survey of the most recent patent and research literature is discussed here.
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23
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Demeter F, Gyöngyösi T, Bereczky Z, Kövér KE, Herczeg M, Borbás A. Replacement of the L-iduronic acid unit of the anticoagulant pentasaccharide idraparinux by a 6-deoxy-L-talopyranose - Synthesis and conformational analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13736. [PMID: 30213971 PMCID: PMC6137110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One critical part of the synthesis of heparinoid anticoagulants is the creation of the L-iduronic acid building block featured with unique conformational plasticity which is crucial for the anticoagulant activity. Herein, we studied whether a much more easily synthesizable sugar, the 6-deoxy-L-talose, built in a heparinoid oligosaccharide, could show a similar conformational plasticity, thereby can be a potential substituent of the L-idose. Three pentasaccharides related to the synthetic anticoagulant pentasaccharide idraparinux were prepared, in which the L-iduronate was replaced by a 6-deoxy-L-talopyranoside unit. The talo-configured building block was formed by C4 epimerisation of the commercially available L-rhamnose with high efficacy at both the monosaccharide and the disaccharide level. The detailed conformational analysis of these new derivatives, differing only in their methylation pattern, was performed and the conformationally relevant NMR parameters, such as proton-proton coupling constants and interproton distances were compared to the corresponding ones measured in idraparinux. The lack of anticoagulant activity of these novel heparin analogues could be explained by the biologically not favorable 1C4 chair conformation of their 6-deoxy-L-talopyranoside residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fruzsina Demeter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Tamás Gyöngyösi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, Debrecen, 4002, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bereczky
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei krt., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Katalin E Kövér
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, Debrecen, 4002, Hungary.
| | - Mihály Herczeg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
| | - Anikó Borbás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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24
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Synthesis and anticoagulation studies of “short-armed” fucosylated chondroitin sulfate glycoclusters. Carbohydr Res 2018; 467:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Zhang X, Liu H, Lin L, Yao W, Zhao J, Wu M, Li Z. Synthesis of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Nonasaccharide as a Novel Anticoagulant Targeting Intrinsic Factor Xase Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Huiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Lisha Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China; Kunming Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming 650201 China
| | - Wang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China; Kunming Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming 650201 China
| | - Mingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China; Kunming Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming 650201 China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
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26
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Zhang X, Liu H, Lin L, Yao W, Zhao J, Wu M, Li Z. Synthesis of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Nonasaccharide as a Novel Anticoagulant Targeting Intrinsic Factor Xase Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12880-12885. [PMID: 30067300 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Huiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Lisha Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China; Kunming Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming 650201 China
| | - Wang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China; Kunming Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming 650201 China
| | - Mingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China; Kunming Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming 650201 China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
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27
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Glycans and glycosaminoglycans in neurobiology: key regulators of neuronal cell function and fate. Biochem J 2018; 475:2511-2545. [PMID: 30115748 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the roles of l-fucose and the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) keratan sulfate (KS) and chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) with selected functional molecules in neural tissues. Cell surface glycans and GAGs have evolved over millions of years to become cellular mediators which regulate fundamental aspects of cellular survival. The glycocalyx, which surrounds all cells, actuates responses to growth factors, cytokines and morphogens at the cellular boundary, silencing or activating downstream signaling pathways and gene expression. In this review, we have focused on interactions mediated by l-fucose, KS and CS/DS in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Fucose makes critical contributions in the area of molecular recognition and information transfer in the blood group substances, cytotoxic immunoglobulins, cell fate-mediated Notch-1 interactions, regulation of selectin-mediated neutrophil extravasation in innate immunity and CD-34-mediated new blood vessel development, and the targeting of neuroprogenitor cells to damaged neural tissue. Fucosylated glycoproteins regulate delivery of synaptic neurotransmitters and neural function. Neural KS proteoglycans (PGs) were examined in terms of cellular regulation and their interactive properties with neuroregulatory molecules. The paradoxical properties of CS/DS isomers decorating matrix and transmembrane PGs and the positive and negative regulatory cues they provide to neurons are also discussed.
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28
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Vasconcelos AA, Pomin VH. Marine Carbohydrate-Based Compounds with Medicinal Properties. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E233. [PMID: 29987239 PMCID: PMC6070937 DOI: 10.3390/md16070233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oceans harbor a great diversity of organisms, and have been recognized as an important source of new compounds with nutritional and therapeutic potential. Among these compounds, carbohydrate-based compounds are of particular interest because they exhibit numerous biological functions associated with their chemical diversity. This gives rise to new substances for the development of bioactive products. Many are the known applications of substances with glycosidic domains obtained from marine species. This review covers the structural properties and the current findings on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antitumor and antimicrobial activities of medium and high molecular-weight carbohydrates or glycosylated compounds extracted from various marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana A Vasconcelos
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, and University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
| | - Vitor H Pomin
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, and University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677-1848, USA.
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