1
|
Jeong HJ, Min S, Baek J, Kim J, Chung J, Jeong K. Real-Time Reaction Monitoring of Azide-Alkyne Cycloadditions Using Benchtop NMR-Based Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE). ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:134-142. [PMID: 37090259 PMCID: PMC10120034 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rufinamide, possessing a triazole ring, is a new antiepileptic drug (AED) relatively well-absorbed in the lower dose range (10 mg/kg per day) and is currently being used in antiepileptic medications. Triazole derivatives can interact with various enzymes and receptors in biological systems via diverse non-covalent interactions, thus inducing versatile biological effects. Strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) is a significant method for obtaining triazoles, even under physiological conditions, in the absence of a copper catalyst. To confirm the progress of chemical reactions under biological conditions, research on reaction monitoring at low concentrations is essential. This promising strategy is gaining acceptance for applications in fields such as drug development and nanoscience. We investigated the optimum Ir catalyst and magnetic field for achieving maximum proton hyperpolarization transfer in triazole derivatives. These reactions were analyzed using signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) to overcome the limitations of low sensitivity in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, when monitoring copper-free click reactions in real time. Finally, a more versatile copper-catalyzed click reaction was monitored in real time, using a 60 MHz benchtop NMR system, in order to analyze the reaction mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Sein Min
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Juhee Baek
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Jean Chung
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department
of Physics and Chemistry, Korea Military
Academy, Seoul 01805, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany,Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany,Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States,Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Salnikov OG, Trofimov IA, Pravdivtsev AN, Them K, Hövener JB, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV. Through-Space Multinuclear Magnetic Resonance Signal Enhancement Induced by Parahydrogen and Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15010-15017. [PMID: 36264746 PMCID: PMC10007960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (i.e., polarized far beyond the thermal equilibrium) nuclear spins can result in the radiofrequency amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (RASER) effect. Here, we show the utility of RASER to amplify nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of solute and solvent molecules in the liquid state. Specifically, parahydrogen-induced RASER was used to spontaneously enhance nuclear spin polarization of protons and heteronuclei (here 19F and 31P) in a wide range of molecules. The magnitude of the effect correlates with the T1 relaxation time of the target nuclear spins. A series of control experiments validate the through-space dipolar mechanism of the RASER-assisted polarization transfer between the parahydrogen-polarized compound and to-be-hyperpolarized nuclei of the target molecule. Frequency-selective saturation of the RASER-active resonances was used to control the RASER and the amplitude of spontaneous polarization transfer. Spin dynamics simulations support our experimental RASER studies. The enhanced NMR sensitivity may benefit various NMR applications such as mixture analysis, metabolomics, and structure determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg G. Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ivan A. Trofimov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kolja Them
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 14 Leninskiy Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Epasto LM, Honegger P, Che K, Kozak F, Jörg F, Schröder C, Kurzbach D. Nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy in hyperpolarized water - chemical vs. magnetic exchange. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11661-11664. [PMID: 36169286 PMCID: PMC9578288 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03735a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) is a versatile hyperpolarization technique to boost signal intensities in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The possibility to dissolve biomolecules in a hyperpolarized aqueous buffer under mild conditions has recently widened the scope of NMR by dDNP. The water-to-target hyperpolarization transfer mechanisms remain yet unclear, not least due to an often-encountered dilemma of dDNP experiments: The strongly enhanced signal intensities are accompanied by limited structural information as data acquisition is restricted to short time series of only one-dimensional spectra or a single correlation spectrum. Tackling this challenge, we combine dDNP with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and predictions of cross-relaxation rates to unravel the spin dynamics of magnetization flow in hyperpolarized solutions. How to boost NMR signals of non-labile protons in hyperpolarized solutions.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Martina Epasto
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Währingerstr. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria. .,University of Vienna, Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währingerstr. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Honegger
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Computational Biological Chemistry, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kateryna Che
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Währingerstr. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Fanny Kozak
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Währingerstr. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria. .,University of Vienna, Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währingerstr. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Jörg
- University of Vienna, Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währingerstr. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Computational Biological Chemistry, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Schröder
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Computational Biological Chemistry, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Währingerstr. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eichhorn TR, Parker AJ, Josten F, Müller C, Scheuer J, Steiner JM, Gierse M, Handwerker J, Keim M, Lucas S, Qureshi MU, Marshall A, Salhov A, Quan Y, Binder J, Jahnke KD, Neumann P, Knecht S, Blanchard JW, Plenio MB, Jelezko F, Emsley L, Vassiliou CC, Hautle P, Schwartz I. Hyperpolarized Solution-State NMR Spectroscopy with Optically Polarized Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2511-2519. [PMID: 35113568 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear spin hyperpolarization provides a promising route to overcome the challenges imposed by the limited sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance. Here we demonstrate that dissolution of spin-polarized pentacene-doped naphthalene crystals enables transfer of polarization to target molecules via intermolecular cross-relaxation at room temperature and moderate magnetic fields (1.45 T). This makes it possible to exploit the high spin polarization of optically polarized crystals, while mitigating the challenges of its transfer to external nuclei. With this method, we inject the highly polarized mixture into a benchtop NMR spectrometer and observe the polarization dynamics for target 1H nuclei. Although the spectra are radiation damped due to the high naphthalene magnetization, we describe a procedure to process the data to obtain more conventional NMR spectra and extract the target nuclei polarization. With the entire process occurring on a time scale of 1 min, we observe NMR signals enhanced by factors between -200 and -1730 at 1.45 T for a range of small molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna J Parker
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Felix Josten
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Jakob M Steiner
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Martin Gierse
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Michael Keim
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Alastair Marshall
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alon Salhov
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Givat Ram, Israel
| | - Yifan Quan
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jan Binder
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Kay D Jahnke
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Martin B Plenio
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ilai Schwartz
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jeong HJ, Min S, Kim S, Namgoong SK, Jeong K. Hyperpolarization study on remdesivir with its biological reaction monitoring via signal amplification by reversible exchange. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4377-4381. [PMID: 35425403 PMCID: PMC8981083 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00062h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our experiments indicate hyperpolarized proton signals in the entire structure of remdesivir are obtained due to a long-distance polarization transfer by para-hydrogen. SABRE-based biological real-time reaction monitoring, by using a protein enzyme under mild conditions is carried out. It represents the first successful para-hydrogen based hyperpolarization application in biological reaction monitoring. Hyperpolarized proton signals in the entire structure of remdesivir are obtained due to a long-distance polarization transfer by para-hydrogen. Biological real-time reaction monitoring, by using a protein enzyme under mild conditions is carried out.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jeong
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, Seoul 01805, South Korea
| | - Sein Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Sarah Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Sung Keon Namgoong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, Seoul 01805, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jayapaul J, Schröder L. Molecular Sensing with Host Systems for Hyperpolarized 129Xe. Molecules 2020; 25:E4627. [PMID: 33050669 PMCID: PMC7587211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized noble gases have been used early on in applications for sensitivity enhanced NMR. 129Xe has been explored for various applications because it can be used beyond the gas-driven examination of void spaces. Its solubility in aqueous solutions and its affinity for hydrophobic binding pockets allows "functionalization" through combination with host structures that bind one or multiple gas atoms. Moreover, the transient nature of gas binding in such hosts allows the combination with another signal enhancement technique, namely chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Different systems have been investigated for implementing various types of so-called Xe biosensors where the gas binds to a targeted host to address molecular markers or to sense biophysical parameters. This review summarizes developments in biosensor design and synthesis for achieving molecular sensing with NMR at unprecedented sensitivity. Aspects regarding Xe exchange kinetics and chemical engineering of various classes of hosts for an efficient build-up of the CEST effect will also be discussed as well as the cavity design of host molecules to identify a pool of bound Xe. The concept is presented in the broader context of reporter design with insights from other modalities that are helpful for advancing the field of Xe biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kreis F, Wright AJ, Somai V, Katz‐Brull R, Brindle KM. Increasing the sensitivity of hyperpolarized [ 15 N 2 ]urea detection by serial transfer of polarization to spin-coupled protons. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:1844-1856. [PMID: 32153046 PMCID: PMC8629126 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperpolarized 15 N-labeled molecules have been proposed as imaging agents for investigating tissue perfusion and pH. However, the sensitivity of direct 15 N detection is limited by the isotope's low gyromagnetic ratio. Sensitivity can be increased by transferring 15 N hyperpolarization to spin-coupled protons provided that there is not significant polarization loss during transfer. However, complete polarization transfer would limit the temporal window for imaging to the order of the proton T1 (2-3 s). To exploit the long T1 offered by storing polarization in 15 N and the higher sensitivity of 1 H detection, we have developed a pulse sequence for partial polarization transfer. METHODS A polarization transfer pulse sequence was modified to allow partial polarization transfer, as is required for dynamic measurements, and that can be implemented with inhomogeneous B1 fields, as is often the case in vivo. The sequence was demonstrated with dynamic spectroscopy and imaging measurements with [15 N2 ]urea. RESULTS When compared to direct 15 N detection, the sequence increased the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by a factor of 1.72 ± 0.25, where both experiments depleted ~20% of the hyperpolarization (>10-fold when 100% of the hyperpolarization is used). Simulations with measured cross relaxation rates showed that this sequence gave up to a 50-fold increase in urea proton polarization when compared to spontaneous polarization transfer via cross relaxation. CONCLUSION The sequence gave an SNR increase that was close to the theoretical limit and can give a significant SNR benefit when compared to direct 13 C detection of hyperpolarized [13 C]urea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kreis
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Alan J. Wright
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Vencel Somai
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Rachel Katz‐Brull
- Department of RadiologyFaculty of MedicineHadassah Medical CenterHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Kevin M. Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
van Zijl P, Knutsson L. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Technological advances and opportunities for applications continue to abound. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 306:55-65. [PMID: 31377150 PMCID: PMC6703925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the field of in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) has built up an impressive repertoire of data acquisition and analysis technologies for anatomical, functional, physiological, and molecular imaging, the description of which requires many book volumes. As such it is impossible for a few authors to have an authoritative overview of the field and for a brief article to be inclusive. We will therefore focus mainly on data acquisition and attempt to give some insight into the principles underlying current advanced methods in the field and the potential for further innovation. In our view, the foreseeable future is expected to show continued rapid progress, for instance in imaging of microscopic tissue properties in vivo, assessment of functional and anatomical connectivity, higher resolution physiologic and metabolic imaging, and even imaging of receptor binding. In addition, acquisition speed and information content will continue to increase due to the continuous development of approaches for parallel imaging (including simultaneous multi-slice imaging), compressed sensing, and MRI fingerprinting. Finally, artificial intelligence approaches are becoming more realistic and will have a tremendous effect on both acquisition and analysis strategies. Together, these developments will continue to provide opportunity for scientific discovery and, in combination with large data sets from other fields such as genomics, allow the ultimate realization of precision medicine in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter van Zijl
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Linda Knutsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A review on nuclear overhauser enhancement (NOE) and rotating-frame overhauser effect (ROE) NMR techniques in food science: Basic principles and applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
11
|
Kim J, Liu M, Chen HY, Hilty C. Determination of Intermolecular Interactions Using Polarization Compensated Heteronuclear Overhauser Effect of Hyperpolarized Spins. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10982-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Mengxiao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Hsueh-Ying Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hyperpolarized nanodiamond with long spin-relaxation times. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8459. [PMID: 26450570 PMCID: PMC4633625 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of hyperpolarized agents in magnetic resonance, such as 13C-labelled compounds, enables powerful new imaging and detection modalities that stem from a 10,000-fold boost in signal. A major challenge for the future of the hyperpolarization technique is the inherently short spin-relaxation times, typically <60 s for 13C liquid-state compounds, which limit the time that the signal remains boosted. Here we demonstrate that 1.1% natural abundance 13C spins in synthetic nanodiamond can be hyperpolarized at cryogenic and room temperature without the use of free radicals, and, owing to their solid-state environment, exhibit relaxation times exceeding 1 h. Combined with the already established applications of nanodiamonds in the life sciences as inexpensive fluorescent markers and non-cytotoxic substrates for gene and drug delivery, these results extend the theranostic capabilities of nanoscale diamonds into the domain of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance. Hyperpolarized carbon nuclei are promising contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, but typically possess relaxation times below one minute. Here, the authors demonstrate cryogenic and room temperature hyperpolarization of 13C in synthetic nanodiamonds with relaxation times exceeding one hour.
Collapse
|