1
|
Hatton N, Nabarro J, Yates NDJ, Parkin A, Wilson LG, Baumann CG, Fascione MA. Mannose-Presenting "Glyco-Colicins" Convert the Bacterial Cell Surface into a Multivalent Adsorption Site for Adherent Bacteria. JACS AU 2024; 4:2122-2129. [PMID: 38938796 PMCID: PMC11200225 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Biofilm formation is integral to the pathogenesis of numerous adherent bacteria and contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The rising threat of AMR means the need to develop novel nonbactericidal antiadhesion approaches against such bacteria is more urgent than ever. Both adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC, implicated in inflammatory bowel disease) and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC, responsible for ∼80% of urinary tract infections) adhere to terminal mannose sugars on epithelial glycoproteins through the FimH adhesin on their type 1 pilus. Although mannose-based inhibitors have previously been explored to inhibit binding of adherent bacteria to epithelial cells, this approach has been limited by monovalent carbohydrate-protein interactions. Herein, we pioneer a novel approach to this problem through the preparation of colicin E9 bioconjugates that bind to the abundant BtuB receptor in the outer membrane of bacteria, which enables multivalent presentation of functional motifs on the cell surface. We show these bioconjugates label the surface of live E. coli and furthermore demonstrate that mannose-presenting "glyco-colicins" induce E. coli aggregation, thereby using the bacteria, itself, as a multivalent platform for mannose display, which triggers binding to adjacent FimH-presenting bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha
E. Hatton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Nabarro
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alison Parkin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence G. Wilson
- Department
of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martin A. Fascione
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohammed AF, Othman SA, Abou-Ghadir OF, Kotb AA, Mostafa YA, El-Mokhtar MA, Abdu-Allah HHM. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and docking study of some new aryl and heteroaryl thiomannosides as FimH antagonists. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107258. [PMID: 38447463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
FimH is a mannose-recognizing lectin that is expressed by Escherichia coli guiding its ability to adhere and infect cells. It is involved in pathogenesis of urinary tract infections and Chron's disease. Several X-ray structure-guided ligand design studies were extensively utilized in the discovery and optimization of small molecule aryl mannoside FimH antagonists. These antagonists retain key specific interactions of the mannose scaffolds with the FimH carbohydrate recognition domains. Thiomannosides are attractive and stable scaffolds, and this work reports the synthesis of some of their new aryl and heteroaryl derivatives as FimH antagonists. FimH-competitive binding assays as well as biofilm inhibition of the new compounds (24-32) were determined in comparison with the reference n-heptyl α-d-mannopyranoside (HM). The affinity among these compounds was found to be governed by the structure of the aryl and heteroarylf aglycones. Two compounds 31 and 32 revealed higher activity than HM. Molecular docking and total hydrophobic to topological polar surface area ratio calculations attributed to explain the obtained biological results. Finally, the SAR study suggested that introducing an aryl or heteroaryl aglycone of sufficient hydrophobicity and of proper orientation within the tyrosine binding site considerably enhance binding affinity. The potent and synthetically feasible FimH antagonists described herein hold potential as leads for the development of sensors for detection of E. coli and treatment of its diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anber F Mohammed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Shimaa A Othman
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Ola F Abou-Ghadir
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Kotb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Yaser A Mostafa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Hajjaj H M Abdu-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cramer J, Pero B, Jiang X, Bosko C, Silbermann M, Rabbani S, Wilke S, Nemli DD, Ernst B, Peczuh MW. Does size matter? - Comparing pyranoses with septanoses as ligands of the bacterial lectin FimH. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116225. [PMID: 38367495 PMCID: PMC10964925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The pharmacological modulation of disease-relevant carbohydrate-protein interactions represents an underexplored area of medicinal chemistry. One particular challenge in the design of glycomimetic compounds is the inherent instability of the glycosidic bond toward enzymatic cleavage. This problem has traditionally been approached by employing S-, N-, or C-glycosides with reduced susceptibility toward glycosidases. The application of ring-extended glycomimetics is an innovative approach to circumvent this issue. On the example of the bacterial adhesin FimH, it was explored how design principles from pyranose glycomimetics transfer to analogous septanose structures. A series of ring-extended FimH antagonists exhibiting the well-proven pharmacophore necessary for targeting the tyrosine-gate of FimH was synthesized. The resulting septanoses were evaluated for their affinity to the conformationally rigid isolated lectin domain of FimH (FimHLD), as well as a structurally flexible full-length FimH (FimHFL) construct. Some elements of potent mannoside-based FimH antagonists could be successfully transferred to septanose-based ligands, ultimately resulting in a 32-fold increase in binding affinity. Interestingly, the canonical ca. 100-fold loss of binding affinity between FimHLD and FimHFL is partly mitigated by the more flexible septanose antagonists, hinting at potentially differing interaction features of the flexible glycomimetics with intermediately populated states during the conformational transition of FimHFL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cramer
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland; Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bryant Pero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, U3060, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristin Bosko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, U3060, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Said Rabbani
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Wilke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dilara D Nemli
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beat Ernst
- Molecular Pharmacy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark W Peczuh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, U3060, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maddirala AR, Tamadonfar K, Pinkner JS, Sanick D, Hultgren SJ, Janetka JW. Discovery of Orally Bioavailable FmlH Lectin Antagonists as Treatment for Urinary Tract Infections. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3668-3678. [PMID: 38308631 PMCID: PMC10994195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
FmlH, a bacterial adhesin of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), has been shown to provide a fitness advantage in colonizing the bladder during chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs). Previously reported ortho-biphenyl glycosides based on βGal and βGalNAc have excellent binding affinity to FmlH and potently block binding to its natural carbohydrate receptor, but they lack oral bioavailability. In this paper, we outline studies where we have optimized compounds for improved pharmacokinetics, leading to the discovery of novel analogues with good oral bioavailability. We synthesized galactosides with the anomeric O-linker replaced with more stable S- and C-linked linkers. We also investigated modifications to the GalNAc sugar and modifications to the biphenyl aglycone. We identified GalNAc 69 with an IC50 of 0.19 μM against FmlH and 53% oral bioavailability in mice. We also obtained a FimlH-bound X-ray structure of lead compound 69 (AM4085) which has potential as a new antivirulence therapeutic for UTIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amarendar Reddy Maddirala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kevin Tamadonfar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jerome S. Pinkner
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Denise Sanick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Scott J. Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James W. Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Al-Mughaid H, Jaradat Y, Khazaaleh M, Al-Taani I. Click chemistry inspired facile one-pot synthesis of mannosyl triazoles and their hemagglutination inhibitory properties: The effect of alkyl chain spacer length between the triazole and phthalimide moieties in the aglycone backbone. Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108965. [PMID: 37852130 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot synthesis of a new series of mannosyl triazoles has been achieved through CuAAC reaction where the alkyl chain spacer between the phthalimide moiety and the triazole ring in the aglycone backbone is varied from one methylene to six methylene units. The target compounds were evaluated in terms of their inhibitory potency against FimH using hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay. It was found that the length of four methylene units was the optimum for the fitting/binding of the compound to FimH as exemplified by compound 11 (HAI = 1.9 μM), which was approximately 200 times more potent than the reference ligand 1(HAI = 385 μM). The successful implementation of one-pot protocol with building blocks 1-7 and the architecture of ligand 11 will be the subject of our future work for developing more potent FimH inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Al-Mughaid
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Younis Jaradat
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Maha Khazaaleh
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim Al-Taani
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Leusmann S, Ménová P, Shanin E, Titz A, Rademacher C. Glycomimetics for the inhibition and modulation of lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3663-3740. [PMID: 37232696 PMCID: PMC10243309 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are essential mediators of many processes in health and disease. They regulate self-/non-self- discrimination, are key elements of cellular communication, cancer, infection and inflammation, and determine protein folding, function and life-times. Moreover, they are integral to the cellular envelope for microorganisms and participate in biofilm formation. These diverse functions of carbohydrates are mediated by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins, and the more the knowledge about the biology of these proteins is advancing, the more interfering with carbohydrate recognition becomes a viable option for the development of novel therapeutics. In this respect, small molecules mimicking this recognition process become more and more available either as tools for fostering our basic understanding of glycobiology or as therapeutics. In this review, we outline the general design principles of glycomimetic inhibitors (Section 2). This section is then followed by highlighting three approaches to interfere with lectin function, i.e. with carbohydrate-derived glycomimetics (Section 3.1), novel glycomimetic scaffolds (Section 3.2) and allosteric modulators (Section 3.3). We summarize recent advances in design and application of glycomimetics for various classes of lectins of mammalian, viral and bacterial origin. Besides highlighting design principles in general, we showcase defined cases in which glycomimetics have been advanced to clinical trials or marketed. Additionally, emerging applications of glycomimetics for targeted protein degradation and targeted delivery purposes are reviewed in Section 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leusmann
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Ménová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Shanin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tomasek K, Leithner A, Glatzova I, Lukesch MS, Guet CC, Sixt M. Type 1 piliated uropathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response by binding to CD14. eLife 2022; 11:78995. [PMID: 35881547 PMCID: PMC9359703 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A key attribute of persistent or recurring bacterial infections is the ability of the pathogen to evade the host’s immune response. Many Enterobacteriaceae express type 1 pili, a pre-adapted virulence trait, to invade host epithelial cells and establish persistent infections. However, the molecular mechanisms and strategies by which bacteria actively circumvent the immune response of the host remain poorly understood. Here, we identified CD14, the major co-receptor for lipopolysaccharide detection, on mouse dendritic cells (DCs) as a binding partner of FimH, the protein located at the tip of the type 1 pilus of Escherichia coli. The FimH amino acids involved in CD14 binding are highly conserved across pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. Binding of the pathogenic strain CFT073 to CD14 reduced DC migration by overactivation of integrins and blunted expression of co-stimulatory molecules by overactivating the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) pathway, both rate-limiting factors of T cell activation. This response was binary at the single-cell level, but averaged in larger populations exposed to both piliated and non-piliated pathogens, presumably via the exchange of immunomodulatory cytokines. While defining an active molecular mechanism of immune evasion by pathogens, the interaction between FimH and CD14 represents a potential target to interfere with persistent and recurrent infections, such as urinary tract infections or Crohn’s disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Tomasek
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Ivana Glatzova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Calin C Guet
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al-Mughaid H, Nawasreh S, Naser H, Jaradat Y, Al-Zoubi RM. Synthesis and hemagglutination inhibitory properties of mannose-tipped ligands: The effect of terminal phenyl groups and the linker between the mannose residue and the triazole moiety. Carbohydr Res 2022; 515:108559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
9
|
Al-Mughaid H, Jaradat Y, Khazaaleh M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of mannosyl triazoles and varying the nature of substituents on the terminal phthalimido moiety in the aglycone backbone. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
10
|
Sandner A, Ngo K, Sager CP, Scheer F, Daude M, Diederich WE, Heine A, Klebe G. Which Properties Allow Ligands to Open and Bind to the Transient Binding Pocket of Human Aldose Reductase? Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121837. [PMID: 34944481 PMCID: PMC8699021 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient specificity pocket of aldose reductase only opens in response to specific ligands. This pocket may offer an advantage for the development of novel, more selective ligands for proteins with similar topology that lack such an adaptive pocket. Our aim was to elucidate which properties allow an inhibitor to bind in the specificity pocket. A series of inhibitors that share the same parent scaffold but differ in their attached aromatic substituents were screened using ITC and X-ray crystallography for their ability to occupy the pocket. Additionally, we investigated the electrostatic potentials and charge distribution across the attached terminal aromatic groups with respect to their potential to bind to the transient pocket of the enzyme using ESP calculations. These methods allowed us to confirm the previously established hypothesis that an electron-deficient aromatic group is an important prerequisite for opening and occupying the specificity pocket. We also demonstrated from our crystal structures that a pH shift between 5 and 8 does not affect the binding position of the ligand in the specificity pocket. This allows for a comparison between thermodynamic and crystallographic data collected at different pH values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sandner
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Khang Ngo
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Christoph P. Sager
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Frithjof Scheer
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Zentrum für Tumor und Immunbiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35032 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.D.)
| | - Michael Daude
- Zentrum für Tumor und Immunbiologie, Core Facility Medicinal Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Wibke E. Diederich
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Zentrum für Tumor und Immunbiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35032 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.D.)
- Zentrum für Tumor und Immunbiologie, Core Facility Medicinal Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Andreas Heine
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6421-28-21313
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Al-Mughaid H, Khazaaleh M. α-d-Mannoside ligands with a valency ranging from one to three: Synthesis and hemagglutination inhibitory properties. Carbohydr Res 2021; 508:108396. [PMID: 34298357 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Six mono-, di-, and trivalent α-d-mannopyranosyl conjugates built on aromatic scaffolds were synthesized in excellent yields by Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC). These conjugates were designed to have unique, flexible tails that combine a mid-tail triazole ring, to interact with the tyrosine gate, with a terminal phenyl group armed with benzylic hydroxyl groups to avoid solubility problems as well as to provide options to connect to other supports. Biological evaluation of the prepared conjugates in hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay revealed that potency increases with valency and the trivalent ligand 6d (HAI = 0.005 mM) is approximately sevenfold better than the best meta-oriented monovalent analogues 2d and 4d (HAI ≈ 0.033 mM) and so may serve as a good starting point to find new lead ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Al-Mughaid
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Maha Khazaaleh
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mousavifar L, Roy R. Recent development in the design of small 'drug-like' and nanoscale glycomimetics against Escherichia coli infections. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2124-2137. [PMID: 33667654 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are involved in several pathological processes. Glycomimetics that can favorably emulate complex carbohydrate structures, while competing with natural ligands as inhibitors, are gaining considerable attention owing to their improved hydrolytic stability, binding affinity, and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Of particular interest are the families of α-d-mannopyranoside analogs, which can be used as inhibitors against adherent invasive Escherichia coli infections. Bacterial resistance to modern antibiotics triggers the search for new alternative antibacterial strategies that are less susceptible to acquiring resistance. In this review, we highlight recent progress in the chemical syntheses of this family of compounds, one of which having reached clinical trials against Crohn's disease (CD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mousavifar
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, PO Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - René Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, PO Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hatton NE, Baumann CG, Fascione MA. Developments in Mannose-Based Treatments for Uropathogenic Escherichia coli-Induced Urinary Tract Infections. Chembiochem 2021; 22:613-629. [PMID: 32876368 PMCID: PMC7894189 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
During their lifetime almost half of women will experience a symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) with a further half experiencing a relapse within six months. Currently UTIs are treated with antibiotics, but increasing antibiotic resistance rates highlight the need for new treatments. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is responsible for the majority of symptomatic UTI cases and thus has become a key pathological target. Adhesion of type one pilus subunit FimH at the surface of UPEC strains to mannose-saturated oligosaccharides located on the urothelium is critical to pathogenesis. Since the identification of FimH as a therapeutic target in the late 1980s, a substantial body of research has been generated focusing on the development of FimH-targeting mannose-based anti-adhesion therapies. In this review we will discuss the design of different classes of these mannose-based compounds and their utility and potential as UPEC therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha E. Hatton
- York Structural Biology Lab, Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslington RoadYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | - Martin A. Fascione
- York Structural Biology Lab, Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslington RoadYorkYO10 5DDUK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Moseev TD, Varaksin MV, Gorlov DA, Charushin VN, Chupakhin ON. Recent advances in the functionalization of polyfluoro(aza)aromatics via C-C coupling strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4429-4459. [PMID: 33908555 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00472g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyfluoro(aza)aromatic compounds are of interest in various fields of practical applications, such as medicinal and agrochemistry, materials science and advanced technologies. The C-C coupling reactions are known to be a promising synthetic tool to create challenging fluorinated molecules of diverse architectures. In this review, we have summarized the recent advances in the functionalization of polyfluoro(aza)aromatics via both transition metal-catalyzed and metal-free C-C coupling reactions for the period from 2006 to the beginning of 2021. Also, mechanistic features for chemical transformations of fluoroarene scaffolds and new opportunities for practical applications of the designed fluorinated molecules have been highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timofey D Moseev
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Mikhail V Varaksin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia. and Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Denis A Gorlov
- Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery N Charushin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia. and Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Oleg N Chupakhin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia. and Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Does targeting Arg98 of FimH lead to high affinity antagonists? Eur J Med Chem 2020; 211:113093. [PMID: 33340913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance has become an important challenge in the treatment of urinary tract infections. The underlying resistance mechanisms can most likely be circumvented with an antiadhesive approach, antagonizing the lectin FimH located at the tip of fimbriae of uropathogenic E. coli. Here we report on a novel series of FimH antagonists based on the 1-(α-d-mannopyranosyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole scaffold, designed to incorporate carboxylic acid or ester functions to interact with FimH Arg98. The most potent representative of the series, ester 11e, displayed a Kd value of 7.6 nM for the lectin domain of FimH with a general conclusion that all esters outperform carboxylates in terms of affinity. Surprisingly, all compounds from this new series exhibited improved binding affinities also for the R98A mutant, indicating another possible interaction contributing to binding. Our study on 1-(α-d-mannopyranosyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole-based FimH antagonists offers proof that targeting Arg98 side chain by a "chemical common sense", i.e. by introduction of the acidic moiety to form ionic bond with Arg98 is most likely unsuitable approach to boost FimH antagonists' potency.
Collapse
|
16
|
Cramer J, Jiang X, Schönemann W, Silbermann M, Zihlmann P, Siegrist S, Fiege B, Jakob RP, Rabbani S, Maier T, Ernst B. Enhancing the enthalpic contribution of hydrogen bonds by solvent shielding. RSC Chem Biol 2020; 1:281-287. [PMID: 34458766 PMCID: PMC8341794 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In biological systems, polar interactions are heavily burdened by high desolvation penalties resulting from strong solute-solvent interactions. As a consequence thereof, enthalpic contributions of hydrogen bonds to the free energy of binding are severely diminished. However, this effect is strongly attenuated for interactions within solvent-shielded areas of proteins. In microcalorimetric experiments, we show that the bacterial lectin FimH utilizes conformational adaptions to effectively shield its binding site from solvent. The transition into a lower dielectric environment results in an enthalpic benefit of approximately -13 kJ mol-1 for mannoside binding. However, this effect can be abrogated, if the hydrogen bond network within the binding site is disturbed by deoxygenation of the ligand. Conformational adaption leading to reduced local dielectric constants could represent a general mechanism for proteins to enable enthalpy-driven recognition of polar ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cramer
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Wojciech Schönemann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marleen Silbermann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Pascal Zihlmann
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Stefan Siegrist
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Fiege
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Roman Peter Jakob
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 70 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Said Rabbani
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Timm Maier
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 70 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Martin H, Somers T, Dwyer M, Robson R, Pfeffer FM, Bjornsson R, Krämer T, Kavanagh K, Velasco-Torrijos T. Scaffold diversity for enhanced activity of glycosylated inhibitors of fungal adhesion. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:1386-1401. [PMID: 34095846 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00224k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is one of the most prevalent fungal pathogens involved in hospital acquired infections. It binds to glycans at the surface of epithelial cells and initiates infection. This process can be blocked by synthetic carbohydrates that mimic the structure of cell surface glycans. Herein we report the evaluation of a series of divalent glycosides featuring aromatic (benzene, squaramide) and bicyclic aliphatic (norbornene) scaffolds, with the latter being the first examples of their kind as small molecule anti-adhesion glycoconjugates. Galactosides 1 and 6, built on an aromatic core, were most efficient inhibitors of adhesion of C. albicans to buccal epithelial cells, displacing up to 36% and 48%, respectively, of yeast already attached to epithelial cells at 138 μM. Remarkably, cis-endo-norbornene 21 performed comparably to benzene-core derivatives. Conformational analysis reveals a preference for compounds 1 and 21 to adopt folded conformations. These results highlight the potential of norbornenes as a new class of aliphatic scaffolds for the synthesis of anti-adhesion compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harlei Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
| | - Tara Somers
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
| | - Mathew Dwyer
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
| | - Ryan Robson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University Geelong Victoria 3217 Australia
| | - Frederick M Pfeffer
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University Geelong Victoria 3217 Australia
| | - Ragnar Bjornsson
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland .,The Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
| | - Kevin Kavanagh
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland.,The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
| | - Trinidad Velasco-Torrijos
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland .,The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Interaction of Fluorinated Glycomimetics with DC-SIGN: Multiple Binding Modes Disentangled by the Combination of NMR Methods and MD Simulations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080179. [PMID: 32759765 PMCID: PMC7463913 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated glycomimetics are frequently employed to study and eventually modulate protein–glycan interactions. However, complex glycans and their glycomimetics may display multiple binding epitopes that enormously complicate the access to a complete picture of the protein–ligand complexes. We herein present a new methodology based on the synergic combination of experimental 19F-based saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR data with computational protocols, applied to analyze the interaction between DC-SIGN, a key lectin involved in inflammation and infection events with the trifluorinated glycomimetic of the trimannoside core, ubiquitous in human glycoproteins. A novel 2D-STD-TOCSYreF NMR experiment was employed to obtain the experimental STD NMR intensities, while the Complete Relaxation Matrix Analysis (CORCEMA-ST) was used to predict that expected for an ensemble of geometries extracted from extensive MD simulations. Then, an in-house built computer program was devised to find the ensemble of structures that provide the best fit between the theoretical and the observed STD data. Remarkably, the experimental STD profiles obtained for the ligand/DC-SIGN complex could not be satisfactorily explained by a single binding mode, but rather with a combination of different modes coexisting in solution. Therefore, the method provides a precise view of those ligand–receptor complexes present in solution.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhu Z, Chen Y, Li S, Lin H, Qin G, Cai C. Ortho-Substituted α-Phenyl Mannoside Derivatives Promoted Early-Stage Adhesion and Biofilm Formation of E. coli 83972. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21300-21310. [PMID: 32107915 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) over long-term usage of urinary catheters remains a great challenge. Bacterial interference using nonpathogenic bacteria, such as E. coli 83972, have been investigated in many pilot-scale clinical studies as a potentially nonantibiotic based strategy for CAUTI prevention. We have demonstrated that preforming a dense and stable biofilm of the nonpathogenic E. coli greatly enhances their capability to prevent pathogen colonization. Such nonpathogenic biofilms were formed by E. coli 83972 expressing type 1 fimbriae (fim+ E. coli 83972) on mannoside-presenting surfaces. In this work, we report the synthesis of a series of mannoside derivatives with a wide range of binding affinities, all being equipped with a handle for covalent attachment to silicone surfaces. We established a high-throughput competitive assay based on mannoside-modified particles and flow-cytometry to directly measure the binding affinity between the mannoside ligands and fim+ E. coli 83972. We demonstrated that the bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation were strongly correlated to the binding affinity of the immobilized mannoside ligands. Mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis indicated a substantial difference in the proteome of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secreted by biofilms on different mannoside surfaces, which might be related to the biofilm stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Yanxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Siheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, Texas 77002, United States
| | - Guoting Qin
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Chengzhi Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Glöckner S, Ngo K, Wagner B, Heine A, Klebe G. The Influence of Varying Fluorination Patterns on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Benzenesulfonamide Binding to Human Carbonic Anhydrase II. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E509. [PMID: 32230853 PMCID: PMC7226267 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorination of lead-like compounds is a common tool in medicinal chemistry to alter molecular properties in various ways and with different goals. We herein present a detailed study of the binding of fluorinated benzenesulfonamides to human Carbonic Anhydrase II by complementing macromolecular X-ray crystallographic observations with thermodynamic and kinetic data collected with the novel method of kinITC. Our findings comprise so far unknown alternative binding modes in the crystalline state for some of the investigated compounds as well as complex thermodynamic and kinetic structure-activity relationships. They suggest that fluorination of the benzenesulfonamide core is especially advantageous in one position with respect to the kinetic signatures of binding and that a higher degree of fluorination does not necessarily provide for a higher affinity or more favorable kinetic binding profiles. Lastly, we propose a relationship between the kinetics of binding and ligand acidity based on a small set of compounds with similar substitution patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Glöckner
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Khang Ngo
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Björn Wagner
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, 4070 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Andreas Heine
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Urinary tract infections: microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions and new treatment strategies. Nat Rev Microbiol 2020; 18:211-226. [PMID: 32071440 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-020-0324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, recurrent infections that can be mild to life-threatening. The continued emergence of antibiotic resistance, together with our increasing understanding of the detrimental effects conferred by broad-spectrum antibiotic use on the health of the beneficial microbiota of the host, has underscored the weaknesses in our current treatment paradigm for UTIs. In this Review, we discuss how recent microbiological, structural, genetic and immunological studies have expanded our understanding of host-pathogen interactions during UTI pathogenesis. These basic scientific findings have the potential to shift the strategy for UTI treatment away from broad-spectrum antibiotics targeting conserved aspects of bacterial replication towards pathogen-specific antibiotic-sparing therapeutics that target core determinants of bacterial virulence at the host-pathogen interface.
Collapse
|
22
|
Gimeno A, Valverde P, Ardá A, Jiménez-Barbero J. Glycan structures and their interactions with proteins. A NMR view. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 62:22-30. [PMID: 31835069 PMCID: PMC7322516 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate molecules are essential actors in key biological events, being involved as recognition points for cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions related to health and disease. Despite outstanding advances in cryoEM, X-ray crystallography and NMR still remain the most employed techniques to unravel their conformational features and to describe the structural details of their interactions with biomolecular receptors. Given the intrinsic flexibility of saccharides, NMR methods are of paramount importance to deduce the extent of motion around their glycosidic linkages and to explore their receptor-bound conformations. We herein present our particular view on the latest advances in NMR methodologies that are permitting to magnify their applications for deducing glycan conformation and dynamics and understanding the recognition events in which there are involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48162 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Pablo Valverde
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48162 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48162 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48162 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain; Department of Organic Chemistry II, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lectin antagonists in infection, immunity, and inflammation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 53:51-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
24
|
Valverde P, Ardá A, Reichardt NC, Jiménez-Barbero J, Gimeno A. Glycans in drug discovery. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1678-1691. [PMID: 31814952 PMCID: PMC6839814 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00292h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are key players in many biological processes. They are essential for protein folding and stability and act as recognition elements in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Thus, being at the heart of medically relevant biological processes, glycans have come onto the scene and are considered hot spots for biomedical intervention. The progress in biophysical techniques allowing access to an increasing molecular and structural understanding of these processes has led to the development of effective therapeutics. Indeed, strategies aimed at designing glycomimetics able to block specific lectin-carbohydrate interactions, carbohydrate-based vaccines mimicking self- and non-self-antigens as well as the exploitation of the therapeutic potential of glycosylated antibodies are being pursued. In this mini-review the most prominent contributions concerning recurrent diseases are highlighted, including bacterial and viral infections, cancer or immune-related pathologies, which certainly show the great promise of carbohydrates in drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valverde
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
| | | | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
- Ikerbasque , Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Bizkaia , Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry II , University of the Basque Country , UPV/EHU , 48940 Leioa , Bizkaia , Spain
| | - Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800 , 48162 Derio , Bizkaia , Spain .
| |
Collapse
|