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Mustapha AN, AlMheiri M, AlShehhi N, Rajput N, Matouk Z, Tomić N. The Incorporation of Graphene Nanoplatelets in Tung Oil-Urea Formaldehyde Microcapsules: A Paradigm Shift in Physicochemical Enhancement. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:909. [PMID: 38611167 PMCID: PMC11013791 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tung oil (TO) microcapsules (MCs) with a poly(urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) shell were synthesized via one-step in situ polymerization, with the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) (1-5 wt. %). The synergistic effects of emulsifiers between gelatin (gel) and Tween 80 were observed, with gel chosen to formulate the MCs due to its enhanced droplet stability. SEM images then displayed an increased shell roughness of the TO-GNP MCs in comparison to the pure TO MCs due to the GNP species on the shell. At the same time, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images also confirmed the presence of GNPs on the outer layer of the MCs, with the stacked graphene layers composed of 5-7 layers with an interlayer distance of ~0.37 nm. Cross-sectional TEM imaging of the MCs also confirmed the successful encapsulation of the GNPs in the core of the MCs. Micromanipulation measurements displayed that the 5% GNPs increased the toughness by 71% compared to the pure TO MCs, due to the reduction in the fractional free volume of the core material. When the MCs were dispersed in an epoxy coating and applied on a metallic substrate, excellent healing capacities of up to 93% were observed for the 5% GNP samples, and 87% for the pure TO MC coatings. The coatings also exhibited excellent corrosion resistance for all samples up to 7 days, with the GNP samples offering a more strenuous path for the corrosive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Naseer Mustapha
- Advanced Materials Research Centre (AMRC), Technology Innovation Institute (TII), Masdar City, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 9639, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (N.A.); (N.R.); (Z.M.); (N.T.)
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Chen Z, Man L, Liu J, Lu L, Yang Z, Yang Y. Vegetable Oil-Based Waterborne Polyurethane as Eco-Binders for Sulfur Cathodes in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100342. [PMID: 34347319 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) suffer from well-known fast capacity losses despite their extremely high theoretical capacity and energy density. These losses are caused by dissolution of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) in ether-based electrolytes and have become the main bottleneck to widespread applications of LSBs. Therefore, there is a significant need for electrode materials that have a strong adsorption capacity for LiPS. Herein, a waterborne polyurethane (WPUN) containing sulfamic acid (NH2 SO3 H) polymer is designed and synthesized as an aqueous-based, ecofriendly binder by neutralizing sulfamic acid with a tung oil-based polyurethane prepolymer. UV-vis spectroscopy shows that the WPUN strongly immobilizes LiPS and thus is an effective inhibitor of the LiPS. Moreover, the WPUN binder has excellent adhesive and mechanical properties that improve the integrity of sulfur cathodes. The WPUN-based cathodes exhibit a significant improvement in their specific capacity and maintain a capacity of 617 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at 0.5C. Besides, the LSBs assembled with the WPUN-based cathodes show good rate performance from 0.2C (737 mAh g-1 ) to 4C (586 mAh g-1 ), which is significantly higher than that of LSBs assembled with a commercial polymer binder. The structural design of the presented binder provides a new perspective for obtaining high-performance LSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Limin Man
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Liangmei Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhuohong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Silva JAC, Grilo LM, Gandini A, Lacerda TM. The Prospering of Macromolecular Materials Based on Plant Oils within the Blooming Field of Polymers from Renewable Resources. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1722. [PMID: 34070232 PMCID: PMC8197318 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the recent progress in research and development dealing with polymers derived from plant oils. It highlights the widening interest in novel approaches to the synthesis, characterization, and properties of these materials from renewable resources and emphasizes their growing impact on sustainable macromolecular science and technology. The monomers used include unmodified triglycerides, their fatty acids or the corresponding esters, and chemically modified triglycerides and fatty acid esters. Comonomers include styrene, divinylbenzene, acrylics, furan derivatives, epoxides, etc. The synthetic pathways adopted for the preparation of these materials are very varied, going from traditional free radical and cationic polymerizations to polycondensation reactions, as well as metatheses and Diels-Alder syntheses. In addition to this general appraisal, the specific topic of the use of tung oil as a source of original polymers, copolymers, and (nano)composites is discussed in greater detail in terms of mechanisms, structures, properties, and possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Antonio Conti Silva
- Biotechnology Department, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, CEP 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil; (J.A.C.S.); (L.M.G.)
| | - Luan Moreira Grilo
- Biotechnology Department, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, CEP 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil; (J.A.C.S.); (L.M.G.)
| | - Alessandro Gandini
- Graduate School of Engineering in Paper, Print Media and Biomaterials (Grenoble INP-Pagora), University Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, CEDEX 9, 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères, France;
| | - Talita Martins Lacerda
- Biotechnology Department, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, CEP 12602-810 Lorena, SP, Brazil; (J.A.C.S.); (L.M.G.)
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Lee HS, Lee SM, Park SL, Choi TR, Song HS, Kim HJ, Bhatia SK, Gurav R, Kim YG, Kim JH, Choi KY, Yang YH. Tung Oil-Based Production of High 3-Hydroxyhexanoate-Containing Terpolymer Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate-co-3-Hydroxyhexanoate) Using Engineered Ralstonia eutropha. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1084. [PMID: 33805577 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are attractive new bioplastics for the replacement of plastics derived from fossil fuels. With their biodegradable properties, they have also recently been applied to the medical field. As poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced by wild-type Ralstonia eutropha has limitations with regard to its physical properties, it is advantageous to synthesize co- or terpolymers with medium-chain-length monomers. In this study, tung oil, which has antioxidant activity due to its 80% α-eleostearic acid content, was used as a carbon source and terpolymer P(53 mol% 3-hydroxybytyrate-co-2 mol% 3-hydroxyvalerate-co-45 mol% 3-hydroxyhexanoate) with a high proportion of 3-hydroxyhexanoate was produced in R. eutropha Re2133/pCB81. To avail the benefits of α-eleostearic acid in the tung oil-based medium, we performed partial harvesting of PHA by using a mild water wash to recover PHA and residual tung oil on the PHA film. This resulted in a film coated with residual tung oil, showing antioxidant activity. Here, we report the first application of tung oil as a substrate for PHA production, introducing a high proportion of hydroxyhexanoate monomer into the terpolymer. Additionally, the residual tung oil was used as an antioxidant coating, resulting in the production of bioactive PHA, expanding the applicability to the medical field.
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Breiing V, Hillmer J, Schmidt C, Petry M, Behrends B, Steiner U, Kraska T, Pude R. Fungicidal Efficacy of Drying Plant Oils in Green Beans against Bean Rust ( Uromyces appendiculatus). Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10010143. [PMID: 33445566 PMCID: PMC7827098 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As biorationals, plant oils offer numerous advantages such as being natural products, with low ecotoxicological side effects, and high biodegradability. In particular, drying glyceride plant oils, which are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, might be promising candidates for a more sustainable approach in the discussion about plant protection and the environment. Based on this, we tested the protective and curative efficacy of an oil-in-water-emulsion preparation using drying plant oils (linseed oil, tung oil) and a semi-drying plant oil (rapeseed oil) separately and in different mixtures. Plant oils were tested in greenhouse experiments (in vivo) on green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus). We observed that a 2% oil concentration showed no or very low phytotoxic effects on green beans. Both tested drying oils showed a protective control ranging from 53–100% for linseed oil and 32–100% for tung oil. Longer time intervals of 6 days before inoculation (6dbi) were less effective than shorter intervals of 2dbi. Curative efficacies were lower with a maximum of 51% for both oils when applied 4 days past inoculation (4dpi) with the fungus. Furthermore, the results showed no systemic effects. These results underline the potential of drying plant oils as biorationals in sustainable plant protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Breiing
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, INRES-Renewable Resources, University of Bonn, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (V.B.); (J.H.); (C.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Jennifer Hillmer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, INRES-Renewable Resources, University of Bonn, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (V.B.); (J.H.); (C.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Christina Schmidt
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, INRES-Renewable Resources, University of Bonn, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (V.B.); (J.H.); (C.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Michael Petry
- PETRYmade Oberflächentechnik, 53340 Meckenheim, Germany;
| | | | - Ulrike Steiner
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, INRES-Plant Pathology, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Thorsten Kraska
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, INRES-Renewable Resources, University of Bonn, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (V.B.); (J.H.); (C.S.); (R.P.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Field Lab Campus Klein-Altendorf, University of Bonn, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-2225-99963-63
| | - Ralf Pude
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, INRES-Renewable Resources, University of Bonn, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (V.B.); (J.H.); (C.S.); (R.P.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Field Lab Campus Klein-Altendorf, University of Bonn, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany
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Zhou W, Hao SJ, Feng GD, Jia PY, Ren XL, Zhang M, Zhou YH. Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Modified by Tung Oil-Based Polyol and Flame-Retardant Particles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E119. [PMID: 31948034 PMCID: PMC7023429 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although tung oil is renewable, with an abundant production and low price in China, and it is used to synthesize different polyols for rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF), it remains a challenge to improve the properties of RPUF by redesigning the formula. Therefore, we propose four novel compounds to strengthen the properties of RPUF, such as the catalyst-free synthesis of tung oil-based polyol (PTOK), aluminum phosphate micro-capsule (AM), silica micro-capsule (SiM), and grafted epoxidized monoglyceride of tung oil on the surface of SiO2 (SiE), which were designed and introduced into the RPUF. Because of the PTOK with a catalytic function, the foaming process of some RPUF samples was catalyst-free. The results show that the incorporation of AM, SiM, and SiE, respectively, endow RPUF with a better thermal stability at a high temperature, and the T5%, Tmax1, and Tmax2 of RPUF appeared to be reduced, however, the Tmax3 and residue rate at 800 °C were improved, which may have a positive effect on the extension of the rescue time in case of fire, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value was increased to 22.6%. The formula, containing 25% PTOK made the RPUF environment-friendly. The results were obtained by comparing the pore size and mechanical properties of the RPUF-the AM had a better dispersion in the foam, and the foam obtained a better mechanical, thermal, and flame retardancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China; (W.Z.); (Y.-H.Z.)
| | - Shu-Jie Hao
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China; (W.Z.); (Y.-H.Z.)
| | - Guo-Dong Feng
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Pu-You Jia
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Materials, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiao-Li Ren
- Key Lab of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China; (W.Z.); (Y.-H.Z.)
| | - Yong-Hong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China; (W.Z.); (Y.-H.Z.)
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Liu C, Wu Q, An R, Shang Q, Feng G, Hu Y, Jia P, Zhou Y, Lei W. Synthesis and Properties of Tung Oil-Based Unsaturated Co-Ester Resins Bearing Steric Hindrance. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050826. [PMID: 31067834 PMCID: PMC6572467 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
New tung oil (TO)-based, unsaturated, co-ester (Co-UE) macromonomers bearing steric hindrance were synthesized by modifying a TO-based maleate (TOPERMA) monomer with an anhydride structure with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and methallyl alcohol (MAA), respectively. The obtained Co-UE monomers (TOPERMA-HEMA and TOPERMA-MAA) were then characterized by 1 H NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). For comparison, hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA)-modified TOPERMA (TOPERMA-HEA) was also synthesized and characterized. Subsequently, the obtained Co-UEs were thermally cured with styrene, and the ultimate properties of the resulting materials were studied. It was found that by introducing the structure of steric hindrance into the TO-based Co-UE monomer, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the resulting materials were improved. Furthermore, by reducing the length of the flexible chain in the Co-UE monomer, the tensile strength, Young's modulus, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resultant materials were also improved. The TOPERMA-MAA resin gave the best performance in these TO-based Co-UE resins, which showed a tensile strength of 32.2 MPa, Young's modulus of 2.38 GPa, and Tg of 130.3 °C. The developed ecofriendly materials show promise in structural plastic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguo Liu
- National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Qiong Wu
- National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China.
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Rongrong An
- College of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qianqian Shang
- National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Guodong Feng
- National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Yun Hu
- National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Puyou Jia
- National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Wen Lei
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Tang T, Chen X, Zhang B, Liu X, Fei B. Research on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of Moso Bamboo with Thermal Treatment in Tung Oil and Its Influencing Factors. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E599. [PMID: 30781544 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of tung oil heat treatment on the physico-mechanical properties of moso bamboo were investigated. Here, heat treatment in tung oil at 100–200 °C was used to modify natural bamboo materials. The changes in the nanostructures of cell walls in bamboo caused by oil heat treatment, like density, chemical compositions, and cellulose crystalline, were evaluated to study their correlation with mechanical properties. Results showed that the mechanical performance of bamboo, such as ultimate stress, modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR), didn’t reduce after heat treatment below 200 °C, compared with the untreated bamboo, which was mainly due to the tung oil uptake, stable cellulose content, and the increment of cellulose crystalline. No remarkable change in the ultimate strain occurred for bamboo materials thermally treated below 140 °C, but it decreased obviously at the heating temperature over 180 °C, mainly due to the degradation of hemicellulose resulting in a decrease in the viscoelasticity of cell wall.
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Zhou W, Bo C, Jia P, Zhou Y, Zhang M. Effects of Tung Oil-Based Polyols on the Thermal Stability, Flame Retardancy, and Mechanical Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foam. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 11:E45. [PMID: 30960030 PMCID: PMC6401924 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A phosphorus-containing tung oil-based polyol (PTOP) and a silicon-containing tung oil-based polyol (PTOSi) were each efficiently prepared by attaching 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene (DOPO) and dihydroxydiphenylsilane (DPSD) directly, respectively, to the epoxidized monoglyceride of tung oil (EGTO) through a ring-opening reaction. The two new polyols were used in the formation of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF), which displayed great thermal stability and excellent flame retardancy performance. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of RPUF containing 80 wt % PTOP and 80 wt % PTOSi was 24.0% and 23.4%, respectively. Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis revealed that DOPO and DPSD are linked to EGTO by a covalent bond. Interestingly, PTOP and PTOSi had opposite effects on Tg and the compressive strength of RPUF, where, with the appropriate loading, the compressive strengths were 0.82 MPa and 0.25 MPa, respectively. At a higher loading of PTOP and PTOSi, the thermal conductivity of RPUF increased while the RPUF density decreased. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs showed that the size and closed areas of the RPUF cells were regular. SEM micrographs of the char after combustion showed that the char layer was compact and dense. The enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF resulted from the barrier effect of the char layer, which was covered with incombustible substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
- Key Lab of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Caiying Bo
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Puyou Jia
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Liu C, Wang C, Tang J, Zhang J, Shang Q, Hu Y, Wang H, Wu Q, Zhou Y, Lei W, Liu Z. High-Performance Biobased Unsaturated Polyester Nanocomposites with Very Low Loadings of Graphene. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1288. [PMID: 30961213 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-reinforced tung oil (TO)-based unsaturated polyester nanocomposites were prepared via in situ melt polycondensation intergrated with Diels–Alder addition. Functionalized graphene sheets derived from graphene oxide (GO) were then extracted from the obtained nanocomposites and carefully characterized. Furthermore, dispersion state of the graphene nanosheets in the cured polymer composites and ultimate properties of the resultant biobased nanocomposites were investigated. Mechanical and thermal properties of the TO-based unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) were greatly improved by the incorporation of GO. For example, at the optimal GO content (only 0.10 wt %), the obtained biobased nanocomposite showed tensile strength and modulus of 43.2 MPa and 2.62 GPa, and Tg of 105.2 °C, which were 159%, 191%, and 49.4% higher than those of the unreinforced UPR/TO resin, respectively. Compared to neat UPR, the biobased UPR nanocomposite with 0.1 wt % of GO even demonstrated superior comprehensive properties (comparable stiffness and Tg, while better toughness and thermal stability). Therefore, the developed biobased UPR nanocomposites are very promising to be applied in structural plastics.
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Bonafé EG, de Figueiredo LC, Martins AF, Monteiro JP, Junior OO, Canesin EA, Maruyama SA, Visentainer JV. Incorporation of conjugated fatty acids into Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97:3469-3475. [PMID: 27873315 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to improve the nutritional quality of Nile tilapia meat through enriched diets with conjugated isomers of linolenic acid from tung oil. The transfer process of conjugated fatty acids (CFAs) into fish muscle tissue was evaluated by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI-MS). RESULTS The results showed that conjugated fatty acids were transferred from enriched diet for muscle tissue of Nile tilapia. Conjugated linoleic acids biosynthesis from conjugated linolenic acids was also observed after 10 days. Other important fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic (DHA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and arachidonic (AA) acids were also identified over time; however, DHA showed the highest concentration when compared with EPA and AA compounds. CONCLUSION Therefore, the nutritional quality of Nile tilapia was improved through feeding with enriched diets. The ingestion of these fish may contribute to reaching adequate levels of daily CFA consumption. Furthermore, other important substances which play an important role in human metabolism, such as EPA, DHA and AA, can also be ingested together with CFA. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton G Bonafé
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Marcílio Dias, n° 635, Jd. Paraíso, Apucarana, Paraná CEP, Brazil
| | - Luana C de Figueiredo
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Marcílio Dias, n° 635, Jd. Paraíso, Apucarana, Paraná CEP, Brazil
| | - Alessandro F Martins
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Marcílio Dias, n° 635, Jd. Paraíso, Apucarana, Paraná CEP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR-AP), CEP, Apucarana-PR, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR-LD), CEP, Londrina-PR, Brazil
| | - Johny P Monteiro
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Marcílio Dias, n° 635, Jd. Paraíso, Apucarana, Paraná CEP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR-LD), CEP, Londrina-PR, Brazil
| | - Oscar Os Junior
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, Paraná CEP, Brazil
| | - Edmilson A Canesin
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Marcílio Dias, n° 635, Jd. Paraíso, Apucarana, Paraná CEP, Brazil
| | - Swami Arêa Maruyama
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, S/N, Jd. Das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná CEP, Brazil
| | - Jesuí V Visentainer
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5.790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, Paraná CEP, Brazil
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Yoo Y, Youngblood JP. Tung Oil Wood Finishes with Improved Weathering, Durability, and Scratch Performance by Addition of Cellulose Nanocrystals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:24936-24946. [PMID: 28654229 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to verify whether cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs)-reinforced tung oil (TO) composites are effective for wood finishes and offer enhanced mechanical and weathering performance owing to the high strength, stiffness, and barrier properties of CNCs. To achieve even dispersion of CNC particles in a polymeric coating film, surface hydrophobization of the CNCs was carried out by grafting poly(lactic acid) oligomers and oleic acid. These new TO coating formulations contain 0 (controlled sample) to 10 wt % of hydrophobized cellulose nanocrystals (hCNCs). The coating performance (degree of wrinkle, leveling, and instantaneous filling) of the hCNC-TO finishes as well as their coating properties (topography, optical properties, mechanical properties, and gas permeability) were investigated in this study. The influence of the hCNC content in the tung oil composite coatings was examined using scratch/impact resistance tests and oxygen transmission rate (OTR) measurements. An increase in the hCNC content led to an increase in scratch/impact resistance as well as a slight decrease in the color-b change, gloss, surface roughness, and OTR value of their film coatings. The hCNC-TO composites for wood coatings presented here showed enhanced performance for utilization in wood-working processes in terms of desired mechanical properties (scratch and impact resistance), weathering performance (color stability), and easy production without any deterioration in surface gloss and roughness after the addition of hCNC to a TO matrix. The hCNC enhanced coating system is a promising candidate for substantial protection of wood surfaces in demanding settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngman Yoo
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Youngblood
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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El Alaoui M, Soulère L, Noiriel A, Popowycz F, Khatib A, Queneau Y, Abousalham A. A continuous spectrophotometric assay that distinguishes between phospholipase A1 and A2 activities. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1589-97. [PMID: 27194811 PMCID: PMC4959851 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d065961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A new spectrophotometric assay was developed to measure, continuously and specifically, phospholipase A1 (PLA1) or phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities using synthetic glycerophosphatidylcholines (PCs) containing α-eleostearic acid, either at the sn-1 position [1-α-eleostearoyl-2-octadecyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (EOPC)] or at the sn-2 position [1-octadecyl-2-α-eleostearoyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (OEPC)]. The substrates were coated onto the wells of microtiter plates. A nonhydrolyzable ether bond, with a non-UV-absorbing alkyl chain, was introduced at the other sn position to prevent acyl chain migration during lipolysis. Upon enzyme action, α-eleostearic acid is liberated and then solubilized into the micellar phase. The PLA1 or PLA2 activity was measured by the increase in absorbance at 272 nm due to the transition of α-eleostearic acid from the adsorbed to the soluble state. EOPC and OEPC differentiate, with excellent accuracy, between PLA1 and PLA2 activity. Lecitase(®), guinea pig pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (known to be a PLA1 enzyme), bee venom PLA2, and porcine pancreatic PLA2 were all used to validate the assay. Compared with current assays used for continuously measuring PLA1 or PLA2 activities and/or their inhibitors, the development of this sensitive enzymatic method, using coated PC substrate analogs to natural lipids and based on the UV spectroscopic properties of α-eleostearic acid, is a significant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meddy El Alaoui
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Métabolismes, Enzymes et Mécanismes Moléculaires (MEM), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique (COB), F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Soulère
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique (COB), F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexandre Noiriel
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Métabolismes, Enzymes et Mécanismes Moléculaires (MEM), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florence Popowycz
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique (COB), F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Abdallah Khatib
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Métabolismes, Enzymes et Mécanismes Moléculaires (MEM), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yves Queneau
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique (COB), F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Abdelkarim Abousalham
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Métabolismes, Enzymes et Mécanismes Moléculaires (MEM), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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Yu XW, Sha C, Guo YL, Xiao R, Xu Y. High-level expression and characterization of a chimeric lipase from Rhizopus oryzae for biodiesel production. Biotechnol Biofuels 2013; 6:29. [PMID: 23432946 PMCID: PMC3674748 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Production of biodiesel from non-edible oils is receiving increasing attention. Tung oil, called "China wood oil" is one kind of promising non-edible biodiesel oil in China. To our knowledge, tung oil has not been used to produce biodiesel by enzymatic method. The enzymatic production of biodiesel has been investigated extensively by using Rhizopus oryzae lipase as catalyst. However, the high cost of R. oryzae lipase remains a barrier for its industrial applications. Through different heterologous expression strategies and fermentation techniques, the highest expression level of the lipase from R. oryzae reached 1334 U/mL in Pichia pastoris, which is still not optimistic for industry applications. RESULTS The prosequence of lipases from Rhizopus sp. is very important for the folding and secretion of an active lipase. A chimeric lipase from R. oryzae was constructed by replacing the prosequence with that from the R. chinensis lipase and expressed in P. pastoris. The maximum activity of the chimera reached 4050 U/mL, which was 11 fold higher than that of the parent. The properties of the chimera were studied. The immobilized chimera was used successfully for biodiesel production from tung oil, which achieved higher FAME yield compared with the free chimeric lipase, non-chimeric lipase and mature lipase. By response surface methodology, three variables, water content, methanol to tung oil molar ratio and enzyme dosage were proved to be crucial parameters for biosynthesis of FAME and the FAME yield reached 91.9±2.5% at the optimized conditions by adding 5.66 wt.% of the initial water based on oil weight, 3.88 of methanol to tung oil molar ratio and 13.24 wt.% of enzyme concentration based on oil weight at 40°C. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on improving the expression level of the lipase from R. oryzae by replacing prosequences. The immobilized chimera was used successfully for biodiesel production from tung oil. Using tung oil as non-edible raw material and a chimeric lipase from R. oryzae as an economic catalyst make this study a promising one for biodiesel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of
Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology,
Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of
Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology,
Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong-Liang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of
Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology,
Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Department of Molecular
Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of
Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology,
Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
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Mendoza LD, Rodriguez JA, Leclaire J, Buono G, Fotiadu F, Carrière F, Abousalham A. An ultraviolet spectrophotometric assay for the screening of sn-2-specific lipases using 1,3-O-dioleoyl-2-O-α-eleostearoyl-sn-glycerol as substrate. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:185-94. [PMID: 22114038 PMCID: PMC3243475 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d019489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we propose a continuous assay for the screening of sn-2 lipases by using triacylglycerols (TAGs) from Aleurites fordii seed (tung oil) and a synthetic TAG containing the α-eleostearic acid at the sn-2 position and the oleic acid (OA) at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions [1,3-O-dioleoyl-2-O-α-eleostearoyl-sn-glycerol (sn-OEO)]. Each TAG was coated into a microplate well, and the lipase activity was measured by optical density increase at 272 nm due to transition of α-eleostearic acid from the adsorbed to the soluble state. The sn-1,3-regioselective lipases human pancreatic lipase (HPL), LIP2 lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica (YLLIP2), and a known sn-2 lipase, Candida antarctica lipase A (CALA) were used to validate this method. TLC analysis of lipolysis products showed that the lipases tested were able to hydrolyze the sn-OEO and the tung oil TAGs, but only CALA hydrolyzed the sn-2 position. The ratio of initial velocities on sn-OEO and tung oil TAGs was used to estimate the sn-2 preference of lipases. CALA was the enzyme with the highest ratio (0.22 ± 0.015), whereas HPL and YLLIP2 showed much lower ratios (0.072 ± 0.026 and 0.038 ± 0.016, respectively). This continuous sn-2 lipase assay is compatible with a high sample throughput and thus can be applied to the screening of sn-2 lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia D. Mendoza
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Jorge A. Rodriguez
- CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse, UPR 9025, 31, Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France; and
| | - Julien Leclaire
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Gerard Buono
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Frédéric Fotiadu
- Laboratoire Chirosciences, UMR 6263 CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Université Aix-Marseille, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Frédéric Carrière
- CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse, UPR 9025, 31, Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France; and
| | - Abdelkarim Abousalham
- Organization and Dynamics of Biological Membranes, UMR 5246 ICBMS, CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bâtiment Raulin, 43, boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
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