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Liu P, Yang Y, Zhou Z, Zhang X, Liu X, Li J. Mitochondrial targeted modification and anticancer mechanism of natural product ergosterol peroxide. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107688. [PMID: 39106712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Ergosterol peroxide (EP) isolated from the edible medicinal fungus Pleurotus ferulae has a wide range of anti-tumor activity, but poor water solubility and low bioavailability limit further application. In this study, EP was structurally modified using triphenylphosphine (TPP+), which combines mitochondrial targeting, amphiphilicity, and cytotoxicity. A series of TPP+-conjugated ergosterol peroxide derivatives (TEn) with different length linker arms were synthesized. The structure-activity relationship showed that the anticancer activity of TEn gradually decreased with the elongation of the linker arm. The compound TE3 has the optimal and broadest spectrum of antitumor effects. It mainly through targeting mitochondria, inducing ROS production, disrupting mitochondrial function, and activating mitochondria apoptosis pathway to exert anti-cervical cancer activity. Among them, TPP+ only acted as a mitochondrial targeting group, while EP containing peroxide bridge structure served as an active group to induce ROS. In vivo experiments have shown that TE3 has better anti-cervical cancer activity and safety than the first-line anticancer drug cisplatin, and can activate the immune response in mice. Although TE3 exhibits some acute toxicity, it is not significant at therapeutic doses. Therefore, TE3 has the potential for further development as an anti-cervical cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Yuhao Yang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Ximeng Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xuelian Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Institute of Materia Medica, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Institute of Materia Medica, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
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2
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Koley M, Han J, Soloshonok VA, Mojumder S, Javahershenas R, Makarem A. Latest developments in coumarin-based anticancer agents: mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship studies. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:10-54. [PMID: 38283214 PMCID: PMC10809357 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Many researchers around the world are working on the development of novel anticancer drugs with different mechanisms of action. In this case, coumarin is a highly promising pharmacophore for the development of novel anticancer drugs. Besides, the hybridization of this moiety with other anticancer pharmacophores has emerged as a potent breakthrough in the treatment of cancer to decrease its side effects and increase its efficiency. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of coumarin derivatives and their application as novel anticancer drugs. Herein, we highlight and describe the largest number of research works reported in this field from 2015 to August 2023, along with their mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationship studies, making this review different from the other review articles published on this topic to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manankar Koley
- CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute Kolkata India
| | - Jianlin Han
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China
| | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, University of the Basque Country San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spain
| | | | - Ramin Javahershenas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University Urmia Iran
| | - Ata Makarem
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
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3
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Guo X, Ren W, Lv Z, Li G, Li H, Sun M, Li X, Chen G, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Bu M. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Ergosterol Peroxide Hybrids With Paclitaxel Side Chain Inducing Apoptosis in Human Hepatoma Carcinoma Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x231166778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activities of natural paclitaxel (PTX), semisynthetic docetaxel, and cabazitaxel are highly dependent on their C-13 side chains. Therefore, using natural ergosterol peroxide (EP, 1) as the lead compound, two EP-PTX hybrids (EP-A2 and EP-B2) were prepared and their antitumor activities were evaluated against 4 kinds of human MCF-7, HepG2, HCT-116, and A549 cell lines in vitro. The results showed that both EP-A2 and EP-B2 inhibited the growth of all four kinds of tested tumor cell lines. For paclitaxel-resistant MCF-7 cells, both EP-A2 and EP-B2 showed significant inhibitory activity with relatively low IC50 values (9.39 μM and 8.60 μM, respectively). In addition, EP-B2 inhibited the growth of the HepG2 cells (IC50 = 7.82 μM) more successfully than EP. Preliminary studies of the mechanism suggest that EP-B2 could arrest the G1 phase transition in HepG2 cells. In addition, EP-B2 showed an obvious apoptosis-inducing effect in HepG2 cells, as detected by the Annexin V/PI binding assay and the Western blot assay. Hybrid EP-B2 has the potential to become a novel antitumor drug through further study of the mechanism of action and its structural modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wenkang Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhen Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Gang Li
- Research Institute of Medicine & Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hongling Li
- College of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Mingrui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Research Institute of Medicine & Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Research Institute of Medicine & Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Ming Bu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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4
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Sung DB, Lee JS. Natural-product-based fluorescent probes: recent advances and applications. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:412-432. [PMID: 36970151 PMCID: PMC10034199 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00376g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are attractive tools for biology, drug discovery, disease diagnosis, and environmental analysis. In bioimaging, these easy-to-operate and inexpensive probes can be used to detect biological substances, obtain detailed cell images, track in vivo biochemical reactions, and monitor disease biomarkers without damaging biological samples. Over the last few decades, natural products have attracted extensive research interest owing to their great potential as recognition units for state-of-the-art fluorescent probes. This review describes representative natural-product-based fluorescent probes and recent discoveries, with a particular focus on fluorescent bioimaging and biochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Bi Sung
- Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Busan Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
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5
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Bu M, Zhang Z, Li G, Xie C, Du X, Ma G, Li H. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Ergosterol Peroxide Derivatives with Acrylate or Propionate Side Chain. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221143634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel ergosterol peroxide derivatives with acrylate or propionate side chain were synthesized. All compounds 3a-n were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against four kinds of human carcinoma cell lines (HepG2, MCF-7, HCT-116, and A549). Most of the derivatives displayed stronger cytotoxicity than ergosterol peroxide parent. Among them, compound 3h with the highest potency against HepG2 cell line (IC50 = 2.70 μM), which was 7.47-fold more efficacious than ergosterol peroxide. The results suggested that the introduction of acrylate or propionate side chain at C-3 position of ergosterol peroxide is beneficial to enhance its cytotoxic activity. Compound 3h has potential to become a novel anti-tumor agent through further structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Gang Li
- Research Institute of Medicine Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Chunhua Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Guofang Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hongling Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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6
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Pacheco DF, Alonso D, Ceballos LG, Castro AZ, Brown Roldán S, García Díaz M, Villa Testa A, Wagner SF, Piloto-Ferrer J, García YC, Olea AF, Espinoza L. Synthesis of Four Steroidal Carbamates with Antitumor Activity against Mouse Colon Carcinoma CT26WT Cells: In Vitro and In Silico Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158775. [PMID: 35955909 PMCID: PMC9369283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. If detected on time, surgery can expand life expectations of patients up to five more years. However, if metastasis has grown deliberately, the use of chemotherapy can play a crucial role in CRC control. Moreover, the lack of selectivity of current anticancer drugs, plus mutations that occur in cancerous cells, demands the development of new chemotherapeutic agents. Several steroids have shown their potentiality as anticancer agents, while some other compounds, such as Taxol and its derivatives bearing a carbamate functionality, have reached the market. In this article, the synthesis, characterization, and antiproliferative activity of four steroidal carbamates on mouse colon carcinoma CT26WT cells are described. Carbamate synthesis occurred via direct reaction between diosgenin, its B-ring modified derivative, and testosterone with phenyl isocyanate under a Brønsted acid catalysis. All obtained compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy (HRMS); their melting points are also reported. Results obtained from antiproliferative activity assays indicated that carbamates compounds have inhibitory effects on the growth of this colon cancer cell line. A molecular docking study carried out on Human Prostaglandin E Receptor (EP4) showed a high affinity between carbamates and protein, thus providing a valuable theoretical explanation of the in vitro results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daylin Fernández Pacheco
- Center for Natural Product Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata and G, Havana 10400, Cuba
| | - Dayana Alonso
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba
| | - Leonardo González Ceballos
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba
| | - Armando Zaldo Castro
- Center for Natural Product Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata and G, Havana 10400, Cuba
| | | | - Mairelys García Díaz
- Center for Natural Product Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata and G, Havana 10400, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - Yamilet Coll García
- Center for Natural Product Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata and G, Havana 10400, Cuba
- Correspondence: (Y.C.G.); (L.E.); Tel.: +53-52952050 (Y.C.G.); +56-32-2654225 (L.E.)
| | - Andrés F. Olea
- Grupo QBAB, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Llano Subercaseaux 2801, San Miguel, Santiago 7500912, Chile
| | - Luis Espinoza
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Correspondence: (Y.C.G.); (L.E.); Tel.: +53-52952050 (Y.C.G.); +56-32-2654225 (L.E.)
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7
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Al-Ghorbani M, Gouda MA, Baashen M, Alharbi O, Almalki FA, Ranganatha LV. Piperazine Heterocycles as Potential Anticancer Agents: A Review. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Zhabinskii VN, Drasar P, Khripach VA. Structure and Biological Activity of Ergostane-Type Steroids from Fungi. Molecules 2022; 27:2103. [PMID: 35408501 PMCID: PMC9000798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are known not only for their taste but also for beneficial effects on health attributed to plethora of constituents. All mushrooms belong to the kingdom of fungi, which also includes yeasts and molds. Each year, hundreds of new metabolites of the main fungal sterol, ergosterol, are isolated from fungal sources. As a rule, further testing is carried out for their biological effects, and many of the isolated compounds exhibit one or another activity. This study aims to review recent literature (mainly over the past 10 years, selected older works are discussed for consistency purposes) on the structures and bioactivities of fungal metabolites of ergosterol. The review is not exhaustive in its coverage of structures found in fungi. Rather, it focuses solely on discussing compounds that have shown some biological activity with potential pharmacological utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N. Zhabinskii
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Str., 5/2, 220141 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Pavel Drasar
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vladimir A. Khripach
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Str., 5/2, 220141 Minsk, Belarus;
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9
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Chen HY, Lei JY, Li SL, Guo LQ, Lin JF, Wu GH, Lu J, Ye ZW. Progress in biological activities and biosynthesis of edible fungi terpenoids. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7288-7310. [PMID: 35238261 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The edible fungi have both edible and medicinal functions, in which terpenoids are one of the most important active ingredients. Terpenoids possess a wide range of biological activities and show great potential in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. In this review, the diverse biological activities of edible fungi terpenoids were summarized with emphasis on the mechanism of anti-cancer and anti-inflammation. Subsequently, this review focuses on advances in knowledge and understanding of the biosynthesis of terpenoids in edible fungi, especially in the generation of sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and triterpenes. This paper is aim to provide an overview of biological functions and biosynthesis developed for utilizing the terpenoids in edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yu Lei
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Li Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiong Guo
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fang Lin
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hong Wu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Dembitsky VM, Ermolenko E, Savidov N, Gloriozova TA, Poroikov VV. Antiprotozoal and Antitumor Activity of Natural Polycyclic Endoperoxides: Origin, Structures and Biological Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:686. [PMID: 33525706 PMCID: PMC7865715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic endoperoxides are rare natural metabolites found and isolated in plants, fungi, and marine invertebrates. The purpose of this review is a comparative analysis of the pharmacological potential of these natural products. According to PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) estimates, they are more likely to exhibit antiprotozoal and antitumor properties. Some of them are now widely used in clinical medicine. All polycyclic endoperoxides presented in this article demonstrate antiprotozoal activity and can be divided into three groups. The third group includes endoperoxides, which show weak antiprotozoal activity with a reliability of up to 70%, and this group includes only 1.1% of metabolites. The second group includes the largest number of endoperoxides, which are 65% and show average antiprotozoal activity with a confidence level of 70 to 90%. Lastly, the third group includes endoperoxides, which are 33.9% and show strong antiprotozoal activity with a confidence level of 90 to 99.6%. Interestingly, artemisinin and its analogs show strong antiprotozoal activity with 79 to 99.6% confidence against obligate intracellular parasites which belong to the genera Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Leishmania, and Coccidia. In addition to antiprotozoal activities, polycyclic endoperoxides show antitumor activity in the proportion: 4.6% show weak activity with a reliability of up to 70%, 65.6% show an average activity with a reliability of 70 to 90%, and 29.8% show strong activity with a reliability of 90 to 98.3%. It should also be noted that some polycyclic endoperoxides, in addition to antiprotozoal and antitumor properties, show other strong activities with a confidence level of 90 to 97%. These include antifungal activity against the genera Aspergillus, Candida, and Cryptococcus, as well as anti-inflammatory activity. This review provides insights on further utilization of polycyclic endoperoxides by medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M. Dembitsky
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada;
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina Ermolenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Nick Savidov
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada;
| | - Tatyana A. Gloriozova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya Str., 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.G.); (V.V.P.)
| | - Vladimir V. Poroikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya Str., 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.G.); (V.V.P.)
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12
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Recovery of ergosterol and vitamin D2 from mushroom waste - Potential valorization by food and pharmaceutical industries. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Ma L, Wang H, Wang J, Liu L, Zhang S, Bu M. Novel Steroidal 5α,8α-Endoperoxide Derivatives with Semicarbazone/Thiosemicarbazone Side-chain as Apoptotic Inducers through an Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway: Design, Synthesis and Biological Studies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051209. [PMID: 32156024 PMCID: PMC7179397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel steroidal 5α,8α-endoperoxide derivatives bearing semicarbazone (7a–g) or thiosemicarbazone (7h–k) side chain were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicities in four human cancer cell lines (HepG2, HCT-116, MCF-7, and A549) using the MTT assay in vitro. The results showed that compound 7j exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 3.52 μM), being more potent than ergosterol peroxide. Further cellular mechanism studies in HepG2 cells indicated that compound 7j triggered the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), which was associated with up-regulation of Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2, activation levels of the caspase cascade, and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The above findings indicated that compound 7j may be used as a promising skeleton for antitumor agents with improved efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Ma
- Research Institute of Medicine & Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China;
| | - Haijun Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (H.W.); (J.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (H.W.); (J.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (H.W.); (J.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Song Zhang
- Basic Medical Science College, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China;
| | - Ming Bu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (H.W.); (J.W.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0452-266-3881
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14
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Wang HJ, Bu M, Wang J, Liu L, Zhang S. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Steroidal 5α,8α-Endoperoxide Derivatives with Aromatic Hydrazone Side Chain as Potential Anticancer Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019060396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Jeong YU, Park YJ. Ergosterol Peroxide from the Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum Inhibits Differentiation and Lipid Accumulation of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020460. [PMID: 31936890 PMCID: PMC7014426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ergosterol peroxide is a natural compound of the steroid family found in many fungi, and it possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiviral activities. The anti-obesity activity of several edible and medicinal mushrooms has been reported, but the effect of mushroom-derived ergosterol peroxide on obesity has not been studied. Therefore, we analyzed the effect of ergosterol peroxide on the inhibition of triglyceride synthesis at protein and mRNA levels and differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Ergosterol peroxide inhibited lipid droplet synthesis of differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), the major transcription factors of differentiation, and also the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), which promotes the activity of PPARγ, resulting in inhibition of differentiation. It further inhibited the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), fatty acid translocase (FAT), and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), which are lipogenic factors. In addition, it inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) involved in cell proliferation and activation of early differentiation transcription factors in the mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) stage. As a result, ergosterol peroxide significantly inhibited the synthesis of triglycerides and differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, and is, therefore, a possibile prophylactic and therapeutic agent for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Un Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Korea;
| | - Young-Jin Park
- Department of Medicinal Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Korea;
- Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-840-3601
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Li H, Wang H, Wang J, Lin Y, Ma Y, Bu M. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5α, 8α-endoperoxide steroidal derivatives with hybrid side chain as anticancer agents. Steroids 2020; 153:108471. [PMID: 31400390 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel 5α, 8α-endoperoxide steroidal hybrid derivatives containing isatin or indole substituents on the C-17 side chain were synthesized and characterized. The preliminary anti-proliferative activity of the compounds against HepG2, MCF-7, HT-29 and HeLa cell lines were investigated. Compounds 7g and 7l displayed significant anti-proliferative activity in vitro against HepG2 and Hela cells, with IC50 values lower than 8 μM. Furthermore, the biological functions of 7g were examined by flow cytometry and colony analysis. The results showed that 7g could induce HepG2 cell apoptosis, inhibited cell cycle progression, and colony growth. The studies indicated that structural modification at C-17 position could be a promising launch point for design steroidal anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yu Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yukun Ma
- Research Institute of Medicine & Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Ming Bu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
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17
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Synthesis of Ergosterol Peroxide Conjugates as Mitochondria Targeting Probes for Enhanced Anticancer Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183307. [PMID: 31514398 PMCID: PMC6766909 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the significant bioactivity of ergosterol peroxide, we designed and synthesized four fluorescent coumarin and ergosterol peroxide conjugates 8a–d through the combination of ergosterol peroxide with 7-N,N-diethylamino coumarins fluorophore. The cytotoxicity of synthesized conjugates against three human cancer cells (HepG2, SK-Hep1, and MCF-7) was evaluated. The results of fluorescent imaging showed that the synthesized conjugates 8a–d localized and enriched mainly in mitochondria, leading to significantly enhanced cytotoxicity over ergosterol peroxide. Furthermore, the results of biological functions of 8d showed that it could suppress cell colony formation, invasion, and migration; induce G2/M phase arrest of HepG2 cells, and increase the intracellular ROS level.
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18
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Coumarin-containing hybrids and their anticancer activities. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111587. [PMID: 31404864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and it results in around 9 million deaths annually. The anticancer agents play an intriguing role in the treatment of cancers, while the severe anticancer scenario and the emergence of drug-resistant especially multidrug-resistant cancers create a huge demand for novel anticancer drugs with different mechanisms of action. The coumarin scaffold is ubiquitous in nature and is a highly privileged motif for the development of novel drugs due to its biodiversity and versatility. Coumarin derivatives can exert diverse antiproliferative mechanisms, and some of them such as Irosustat are under clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers, revealing their potential as putative anticancer drugs. Hybridization of coumarin moiety with other anticancer pharmacophores is a promising strategy to reduce side effects, overcome the drug resistance, and may provide valuable therapeutic intervention for the treatment of cancers. Thus, coumarin-containing hybrids occupy an important position in the development of novel anticancer agents. This review aims to summarize the recent advances made towards the development of coumarin-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents, covering articles published between 2015 and 2019, and the structure-activity relationship together with mechanisms of action are also discussed.
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19
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Ling T, Lang WH, Martinez-Montemayor MM, Rivas F. Development of ergosterol peroxide probes for cellular localisation studies. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5223-5229. [PMID: 31025693 PMCID: PMC6541511 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00145j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ergosterol peroxide selectively exhibits biological activity against a wide range of diseases; however, its mode of action remains unknown. Here, we present an efficient synthesis of ergosterol peroxide chemical probes for in vitro anticancer evaluation, live cell studies and proteomic profiling. Ergosterol peroxide analogues show promising anti-proliferation activity against triple negative breast cancer cellular models, revealing information on the structure-activity relationship of this natural product in order to develop superior analogues. The combined cellular studies demonstrate that ergosterol peroxide is distributed across the cytosol with significant accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These chemical probes support our efforts towards uncovering the potential target(s) of ergosterol peroxide against triple negative breast cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Ling
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678 USA
| | - Walter H. Lang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678 USA
| | | | - Fatima Rivas
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678 USA
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20
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Bu M, Cao T, Li H, Guo M, Yang BB, Zeng C, Zhou Y, Zhang N, Hu L. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel steroidal 5α,8α-epidioxyandrost-6-ene-3β-ol-17-(O-phenylacetamide)oxime derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3856-3861. [PMID: 28666736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the significant anti-cancer activity of our previously screened natural ergosterol peroxide (EP, 1), we synthesized and characterized a series of novel 5α,8α-epidioxyandrost-3β-ol-17-(O-phenylacetamide)oxime derivatives (9a-o). The anti-proliferative activity of the synthesized compounds against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2, Sk-Hep1) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB231) were investigated. Compounds 9d, 9f, 9h, 9j and 9m displayed good anti-proliferative activity (most IC50<20μM) in vitro. Furthermore, fluorescence imaging showed that the designed coumarin-9d conjugate (12) localized mainly in mitochondria, leading to enhanced anticancer activities over the parent structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto M4N3M5, Canada
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liming Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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