1
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Suzuki S, Tanaka R, Shu R, Naota T. Stimuli-Induced Controls of Magnetic and Photophysical Properties Using Liquescent Open-Shell Ionic Molecular Systems. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400132. [PMID: 38548656 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the remarkable properties of liquescent open-shell ionic molecular systems, emphasizing the magnetic and photophysical characteristics arising from their associated structures in the condensed state under various conditions. Well-investigated open-shell molecules, namely, phenothiazine, dihydrophenazine, and tetrathiafulvalene radical cations, and bis(malononitriledithiolato)nickel(III) anionic complexes were examined, and the concept of liquescent open-shell ionic molecular systems was devised. Transformations in their associated structures are induced by external stimuli, resulting in significant variations in their physical properties. These experimental findings open new avenues for exploring and applying stimuli-responsive molecule-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ritsuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ruifeng Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
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2
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Tran P, Wang Y, Dzikovski B, Lahm ME, Xie Y, Wei P, Klepov VV, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. A Stable Aluminum Tris(dithiolene) Triradical. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16340-16347. [PMID: 38820231 PMCID: PMC11177253 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
A stable aluminum tris(dithiolene) triradical (3) was experimentally realized through a low-temperature reaction of the sterically demanding lithium dithiolene radical (2) with aluminum iodide. Compound 3 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-vis and EPR spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry, and theoretical computations. The quartet ground state of triradical 3 has been unambiguously confirmed by variable-temperature continuous wave EPR experiments and SQUID magnetometry. Both SQUID magnetometry and broken-symmetry DFT computations reveal a small doublet-quartet energy gap [ΔEDQ = 0.18 kcal mol-1 (SQUID); ΔEDQ = 0.14 kcal mol-1 (DFT)]. The pulsed EPR experiment (electron spin echo envelop modulation) provides further evidence for the interaction of these dithiolene-based radicals with the central aluminum nucleus of 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong
M. Tran
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Boris Dzikovski
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ACERT, National Biomedical
Center for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Mitchell E. Lahm
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Vladislav V. Klepov
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Gregory H. Robinson
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
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3
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Guo H, Lovell JB, Shu C, Pink M, Morton M, Rajca S, Rajca A. Chiral π-Conjugated Double Helical Aminyl Diradical with the Triplet Ground State. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9422-9433. [PMID: 38501228 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
We report a neutral high-spin diradical of chiral C2-symmetric bis[5]diazahelicene with ΔEST ≈ 0.4 kcal mol-1, as determined by EPR spectroscopy/SQUID magnetometry. The diradical is the most persistent among all high-spin aminyl radicals reported to date by a factor of 20, with a half-life of up to 6 days in 2-MeTHF at room temperature. Its triplet ground state and excellent persistence may be associated with the unique spin density distribution within the dihydrophenazine moiety, which characterizes two effective 3-electron C-N bonds analogous to the N-O bond of a nitroxide radical. The enantiomerically enriched (ee ≥ 94%) (MM)- and (PP)-enantiomers of the precursors to the diradicals are obtained by either preparative chiral supercritical fluid chromatography or resolution via functionalization with the chiral auxiliary of the C2-symmetric racemic tetraamine. The barrier for the racemization of the solid tetraamine is ΔG‡ = 43 ± 0.01 kcal mol-1 in the 483-523 K range. The experimentally estimated lower limit of the barrier for the racemization of a diradical, ΔG‡ ≥ 26 kcal mol-1 in 2-MeTHF at 293 K, is comparable to the DFT-determined barrier of ΔG‡ = 31 kcal mol-1 in the gas phase at 298 K. While the enantiomerically pure tetraamine displays strong chiroptical properties, with anisotropy factor |g| = |Δε|/ε = 0.036 at 376 nm, |g| ≈ 0.005 at 548 nm of the high-spin diradical is comparable to that recently reported triplet ground-state diradical dication. Notably, the radical anion intermediate in the generation of diradical exhibits a large SOMO-HOMO inversion, SHI = 35 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxin Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Joshua B Lovell
- Teledyne ISCO, 4700 Superior Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68504-1328, United States
| | - Chan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Maren Pink
- IUMSC, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Martha Morton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Suchada Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
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4
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Sun Q, Chen H, Zhao Y, Wang T, Pei R, Zhao Y, Ye S, Wang X. A Discrete, Boron-Containing Triangular Triradical. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302582. [PMID: 37842967 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
A neutral boron-containing triangular triradical based on a triptycene derivative has been designed and synthesized. Its structure, bonding and physical property have been studied by EPR spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction, as well as theoretical calculations. The triradical has a series of isosceles triangle conformations in the solution due to the Jahn-Teller distortion, leading to the splitting of the two low-lying doublet states. This factor together with negligible spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of composing light atoms quenches the spin frustration. The work represents a rare example of a neutral through-space triangular triradical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanchun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haowen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Runbo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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5
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Suzuki S, Shu R, Shiomi D, Naota T. Temperature-Dependent Modulation of Short-Wave-Infrared Light Transparency Based on Associated Structures of a Liquescent Nickel(III) Complex. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305668. [PMID: 37670219 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
A liquescent bis(malononitriledithiolato)nickel(III) complex with a bis(methoxyethyl)imidazolium cation, 1[Ni(mnt)2 ], exhibits three-stage thermochromic modulation of transparency/absorption in the short-wave-infrared (SWIR) region (1000-2500 nm), driven by associated structural changes. Upon heating, the electronic spectra of 1[Ni(mnt)2 ] in the SWIR region shift to shorter wavelengths accompanying with the solid-liquid phase transition at 76 °C. Further heating to over 109 °C induces a second transition of the electronic spectra, characterized by a blue-shift of the SWIR absorption in the liquid phase. The results of temperature-dependent electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility indicated that the thermochromic changes can be attributed to the two-step dissociation of the associated structures of [Ni(mnt)2 ]- , occurring during the solid-liquid phase transition and the shift of dimer-monomer equilibrium in the liquid state. These changes can be visualized using an SWIR imaging camera under appropriate SWIR lights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ruifeng Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
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6
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Shu C, Yang Z, Rajca A. From Stable Radicals to Thermally Robust High-Spin Diradicals and Triradicals. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11954-12003. [PMID: 37831948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Stable radicals and thermally robust high-spin di- and triradicals have emerged as important organic materials due to their promising applications in diverse fields. New fundamental properties, such as SOMO/HOMO inversion of orbital energies, are explored for the design of new stable radicals, including highly luminescent ones with good photostability. A relation with the singlet-triplet energy gap in the corresponding diradicals is proposed. Thermally robust high-spin di- and triradicals, with energy gaps that are comparable to or greater than a thermal energy at room temperature, are more challenging to synthesize but more rewarding. We summarize a number of high-spin di- and triradicals, based on nitronyl nitroxides that provide a relation between the experimental pairwise exchange coupling constant J/k in the high-spin species vs experimental hyperfine coupling constants in the corresponding monoradicals. This relation allows us to identify outliers, which may correspond to radicals where J/k is not measured with sufficient accuracy. Double helical high-spin diradicals, in which spin density is delocalized over the chiral π-system, have been barely explored, with the sole example of such high-spin diradical possessing alternant π-system with Kekulé resonance form. Finally, we discuss a high-spin diradical with electrical conductivity and derivatives of triangulene diradicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Zhimin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
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7
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Suzuki S, Sakai T, Takagi S, Naota T. On-Demand Control of Short-Wave Infrared Light Transparency Based on Stimuli-Responsive Association of Tetrathiafulvalene Radical Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308570. [PMID: 37436067 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The light-transmissive properties of a solid-state tetrathiafulvalene radical cation-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, 1-C5 ⋅+ ⋅ NTf2 - , underwent instantaneous changes in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region (1000-2500 nm) upon exposure to solvent vapor or the application of mechanostress at room temperature. The initial solid state of 1-C5 ⋅+ ⋅ NTf2 - exhibited strong absorption in the near-infrared (NIR; 700-1000 nm) and SWIR regions, whereas the absorption in the SWIR region was significantly diminished in the stimulated state induced by dichloromethane vapor. Upon cessation of vapor stimulation, the solid state spontaneously and promptly reverted to its original state, characterized by absorption bands in the NIR/SWIR region. Moreover, the SWIR absorption was absent upon the application of mechanical stress using a steel spatula. The reversal was fast and occurred within 10 s. These changes were visualized using a SWIR imaging camera under 1450-nm light irradiation. Experimental investigations demonstrated that the transparency to the SWIR light in the solid states was modulated through significant structural transformations of the associated radical cations, with transitions between columnar and isolated π-dimer structures under ambient and stimulated conditions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Sota Takagi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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8
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Suzuki S, Kozaki M, Naota T. Intriguing Properties and Functionalities of Extremely Stable Radical Cation Species. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University
| | | | - Takeshi Naota
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University
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9
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Kumagai T, Suzuki S, Kanzaki Y, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Tanaka R, Okada K, Kozaki M. Heteroatom-Incorporated Trimethylenemethane: Synthesis and Properties of Triphenylphenylnitroxide–(Nitronyl Nitroxide) Dyad. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Kumagai
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanzaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Rika Tanaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Keiji Okada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kozaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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10
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Tang S, Ruan H, Hu Z, Zhao Y, Song Y, Wang X. A cationic sulfur-hydrocarbon triradical with an excited quartet state. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1986-1989. [PMID: 35045147 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06904g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The triptycene-bridged tris(thianthrene) compound 1 was designed and synthesized. Three-electron oxidation of 1 by NO[Al(OC(CF3)3)4], followed by crystallization at two different temperatures resulted in the triradical trication salts 2a and 2b respectively, which feature different crystal packing patterns. The triradical trications in 2a and 2b both feature a doublet ground state which can be thermally populated to a quartet state, representing the first examples of cationic main-group triradicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Huapeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhaobo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - You Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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11
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Tanimoto R, Wada T, Okada K, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Suzuki S, Naota T, Kozaki M. A Molecule Having 13 Unpaired Electrons: Magnetic Property of a Gadolinium(III) Complex Coordinated with Six Nitronyl Nitroxide Radicals. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3018-3023. [PMID: 35129334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A gadolinium(III) complex coordinated with six nitronyl nitroxide radicals showed intriguing temperature-dependent changes in magnetic susceptibilities. The gadolinium(III) ion in the complex is pseudo-eight-coordinated by three singlet-ground-state diradical anion species based on nitronyl nitroxide radicals. The magnetic susceptibility (χpT) of the gadolinium(III) complex at 298 K, whose value corresponded to that of a system with 13 unpaired electrons (seven-spin system), decreased upon a lowering of the temperature to 11 K but increased upon a further lowering of the temperature. Finally, the χpT value at 2 K was found to be higher than that at room temperature. The temperature-dependent magnetic behavior could be explained by a structural change in the diradical anion ligand due to its flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Tanimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Wada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Keiji Okada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kozaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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12
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Tretyakov EV, Ovcharenko VI, Terent'ev AO, Krylov IB, Magdesieva TV, Mazhukin DG, Gritsan NP. Conjugated nitroxide radicals. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Kira S, Miyamae T, Yoshida K, Kanzaki Y, Sugisaki K, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Suzuki S, Kozaki M, Okada K. Aurophilic Interactions in Multi-Radical Species: Electronic-Spin and Redox Properties of Bis- and Tris-[(Nitronyl Nitroxide)-Gold(I)] Complexes with Phosphine-Ligand Scaffolds. Chemistry 2021; 27:11450-11457. [PMID: 34038598 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Multinuclear AuI complexes with two or three nitronyl nitroxide-2-ide radical anion and phosphine-ligand scaffolds, (NN-Au)2 -1 o, (NN-Au)2 -1 m, and (NN-Au)2 -1 p, have been synthesized to investigate the influence of AuI -AuI (aurophilic) interactions on the properties of multispin molecular systems. The desired complexes were successfully prepared in moderate yields in a one-pot synthesis from the corresponding phosphine ligand, AuI source, parent NN, and sodium hydroxide. Among the prepared complexes, (NN-Au)2 -1 o, in which an aurophilic interaction was clearly observed by crystal structure analysis, showed characteristic spin-spin interactions, electrochemical properties, and solvatochromic behavior. The results from theoretical calculations also suggested that the differences in properties between complex (NN-Au)2 -1 o and the other complexes are due to intramolecular aurophilic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Kira
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyamae
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kohei Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanzaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugisaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kozaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.,Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA), Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Keiji Okada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.,Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA), Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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14
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Suzuki S, Yamaguchi D, Uchida Y, Naota T. Hysteretic Control of Near‐infrared Transparency Using a Liquescent Radical Cation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8284-8288. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Daiki Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Uchida
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
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15
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Suzuki S, Yamaguchi D, Uchida Y, Naota T. Hysteretic Control of Near‐infrared Transparency Using a Liquescent Radical Cation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Daiki Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Uchida
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
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16
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Rausch R, Krause AM, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Würthner F. Nitronyl Nitroxide Bifunctionalized Electron-Poor Chromophores: Synthesis of Stable Dye Biradicals by Lewis Acid Promoted Desilylation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2447-2457. [PMID: 33434018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Open shell organic molecules bearing π-cores are of great interest for optical, electronic, and magnetic applications but frequently suffer fast decomposition or lack synthetic accessibility. In this regard, nitronyl nitroxides are promising candidates for stable (bi-)radicals due to their high degree of spin delocalization along the O-N-C-N-O pentad unit. Unfortunately, they are limited to electron-rich systems so far. To overcome this limitation, we developed a synthetic procedure for the twofold spin decoration of electron-poor chromophores (Ered = -1158 mV) with nitronyl nitroxide radical moieties via selective deprotection/oxidation of the respective silylated precursors with boron fluoride and subsequent quenching with tetraethyl orthosilicate. Nitronyl nitroxide biradicals PBI-NN, IIn-NN, PhDPP-NN, ThDPP-NN, and FuDPP-NN bridged by perylene bisimide (PBI), isoindigo (IIn), and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) pigment colorants were finally obtained as bench stable compounds after periodate oxidation with yields of 60-81%. The absorption spectral signatures of the chromophores remain preserved in the open shell state and match the ones of the pristine parent compounds, which allowed an a priori prediction of their optical properties. Consequently, we achieved twofold spin labeling while keeping the intrinsic properties of the electron deficient chromophores intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodger Rausch
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ana-Maria Krause
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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17
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Yokoyama N, Tanaka N, Fujimoto N, Tanaka R, Suzuki S, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Kozaki M, Okada K. Syntheses and Properties of (Nitronyl nitroxide)‐substituted Tri‐phenylamine
ortho
‐Bridged by Two Oxygen and Sulfur Atoms. Chem Asian J 2020; 16:72-79. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yokoyama
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Natsumi Fujimoto
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Rika Tanaka
- X-ray Crystal Analysis Laboratory Graduate School of Engineering Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kozaki
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Keiji Okada
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
- Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA) Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
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18
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Tanimoto R, Suzuki S, Kozaki M, Kanzaki Y, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Tanaka R, Okada K. Magnetic Properties of Metal Clusters Coordinated with (Nitronyl Nitroxide)‐Substituted Amidinate Ligands. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Tanimoto
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kozaki
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
- Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA) Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Yuki Kanzaki
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Rika Tanaka
- X-ray Crystal Analysis Laboratory Graduate School of Engineering Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Keiji Okada
- Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
- Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA) Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
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