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Abstract
Insect pheromones are some of the most interesting natural products because they are utilized for interspecific communication between various insects, such as beetles, moths, ants, and cockroaches. A large number of compounds of many kinds have been identified as pheromone components, reflecting the diversity of insect species. While this review deals only with chiral methyl-branched pheromones, the chemical structures of more than one hundred non-terpene compounds have been determined by applying excellent analytical techniques. Furthermore, their stereoselective syntheses have been achieved by employing trustworthy chiral sources and ingenious enantioselective reactions. The information has been reviewed here not only to make them available for new research but also to understand the characteristic chemical structures of the chiral pheromones. Since biosynthetic studies are still limited, it might be meaningful to examine whether the structures, particularly the positions and configurations of the branched methyl groups, are correlated with the taxonomy of the pheromone producers and also with the function of the pheromones in communication systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Ando
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
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Agrebi A, Agnaniet H, Bikanga R, Makani T, Anguilé JJ, Lebibi J, Casabianca H, Morère A, Menut C. Essential oil of Plectranthus tenuicaulis for flavour and fragrance: Synthesis of derivatives from natural and synthetic 6,7-epoxyocimenes. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhamid Agrebi
- Equipe «Glyco et nanovecteurs pour le ciblage thérapeutique»; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Bâtiment E, Faculté de Pharmacie; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491; 34093; Montpellier; France
| | - Huguette Agnaniet
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM); Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943; Franceville; Gabon
| | - Raphaël Bikanga
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM); Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943; Franceville; Gabon
| | - Thomas Makani
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM); Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943; Franceville; Gabon
| | - Jean Jacques Anguilé
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM); Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943; Franceville; Gabon
| | - Jacques Lebibi
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM); Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943; Franceville; Gabon
| | - Hervé Casabianca
- Service Central d'Analyse-CNRS-Echangeur de Solaize; Chemin du Canal; 69360; Solaize; France
| | - Alain Morère
- Equipe «Glyco et nanovecteurs pour le ciblage thérapeutique»; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Bâtiment E, Faculté de Pharmacie; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491; 34093; Montpellier; France
| | - Chantal Menut
- Equipe «Glyco et nanovecteurs pour le ciblage thérapeutique»; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Bâtiment E, Faculté de Pharmacie; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491; 34093; Montpellier; France
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Agnaniet H, Agrebi A, Bikanga R, Makani T, Lebibi J, Casabianca H, Morère A, Menut C. Essential Oil of Plectranthus tenuicaulis Leaves from Gabon, Source of ( R),( E)-6,7-Epoxyocimene. An Unusual Chemical Composition within the Genus Plectranthus. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Water distilled essential oils from leaves of Plectranthus tenuicaulis (Hook. f.) J. K. Morton collected in Gabon were analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. The main constituent, unusual within the genus Plectranthus, was isolated and formally identified as being the (+)-( R)-enantiomer of ( E)-6,7-epoxyocimene [( E)-myroxide]. This enantiomer, which represents about 75% of the essential oil, has been previously identified as a pheromone emitted by the male fruit-spotting bug Amblypelta nitida; this insect is responsible of destruction of most fruit crops in tropical and subtropical areas. The potential application of P. tenuicaulis essential oil in crop protection programs is discussed and the atypical chemical profile of the gabonese essential oil is compared with those previously reported in the genus Plectranthus (or Coleus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huguette Agnaniet
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Abdelhamid Agrebi
- Equipe Glycochimie, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM)-UMR 5247, ENSCM, 8, rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Raphaël Bikanga
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Thomas Makani
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Jacques Lebibi
- Laboratoires de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèses Organométalliques (LASNSOM), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku B.P. 943, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Hervé Casabianca
- Service Central d'Analyse-CNRS-Echangeur de Solaize, Chemin du Canal, 69360, Solaize, France
| | - Alain Morère
- Equipe Glycochimie, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM)-UMR 5247, ENSCM, 8, rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Chantal Menut
- Equipe Glycochimie, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM)-UMR 5247, ENSCM, 8, rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Paz-Morales E, Melendres R, Sartillo-Piscil F. A short and practical synthesis of two Hagen's gland lactones. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:1123-6. [PMID: 19362711 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Revised: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A seven-step total synthesis of Hagen's gland lactones 1 and 2 starting from 1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-xylofuranose 3 is reported. The success of this short and practical synthesis depends on the use of two key reactions: a stereoselective nucleophilic substitution at the anomeric position of 5 and 6, which allowed the construction of the gamma-lactone ring, and an alkyl substitution reaction on tosylated compound 4, which permitted the carbon chain elongation of the tetrahydrofuran ring appendage at C-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Paz-Morales
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP. 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, San Manuel, Puebla, Mexico
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Dembitsky VM, Maoka T. Allenic and cumulenic lipids. Prog Lipid Res 2007; 46:328-75. [PMID: 17765976 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 06/13/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, about 200 natural allenic metabolites, more than 2700 synthetic allenic compounds, and about 1300 cumulenic structures are known. The present review describes research on natural as well as some biological active allenic and cumulenic lipids and related compounds isolated from different sources. Intensive searches for new classes of pharmacologically potent agents produced by living organisms have resulted in the discovery of dozens of such compounds possessing high anticancer, cytotoxic, antibacterial, antiviral, and other activities. Known allenic and cumulenic compounds can be subdivided on several structural classes: fatty acids, hydrocarbons, terpenes, steroids, carotenoids, marine bromoallenes, peptides, aromatic, cumulenic, and miscellaneous compounds. This review emphasizes the role of natural and synthetic allenic and cumulenic lipids and other related compounds as an important source of leads for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 12065, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Mori K. Significance of chirality in pheromone science. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:7505-23. [PMID: 17855097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2007] [Revised: 08/08/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pheromones play important roles in chemical communication among organisms. Various chiral and non-racemic pheromones have been identified since the late 1960s. Their enantioselective syntheses could establish the absolute configuration of the naturally occurring pheromones and clarified the relationships between absolute configuration and bioactivity. For example, neither the (R)- nor (S)-enantiomer of sulcatol, the aggregation pheromone of an ambrosia beetle Gnathotrichus sulcatus, is behaviorally active, while their mixture is bioactive. In the case of olean, the olive fruit fly pheromone, its (R)-isomer is active for the males, and the (S)-isomer is active for the females. About 140 chiral pheromones are reviewed with regard to their stereochemistry-bioactivity relationships. Problems encountered in studying chirality of pheromones were examined and analyzed to think about possible future directions in pheromone science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mori
- Photosensitive Materials Research Center, Toyo Gosei Co., Ltd, Wakahagi 4-2-1, Inba-mura, Inba-gun, Chiba 270-609, Japan
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Lusebrink I, Burkhardt D, Gedig T, Dettner K, Mosandl A, Seifert K. Intrageneric differences in the four stereoisomers of stenusine in the rove beetle genus, Stenus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Naturwissenschaften 2006; 94:143-7. [PMID: 17066267 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-006-0172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Revised: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Most species of the rove beetle genus Stenus employ the spreading alkaloid stenusine as an escape mechanism on water surfaces. In the case of danger, they emit stenusine from their pygidial glands, and it propels them over the water very quickly. Stenusine is a chiral molecule with four stereoisomers: (2'R,3R)-, (2'S,3R)-, (2'S,3S)-, and (2'R,3S)-stenusine. The percentile ratio of these four isomers is only known for the most common species of the genus: Stenus comma. With the intention of determining the stereoisomer ratios of five additional species from the two subgenera, Stenus and Hypostenus, we used GC/mass spectrometry measurements with a chiral phase. The results showed that the ratio differs among the genus. These findings can be a basis for chemotaxonomy. It is also possible that the biological function of stenusine, e.g., as antibiotic or fungicide, varies with changing stereoisomer composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inka Lusebrink
- Department of Animal Ecology II, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
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Schwartz BD, McErlean CSP, Fletcher MT, Mazomenos BE, Konstantopoulou MA, Kitching W, De Voss JJ. Spiroacetal Biosynthesis: (±)-1,7-Dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane in Bactrocera cacuminata and Bactrocera oleae (Olive Fruit Fly). Org Lett 2005; 7:1173-6. [PMID: 15760167 DOI: 10.1021/ol050143w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A biosynthetic scheme rationalizing the formation of (+/-)-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (5) in the fruit fly species Bactrocera cacuminata and Bactrocera oleae (olive fruit fly) is presented. Incorporation studies with deuterium-labeled keto aldehyde (10), 1,5-nonanediol (11), and 1,5,9-nonanetriol (12), and our previous finding that both oxygen atoms of 5 originate from dioxygen, are strongly evidentiary. The racemic condition of the natural spiroacetal 5 is accounted for, and inter alia, it is demonstrated that dihydropyran (18) is not an important intermediate en route to 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett D Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 4072, and Institute of Biology, NCSR "D", 15310 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece
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