1
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Fan W, Xu Y, He X, Luo P, Zhu J, Li J, Wang R, Yuan Q, Wu K, Hu W, Zhao Y, Xu S, Cheng X, Wang Y, Xu HE, Zhuang Y. Molecular basis for the activation of PAF receptor by PAF. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114422. [PMID: 38943642 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent phospholipid mediator crucial in multiple inflammatory and immune responses through binding and activating the PAF receptor (PAFR). However, drug development targeting the PAFR has been limited, partly due to an incomplete understanding of its activation mechanism. Here, we present a 2.9-Å structure of the PAF-bound PAFR-Gi complex. Structural and mutagenesis analyses unveil a specific binding mode of PAF, with the choline head forming cation-π interactions within PAFR hydrophobic pocket, while the alkyl tail penetrates deeply into an aromatic cleft between TM4 and TM5. Binding of PAF modulates conformational changes in key motifs of PAFR, triggering the outward movement of TM6, TM7, and helix 8 for G protein coupling. Molecular dynamics simulation suggests a membrane-side pathway for PAF entry into PAFR via the TM4-TM5 cavity. By providing molecular insights into PAFR signaling, this work contributes a foundation for developing therapeutic interventions targeting PAF signal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Youwei Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinheng He
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junrui Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruolan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingning Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kai Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wen Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - H Eric Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Youwen Zhuang
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Medicinal Bioinformatics Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
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2
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Christian L, Manjrekar P, Henkels KM, Rapp CM, Annamraju R, Lohade RP, Singh S, Carpenter MA, Khan S, Kemp MG, Chen Y, Sahu RP, Travers JB. Evidence for the involvement of keratinocyte-derived microvesicle particles in the photosensitivity associated with xeroderma pigmentosum type A deficiency. Photochem Photobiol 2024:10.1111/php.13915. [PMID: 38287748 PMCID: PMC11284252 DOI: 10.1111/php.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Photosensitivity can be due to numerous causes. The photosensitivity associated with deficiency of xeroderma pigmentosum type A (XPA) has been previously shown to be associated with excess levels of the lipid mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF) generated by the keratinocyte. As PAF has been reported to trigger the production of subcellular microvesicle particles (MVP) due to the enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase), the goal of these studies was to discern if PAF and aSMase could serve as therapeutic targets for the XPA deficiency photosensitivity. HaCaT keratinocytes lacking XPA generated greater levels of MVP in comparison to control cells. Mice deficient in XPA also generated enhanced MVP levels in skin and in plasma in response to UV radiation. Use of a genetic strategy with mice deficient in both XPA and PAF receptors revealed that these mice generated less MVP release as well as decreased skin erythema and cytokine release compared to XPA knockout mice alone. Finally, the aSMase inhibitor imipramine blocked UV-induced MVP release in HaCaT keratinocytes, as well as XPA knockout mice. These studies support the concept that the photosensitivity associated with XPA involves PAF- and aSMase-mediated MVP release and provides a potential pharmacologic target in treating this form of photosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Christian
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Pranali Manjrekar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Karen M. Henkels
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Christine M. Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Risha Annamraju
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Rushabh P. Lohade
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Shikshita Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | | | - Saman Khan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Michael G. Kemp
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
- The Dayton V.A. Medical Center, Dayton, OH
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Ravi P. Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
| | - Jeffrey B. Travers
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
- Department of Dermatology, Wright State University, Dayton OH
- The Dayton V.A. Medical Center, Dayton, OH
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3
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Ye W, Wang J, Little PJ, Zou J, Zheng Z, Lu J, Yin Y, Liu H, Zhang D, Liu P, Xu S, Ye W, Liu Z. Anti-atherosclerotic effects and molecular targets of ginkgolide B from Ginkgo biloba. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1-19. [PMID: 38239238 PMCID: PMC10792990 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds derived from herbal medicinal plants modulate various therapeutic targets and signaling pathways associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world's primary cause of death. Ginkgo biloba , a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with notable cardiovascular actions, has been used as a cardio- and cerebrovascular therapeutic drug and nutraceutical in Asian countries for centuries. Preclinical studies have shown that ginkgolide B, a bioactive component in Ginkgo biloba , can ameliorate atherosclerosis in cultured vascular cells and disease models. Of clinical relevance, several clinical trials are ongoing or being completed to examine the efficacy and safety of ginkgolide B-related drug preparations in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemia stroke. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and mechanisms of action of ginkgolide B in atherosclerosis prevention and therapy. We highlight new molecular targets of ginkgolide B, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NADPH oxidase), lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), platelet-activating factor (PAF), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and others. Finally, we provide an overview and discussion of the therapeutic potential of ginkgolide B and highlight the future perspective of developing ginkgolide B as an effective therapeutic agent for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weile Ye
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peter J. Little
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute and School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya QLD 4575, Australia
| | - Jiami Zou
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanjun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wencai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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4
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Margariti A, Papakonstantinou VD, Stamatakis GM, Demopoulos CA, Machalia C, Emmanouilidou E, Schnakenburg G, Nika MC, Thomaidis NS, Philippopoulos AI. First-Row Transition Metal Complexes Incorporating the 2-(2'-pyridyl)quinoxaline Ligand (pqx), as Potent Inflammatory Mediators: Cytotoxic Properties and Biological Activities against the Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) and Thrombin. Molecules 2023; 28:6899. [PMID: 37836742 PMCID: PMC10574351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory mediators constitute a recently coined term in the field of metal-based complexes with antiplatelet activities. Our strategy targets Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) and its receptor, which is the most potent lipid mediator of inflammation. Thus, the antiplatelet (anti-PAF) potency of any substance could be exerted by inhibiting the PAF-induced aggregation in washed rabbit platelets (WRPs), which internationally is a well-accepted methodology. Herein, a series of mononuclear (mer-[Cr(pqx)Cl3(H2O]) (1), [Co(pqx)Cl2(DMF)] (2) (DMF = N,N'-dimethyl formamide), [Cu(pqx)Cl2(DMSO)] (3) (DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide), [Zn(pqx)Cl2] (4)) and dinuclear complexes ([Mn(pqx)(H2O)2Cl2]2 (5), [Fe(pqx)Cl2]2 (6) and [Ni(pqx)Cl2]2 (7)) incorporating the 2-(2'-pyridyl)quinoxaline ligand (pqx), were biologically evaluated as inhibitors of the PAF- and thrombin-induced aggregation in washed rabbit platelets (WRPs). The molecular structure of the five-co-ordinate analog (3) has been elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealing a trigonal bipyramidal geometry. All complexes are potent inhibitors of the PAF-induced aggregation in WRPs in the micromolar range. Complex (6) displayed a remarkable in vitro dual inhibition against PAF and thrombin, with IC50 values of 1.79 μM and 0.46 μM, respectively. Within the series, complex (5) was less effective (IC50 = 39 μM) while complex (1) was almost 12-fold more potent against PAF, as opposed to thrombin-induced aggregation. The biological behavior of complexes 1, 6 and 7 on PAF's basic metabolic enzymatic pathways reveals that they affect key biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes of PAF underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of the relevant complexes. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of all complexes in HEK293T (human embryonic kidney cells) and HeLa cells (cervical cancer cells) are described via the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results reveal that complex 3 is the most potent within the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni Margariti
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vasiliki D. Papakonstantinou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - George M. Stamatakis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Constantinos A. Demopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Christina Machalia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Evangelia Emmanouilidou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Maria-Christina Nika
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.-C.N.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Nikolaos S. Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.-C.N.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Athanassios I. Philippopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
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5
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Sabnis RW. Novel Cyclopentathiophene Carboxamide Derivatives as PAFR Antagonists for Treating Ocular Diseases, Allergies, and Inflammation-Related Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1148-1149. [PMID: 37736176 PMCID: PMC10510665 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Provided herein are novel cyclopentathiophene carboxamide derivatives as platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions, use of such compounds in treating ocular diseases, allergies, and inflammation-related diseases, and processes for preparing such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram W. Sabnis
- Smith, Gambrell & Russell LLP, 1105 W. Peachtree Street NE, Suite
1000, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States
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6
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Sabnis RW. Cyclopentathiophene Carboxamide Derivatives as PAFR Antagonists for Treating Ocular Diseases, Allergies, and Inflammation-Related Disorders. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:705-706. [PMID: 37312843 PMCID: PMC10258820 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Provided herein are cyclopentathiophene carboxamide derivatives as platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions, use of such compounds in treating ocular diseases, allergies, and inflammation-related disorders, and processes for preparing such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram W. Sabnis
- Smith, Gambrell & Russell LLP, 1105 W. Peachtree Street NE, Suite
1000, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States
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7
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Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Complexes Incorporating the Oxygen Tripodal Ligands [( η5-C 5R 5)Co{P(OEt) 2O} 3] -, (R = H, Me; Et = -C 2H 5) as Potent Inflammatory Mediator Inhibitors: Cytotoxic Properties and Biological Activities against the Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) and Thrombin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041859. [PMID: 36838847 PMCID: PMC9964123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes displaying antiplatelet properties is a promising research area. In our methodology, Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF), the most potent lipid pro-inflammatory mediator, serves as a biological probe. The antiplatelet activity is exerted by the inhibition of the PAF-induced aggregation in washed rabbit platelets (WRPs) and in rabbit plasma rich in platelets (rPRPs). Herein, the synthesis and biological investigation of a series of organometallic tin(II) and tin(IV) complexes, featuring the oxygen tripodal Kläui ligands [(η5-C5R5)Co{P(OEt)2O}3]-, {R = H, (LOEt-); Me (L*OEt-)}, are reported. Reaction of NaLOEt (1a) and NaL*OEt (1b) with SnCl2, yielded the rare four-coordinate LOEtSnCl (2a) and L*OEtSnCl (2b) complexes. Accordingly, LOEtSnPh3 (3a) and L*OEtSnPh3 (3b) were prepared, starting from Ph3SnCl. Characterization includes spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies for 2a, 2b and 3b. The antiplatelet activity of the lead complexes 2b and 3a (IC50 = 0.5 μΜ) is superior compared to that of 1a and 1b, while both complexes display a pronounced inhibitory activity against thrombin (IC50 = 1.8 μM and 0.6 μM). The in vitro cytotoxic activities of 3a and 2b on human Jurkat T lymphoblastic tumor cell line is higher than that of cisplatin.
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8
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Sharif NA. PAF-induced inflammatory and immuno-allergic ophthalmic diseases and their mitigation with PAF receptor antagonists: Cell and nuclear effects. Biofactors 2022; 48:1226-1249. [PMID: 35594054 PMCID: PMC10084252 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ocular allergies are becoming more prevalent as more airborne pollutants, irritants and microbes pervade our environment. Inflammatory and allergic mediators released by dendritic and mast cells within the conjunctiva cause allergic conjunctivitis (AC), a prevalent ocular surface disorder that affects >40% of the world's human population on a seasonal or perennial basis. Even though histamine is a major culprit, platelet-activating factor (PAF) also contributes to AC, acting either directly or synergistically with histamine and other mediators. PAF receptor-meditated inflammatory reactions, via cell-membrane-bound and nuclear-membrane-bound and nuclear PAF receptors, are also implicated in the etiology of other eye diseases such as uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, corneal and choroidal neovascularization, and age-related macular degeneration which cause serious visual impairment and can lead to blindness. This review highlights the various deleterious elements implicated in the pathological aspects of ocular allergic reactions and inflammation and provides concepts and treatment options to mitigate these eye disorders with a special focus on PAF and PAF receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najam A Sharif
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore
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9
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Mancuso R, Russo P, Miliè R, Dell’Aera M, Grande F, Della Ca' N, Gabriele B. Palladium iodide catalyzed carbonylative double cyclization to a new class of S,O-bicyclic heterocycles. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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10
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Chen L, Yan G, Ohwada T. Building on endogenous lipid mediators to design synthetic receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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11
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Nordin N, Jalil J, Ghani MFA, Abdullah AA, Othman R. Molecular Modelling Simulations and Inhibitory Effects of Naturally Derived Flavonoids Targeting Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor (PAFR). LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666210614170322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an agonist mediator in the inflammatory
process, which interacts with PAF receptor (PAFR) that eventually causes cancers, respiratory and
neurodegenerative diseases. This interaction activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
pathway, leading to a pro-inflammatory cascade. The pathophysiological conditions due to activation
of inflammatory cascade could be inhibited by PAF antagonists.
Objectives:
In this study, selected naturally derived flavonoids (flavone, biochanin A, and myricetin)
with different functional groups were subjected to molecular modelling and experimental studies to
investigate their potential as PAF antagonists.
Method:
Interactions of flavonoids and PAF were assessed via Autodock Vina for molecular docking
and the AMBER program for molecular dynamic simulations. The experimentally antagonistic effects
of the flavonoids were also conducted via PAF inhibitory assay to determine the IC50 values.
Results:
The findings of docking and dynamic simulations have revealed that all selected flavonoids
interact with PAFR in the binding site with considerably good binding affinity up to - 9.8 kcal mol-1 as
compared to cedrol (- 8.1 kcal mol-1) as a standard natural PAFR antagonist. The PAFR-flavonoid
complexes exhibited four conserved active site residues, which included W73, F97, F174, and L279.
The stability of all complexes was attained in a 30 ns simulation. The findings of in silico analyses
were then compared to the experimental study on PAF inhibitory assay. Inhibitory effects of flavonoids
against PAFR showed moderate activities, ranging from 27.8 – 30.8 μgM-1.
Conclusion:
All studied flavonoids could act as promising PAF antagonists with some enhancement in
their structures to exhibit potent antagonistic activity. However, these naturally derived flavonoids
demand further investigation at cellular and animal models to develop new PAF antagonist drug candidates
for treating PAF-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraziah Nordin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences 1, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,
71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Faiz Abd Ghani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences 1, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,
71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Adib Afandi Abdullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,
University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozana Othman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,
University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Natural Product Research and Drug Discovery
(CENAR), University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Shang Q, Zhou X, Yang MR, Lu JG, Pan Y, Zhu GY, Jiang ZH. Amide Derivatives of Ginkgolide B and Their Inhibitory Effects on PAF-Induced Platelet Aggregation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:22497-22503. [PMID: 34514222 PMCID: PMC8427636 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgolides are the most important components of Ginkgo biloba extracts, whose lactone can be hydrolyzed in the aqueous environment. Although the hydrolyzed products have complex structures and their functions are not well-understood, opening the lactone ring is an important strategy in producing novel derivatives of ginkgolide. The preparation of a single pure aminolyzed ginkgolide for the study of its bioactivity and understanding of the process of aminolysis are challenging. To obtain stable aminolyzed products, four amide derivatives (2-5) of ginkgolide B (GB, 1) were prepared via the ring-opening reaction of its lactone with propylamine. These products were purified and fully identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and were further evaluated for their ability to inhibit the PAF-induced platelet aggregation of rabbit platelets in vitro. Compound 2, which was obtained by selective aminolysis of the lactone ring C of GB, showed a much better inhibitory activity of platelet aggregation (IC50, 15 nM) than the parent compound GB (IC50, 442 nM). The other three products (3-5), which were obtained by the aminolysis of lactone rings C and F of GB, did not show platelet aggregation inhibitory activity. The results greatly extended our understanding of the chemistry of GB and provided important structural information for the exploration and development of new drugs based on ginkgolides in G. biloba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong−Hong
Kong−Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease,
Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, People’s Republic of China
- Livzon
Pharmaceutical Group Inc., Zhuhai 519000, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong−Hong
Kong−Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease,
Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Rong Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong−Hong
Kong−Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease,
Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Guang Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong−Hong
Kong−Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease,
Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Pan
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong−Hong
Kong−Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease,
Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Yuan Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong−Hong
Kong−Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease,
Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong−Hong
Kong−Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease,
Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Ke J, Li MT, Huo YJ, Cheng YQ, Guo SF, Wu Y, Zhang L, Ma J, Liu AJ, Han Y. The Synergistic Effect of Ginkgo biloba Extract 50 and Aspirin Against Platelet Aggregation. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:3543-3560. [PMID: 34429584 PMCID: PMC8375244 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s318515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to investigate potential synergistic antiplatelet effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE50) in combination with aspirin using in vitro models. Methods Arachidonic acid (AA), platelet activating factor (PAF), adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) and collagen were used as inducers. The antiplatelet effects of GBE50, aspirin and 1:1 combination of GBE50 and aspirin were detected by microplate method using rabbit platelets. Synergy finder 2.0 was used to analyze the synergistic antiplatelet effect. The compounds in GBE50 were identified by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS analysis and the candidate compounds were screened by TCMSP database. The targets of candidate compounds and aspirin were obtained in TCMSP, CCGs, Swiss target prediction database and drugbank. Targets involving platelet aggregation were obtained from GenCLiP database. Compound-target network was constructed and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to identify the critical biological processes and signaling pathways. The levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and PAF receptor (PAFR) were detected by ELISA to determine the effects of GBE50, aspirin and their combination on these pathways. Results GBE50 combined with aspirin inhibited platelet aggregation more effectively. The combination displayed synergistic antiplatelet effects in AA-induced platelet aggregation, and additive antiplatelet effects occurred in PAF, ADP and collagen induced platelet aggregation. Seven compounds were identified as candidate compounds in GBE50. Enrichment analyses revealed that GBE50 could interfere with platelet aggregation via cAMP pathway, AA metabolism and calcium signaling pathway, and aspirin could regulate platelet aggregation through AA metabolism and platelet activation. ELISA experiments showed that GBE50 combined with aspirin could increase cAMP levels in resting platelets, and decreased the levels of TXB2 and PAFR. Conclusion Our study indicated that GBE50 combined with aspirin could enhance the antiplatelet effects. They exerted both synergistic and additive effects in restraining platelet aggregation. The study highlighted the potential application of GBE50 as a supplementary therapy to treat thrombosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ke
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ting Li
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jing Huo
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qiong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Fen Guo
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianpeng Ma
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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14
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Veltri L, Amuso R, Petrilli M, Cuocci C, Chiacchio MA, Vitale P, Gabriele B. A Zinc-Mediated Deprotective Annulation Approach to New Polycyclic Heterocycles. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082318. [PMID: 33923572 PMCID: PMC8072660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A straightforward approach to new polycyclic heterocycles, 1H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c][1,3]oxazin-1-ones, is presented. It is based on the ZnCl2-promoted deprotective 6-endo-dig heterocyclization of N-Boc-2-alkynylbenzimidazoles under mild conditions (CH2Cl2, 40 °C for 3 h). The zinc center plays a dual role, as it promotes Boc deprotection (with formation of the tert-butyl carbocation, which can be trapped by substrates bearing a nucleophilic group) and activates the triple bond toward intramolecular nucleophilic attack by the carbamate group. The structure of representative products has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Veltri
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (R.A.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: (L.V.); (B.G.); Tel.: +39-0984-492817 (L.V.); +39-0984-492815 (B.G.)
| | - Roberta Amuso
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (R.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Marzia Petrilli
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (R.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Corrado Cuocci
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Maria A. Chiacchio
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Bartolo Gabriele
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (R.A.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: (L.V.); (B.G.); Tel.: +39-0984-492817 (L.V.); +39-0984-492815 (B.G.)
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15
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Kalampalidis A, Peppas A, Schnakenburg G, Papakyriakou A, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I, Philippopoulos AI. Antithrombotic and antiplatelet activity of an organometallic rhodium(I) complex incorporating a substituted thieno‐[2,3‐
d
]‐pyrimidine ligand: Synthesis, structural characterization, and molecular docking calculations. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Kalampalidis
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Anastasios Peppas
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Athanasios Papakyriakou
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos” Athens Greece
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Health Research Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Bernal Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Health Research Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Athanassios I. Philippopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
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16
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Cheng Q, Wu H, Du Y. The roles of small-molecule inflammatory mediators in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Immunol 2020; 93:e12982. [PMID: 33025632 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and joint destruction. Although great progress has been made in the treatment of RA with antagonists of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1, the disease remains refractory in some patients. Previous studies have found that small-molecule inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, lipoxins and platelet-activating factor, play a significant role in the development of RA. Such compounds help to induce, maintain or reduce inflammation and could therefore be potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we describe the roles of various classes of small-molecule inflammatory mediators in RA and discuss the effects of some drugs that modulate their activity. Many drugs targeting these mediators have demonstrated good efficacy in mouse models of RA but not in patients. However, it is clear that many small-molecule inflammatory mediators play key roles in the pathogenesis of RA, and a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathways may assist in the development of targeted therapies that are efficacious in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaxiang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Margariti A, Papakonstantinou VD, Stamatakis GM, Demopoulos CA, Schnakenburg G, Andreopoulou AK, Giannopoulos P, Kallitsis JK, Philippopoulos AI. Substituted pyridine-quinoline ligands as building blocks for neutral rhodium(III) complexes. Synthesis, structural characterization studies and anti-platelet activity towards the Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF). Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Forty Years Since the Structural Elucidation of Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF): Historical, Current, and Future Research Perspectives. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234414. [PMID: 31816871 PMCID: PMC6930554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the late 1960s, Barbaro and Zvaifler described a substance that caused antigen induced histamine release from rabbit platelets producing antibodies in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Henson described a ‘soluble factor’ released from leukocytes that induced vasoactive amine release in platelets. Later observations by Siraganuan and Osler observed the existence of a diluted substance that had the capacity to cause platelet activation. In 1972, the term platelet-activating factor (PAF) was coined by Benveniste, Henson, and Cochrane. The structure of PAF was later elucidated by Demopoulos, Pinckard, and Hanahan in 1979. These studies introduced the research world to PAF, which is now recognised as a potent phospholipid mediator. Since its introduction to the literature, research on PAF has grown due to interest in its vital cell signalling functions and more sinisterly its role as a pro-inflammatory molecule in several chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. As it is forty years since the structural elucidation of PAF, the aim of this review is to provide a historical account of the discovery of PAF and to provide a general overview of current and future perspectives on PAF research in physiology and pathophysiology.
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19
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Guo X, Zheng M, Pan R, Zang B, Gao J, Ma H, Jin M. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) targets the platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor and inhibits human bronchial smooth muscle activation induced by PAF. Food Funct 2019; 10:4661-4673. [PMID: 31292579 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00896a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the main active ingredient of edible plant safflower. HSYA has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects. The inflammatory response is the key mechanism responsible for asthma, and the pro-inflammatory platelet-activating factor (PAF) is known to play a role in the pathology of bronchial asthma. In this study, we stimulated human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs) with PAF and examined the effects of HSYA on the resulting asthma-related process. PAF stimulation induced HBSMC activation, induced proliferation, increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and activated asthma-related signaling pathways. All these effects were significantly inhibited by treatment with HSYA (9, 27, 81 μmol L-1). The effects of HSYA were prevented by the addition of a PAF receptor (PAFR) antagonist or by PAFR gene silencing with small interfering RNA. These results suggest that HSYA may inhibit PAF-induced activation of HBSMCs by targeting the PAFR. Overall, these findings provide evidence that HSYA can be applied as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
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20
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Liu G, Mateer SW, Hsu A, Goggins BJ, Tay H, Mathe A, Fan K, Neal R, Bruce J, Burns G, Minahan K, Maltby S, Fricker M, Foster PS, Wark PAB, Hansbro PM, Keely S. Platelet activating factor receptor regulates colitis-induced pulmonary inflammation through the NLRP3 inflammasome. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:862-873. [PMID: 30976089 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM) are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). One such EIM is sub-clinical pulmonary inflammation, which occurs in up to 50% of IBD patients. In animal models of colitis, pulmonary inflammation is driven by neutrophilic infiltrations, primarily in response to the systemic bacteraemia and increased bacterial load in the lungs. Platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) plays a critical role in regulating pulmonary responses to infection in conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. We investigated the role of PAFR in pulmonary EIMs of IBD, using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and anti-CD40 murine models of colitis. Both models induced neutrophilic inflammation, with increased TNF and IL-1β levels, bacterial load and PAFR protein expression in mouse lungs. Antagonism of PAFR decreased lung neutrophilia, TNF, and IL-1β in an NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent manner. Lipopolysaccharide from phosphorylcholine (ChoP)-positive bacteria induced NLRP3 and caspase-1 proteins in human alveolar epithelial cells, however antagonism of PAFR prevented NLRP3 activation by ChoP. Amoxicillin reduced bacterial populations in the lungs and reduced NLRP3 inflammasome protein levels, but did not reduce PAFR. These data suggest a role for PAFR in microbial pattern recognition and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean W Mateer
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan Hsu
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Bridie J Goggins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Hock Tay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Mathe
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kening Fan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Neal
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Bruce
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace Burns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kyra Minahan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven Maltby
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Fricker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul S Foster
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. .,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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21
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Gabriele B, Mancuso R, Veltri L, Ziccarelli I, Della Ca' N. Palladium-Catalyzed Double Cyclization Processes Leading to Polycyclic Heterocycles: Recent Advances. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartolo Gabriele
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria;; Via Pietro Bucci 12 C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Raffaella Mancuso
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria;; Via Pietro Bucci 12 C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Lucia Veltri
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria;; Via Pietro Bucci 12 C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Ida Ziccarelli
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies; University of Calabria;; Via Pietro Bucci 12 C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Nicola Della Ca'
- Department of Chemistry; Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
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22
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Chen H, Liu MG. Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of heterocyclic tetrahydropyrido[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone derivatives via sequential aza-Wittig/base catalyzed cyclization. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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