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Martin Del Campo M, Gómez-Secundino O, Camacho-Ruíz RM, Mateos Díaz JC, Müller-Santos M, Rodríguez JA. Effects of kosmotropic, chaotropic, and neutral salts on Candida antarctica B lipase: An analysis of the secondary structure and its hydrolytic activity on triglycerides. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159380. [PMID: 37591327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different concentrations of Hofmeister salts on the hydrolytic activity on triglycerides and the secondary structure of lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) were investigated. Structural changes after short- and long-time incubation at high salt concentrations were determined using circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, and RMSD-RMSF simulations. At 5.2 M NaCl, the hydrolytic activity of CALB on tributyrin (TC4) and trioctanoin (TC8) was enhanced by 1.5 (from 817 ± 3.9 to 1228 ± 4.3 U/mg)- and 8.7 (from 25 ± 0.3 to 218 ± 2.3 U/mg)-folds compared with 0.15 M NaCl, respectively at pH 7.0 and 40 °C. An activity activation was seen with other salts tested; however, long-time incubation (24 h) did not result in retention of the activation effect for any of the salts tested. Secondary structure CD and fluorescence spectra showed that long-time incubation with NaCl, KCl, and CsCl provokes a compact structure without loss of native conformation, whereas chaotropic LiCl and CaCl2 induced an increase in the α-helical content, and kosmotropic Na2SO4 provoked a molten globule state with rich β-sheet content. The RMSD-RMSF simulation agreed with the CD analysis, highlighting a principal salt-induced effect at the α-helix 5 region, promoting two different conformational states (open and closed) depending on the type and concentration of salt. Lastly, an increase in the interfacial tension occurred when high salt concentrations were added to the reaction media, affecting the catalytic properties. The results indicate that high-salt environments, such as 2-5.2 M NaCl, can be used to increase the lipolytic activity of CALB on TC4 and TC8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Martin Del Campo
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C, Camino el arenero 1227, El Bajío del arenal, 45019 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico; Fundamentos del Conocimiento, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, 46200 Colotlán, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Osvaldo Gómez-Secundino
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C, Camino el arenero 1227, El Bajío del arenal, 45019 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Rosa M Camacho-Ruíz
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C, Camino el arenero 1227, El Bajío del arenal, 45019 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Juan C Mateos Díaz
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C, Camino el arenero 1227, El Bajío del arenal, 45019 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Marcelo Müller-Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biología Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Jorge A Rodríguez
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C, Camino el arenero 1227, El Bajío del arenal, 45019 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
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El Alaoui M, Soulère L, Noiriel A, Queneau Y, Abousalham A. α-Eleostearic acid-containing triglycerides for a continuous assay to determine lipase sn -1 and sn -3 regio-preference. Chem Phys Lipids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Recombinant Lipase from Gibberella zeae Exhibits Broad Substrate Specificity: A Comparative Study on Emulsified and Monomolecular Substrate. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071535. [PMID: 28718792 PMCID: PMC5536023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the classical emulsified system and the monomolecular film technique, the substrate specificity of recombinant Gibberella zeae lipase (rGZEL) that originates from Gibberella zeae was characterized in detail. Under the emulsified reaction system, both phospholipase and glycolipid hydrolytic activities were observed, except for the predominant lipase activity. The optimum conditions for different activity exhibition were also determined. Compared with its lipase activity, a little higher ratio of glycolipid hydrolytic activity (0.06) than phospholipase activity (0.02) was found. rGZEL preferred medium chain-length triglycerides, while lower activity was found for the longer-chain triglyceride. Using the monomolecular film technique, we found that the preference order of rGZEL to different phospholipids was 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (PS) > 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-(1-glycerol) sodium salt (PG) > 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) > l-α-phosphatidylinositol (PI) > cardiolipin (CL) > 3-sn-phosphatidic acid sodium salt (PA) > l-α-phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), while no hydrolytic activity was detected for sphingomyelin (SM). Moreover, rGZEL showed higher galactolipase activity on 1,2-distearoyimonoglactosylglyceride (MGDG). A kinetic study on the stereo- and regioselectivity of rGZEL was also performed by using three pairs of pseudodiglyceride enantiomers (DDGs). rGZEL presented higher preference for distal DDG enantiomers than adjacent ester groups, however, no hydrolytic activity to the sn-2 position of diglyceride analogs was found. Furthermore, rGZEL preferred the R configuration of DDG enantiomers. Molecular docking results were in concordance with in vitro tests.
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Sams L, Paume J, Giallo J, Carrière F. Relevant pH and lipase for in vitro models of gastric digestion. Food Funct 2016; 7:30-45. [PMID: 26527368 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00930h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of in vitro digestion models relies on the availability of in vivo data such as digestive enzyme levels and pH values recorded in the course of meal digestion. The variations of these parameters along the GI tract are important for designing dynamic digestion models but also static models for which the choice of representative conditions of the gastric and intestinal conditions is critical. Simulating gastric digestion with a static model and a single set of parameters is particularly challenging because the variations in pH and enzyme concentration occurring in the stomach are much broader than those occurring in the small intestine. A review of the literature on this topic reveals that most models of gastric digestion use very low pH values that are not representative of the fed conditions. This is illustrated here by showing the variations in gastric pH as a function of meal gastric emptying instead of time. This representation highlights those pH values that are the most relevant for testing meal digestion in the stomach. Gastric lipolysis is still largely ignored or is performed with microbial lipases. In vivo data on gastric lipase and lipolysis have however been collected in humans and dogs during test meals. The biochemical characterization of gastric lipase has shown that this enzyme is rather unique among lipases: (i) stability and activity in the pH range 2 to 7 with an optimum at pH 4-5.4; (ii) high tensioactivity that allows resistance to bile salts and penetration into phospholipid layers covering TAG droplets; (iii) sn-3 stereospecificity for TAG hydrolysis; and (iv) resistance to pepsin. Most of these properties have been known for more than two decades and should provide a rational basis for the replacement of gastric lipase by other lipases when gastric lipase is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sams
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse UMR7282, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France. and GERME S.A., Technopôle Marseille Provence Château-Gombert, ZAC la Baronne, 12 Rue Marc Donadille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Julie Paume
- GERME S.A., Technopôle Marseille Provence Château-Gombert, ZAC la Baronne, 12 Rue Marc Donadille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Jacqueline Giallo
- GERME S.A., Technopôle Marseille Provence Château-Gombert, ZAC la Baronne, 12 Rue Marc Donadille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Carrière
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse UMR7282, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
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Chapuy-Regaud S, Subra C, Requena M, de Medina P, Amara S, Delton-Vandenbroucke I, Payre B, Cazabat M, Carriere F, Izopet J, Poirot M, Record M. Progesterone and a phospholipase inhibitor increase the endosomal bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate content and block HIV viral particle intercellular transmission. Biochimie 2013; 95:1677-88. [PMID: 23774297 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone, the cationic amphiphile U18666A and a phospholipase inhibitor (Methyl Arachidonyl Fluoro Phosphonate, MAFP) inhibited by 70%-90% HIV production in viral reservoir cells, i.e. human THP-1 monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). These compounds triggered an inhibition of fluid phase endocytosis (macropinocytosis) and modified cellular lipid homeostasis since endosomes accumulated filipin-stained sterols and Bis(Monoacylglycero)Phosphate (BMP). BMP was quantified using a new cytometry procedure and was increased by 1.25 times with MAFP, 1.7 times with U18666A and 2.5 times with progesterone. MAFP but not progesterone or U18666A inhibited the hydrolysis of BMP by the Pancreatic Lipase Related Protein 2 (PLRP2) as shown by in-vitro experiments. The possible role of sterol transporters in steroid-mediated BMP increase is discussed. Electron microscopy showed the accumulation of viral particles either into large intracellular viral-containing compartments or outside the cells, indicating that endosomal accumulation of BMP could block intracellular biogenesis of viral particles while inhibition of macropinocytosis would prevent viral particle uptake. This is the first report linking BMP metabolism with a natural steroid such as progesterone or with involvement of a phospholipase A1 activity. BMP cellular content could be used as a biomarker for efficient anti-viral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Chapuy-Regaud
- INSERM, U1043, Equipe Infection virales: persistance, réponse de l'hôte et physiopathologie, Toulouse F-31300, France
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Jallouli R, Fendri A, Mechichi T, Gargouri YT, Bezzine S. Kinetic Properties of a NovelFusariumsolani(phospho)lipase: A Monolayer Study. Chirality 2012; 25:35-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raida Jallouli
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS; Université de Sfax; Route de Soukra; 3038; Sfax; Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS; Université de Sfax; Route de Soukra; 3038; Sfax; Tunisia
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS; Université de Sfax; Route de Soukra; 3038; Sfax; Tunisia
| | - Youssef Talèl Gargouri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS; Université de Sfax; Route de Soukra; 3038; Sfax; Tunisia
| | - Sofiane Bezzine
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS; Université de Sfax; Route de Soukra; 3038; Sfax; Tunisia
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Horchani H, Bouaziz A, Gargouri Y, Sayari A. Immobilized Staphylococcus xylosus lipase-catalysed synthesis of ricinoleic acid esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Mendoza LD, Rodriguez JA, Leclaire J, Buono G, Fotiadu F, Carrière F, Abousalham A. An ultraviolet spectrophotometric assay for the screening of sn-2-specific lipases using 1,3-O-dioleoyl-2-O-α-eleostearoyl-sn-glycerol as substrate. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:185-94. [PMID: 22114038 PMCID: PMC3243475 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d019489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we propose a continuous assay for the screening of sn-2 lipases by using triacylglycerols (TAGs) from Aleurites fordii seed (tung oil) and a synthetic TAG containing the α-eleostearic acid at the sn-2 position and the oleic acid (OA) at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions [1,3-O-dioleoyl-2-O-α-eleostearoyl-sn-glycerol (sn-OEO)]. Each TAG was coated into a microplate well, and the lipase activity was measured by optical density increase at 272 nm due to transition of α-eleostearic acid from the adsorbed to the soluble state. The sn-1,3-regioselective lipases human pancreatic lipase (HPL), LIP2 lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica (YLLIP2), and a known sn-2 lipase, Candida antarctica lipase A (CALA) were used to validate this method. TLC analysis of lipolysis products showed that the lipases tested were able to hydrolyze the sn-OEO and the tung oil TAGs, but only CALA hydrolyzed the sn-2 position. The ratio of initial velocities on sn-OEO and tung oil TAGs was used to estimate the sn-2 preference of lipases. CALA was the enzyme with the highest ratio (0.22 ± 0.015), whereas HPL and YLLIP2 showed much lower ratios (0.072 ± 0.026 and 0.038 ± 0.016, respectively). This continuous sn-2 lipase assay is compatible with a high sample throughput and thus can be applied to the screening of sn-2 lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia D. Mendoza
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Jorge A. Rodriguez
- CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse, UPR 9025, 31, Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France; and
| | - Julien Leclaire
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Gerard Buono
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Frédéric Fotiadu
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Frédéric Carrière
- CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse, UPR 9025, 31, Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France; and
| | - Abdelkarim Abousalham
- Organization and Dynamics of Biological Membranes, UMR 5246 ICBMS, CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bâtiment Raulin, 43, boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
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Calvez P, Demers E, Boisselier E, Salesse C. Analysis of the contribution of saturated and polyunsaturated phospholipid monolayers to the binding of proteins. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:1373-9. [PMID: 21210634 DOI: 10.1021/la104097n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The binding of peripheral proteins to membranes results in different biological effects. The large diversity of membrane lipids is thought to modulate the activity of these proteins. However, information on the selective binding of peripheral proteins to membrane lipids is still largely lacking. Lipid monolayers at the air/water interface are useful model membrane systems for studying the parameters responsible for peripheral protein membrane binding. We have thus measured the maximum insertion pressure (MIP) of two proteins from the photoreceptors, Retinitis pigmentosa 2 (RP2) and recoverin, to estimate their binding to lipid monolayers. Photoreceptor membranes have the unique characteristic that more than 60% of their fatty acids are polyunsaturated, making them the most unsaturated natural membranes known to date. These membranes are also thought to contain significant amounts of saturated phospholipids. MIPs of RP2 and recoverin have thus been measured in the presence of saturated and polyunsaturated phospholipids. MIPs higher than the estimated lateral pressure of biomembranes have been obtained only with a saturated phospholipid for RP2 and with a polyunsaturated phospholipid for recoverin. A new approach was then devised to analyze these data properly. In particular, a parameter called the synergy factor allowed us to highlight the specificity of RP2 for saturated phospholipids and recoverin for polyunsaturated phospholipids as well as to demonstrate clearly the preference of RP2 for saturated phospholipids that are known to be located in microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Calvez
- LOEX/CUO-Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, Département d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Horchani H, Ben Salem N, Chaari A, Sayari A, Gargouri Y, Verger R. Staphylococcal lipases stereoselectively hydrolyse the sn-2 position of monomolecular films of diglyceride analogs. Application to sn-2 hydrolysis of triolein. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 347:301-8. [PMID: 20403605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using the monomolecular film technique, a kinetic study on the stereoselectivity of nine staphylococcal lipase forms was carried out with three pairs of enantiomers from diglyceride analogs (didecanoyl-deoxyamino-O-methyl glycerol, DDG) containing a single hydrolysable decanoyl ester group and two lipase-resistant groups. Our results show that the kinetic profiles of the wild type, the recombinant untagged and the recombinant tagged forms of staphylococcal lipases are significantly different. As with most of the lipases investigated so far, these staphylococcal lipases showed higher catalytic rates with primary esters than with secondary esters. However, it is noteworthy that all these staphylococcal lipases were found to significantly hydrolyse the secondary ester group of diglyceride analogs, with a strong preference for the R configuration. This stereopreference, which was predicted on the basis of Kazlauskas' rule, was comparable to that of Candida rugosa and Pseudomonas glumae lipases. As was to be expected, all the staphylococcal lipases tested efficiently hydrolysed triolein at the sn-2 position. This hydrolytic activity was quantified by performing thin-layer chromatography to analyse the hydrolytic products of triolein. From the qualitative point of view, the sn-2 preferences observed with triolein and diglyceride analogs bearing a secondary ester function were in good agreement. Diglyceride analogs might therefore provide useful initial screening tools for use in future searches for strictly sn-2 specific lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Horchani
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS, BPW 3038/1173 Sfax, Tunisia.
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11
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Rodriguez JA, Mendoza LD, Pezzotti F, Vanthuyne N, Leclaire J, Verger R, Buono G, Carriere F, Fotiadu F. Novel chromatographic resolution of chiral diacylglycerols and analysis of the stereoselective hydrolysis of triacylglycerols by lipases. Anal Biochem 2007; 375:196-208. [PMID: 18162167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2007.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Revised: 11/20/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we propose a general and accessible method for the resolution of enantiomeric 1,2-sn- and 2,3-sn-diacylglycerols based on derivatization by isocyanates, which can be easily used routinely by biochemists to evaluate the stereopreferences of lipases in a time course of triacylglycerol (TAG) hydrolysis. Diacylglycerol (DAG) enantiomers were transformed into carbamates using achiral and commercially available reagents. Excellent separation and resolution factors were obtained for diacylglycerols present in lipolysis reaction mixtures. This analytical method was then applied to investigate the stereoselectivity of three model lipases (porcine pancreatic lipase, PPL; lipase from Rhizomucor miehei, MML; and recombinant dog gastric lipase, rDGL) in the time course of hydrolysis of prochiral triolein as a substrate. From the measurements of the diglyceride enantiomeric excess it was confirmed that PPL was not stereospecific (position sn-1 vs sn-3 of triolein), whereas MML and rDGL preferentially hydrolyzed the ester bond at position sn-1 and sn-3, respectively. The enantiomeric excess of DAGs was not constant with time, decreasing with the course of hydrolysis. This was due to the fact that DAGs can be products of the stereospecific hydrolysis of TAGs and substrates for stereospecific hydrolysis into monoacylglycerols.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Enzymology at Interfaces and Physiology of Lipolysis, CNRS-UPR 9025-IBSM, 13009 Marseille, France
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12
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Aloulou A, Puccinelli D, De Caro A, Leblond Y, Carrière F. A comparative study on two fungal lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus and Yarrowia lipolytica shows the combined effects of detergents and pH on lipase adsorption and activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2007; 1771:1446-56. [PMID: 18022403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2007.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of various detergents and pH on the interfacial binding and activity of two fungal lipases from Yarrowia lipolytica (YLLIP2) and Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) were investigated using trioctanoin emulsions as well as monomolecular films spread at the air-water interface. Contrary to TLL, YLLIP2 was found to be more sensitive than TLL to interfacial denaturation but it was protected by detergent monomers and lowering the temperature. At pH 7.0, both the interfacial binding and the activities on trioctanoin of YLLIP2 and TLL were inhibited by sodium taurodeoxycholate (NaTDC). At pH 6.0, however, YLLIP2 remained active on trioctanoin in the presence of NaTDC, whereas TLL did not. YLLIP2 activity on trioctanoin was associated with strong interfacial binding of the enzyme to trioctanoin emulsion, whereas TLL was mostly detected in the water phase. The combined effects of bile salts and pH on lipase activity were therefore enzyme-dependent. YLLIP2 binds more strongly than TLL at oil-water interfaces at low pH when detergents are present. These findings are particularly important for lipase applications, in particular for enzyme replacement therapy in patients with pancreatic enzyme insufficiency since high detergent concentrations and highly variable pH values can be encountered in the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Aloulou
- Laboratory of Enzymology at Interfaces and Physiology of Lipolysis, CNRS-UPR 9025-IBSM, 31 Chemin Joseph-Aiguier, 13009 Marseille, France
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13
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Corvis Y, Korchowiec B, Brezesinski G, Follot S, Rogalska E. Impact of aluminum on the oxidation of lipids and enzymatic lipolysis in monomolecular films at the air/water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:3338-48. [PMID: 17279785 DOI: 10.1021/la0629429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that serious pathologies are associated with aluminum (Al). In the present work, the influence of Al on enzymatic lipolysis was studied with the aim to get more insight into the possible link between the Al-induced membrane modification and the cytotoxicity of the trivalent cation (AlIII). Lipid monolayers were used as model membranes. The monomolecular film technique allowed monitoring the Al-dependent modifications of the lipid monolayer properties and enzyme kinetics. Two enzymes, namely, Candida rugosa lipase and a calcium (CaII)-dependent phospholipase A2 from porcine pancreas, were used to catalyze the lipolysis of triglyceride and phosphoglyceride monolayers, respectively. The results obtained show that Al modifies both the monolayer structure and enzymatic reaction rates. While the enzymes used in this study can be considered as probes detecting lipid membrane properties, it cannot be excluded that in physiological conditions modulation of the enzyme action by the Al-bound membranes is among the reasons for Al toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Corvis
- Groupe d'Etude des Vecteurs Supramoléculaires du Médicament UMR 7565 CNRS/Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lés-Nancy cedex, France
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14
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Prim N, Iversen L, Diaz P, Bjørnholm T. Atomic force microscope studies on the interactions of Candida rugosa lipase and supported lipidic bilayers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2006; 52:138-42. [PMID: 16829060 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Accepted: 05/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique we prepared substrate supported well-defined lipid/phospholipid (1-mono-palmitoyl-rac-glycerol (MPG)/l,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DPPC)) bilayers in which the MPG lipid leaflet was exposed to the aqueous phase. Hydrolysis of MPG performed by Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) on the upper MPG layer of these supported bilayers on mica was imaged by real time atomic force microscope (AFM) using a liquid cell, so that the area increase of the initial structural defects could be followed over time. Our data strongly suggest that the edges of the initial structural defects are the preferred activation sites for CRL once the enzyme is adsorbed onto these interfaces. When a 2.5nM bulk concentration of CRL was assayed on this planar lipid substrate, we found a long lag phase before a sharp increase of catalytic activity. The lag-burst kinetic behaviour was related to the interfacial activation phenomenon although we propose that it is also dependent on the gel-phase state of this interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Prim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; NanoScience Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Lipase from the thermotolerant fungus Rhizopus homothallicus is more thermostable when produced using solid state fermentation than liquid fermentation procedures. Enzyme Microb Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Zouari N, Sayari A, Miled N, Verger R, Gargouri Y. Scorpion digestive lipase: kinetic study using monomolecular film technique. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2006; 49:8-14. [PMID: 16580184 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using the classical emulsified system and the monomolecular film technique, we compared the interfacial properties of the scorpion digestive lipase (SDL) with those of higher animals'. In the absence of bile slats, SDL does not hydrolyse efficiently pure tributyrin, as well as dicaprin films maintained at low surface pressure. The preincubation of bile salts with tributyrin seems to be a better substrate for SDL than the pure tributyrin. A kinetic study on the surface pressure dependency, stereospecificity and regioselectivity of SDL was performed using monomolecular films of either three dicaprin isomers or three pairs of didecanoyl-deoxyamino-O-methyl glycerol enantiomers (DDG) containing a single hydrolysable decanoyl ester bond. With all diacylglycerol isomers, SDL has a surface pressure threshold of about 15 m Nm(-1), below which enzymatic activity is undetectable. SDL seems to prefer vicinal ester groups of the diacylglycerol isomers, with preference for sn-1 position at both 15 and 23 m Nm(-1). Furthermore, the maximum SDL activity is measured with DDG having a primary ester bond (1,3DDG, SII). This shows that SDL has a preference for the sn-1 position of this diacylglycerol analogue. Moreover, this was in line with the fact that SDL is inactive on sn-2 position of both DDG isomers and a triacylglycerol. With diacylglycerol analogue isomers, SDL shows a preference for distal isomers contrary to what has been observed with diacylglycerol isomers. SDL interacts with egg-phosphatidyl choline (egg-PC) monomolecular films. The critical surface pressure value (13 m Nm(-1)) is comparable to those of pancreatic lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nacim Zouari
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Genie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS, BPW 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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Reyes-Duarte D, Polaina J, López-Cortés N, Alcalde M, Plou FJ, Elborough K, Ballesteros A, Timmis KN, Golyshin PN, Ferrer M. Conversion of a Carboxylesterase into a Triacylglycerol Lipase by a Random Mutation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200502461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Reyes-Duarte D, Polaina J, López-Cortés N, Alcalde M, Plou FJ, Elborough K, Ballesteros A, Timmis KN, Golyshin PN, Ferrer M. Conversion of a Carboxylesterase into a Triacylglycerol Lipase by a Random Mutation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:7553-7. [PMID: 16254934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200502461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Piyatheerawong W, Iwasaki Y, Yamane T. Direct separation of regio- and enantiomeric isomers of diacylglycerols by a tandem column high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1068:243-8. [PMID: 15830930 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel HPLC-based method for direct separation of the three isomers of mono-acid diacylglycerols (DAGs), i.e., 1,2-DAG, 2,3-DAG and 1,3-DAG, has been established. The method employs a tandem column system, in which two different columns (a conventional silica gel column and a chiral stationary phase column) are connected in series. Two isomeric mixtures of DAGs (i.e., dicapryloylglycerol and dioleoylglycerol) and lipase-catalyzed reaction mixtures were successfully resolved on the tandem column HPLC system without any derivatization prior to the analysis. According to the established analytical method, stereoselectivity of two lipases toward mono-acid triacylglycerols in ethanolysis reaction was investigated. The tested enzymes were immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) and Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML). Analyses of the enantiomeric purity of 1,2-DAG and 2,3-DAG, generated as intermediates during the reaction, revealed that CALB and RML have sn-3 and sn-1 stereopreference, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weera Piyatheerawong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bio- and Agro-Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Badis M, Tomaszkiewicz I, Joly JP, Rogalska E. Enantiomeric recognition of amino acids by amphiphilic crown ethers in Langmuir monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:6259-6267. [PMID: 15248711 DOI: 10.1021/la049596k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Four new chiral, amphiphilic crown ethers differing by the hydrophobic tailgroups were synthesized, and their capacity to recognize enantiomeric amino acids was examined using Langmuir films. Surface pressure and surface potential measurements performed on the subphases containing L or D enantiomers of alanine, valine, phenylglycine, and tryptophane indicate that the crown ethers forming the monolayer interact with the amino acids. The effects observed are ascribed to the formation of host-guest complexes. The differences in the magnitude of the effects measured show that the crown ethers are capable of discriminating between different amino acids as well as the enantiomers. Our results demonstrate that the structure of the monolayer plays a decisive role in the molecular recognition process including chiral recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounia Badis
- Equipe de Physico-chimie des Colloïdes, UMR 7565 CNRS/Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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