1
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Wang M, Xian Y, Lu Z, Wu P, Zhang G. Engineering polysaccharide hydrolases in the product-releasing cleft to alter their product profiles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128416. [PMID: 38029919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide hydrolases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing polysaccharides to generate oligosaccharides that have diverse applications in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. However, the detailed mechanisms governing the compositions of their hydrolysates remain poorly understood. Previously, we identified a novel neopullulase Amy117, which exclusively converts pullulan to panose by specifically cleaving α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Yet, several enzymes with high homology to Amy117 produce a mixture of glucose, maltose and panose during pullulan hydrolysis. To explore this particular phenomenon, we compared the sequences and structures between Amy117 and the maltose amylase ThMA, and identified a specific residue Thr299 in Amy117 (equivalent to His294 in ThMA) within the product-releasing cleft of Amy117, which might be responsible for this characteristic feature. Using structure-based rational design, we have successfully converted the product profiles of pullulan hydrolysates between Amy117 and ThMA by simply altering this key residue. Molecular docking analysis indicated that the key residue at the product-releasing outlet altered the product profile by affecting the panose release rate. Moreover, we modeled the long-chain pullulan substrate G8 to examine its potential conformations and found that G8 might undergo a conformational change in the narrow cleft that allows the Amy117 variant to specifically recognize α-1,6-glycosidic bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixing Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yufan Xian
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenghui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Pan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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2
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Huang Z, Ni D, Chen Z, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Mu W. Application of molecular dynamics simulation in the field of food enzymes: improving the thermal-stability and catalytic ability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37485919 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2238054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes can produce high-quality food with low pollution, high function, high acceptability, and medical aid. However, most enzymes, in their native form, do not meet the industrial requirements. Sequence-based and structure-based methods are the two main strategies used for enzyme modification. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation is a sufficiently comprehensive technology, from a molecular perspective, which has been widely used for structure information analysis and enzyme modification. In this review, we summarize the progress and development of MD simulation, particularly for software, force fields, and a standard procedure. Subsequently, we review the application of MD simulation in various food enzymes for thermostability and catalytic improvement was reviewed in depth. Finally, the limitations and prospects of MD simulation in food enzyme modification research are discussed. This review highlights the significance of MD simulation and its prospects in food enzyme modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Jiang H, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Feng H, Jiang H, Pu F, Yu R, Zhong Z, Wang C, Fung YME, Blasco P, Li Y, Jiang T, Li X. Triazine-pyridine chemistry for protein labelling on tyrosine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7066-7069. [PMID: 35648412 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01528e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we discover the new reactivity of the 1,3,5-triazine moiety reacting with a phenol group and report the development of biocompatible and catalyst-free triazine-pyridine chemistry (TPC) for tyrosine labelling under physiological conditions and profiling in the whole proteome. TPC exhibited high tyrosine chemoselectivity in biological systems after cysteine blocking, displayed potential in tyrosine-guided protein labelling, and had bio-compatibility in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Huxin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Fan Pu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Rilei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Zheng Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Chaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Yi Man Eva Fung
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Pilar Blasco
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yongxin Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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4
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Chen S, Tong Q, Guo X, Cong H, Zhao Z, Liang W, Li J, Zhu P, Yang H. Complete secretion of recombinant Bacillus subtilis levansucrase in Pichia pastoris for production of high molecular weight levan. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:203-211. [PMID: 35714864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Three signal peptides from α-mating factor (α-MF), inulinase (INU) and native levansucrase (LS) were compared for secretion efficiency of Bacillus subtilis levansucrase SacB-T305A in Pichia pastoris GS115. The first complete secretion of bacterial levansucrase in yeasts under methanol induction was achieved while using α-MF signal. The secreted recombinant Lev(α-MF) proved to be glycosylated by combination of NanoLC-MS/MS and Endo H digestion. Interestingly, glycosylation not only improved significantly the polymerase thermostability, but also reversed the products profiles to favor synthesis of high molecular weight (HMW) levan which accounted for approximately 73 % to total levan-type polysaccharides. It indicated for the first time that the glycosylation of recombinant B. subtilis levansucrase affected significantly the products molecular weight distribution. It also provided a promising enzymatic way to effectively product HMW levan from sucrose resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuochang Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qiuping Tong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Hao Cong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Zi Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Wenfeng Liang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Jiemin Li
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 174 East Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
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5
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Depienne S, Alvarez-Dorta D, Croyal M, Temgoua RCT, Charlier C, Deniaud D, Mével M, Boujtita M, Gouin SG. Luminol anchors improve the electrochemical-tyrosine-click labelling of proteins. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15374-15381. [PMID: 34976358 PMCID: PMC8635215 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04809k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New methods for chemo-selective modifications of peptides and native proteins are important in chemical biology and for the development of therapeutic conjugates. Less abundant and uncharged amino-acid residues are interesting targets to form less heterogeneous conjugates and preserve biological functions. Phenylurazole (PhUr), N-methylphenylurazole (NMePhUr) and N-methylluminol (NMeLum) derivatives were described as tyrosine (Y) anchors after chemical or enzymatic oxidations. Recently, we developed the first electrochemical Y-bioconjugation method coined eY-click to activate PhUr in biocompatible media. In this work, we assessed the limitations, benefits and relative efficiencies of eY-click conjugations performed with a set of PhUr, NMePhUr and NMeLum derivatives. Results evidenced a high efficiency of NMeLum that showed a complete Y-chemoselectivity on polypeptides and biologically relevant proteins after soft electrochemical activation. Side reactions on nucleophilic or heteroaromatic amino-acids such as lysine or tryptophan were never observed during mass spectrometry analysis. Myoglobine, bovine serum albumin, a plant mannosidase, glucose oxidase and the therapeutically relevant antibody trastuzumab were efficiently labelled with a fluorescent probe in a two-step approach combining eY-click and strain-promoted azide–alkyne cyclization (SPAAC). The proteins conserved their structural integrity as observed by circular dichroism and the trastuzumab conjugate showed a similar binding affinity for the natural HER2 ligand as shown by bio-layer interferometry. Compared to our previously described protocol with PhUr, eY-click with NMeLum species showed faster reaction kinetics, higher (complete) Y-chemoselectivity and reactivity, and offers the interesting possibility of the double tagging of solvent-exposed Y. We assessed the relative efficiencies of tyrosine anchors in the electrochemical conjugation of peptides and proteins. Luminol derivatives showed faster reaction kinetics, complete tyrosine-chemoselectivity, and possible double modification.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mikael Croyal
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, L'institut du Thorax F-44000 Nantes France.,Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556 F-44000 Nantes France.,CRNH-Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility F-44000 Nantes France
| | | | - Cathy Charlier
- IMPACT Platform, Interactions Moléculaires Puces ACTivités, UMR CNRS 6286 UFIP, Université de Nantes F-44000 Nantes France
| | - David Deniaud
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230 F-44000 Nantes France
| | - Mathieu Mével
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230 F-44000 Nantes France .,INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes 44200 Nantes France
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6
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Pagar AD, Patil MD, Flood DT, Yoo TH, Dawson PE, Yun H. Recent Advances in Biocatalysis with Chemical Modification and Expanded Amino Acid Alphabet. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6173-6245. [PMID: 33886302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The two main strategies for enzyme engineering, directed evolution and rational design, have found widespread applications in improving the intrinsic activities of proteins. Although numerous advances have been achieved using these ground-breaking methods, the limited chemical diversity of the biopolymers, restricted to the 20 canonical amino acids, hampers creation of novel enzymes that Nature has never made thus far. To address this, much research has been devoted to expanding the protein sequence space via chemical modifications and/or incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs). This review provides a balanced discussion and critical evaluation of the applications, recent advances, and technical breakthroughs in biocatalysis for three approaches: (i) chemical modification of cAAs, (ii) incorporation of ncAAs, and (iii) chemical modification of incorporated ncAAs. Furthermore, the applications of these approaches and the result on the functional properties and mechanistic study of the enzymes are extensively reviewed. We also discuss the design of artificial enzymes and directed evolution strategies for enzymes with ncAAs incorporated. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives for biocatalysis using the expanded amino acid alphabet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol D Pagar
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Mahesh D Patil
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dillon T Flood
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tae Hyeon Yoo
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Philip E Dawson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
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7
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Wang J, Wang D, Zhang Y, Dong J. Synthesis and Biopharmaceutical Applications of Sugar-Based Polymers: New Advances and Future Prospects. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:963-982. [PMID: 33523642 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The rapid rise in research interest in carbohydrate-based polymers is undoubtedly due to the nontoxic nature of such materials in an in vivo environment and the versatile roles that the polymers can play in cellular functions. Such polymers have served as therapeutic tools for drug delivery, including antigens, proteins, and genes, as well as diagnostic devices. Our focus in the first half of this Review is on synthetic methods based on ring-opening polymerization and enzyme-catalyzed polymerization, along with controlled radical polymerization. In the second half of this Review, sugar-based polymers are discussed on the basis of their remarkable success in competitive receptor binding, as multifunctional nanocarriers of targeting inhibitors for cancer treatment, in genome-editing delivery, in immunotherapy based on endogenous antibody recruitment, and in treatment of respiratory diseases, including influenza A. Particular emphasis is put on the synthesis and biopharmaceutical applications of sugar-based polymers published in the most recent 5 years. A noticeable attribute of carbohydrate-based polymers is that the sugar-receptor interactions can be facilitated by the cooperative effect of multiple sugar units. Their diversified topology and structures will drive the development of new synthetic strategies and bring about important applications, including coronavirus-related drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Yixian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Jian Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
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8
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Chowdhury A, Chatterjee S, Pongen A, Sarania D, Tripathi NM, Bandyopadhyay A. nSite-Selective, Chemical Modification of Protein at Aromatic Side Chain and Their Emergent Applications. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:788-808. [PMID: 33511938 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210129152535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective chemical modification of protein side chain has probed enormous opportunities in the fundamental understanding of cellular biology and therapeutic applications. Primarily, in the field of biopharmaceutical where formulation of bioconjugates is found to be potential medicine than an individual constituent. In this regard, Lysine and Cysteine are the most widely used endogenous amino acid for these purposes. Recently, the aromatic side chain residues (Trp, Tyr, and His) that are low abundant in protein have gained more attention in therapeutic applications due to their advantages of chemical reactivity and specificity. This review discusses the site-selective bioconjugation methods for aromatic side chains (Trp, Tyr and His) and highlights the developed strategies in the last three years, along with their applications. Also, the review highlights the prevalent methods published earlier. We have examined that metal-catalyzed and photocatalytic reactions are gaining more attention for bioconjugation, though their practical operation is under development. The review has been summarized with the future perspective of protein and peptide conjugations contemplating therapeutic applications and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chowdhury
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Birla Farms, Punjab-781039. India
| | - Saurav Chatterjee
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Birla Farms, Punjab-781039. India
| | - Akumlong Pongen
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Birla Farms, Punjab-781039. India
| | - Dhanjit Sarania
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Birla Farms, Punjab-781039. India
| | - Nitesh Mani Tripathi
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Birla Farms, Punjab-781039. India
| | - Anupam Bandyopadhyay
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Birla Farms, Punjab-781039. India
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9
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Implications of the mutation S164A on Bacillus subtilis levansucrase product specificity and insights into protein interactions acting upon levan synthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:898-908. [PMID: 32553967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mutation S164A largely affects the transfructosylation properties of Bacillus subtilis levansucrase (SacB). The variant uses acceptors such as glucose and short levans with an average molecular weight of 7.6 kDa more efficiently than SacB, leading to the enhanced synthesis of medium and high molecular weight polymer and a blasto-oligosaccharide series with a polymerization degree of 2-10. A 3-fold increase in blasto-oligosaccharides yield is provoked by the modified interplay between the variant and glucose. Despite its modified product specificity, protein-carbohydrate and protein-protein interactions are still a major factor affecting size and distribution of levan molecular weight. This study highlights the importance of critical factors such as protein concentration in the analysis of wild-type and mutagenized levansucrases. Docking experiments with the crystal structures of SacB and variant S164A - the latter obtained at a 2.6 Å resolution - identified unreported potential binding subsites for fructosyl moieties on the surface of both enzymes.
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10
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Hu QL, Hou KQ, Li J, Ge Y, Song ZD, Chan ASC, Xiong XF. Silanol: a bifunctional group for peptide synthesis and late-stage functionalization. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6070-6074. [PMID: 34094099 PMCID: PMC8159358 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical modification of a specific amino acid residue on peptides represents an efficient strategy to improve their pharmacokinetics and facilitates the potential to achieve post-synthetic diversification of peptides. Herein, we reported the first Pd-catalyzed late-stage ortho-olefination of Tyr residues on peptides with high chemo- and site-selectivity, by employing the easily attached and removable silanol as a bifunctional protecting group and directing group. Up to hexapeptides with variation on amino acid sequences or locations of the Tyr residue and different olefins were compatible with this protocol, which enriched the chemical toolbox for late-stage modification via C(sp2)-H functionalization. Furthermore, the orthogonal protection strategies of Tyr were also developed and could be applied to SPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Long Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Ke-Qiang Hou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Yang Ge
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Dong Song
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Albert S C Chan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
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11
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A close look at the structural features and reaction conditions that modulate the synthesis of low and high molecular weight fructans by levansucrases. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 219:130-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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