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Papakonstantinou E, Athanasiadou KI, Markozannes G, Tzotzola V, Bouka E, Baka M, Moschovi M, Polychronopoulou S, Hatzipantelis E, Galani V, Stefanaki K, Strantzia K, Vousvouki M, Kourou P, Magkou E, Nikita M, Zambakides C, Michelarakis J, Alexopoulou A, Gavra M, Malama A, Ntzani EE, Petridou ET. Prognostic factors in high-grade pediatric osteosarcoma among children and young adults: Greek Nationwide Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies and Solid Tumors (NARECHEM-ST) data along with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 90:102551. [PMID: 38447251 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The 5-year overall survival of children and adolescents with osteosarcoma has been in plateau during the last 30 years. The present systematic review (1976-2023) and meta-analysis aimed to explore factors implicated in the prognosis of children and young adults with high-grade osteosarcoma. Original studies including patients ≤30 years and the Nationwide Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies and Solid Tumors (NARECHEM-ST) data (2010-2021) referred to children ≤14 years were analysed. Individual participant data (IPD) and summary estimates were used to assess the n-year survival rates, as well as the association of risk factors with overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). IPD and the n-year survival rates were pooled using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models, and random effects models, respectively. Data from 8412 patients, including 46 publications, NARECHEM-ST data, and 277 IPD from 10 studies were analysed. The summary 5-year OS rate was 64% [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 62%-66%, 37 studies, 6661 patients] and the EFS was 52% (95%CI: 49%-56%, 30 studies, 5010 patients). The survival rates generally differed in the pre-specified subgroups. Limb-salvage surgery showed a higher 5-year OS rate (69%) versus amputation (47%). Good responders had higher OS rates at 3 years (94%) and 5 years (81%), compared to poor responders at 3 years (66%), and 5 years (56%). Patients with metastatic disease had a higher risk of death [Hazard Ratio (HR): 3.60, 95%CI: 2.52, 5.15, 11 studies]. Sex did not have an impact on EFS (HR females/males: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.54, 1.48, 3 studies), whereas age>18 years seems to adversely affect EFS (HR 18+/<10 years: 1.36, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.86, 3 studies). Our results summarize the collective experience on prognostic factors of high-grade osteosarcoma among children and young adults. Poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and metastatic disease at diagnosis were confirmed as primary risk factors of poor outcome. International collaboration of osteosarcoma study groups is essential to improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Papakonstantinou
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Ippokratio General Hospital, 49 Konstantinoupoleos Street, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece.
| | - Kleoniki I Athanasiadou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 80 Vasilisis Sophias Avenue, Athens 11528, Greece.
| | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Tzotzola
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (TAO), Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Livadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Evdoxia Bouka
- Hellenic Society for Social Pediatrics and Health Promotion, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Baka
- Department of Oncology, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou", Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Moschovi
- Haematology-Oncology Unit, First Department of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Sophia Polychronopoulou
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (TAO), Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Livadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Emmanuel Hatzipantelis
- Children's & Adolescents Hematology-Oncology Unit, 2nd Paediatric Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Vasiliki Galani
- Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology Clinic, Children's Hospital "MITERA", Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Stefanaki
- Histopathology Department, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Katerina Strantzia
- Histopathology Department, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Vousvouki
- Childhood & Adolescent Hematology Oncology Unit, 2nd Pediatric Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece
| | - Panagiota Kourou
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, First Department of Pediatrics, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Evgenia Magkou
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Nikita
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Christos Zambakides
- 1st Orthopedic Clinic, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - John Michelarakis
- 2nd Orthopedic Clinic, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Alexopoulou
- Children's & Adolescents Radiotherapy Department, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maro Gavra
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Aghia Sofia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Astero Malama
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Aghia Sofia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Evangelia E Ntzani
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Eleni Th Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, Athens 11527, Greece.
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Hao Z, Yang Y, Xu D, Feng H, Li K, Ji C, Li M, Zhang H. Over-expression of hsa_circ_0088214 suppresses tumor progression by inhibiting Akt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:385. [PMID: 37237370 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the effect of has_circ_0088214 in osteosarcoma cells and corresponding mechanisms. METHODS Osteosarcoma cell line MG63 and U2OS were selected in this study. Wound-healing and matrigel transwell assays were performed to detect migration and invasion capacities. CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell growth and cisplatin resistance. Cell apoptosis was observed by Hoechst 33342 staining after H2O2 induce. Western Blot was used to detect protein expression level. The rescue experiments were also performed using an Akt activator SC79. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0088214 was down-regulated in osteosarcoma cells compared to normal osteoblast cells. Over-expression of has_circ_0088214 significantly reduced osteosarcoma cells invasion, migration and resistance to cisplatin, but the apoptotic ratio was increased. The phosphorylation level of Akt could be regulated by hsa_circ_0088214, and rescue experiments proved Akt signaling pathway took part in above biological processes. CONCLUSION Up-regulation of hsa_circ_0088214 suppresses invasion, migration, cisplatin resistance but promoting apoptosis induced by H2O2 by inhibiting Akt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyong Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbin Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng City, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang K, Wang N, Liu J, Zhou J, Lei S, Yue H, Feng H, Feng K, Kang X. Silencing circular RNA hsa_circABCC1 inhibits osteosarcoma progression through down-regulating HDAC4 via sponging miR-591. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37052456 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to play an important regulatory role in the development of various cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS). However, the role of circRNA ABCC1 (circABCC1) in OS was still poorly understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of circABCC1 in OS progression and its potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS The expression of circABCC1, microRNA-591 (miR-591) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in OS tissues or cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot (WB) analyses. In vitro experiments, the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and autophagy of U2OS and HOS cells were assessed in vitro using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-ethynyl-29-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, flow cytometry (FCM) assay, transwell migration and invasion assays (transwell) and WB assay, respectively. Interactions between circABCC1 and miR-591, miR-591 and HDAC4 were confirmed using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay system. The oncogenic role of circABCC1 in OS in vivo was examined by establishing a tumor xenograft model. RESULTS CircABCC1 was significantly elevated in OS tissues (about 3.1-folds) and cells (U2OS (about 2.1-folds) and HOS (about 2.8-folds)) compared with the control (p < .05). Silencing of circABCC1 significantly reduced the viability and proliferation, promoted apoptosis, impaired migration and invasion, and increased autophagy of U2OS and HOS cells (p < .05). In addition, miR-591 was confirmed to be a target of circABCC1, exerting an opposite effect to circABCC1 (p < .05). MiR-591 attenuation in U2OS and HOS cells was able to reply to the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as promotion of cell apoptosis and autophagy mediated by silencing circABCC1 (p < .05). HDAC4 was verified to be the target gene of miR-591 in U2OS and HOS cells and was regulated by the circABCC1/miR-591 axis (p < .05), and restoration of HDAC4 levels in U2OS and HOS cells was able to restore the altered cellular function caused by silencing circABCC1 (p < .05). In addition, knockdown of circABCC1 attenuated tumor growth in vivo (p < .05). CONCLUSION Silencing of circABCC1 inhibits osteosarcoma progression by attenuating HDAC4 expression through sponging miR-591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuanhu Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haiyuan Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haijun Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Establishment, Maintenance, and Performance of the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051520. [PMID: 36900310 PMCID: PMC10000534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteosarcoma treatment has benefitted greatly from collaborative research. This paper describes the history and accomplishments of the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS), mainly dedicated to clinical questions, as well as remaining challenges. MATERIALS AND METHODS Narrative review of over four decades of uninterrupted collaboration within the multi-national German-Austrian-Swiss COSS group. RESULTS Since its very first prospective osteosarcoma trial starting in 1977, COSS has continuously been able to provide high-level evidence on various tumor- and treatment-related questions. This includes both the cohort of patients enrolled into prospective trials as well as those patients excluded from them for various reasons, followed in a prospective registry. Well over one hundred disease-related publications attest to the group's impact on the field. Despite these accomplishments, challenging problems remain. DISCUSSION Collaborative research within a multi-national study group resulted in better definitions of important aspects of the most common bone tumor, osteosarcoma, and its treatments. Important challenges continue to persist.
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Meng F, Wang L, Gao G, Chen J, Wang X, Wu G, Miu Y. Identification and verification of microRNA signature and key genes in the development of osteosarcoma with lung metastasis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32258. [PMID: 36626488 PMCID: PMC9750666 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a heterogeneous malignant spindle cell tumor in children under the age of 20. This study aims to research the association between Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 8 (SLC7A8) as well as related genes and OS. METHOD OS and normal samples (GSE38698 and GSE85537) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus dataset. The bioinformatics analysis was performed to distinguish 2 differentially expressed genes, prognostic candidate genes and functional enrichment pathway. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR were utilized for further study. RESULTS There were 5 DEMs and 10 differentially expressed genes in cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. According to the km-plot software, ARHGEF3, BSN, PQLC3, and SLC7A8 were significantly related to the overall survival of patients with OS. Furthermore, Multivariate analysis included that SLC7A8 was independent risk factors for OS patients. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR outcomes indicated that the expression level of SLC7A8 and hsa-miR-506 was differentially expressed in lung metastasis OS tissues and non-metastasis tissues. CONCLUSION The prognostic model based on the miRNA-mRNA network could provide predictive significance for prognosis of OS patients, which would be worthy of clinical application. Our results concluded that SLC7A8 may play a key role in the development of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjian Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guangyu Gao
- Department of Oocology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinpeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gaochen Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yiqi Miu
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
- * Correspondence: Yiqi Miu, Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 39 Xiashatang, Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, P.R. China (e-mail: )
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Kaneuchi Y, Yoshida S, Fujiwara T, Evans S, Abudu A. Limb salvage surgery has a higher complication rate than amputation but is still beneficial for patients younger than 10 years old with osteosarcoma of an extremity. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:702-709. [PMID: 35490054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Limb preserving surgery for the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma younger than 10 years old is challenging and some authors have advocated amputation to reduce the risk of complications. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and surgical complications of patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity aged <10 years old who were treated with limb salvage and amputation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective review of patients aged <10 years old who were treated for primary osteosarcoma of bone between 2000 and 2018. RESULTS We analyzed 82 consecutive patients (32 males, 50 females; median age 8, range 3-9 yrs). Limb-salvage surgery (LSS; n = 65, 79%) and amputation (n = 17, 21%) were performed. Fourteen patients had metastasis at surgery. In patients without metastasis at surgery, the metastasis-free and overall survival rates at 5 years following LSS vs. amputation were 75% vs. 58% (p = 0.162) and 71% vs. 55% (p = 0.516), respectively. The 2-year and 5-year OS rates of the LSS and amputation groups of patients with metastasis at surgery were 88% versus 83% and 50% versus 0%, respectively (p = 0.180). The overall complication rates were 46% post-LSS with 31% requiring re-operation versus 12% post-amputation, with 6% requiring re-operation (p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The prognosis of patients with localized osteosarcoma aged <10 years undergoing LSS is similar to those treated with amputation, but LSS is associated with a higher risk of complications and subsequent re-operation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Kaneuchi
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tomohiro Fujiwara
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Scott Evans
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adesegun Abudu
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Kim MS, Bolia IK, Iglesias B, Sharf T, Roberts SI, Kang H, Christ AB, Menendez LR. Timing of treatment in osteosarcoma: challenges and perspectives - a scoping review. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:970. [PMID: 36088295 PMCID: PMC9464396 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The timing of events in the management of osteosarcoma may be critical for patient survivorship; however, the prognostic value of factors such as onset of symptoms or initiation of therapy in these patients has not been studied. This study sought to review the literature reporting treatment of osteosarcoma to determine the utility of event timing as a prognostic indicator. Due to significant heterogeneity in the literature, this study was conducted as a scoping review to assess the current state of the literature, identify strengths and weaknesses in current reporting practices, and to propose avenues for future improvement. MAIN BODY This review screened 312 peer-reviewed studies of osteosarcoma in any anatomic location published in an English journal for reporting of an event timing metric of any kind in a population of 6 or more. Thirty-seven studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria and were assessed for level of evidence, quality, and event timing metric. Reviewers also collated: publication year, population size, population age, tumor site, tumor type, surgical treatment, and adjuvant medical treatment. Extracted event timing data were further characterized using nine standardized categories to enable systematic analysis. The reporting of event timing in the treatment of osteosarcoma was incomplete and heterogenous. Only 37 of 312 (11.9%) screened studies reported event timing in any capacity. The period between patient-reported symptom initiation and definitive diagnosis was the most reported (17/37, 45.9%). Symptom duration was the second most reported period (10/37, 27.0%). Event timing was typically reported incidentally and was never rigorously incorporated into data analysis or discussion. No studies considered the impact of event timing on a primary outcome. The six largest studies were assessed in detail to identify pearls for future researchers. Notable shortcomings included the inadequate reporting of the definition of an event timing period and the pooling of patients into poorly defined timing groups. CONCLUSIONS Inconsistent reporting of event timing in osteosarcoma treatment prevents the development of clinically useful conclusions despite evidence to suggest event timing is a useful prognostic indicator. Consensus guidelines are necessary to improve uniformity and utility in the reporting of event timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo St, HC2 #2000, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Ioanna K Bolia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo St, HC2 #2000, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Brenda Iglesias
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tamara Sharf
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo St, HC2 #2000, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Sidney I Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo St, HC2 #2000, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Hyunwoo Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo St, HC2 #2000, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Alexander B Christ
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo St, HC2 #2000, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Lawrence R Menendez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo St, HC2 #2000, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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Erwin US, Cahyadi SD. Cryosurgery and vascularized fibular graft reconstruction in proximal tibia osteosarcoma in young children: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 89:106568. [PMID: 34826746 PMCID: PMC8632832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteosarcoma epidemiology in children younger than 5-year-old is very rare. Currently, limb salvage surgery becomes the preferred treatment in osteosarcoma. Wide excision using cryosurgery has been reported as an effective and safe procedure for malignant bone tumors. Case report A 5-year-old girl was presented with pain and a lump on her right knee. Physical examination showed a solid circumferential mass in the proximal tibia, with limited range of motion due to mass and pain. Osteoblastic lesion with a discrete margin and narrow transition zone on the proximal tibia from plain radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Histopathological examination suggested osteosarcoma with a giant cell rich osteosarcoma subtype. Three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was conducted with cisplatin, ifosfamide, and adriamycin. We performed limb salvage surgery by wide excision with cryosurgery and vascularized fibular graft reconstruction. Wide excision was performed with the respect to preserve the epiphyseal plate. The proximal tibia segment was recycled using liquid nitrogen and re-implanted, fixed with a locking 2.7 mm T-plate and a straight reconstruction 2.7 mm reconstruction plate. Vascularized fibular graft was used to fill the bone defect on the medial side. Post-operative radiograph showed the plate and screws are well-fixated and the post-operative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of conventional osteosarcoma HUVOS I. There was no post-operative complication observed, and the functional outcome was good. Conclusions Cryosurgery and vascularized fibular graft is a viable reconstructive option for proximal tibia osteosarcoma in very young children. Osteosarcoma in a very young child is rare. Few cases of osteosarcoma in very young child treated with cryosurgery Wide excision with cryosurgery and vascularized fibular graft reconstruction showed excellent functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uno Surgery Erwin
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.
| | - Sigit Daru Cahyadi
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Persahabatan General Hospital, Indonesia
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Maleki Dana P, Sadoughi F, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Anti-cancer properties of quercetin in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:349. [PMID: 34225730 PMCID: PMC8256549 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary bone tumor. Although it is a rare disease in general, it is the most common primary bone tumor among children. Despite the significant advances made in the field of osteosarcoma treatment, the outcomes of this disease are still unfavorable. Besides, there is still no targeted therapy for osteosarcoma that can be used in clinical settings. Quercetin is a member of the phytochemical family which is used for different diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Its anti-cancer effects are examined in many types of cancer including breast, colon, lung, prostate, and pancreatic cancers and have shown promising results. Herein, the studies dealing with the antitumor roles of quercetin in osteosarcoma are reviewed in this article. We take a look into quercetin's ability to affect proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and chemo-resistance of the osteosarcoma cells through regulating protein expression and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. of Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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10
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Gutiérrez LM, Valenzuela Alvarez M, Yang Y, Spinelli F, Cantero MJ, Alaniz L, García MG, Kleinerman ES, Correa A, Bolontrade MF. Up-regulation of pro-angiogenic molecules and events does not relate with an angiogenic switch in metastatic osteosarcoma cells but to cell survival features. Apoptosis 2021; 26:447-459. [PMID: 34024019 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent malignant bone tumor, affecting predominantly children. Metastases represent a major clinical challenge and an estimated 80% would present undetectable micrometastases at diagnosis. The identification of metastatic traits and molecules would impact in micrometastasis management. We demonstrated that OS LM7 metastatic cells secretome was able to induce microvascular endothelium cell rearrangements, an angiogenic-related trait. A proteomic analysis indicated a gain in angiogenic-related pathways in these cells, as compared to their parental-non-metastatic OS SAOS2 cells counterpart. Further, factors with proangiogenic functions like VEGF and PDGF were upregulated in LM7 cells. However, no differential angiogenic response was induced by LM7 cells in vivo. Regulation of the Fas-FasL axis is key for OS cells to colonize the lungs in this model. Analysis of the proteomic data with emphasis in apoptosis pathways and related processes revealed that the percentage of genes associated with those, presented similar levels in SAOS2 and LM7 cells. Further, the balance of expression levels of proteins with pro- and antiapoptotic functions in both cell types was subtle. Interestingly and of relevance to the model, Fas associated Factor 1 (FAF1), which participates in Fas signaling, was present in LM7 cells and was not detected in SAOS2 cells. The subtle differences in apoptosis-related events and molecules, together with the reported cell-survival functions of the identified angiogenic factors and the increased survival features that we observed in LM7 cells, suggest that the gain in angiogenesis-related pathways in metastatic OS cells would relate to a prosurvival switch rather to an angiogenic switch as an advantage feature to colonize the lungs. OS metastatic cells also displayed higher adhesion towards microvascular endothelium cells suggesting an advantage for tissue colonization. A gain in angiogenesis pathways and molecules does not result in major angiogenic potential. Together, our results suggest that metastatic OS cells would elicit signaling associated to a prosurvival phenotype, allowing homing into the hostile site for metastasis. During the gain of metastatic traits process, cell populations displaying higher adhesive ability to microvascular endothelium, negative regulation of the Fas-FasL axis in the lung parenchyma and a prosurvival switch, would be selected. This opens a new scenario where antiangiogenic treatments would affect cell survival rather than angiogenesis, and provides a molecular panel of expression that may help in distinguishing OS cells with different metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Gutiérrez
- Remodeling Processes and Cellular Niches Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB) - CONICET - Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Potosí 4240, C1199ACL, CABA, Argentina
| | - Matías Valenzuela Alvarez
- Remodeling Processes and Cellular Niches Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB) - CONICET - Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Potosí 4240, C1199ACL, CABA, Argentina
| | - Yuanzheng Yang
- Division of Pediatrics and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit #853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - María José Cantero
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- CITNOBA CONICET-UNNOBA, Jorge Newbery 261, B6000, Junín, Argentina
| | - Mariana G García
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eugenie S Kleinerman
- Division of Pediatrics and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit #853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Marcela F Bolontrade
- Remodeling Processes and Cellular Niches Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB) - CONICET - Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Potosí 4240, C1199ACL, CABA, Argentina.
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11
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Chen X, Wang G, Mohammed Alsayed AM, Du Z, Lu Liu, Ma Y, Liu P, Zhang Q, Chen X, Chen W, Ye F, Zheng X, Liu Z. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel N-substituted benzamides as anti-migration agents for treatment of osteosarcoma. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113203. [PMID: 33530028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of novel N-substituted (indole or indazole) benzamides were synthesized, and their anti-tumor properties were evaluated. The majority of tested compounds possessed moderate cytotoxicity, but inspiringly, we verified that active compound 5d presents an astonishing advantage by inhibiting the adhesion, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma (OS) cells in vitro. Mechanistically, we confirmed 5d inhibited the migration ability of OS cells via the expression of genes related to adhesion, migration, and invasion. This effects of 5d suggest that it can be used as a potential chemotherapeutic drug to some aggressive and/or metastatic cancers, as well as in combination with other clinical anti-cancer drugs. In turn, this could enhance the therapeutic effect or reduce the risk of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Guangbao Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ali Mohammed Mohammed Alsayed
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Zongxuan Du
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xianxin Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Faqing Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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12
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Scaffold-based 3D cellular models mimicking the heterogeneity of osteosarcoma stem cell niche. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22294. [PMID: 33339857 PMCID: PMC7749131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The failure of the osteosarcoma conventional therapies leads to the growing need for novel therapeutic strategies. The lack of specificity for the Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) population has been recently identified as the main limitation in the current therapies. Moreover, the traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro models, employed in the drug testing and screening as well as in the study of cell and molecular biology, are affected by a poor in vitro-in vivo translation ability. To overcome these limitations, this work provides two tumour engineering approaches as new tools to address osteosarcoma and improve therapy outcomes. In detail, two different hydroxyapatite-based bone-mimicking scaffolds were used to recapitulate aspects of the in vivo tumour microenvironment, focusing on CSCs niche. The biological performance of human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG63 and SAOS-2) and enriched-CSCs were deeply analysed in these complex cell culture models. The results highlight the fundamental role of the tumour microenvironment proving the mimicry of osteosarcoma stem cell niche by the use of CSCs together with the biomimetic scaffolds, compared to conventional 2D culture systems. These advanced 3D cell culture in vitro tumour models could improve the predictivity of preclinical studies and strongly enhance the clinical translation.
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13
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Maleki Dana P, Hallajzadeh J, Asemi Z, Mansournia MA, Yousefi B. Chitosan applications in studying and managing osteosarcoma. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:321-329. [PMID: 33310094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma has a high prevalence among children and adolescents. Common treatments of this disease are not promising enough. Molecular processes involved in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma are not fully understood. Besides, the remnants of tumor cells after surgery can cause bone destruction and recurrence of the disease. Thus, there is a need to develop novel drugs or enhancing the currently-used drugs as well as identifying bone-repairing methods. Chitosan is a natural compound produced by the deacetylation of chitin. Research has shown that chitosan can be used in various fields due to its beneficial effects, such as biodegradability and biocompatibility. Regarding cancer, chitosan exerts several anti-tumor activities. Moreover, it can be used in diagnostic techniques, drug delivery systems, and cell culture methods. Herein, we aim to discuss the potential roles of chitosan in studying and treating osteosarcoma. We review the literature on chitosan's applications as a drug delivery system and how it can be combined with other substances to improve its ability of local drug delivery. We take a look into the studies concerning the possible benefits of chitosan in the field of bone tissue engineering and 3D culturing. Furthermore, anti-cancer activities of different compounds of chitosan are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Qiu C, Su W, Shen N, Qi X, Wu X, Wang K, Li L, Guo Z, Tao H, Wang G, Chen B, Xiang H. MNAT1 promotes proliferation and the chemo-resistance of osteosarcoma cell to cisplatin through regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1187. [PMID: 33272245 PMCID: PMC7713032 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MNAT1 (menage a trois 1, MAT1), a cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase (CAK) complex, highly expressed in diverse cancers and was involved in cancer molecular pathogenesis. However, its deliverance profile and biological function in osteosarcoma (OS) remain unclear. Methods The expression of MNAT1 in OS was detected by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The potential relationship between MNAT1 molecular level expression and OS clinical expectations were analyzed according to tissues microarray (TMA). Proliferation potential of OS cells was evaluated in vitro based on CCK8 and OS cells colony formation assays, while OS cells transwell and in situ tissue source wound healing assays were employed to analyze the OS cells invasion and migration ability in vitro. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to detect tumor growth in vivo. In addition, ordinary bioinformatics analysis and experimental correlation verification were performed to investigate the underlying regulation mechanism of OS by MNAT1. Results In this research, we found and confirmed that MNAT1 was markedly over-expressed in OS tissue derived in situ, also, highly MNAT1 expression was closely associated with bad clinical expectations. Functional studies had shown that MNAT1 silencing could weaken the invasion, migration and proliferation of OS cells in vitro, and inhibit OS tumor growth in vivo. Mechanism study indicated that MNAT1 contributed to the progression of OS via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. We further verified that the MNAT1 was required in the regulation of OS chemo-sensitivity to cisplatin (DDP). Conclusions Taken together, the data of the present study demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism of MNAT1 involved in the formation of DDP resistance of OS cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-020-07687-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chensheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (Group), Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Weiliang Su
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Nana Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xiaoying Qi
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Zhu Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Hao Tao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Guanrong Wang
- Department of Operation Room, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Bohua Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Hongfei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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15
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Liu JF, Chen PC, Chang TM, Hou CH. Thrombospondin-2 stimulates MMP-9 production and promotes osteosarcoma metastasis via the PLC, PKC, c-Src and NF-κB activation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12826-12839. [PMID: 33021341 PMCID: PMC7686970 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an extremely common primary bone malignancy that is highly metastatic, with most deaths resulting from pulmonary metastases. The extracellular matrix protein thrombospondin‐2 (TSP‐2) is key to many biological processes, such as inflammation, wound repair and tissue remodelling. However, it is unclear as to what biological role TSP‐2 plays in human metastatic osteosarcoma. The immunochemistry analysis from osteosarcoma specimens identified marked up‐regulation of TSP‐2 in late‐stage osteosarcoma. Furthermore, we found that TSP‐2 increased the levels of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP‐9) expression and thereby increased the migratory potential of human osteosarcoma cells. Osteosarcoma cells pre‐treated with an MMP‐9 monoclonal antibody (mAb), an MMP‐9 inhibitor, or transfected with MMP‐9 small interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced the capacity of TSP‐2 to potentiate cell migration. TSP‐2 treatment activated the PLCβ, PKCα, c‐Src and nuclear kappa factor B (NF‐κB) signalling pathways, while the specific siRNA, inhibitors and mutants of these cascades reduced TSP‐2‐induced stimulation of migration activity. Knockdown of TSP‐2 expression markedly reduced cell metastasis in cellular and animal experiments. It appears that an interaction between TSP‐2 and integrin αvβ3 activates the PLCβ, PKCα and c‐Src signalling pathways and subsequently activates NF‐κB signalling, increasing MMP‐9 expression and stimulating migratory activity amongst human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Fang Liu
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Chang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
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16
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Wang X, Li C, Yao W, Tian Z, Liu Z, Ge H. MicroRNA-761 suppresses tumor progression in osteosarcoma via negatively regulating ALDH1B1. Life Sci 2020; 262:118544. [PMID: 33035586 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Our previous study has demonstrated that high expression of ALDH1B1 promoted osteosarcoma tumor progression and was correlated with unfavorable prognosis in osteosarcoma patients. In the current study, we investigated the underlying mechanism and regulation of ALDH1B1 in osteosarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS qRT-PCR assay was applied to detect miR-761 expression. CCK-8, colony formation and EdU assays were conducted to explore the functional role of miR-761/ALDH1B1 axis in osteosarcoma. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay was utilized to assess the regulation between miR-761 and ALDH1B1. Mechanism experiments were implemented to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-761/ALDH1B1 axis. KEY FINDINGS ALDH1B1 was negatively regulated by microRNA-761 (miR-761). Functionally, miR-761 suppressed cell growth, migration, and invasion in osteosarcoma via targeting ALDH1B1 in vitro. Xenograft tumor model demonstrated that miR-761 inhibited osteosarcoma tumor development in vivo through regulating ALDH1B1. Consistently, we showed that miR-761 expression was decreased in osteosarcoma patients and low expression of miR-761 was correlated with worse prognosis in osteosarcoma patients. Mechanistically, we revealed that high expression of ALDH1B1 was significantly associated with enhanced TGF-β signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell adhesion. Furthermore, miR-761 regulated TGF-β and EMT/cell adhesion in osteosarcoma via targeting ALDH1B1. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, our findings suggest that the oncogenic ALDH1B1 is regulated by miR-761 during osteosarcoma development and progression, which might provide a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Weitao Yao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Zhichao Tian
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
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17
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LncRNA MALAT1 facilitates lung metastasis of osteosarcomas through miR-202 sponging. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12757. [PMID: 32728178 PMCID: PMC7391763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lungs are the primary metastatic sites for osteosarcomas responsible for associated mortality. Recent data has documented role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in proliferation and growth of osteosarcoma cells. We evaluated a role of lncRNAs in the lung metastasis of osteosarcoma with the goal of identifying a unique signature. Comparison of different lncRNAs in tumor samples from osteosarcoma with and without lung metastasis led to identification of MALAT1 as the most differentially upregulated lncRNA in the osteosarcoma patients with lung metastasis. MALAT1 was also high in osteosarcoma cells KRIB and MALAT1’s targeted downregulation in these cells led to decreased invasive potential and identification of miR-202 as the miRNA that is sponged by MALAT1. In the lung metastasis in vivo model, parental KRIB cells metastasized to lungs and such metastasis was significantly inhibited in KRIB cells with downregulated MALAT1. Ectopic miR-202 expression attenuated KRIB downregulation-mediated effects on lung metastasis. In yet another in vivo model involving parental SAOS-2 and lung-metastatic derivatives SAOS-2-LM, MALAT1 expression was found to be elevated in lung metastatic cells, which also correlated with reduced miR-202. In conclusion, MALAT1-miR-202 represents a potential lncRNA-miRNA signature that affects lung metastasis of osteosarcomas and could potentially be targeted for therapy.
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18
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Yuan P, Zhou Y, Wang R, Chen S, Wang Q, Xu Z, Liu Y, Yang H. TRIM58 Interacts with Pyruvate Kinase M2 to Inhibit Tumorigenicity in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8450606. [PMID: 32219144 PMCID: PMC7081029 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8450606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripartite motif containing 58 (TRIM58), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is reported as a suppressor gene in certain human tumors. However, the biological function of TRIM58 in osteosarcoma (OS) is still less identified. METHODS In the present study, TRIM58 induced silencing and overexpression in OS cells using RNA interference (RNAi) and lentiviral-mediated vector, respectively. Cell proliferation profiles were analyzed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis profiles were determined using a flow cytometer. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to determine gene expression. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was used to examine protein interaction. RESULTS Our results demonstrated TRIM58 was downregulated in human OS tissues. Overexpression of TRIM58 remarkably suppressed the growth of OS cells and decreased glucose transportation and lactate secretion. These results indicated that TRIM58 involved in the regulation of energy metabolism in OS cells. Importantly, TRIM58 interacted with pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in OS cells. Moreover, TRIM58 might inhibit the activity of PKM2 through enhancing its polyubiquitination in OS cells. CONCLUSIONS This analysis not only explored a deep understanding of the biological function of TRIM58 but also indicated its signaling pathway in OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Yiyi Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Shayang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Zhujie Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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19
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Zhao X, Li J, Yu D. MicroRNA-939-5p directly targets IGF-1R to inhibit the aggressive phenotypes of osteosarcoma through deactivating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1833-1843. [PMID: 31545400 PMCID: PMC6777675 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of microRNA‑939‑5p (miR‑939) is involved in the development of multiple types of human cancer. However, the expression and roles of miR‑939 in osteosarcoma (OS) have yet to be clarified. The expression level of miR‑939 in OS was measured using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). A Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, flow cytometry analysis, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and a tumor xenograft assay were employed to explore the effects of miR‑939 in OS cells. Bioinformatics analysis, RT‑qPCR, western blot analysis and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore its underlying mechanism. Expression of miR‑939 was decreased in both OS tissues and cell lines. The decreased miR‑939 expression was notably correlated with clinical stage and distant metastasis in patients with OS, where low miR‑939 levels were correlated with lower overall survival. miR‑939 overexpression decreased OS cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro; induced cell apoptosis, and impaired tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‑1R) was characterized as direct target gene of miR‑939 in OS. The tumor‑suppressing effects of miR‑939 in OS cells were imitated by IGF‑1R knockdown. In addition, exogenous IGF‑1R expression abolished the tumor suppressive roles of miR‑939 in OS cells. miR‑939 was implicated in the deactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in OS in vitro and in vivo through regulating IGF‑1R expression. The present study demonstrated that miR‑939 exerted tumor‑suppressing roles in the malignancy of OS cells by directly targeting IGF‑1R and inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, this miRNA may be a promising target for anticancer therapy in patients with OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwu Zhao
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Fourth People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Dapeng Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
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20
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ABCG1 and Pgp identify drug resistant, self-renewing osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Lett 2019; 453:142-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Osteosarcoma in a Child Below 2 Years of Age: Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 41:410-412. [PMID: 30303869 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma in children below the age of 5 is extremely rare. OBSERVATION We report on a previously well 14-month-old male infant, who presented with a reluctance to weight-bear on his right leg and had an associated limp. Plain imaging and a magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated a lytic lesion in the right distal femur. An open surgical biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. There was no significant family history of cancer and genetic screening for Li-Fraumeni syndrome was negative. CONCLUSIONS This case highlights the importance of timely consideration of osteosarcoma in an infant, when the clinical presentation and medical imaging are consistent with that diagnosis.
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Down-regulation of microRNA-31-5p inhibits proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by enhancing AXIN1. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 108:32-41. [PMID: 30844369 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, the role of microRNA-31-5p (miR-31-5p) in gene expression regulation has been reported in various cancers. Studies have shown that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Therefore, this study aims to probe into the regulatory role of miR-31-5p targeting AXIN1 in OS cells through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. METHODS Firstly, microarray expression profiles were used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs associated with OS. Next, OS and normal fibrous connective tissues as well as OS cell lines were obtained for investigating the role of miR-31-5p on OS. Then, the putative binding sites between miR-31-5p and AXIN1 were predicted and verified. The regulatory effects of miR-31-5p on proliferation and invasion as well as tumorigenic potential of OS cells targeting AXIN1 were also analyzed. Besides, the relationship between miR-31-5p and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was assessed by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS The microarray dataset GSE63939 showed that miR-31-5p and AXIN1 were involved in OS. miR-31-5p expression increased while the expression of AXIN1 decreased in OS tissues and cells. AXIN1 was identified as a target gene of miR-31-5p, intense expression of which inhibited the transcription of AXIN1. Down-regulated miR-31-5p suppressed proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity of OS cells through promoting AXIN1. Decreased miR-31-5p activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, as reflected by increased β-catenin translocation into nuclei, through up-regulating the transcription of AXIN1. CONCLUSIONS All in all, repression of miR-31-5p targets AXIN1 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus suppressing proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity of OS cells.
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Feng C, Gong R, Zheng Q, Yan G, He M, Lei H, Li X, Zhang L, Xu Z, Liu S, Yu M, Ma T, Gao M, Bamba D, Idiiatullina E, Zagidullin N, Pavlov V, Xu C, Yuan Y, Yang L. Synergistic anti-tumor effects of arsenic trioxide and blue LED irradiation on human osteosarcoma. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:386-394. [PMID: 30745828 PMCID: PMC6367547 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been well recognized as an anti-tumor agent for various human cancers. Recently, the blue light emitting diodes (LEDs)-based therapy has also been demonstrated to be potential therapeutic strategies for several cancers. However, the combination effects of ATO and blue LED on tumor suppression are still unclear. In this study, we determined whether combination of ATO and blue LED irradiation at 470 nm in wavelength exhibited superior anti-tumor activity in human osteosarcoma (OS). We observed that combination treatments of ATO and blue LED much more significantly decreased the percentages of proliferative cells, and increased apoptotic rate compared with any single treatments in U-2 OS cells. Furthermore, we found suppression of cell migration and invasion were much more pronounced in ATO plus blue LED treated group than single treated groups. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay and immunostaining of γ-H2A.X and p53 indicated that the combined treatments resulted in further markedly increases in ROS accumulation, DNA damage and p53 activity. Taken together, our study demonstrated synergistical anti-tumor effects of combined treatments of ATO and blue LED on human OS cells, which were associated with an increased ROS accumulation, DNA damaged mediated p53 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qiuyan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Gege Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Mingyu He
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xingda Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zihang Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shenzhen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Meixi Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tianshuai Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Manqi Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Djibril Bamba
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Elina Idiiatullina
- Central Laboratory of Scientific Research, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russia
| | - Naufal Zagidullin
- Central Laboratory of Scientific Research, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russia
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Central Laboratory of Scientific Research, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russia
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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24
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La Noce M, Paino F, Mele L, Papaccio G, Regad T, Lombardi A, Papaccio F, Desiderio V, Tirino V. HDAC2 depletion promotes osteosarcoma's stemness both in vitro and in vivo: a study on a putative new target for CSCs directed therapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:296. [PMID: 30509303 PMCID: PMC6276256 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in cancer initiation, progression and chemoresistance. Epigenetic alterations have been identified as prominent factors that contribute to the CSCs phenotype. Here, we investigated the effects of the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) and the demethylating agent, 5’azacytidine (DAC) on the stem phenotype of MG63 and Saos2 osteosarcoma cell lines. Methods Saos2 and MG63 cells were treated with DAC and VPA, alone and in combination. Untreated and treated cells were examined for stemness phenotype by cytometry and real-time PCR. Sarcospheres and colonies formation were also evaluated. Moreover, histone modification and methylation were tested by flow cytomery and western blotting. HDAC2 depleted cells were examined for stemness phenotype and their ability to generate tumors in NOD/SCID IL2R-gamma-0 (NSG) mice. HDAC2 expression on human osteosarcoma tissues was evaluated. Results We found that DAC and VPA induce an increased expression of stem markers including CD133, OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG, and an increased ability in sarcospheres and colonies formation efficiency. Interestingly, we showed that DAC and VPA treatment decreased repressive histone markers, while increased the active ones. These histone modifications were also associated with an increase of acetylation of histones H3, a decrease of DNA global methylation, HDAC2 and DNMT3a. Furthermore, HDAC2 silenced-MG63 and Saos2 cells acquired a stem phenotype, and promoted in vivo tumorigenesis. In human osteosarcoma tissues, HDAC2 was strongly expressed in nucleus. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest that VPA and DAC induce an expansion of osteosarcoma CSCs, and we report for the first time that HDAC2 is a key factor regulating both CSCs phenotype and in vivo cancer growth. In conclusion, we have identified HDAC2 as a potential therapeutic target in human osteosarcoma treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0978-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella La Noce
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Biotecnologie, Istologia Medica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, via L. Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Paino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Commenda,10, 20122, Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Mele
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Biotecnologie, Istologia Medica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, via L. Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Papaccio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Biotecnologie, Istologia Medica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, via L. Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Tarik Regad
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Via L. De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Papaccio
- Dipartimento Medico-Chirurgico di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F. Magrassi", Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", via S. Pansini-Cappella Cangiani, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Biotecnologie, Istologia Medica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, via L. Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Tirino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Biotecnologie, Istologia Medica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, via L. Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy.
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Guo J, Liu Q, Li Z, Guo H, Bai C, Wang F. miR-222-3p promotes osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion through targeting TIMP3. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8643-8653. [PMID: 30584323 PMCID: PMC6284535 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s175745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal expression of miRNAs has been reported in osteosarcoma (OS), and miR-222-3p levels have been found to be increased in the serum of OS patients. However, the exact role of miR-222-3p in OS remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to identify the molecular mechanism underlying the role of miR-222-3p in the development of OS. METHODS We examined the expression level of miR-222-3p in OS tissues and OS cells using reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. MTT, colony formation, and transwell invasion assays were used to analyze the effects of miR-222-3p on the proliferation and invasion ability of OS cells. Luciferase reporter gene assays were used to confirm the target gene of miR-222-3p in OS cells. Tumor xenografts were then used to investigate the role of miR-222-3p in OS growth in vivo. RESULTS The data of the present study demonstrated that miR-222-3p levels were increased in OS tissues and OS cells. Downregulation of miR-222-3p significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells in vitro. Further analysis revealed that tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3) is one of the functional target genes of miR-222-3p, and inhibition of TIMP3 efficiently rescues the blocking of cell proliferation and invasion mediated by miR-222-3p inhibitor in OS cells. CONCLUSION Our findings constitute evidence that miR-222-3p promotes OS cell proliferation and invasion through targeting TIMP3 mRNA and provide novel insight into the mechanism underlying the development of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, PR China,
| | - Quanxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, PR China,
| | - Zengxin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, PR China,
| | - Haifeng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, PR China,
| | - Changshuang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, PR China,
| | - Fajia Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, PR China,
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Zhang F, Zhu Y, Fan G, Hu S. MicroRNA-2682-3p inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation by targeting CCND2, MMP8 and Myd88. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3359-3364. [PMID: 30127935 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in children and young adults. It is associated with dysregulation of certain microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), which provides a target for osteosarcoma therapy. miR-2682-3p expression in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues was assayed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and was upregulated or downregulated by transfection with miRNA mimics or inhibitors. miR-2682-3p was downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, and overexpression of miR-2682-3p inhibited tumor growth. Further studies revealed that cyclin D1 (CCND)2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)8, and myeloid differentiation primary response (Myd)88 were the direct targets of miR-2682-3p in osteosarcoma cells. Overexpression of miR-2682-3p promoted osteosarcoma cell apoptosis by targeting CCND2, MMP8, and Myd88, and vice-versa. Therefore, miR-2682-3p may act as a tumor suppressor gene, the downregulation of which contributed to the progression and metastasis of osteosarcoma, to provide a potential therapy target for patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Guoxin Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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Proton therapy for pediatric malignancies: Fact, figures and costs. A joint consensus statement from the pediatric subcommittee of PTCOG, PROS and EPTN. Radiother Oncol 2018; 128:44-55. [PMID: 29937209 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of childhood cancer, with the primary aim of achieving the highest likelihood of cure with the lowest risk of radiation-induced morbidity. Proton therapy (PT) provides an undisputable advantage by reducing the radiation 'bath' dose delivered to non-target structures/volume while optimally covering the tumor with tumoricidal dose. This treatment modality comes, however, with an additional costs compared to conventional radiotherapy that could put substantial financial pressure to the health care systems with societal implications. In this review we assess the data available to the oncology community of PT delivered to children with cancer, discuss on the urgency to develop high-quality data. Additionally, we look at the advantage of combining systemic agents with protons and look at the cost-effectiveness data published so far.
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28
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Misaghi A, Goldin A, Awad M, Kulidjian AA. Osteosarcoma: a comprehensive review. SICOT J 2018; 4:12. [PMID: 29629690 PMCID: PMC5890448 DOI: 10.1051/sicotj/2017028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a relatively rare tumor of bone with a worldwide incidence of 3.4 cases per million people per year. For most of the twentieth century, five-year survival rates for classic OS were very low. In the 1970s, the introduction of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of OS increased survival rates dramatically. The current article reviews the various types of OS and analyzes the clinical and histological features. We also examine historical and current literature to present a succinct review of methods for diagnosis and staging, as well as treatment, and we also discuss some of the future directions of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Misaghi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Goldin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Moayd Awad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA - School of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna A Kulidjian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in Egypt. Ezrin is involved in cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix and in cell-cell interactions facilitating metastasis. HER2/neu is overexpressed in breast cancer and other types of cancer. This study aimed to assess the expression of ezrin and HER2/neu in 57 primary osteosarcoma cases and to correlate their expression with the available clinicopathologic parameters and the overall, metastasis-free and event-free survival. Both ezrin and HER2/neu were not expressed in the normal bone and they were upregulated in 82.5% and 71.9% of osteosarcoma, respectively. Positive ezrin expression was significantly associated with young age (below 25 y) (P=0.01), high grade (P=0.001), and short survival time (P=0.0001). Positive HER2/neu expression was significantly associated with high-grade osteosarcoma (P=0.04). Membranous HER2/neu expression was the only factor that showed significant impact on metastasis-free (P=0.002) and event-free survival (P=0.002). Ezrin was significantly correlated with HER2/neu expression (P=0.02). Advanced stage (P=0.0001), metastasis (P=0.0001), and recurrence (P=0.01) were the factors affecting the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Ezrin and HER2/neu are overexpressed and coexpressed in osteosarcoma with adverse prognostic features such as high grade. Membranous pattern of HER2/neu seems to be more important than the cytoplasmic pattern because of its impact on metastasis-free and event-free survival. Therefore, ezrin and HER2/neu could be potential prognostic markers and treatment targets for osteosarcoma.
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Cepeda MDLÁ, Sosa AJ, Mora G. [Telangiectatic osteosarcoma in an infant]. BOLETIN MEDICO DEL HOSPITAL INFANTIL DE MEXICO 2017; 74:60-64. [PMID: 29364816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is one of the most common types of cancer in childhood and adolescence and it is the most common malignant bone tumor in this group of age. Osteosarcoma is frequently found in long bones of the extremities. There are very few cases described in children under 5 years of age, and according to this review, none in infants. The telangiectatic variant is uncommon, and there are no reported cases before preschool age. CASE REPORT A 10-month-old female infant with a lithic tumor of the ninth right rib, which was classified after resection as a telangiectatic osteosarcoma, is presented. CONCLUSIONS Telangiectatic osteosarcoma in the pediatric age is very uncommon. To date, the patient has presented good response to treatment, although the prognosis and survival of this condition is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Glenda Mora
- Hospital Roberto Gilbert, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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31
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor, is defined by the presence of malignant mesenchymal cells producing osteoid or immature bone. The peak incidence of the most frequent type of OS, i.e., high-grade central OS, occurs in the second decade of life during the adolescent growth spurt. Most patients suffer from the pain and swelling in the involved region and, usually, seek medical attention. Diagnosis is carried out by conventional radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance image (MRI). In addition, three-phase bone scans, thallium scintigraphy, dynamic MRI, and positron emission spectroscopy are new innovative promising tools. OS can be treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. There is a clear need for newer effective agents for patients with OS, especially for patients who afflicted with metastatic and recurrence tumor. Monoclonal antibodies directed against OS may prove useful as treatment, either for drug delivery or for radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shachi Jain Taran
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Postgraduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Taran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Postgraduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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He YT, Zhang QM, Kou QC, Tang B. In vitro generation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte response using dendritic cell immunotherapy in osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1101-1106. [PMID: 27446401 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) is one of the breakthrough strategies used in the treatment of cancer. However, DC-based immunotherapies for osteosarcoma are limited. In the present study, preclinical studies of a C3H osteosarcoma mouse model (produced by subcutaneous injection of LM8 murine osteosarcoma cells) validated the concept that LM8 cell lysate-pulsed bone marrow-derived DCs may evoke a more potent immune response compared with DCs that have been matured using polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). A cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response was established using two groups of C3H mice (n=9) with osteosarcoma; the treatment group consisted of LM8 cell lysate-pulsed DCs and the control group consisted of DCs matured using poly I:C. Each group was immunized with doses of 1×106 cells twice per week for 3 weeks. No difference in the expression of cluster of differentiation markers was identified in the two groups. DCs pulsed with LM8 cell lysate were associated with the increased induction of CTL activity. Serum interferon-γ levels were increased in mice that received DCs pulsed with LM8 cell lysate compared with that in the poly I:C-matured DC group (P<0.041). Serum interleukin-4 was decreased in the treatment group vs. the control group (P<0.033). A mixed lymphocyte reaction assay confirmed that LM8-DC immunotherapy may evoke a significant antigen-specific immune response in a mouse model. The present study reveals promising data on efficacy of a DC-based immunotherapy in the treatment of osteosarcoma; however, further clinical studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Teng He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Province Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Min Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Chun Kou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanling Chinese Medicine Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 277700, P.R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
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Gerrand C, Athanasou N, Brennan B, Grimer R, Judson I, Morland B, Peake D, Seddon B, Whelan J. UK guidelines for the management of bone sarcomas. Clin Sarcoma Res 2016; 6:7. [PMID: 27148438 PMCID: PMC4855334 DOI: 10.1186/s13569-016-0047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This document is an update of the British Sarcoma Group guidelines published in 2010. The aim is to provide a reference standard for the clinical care of patients in the UK with bone sarcomas. Recent recommendations by the European Society of Medical Oncology, The National Comprehensive Cancer Network and The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence have been incorporated, and the literature since 2010 reviewed. The standards represent a consensus amongst British Sarcoma Group members in 2015. It is acknowledged that these guidelines will need further updates as care evolves. The key recommendations are that bone pain or a palpable mass should always lead to further investigation and that patients with clinico-radiological findings suggestive of a primary bone tumour at any site in the skeleton should be referred to a specialist centre and managed by a fully accredited bone sarcoma multidisciplinary team. Treatment recommendations are provided for the major tumour types and for localised, metastatic and recurrent disease. Follow up schedules are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Gerrand
- />Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN UK
| | | | | | - Robert Grimer
- />Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, B31 2AP UK
| | | | - Bruce Morland
- />Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, B4 6NH UK
| | - David Peake
- />Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2TH UK
| | | | | | - On behalf of the British Sarcoma Group
- />Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN UK
- />Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
- />Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, M13 9WL UK
- />Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, B31 2AP UK
- />The Royal Marsden, Sutton, SM2 5PT UK
- />Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, B4 6NH UK
- />Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2TH UK
- />University College Hospital, London, NW1 2PG UK
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Kawano M, Tanaka K, Itonaga I, Iwasaki T, Miyazaki M, Ikeda S, Tsumura H. Dendritic cells combined with anti-GITR antibody produce antitumor effects in osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1995-2001. [PMID: 26239052 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We attempted to enhance the antitumor effects of tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells by eliminating regulatory T cells. The combinatorial effects of dendritic cells and agonist anti-glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (anti-GITR) antibodies were investigated with respect to enhancement of the systemic immune response, elimination of regulatory T cells, and inhibition of tumor growth. To determine whether the combination of dendritic cells and anti‑GITR antibodies could enhance systemic immune responses and inhibit primary tumor growth in a murine osteosarcoma (LM8) model. We established the following 4 groups of C3H mice (20 mice in total): i), control IgG-treated mice; ii), tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell‑treated mice; iii), agonist anti-GITR antibody-treated mice; and iv), agonist anti-GITR antibody- and tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell‑treated mice.The mice that received the agonist anti-GITR antibodies and tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells displayed inhibited primary growth, prolonged life time, reduced numbers of regulatory T lymphocytes in the spleen, elevated serum interferon-γ levels, increased number of CD8+ T lymphocytes. The mice that received combined therapy had reduced level of immunosuppressive cytokines in tumor tissue and serum. Combining agonist anti-GITR antibodies with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells enhanced the systemic immune response. These findings provide further support for the continued development of agonist anti-GITR antibodies as an immunotherapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma. We suggest that our proposed immunotherapy could be developed further to improve osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kawano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ichiro Itonaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ikeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsumura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Tamamyan G, Dominkus M, Lang S, Diakos C, Mittheisz E, Horcher E, Holter W, Zoubek A, Bielack S, Kager L. Multiple relapses in high-grade osteosarcoma: when to stop aggressive therapy? Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015; 62:529-30. [PMID: 25611048 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis after relapse of high-grade osteosarcoma is poor and complete resection of all tumors is essential for survival. A 6-year old was diagnosed with high-grade osteosarcoma and treated according to the COSS-96 protocol. Within 5 years from initial diagnosis, five osteosarcoma relapses occurred and every time it was possible to achieve complete surgical remission. Additional treatments included chemotherapy and dendritic cell-based cancer immune therapy. Since the end of therapy of the 5th relapse, he is alive for 11½ years. Our experience further supports that aggressive surgery can help to achieve long-term survival even in patients with multiple osteosarcoma relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gevorg Tamamyan
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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The HDAC inhibitor Vorinostat diminishes the in vitro metastatic behavior of Osteosarcoma cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:290368. [PMID: 25785263 PMCID: PMC4346695 DOI: 10.1155/2015/290368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of bone and affects patients in the first two decades of life. The greatest determinant of survival is the presence of pulmonary metastatic disease. The role of epigenetic regulation in OS, specifically the biology of metastases, is unknown. Our previous study with the murine OS cell populations K7M2 and K12 demonstrated a significant correlation of metastatic potential with the DNA methylation level of tumor suppressor genes. In the current study, we investigated if the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, vorinostat, could regulate the metastatic potential of highly metastatic OS cells. Our results revealed that vorinostat treatment of highly metastatic K7M2 OS cells was able to greatly reduce the proliferation and metastatic potential of the cells. Morphological features related to cell motility and invasion were changed by vorinostat treatment. In addition, the gene expressions of mTOR, ALDH1, and PGC-1 were downregulated by vorinostat treatment. These data suggest that vorinostat may be an effective modulator of OS cell metastatic potential and should be studied in preclinical models of metastatic OS.
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Luetke A, Meyers PA, Lewis I, Juergens H. Osteosarcoma treatment - where do we stand? A state of the art review. Cancer Treat Rev 2013; 40:523-32. [PMID: 24345772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 890] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Long-term outcome for patients with high-grade osteosarcoma has improved with the addition of systemic chemotherapy, but subsequent progress has been less marked. Modern, multiagent, dose-intensive chemotherapy in conjunction with surgery achieves a 5-year event-free survival of 60-70% in extremity localized, non-metastatic disease. A major, as yet unsolved, problem is the poor prognosis for metastatic relapse or recurrence, and for patients with axial disease. This article reviews the current state of the art of systemic osteosarcoma therapy by focusing on the experiences of cooperative osteosarcoma groups. Also, we shed light on questions and challenges posed by the aggressiveness of the tumor, and we consider potential future directions that may be critical to progress in the prognosis of high-grade osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Luetke
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Paul A Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ian Lewis
- Alder Hey Children's NHS FT, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Heribert Juergens
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Kawano M, Itonaga I, Iwasaki T, Tsumura H. Enhancement of antitumor immunity by combining anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 antibodies and cryotreated tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells in murine osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:1001-6. [PMID: 23291864 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) is one of the most promising strategies to induce antitumor immune responses. However, the antitumor activity of cytotoxic T cells may be restrained by their expression of the inhibitory T-cell coreceptor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4). By relieving this restraint, CTLA-4-blocking antibodies promote tumor rejection, but the full scope of their most suitable applications has yet to be fully determined. In the present study, we offer proof of a preclinical concept in a C3H mouse osteosarcoma (LM8) model that CTLA-4 blockade cooperates with cryotreated tumor lysate-pulsed DCs in a primary tumor to prevent the outgrowth of lung metastasis. To evaluate immune response activation, we established the following four groups of C3H mice (60 mice in total): i) control immunoglobulin G (IgG)-treated mice; ii) tumor lysate-pulsed DC-treated mice; iii) anti-CTLA-4 antibody-treated mice and iv) tumor lysate-pulsed DC- and anti-CTLA-4 antibody-treated mice. The mice that received the tumor lysate-pulsed DCs and anti-CTLA-4 antibody displayed reduced numbers of regulatory T lymphocytes and increased numbers of CD8+ T lymphocytes inside the metastatic tumor, inhibition of metastatic growth, a prolonged lifetime, reduced numbers of regulatory T lymphocytes in the spleen and high serum interferon-γ levels. Combining an anti-CTLA-4 antibody with tumor lysate-pulsed DCs enhanced the systemic immune response. To the best of our knowledge, these findings document for the first time an effect of the combination of tumor lysate-pulsed DCs and CTLA-4-blocking antibodies in osteosarcoma. We suggest that cryotreated tumor lysate-pulsed DCs, although insufficient on their own, may mediate the rejection of metastatic lesions and prevent recurrence of the disease when combined with CTLA-4 blockade in osteosarcoma patients in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kawano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
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Pirker-Frühauf UM, Friesenbichler J, Urban EC, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Leithner A. Osteoporosis in children and young adults: a late effect after chemotherapy for bone sarcoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2012; 470:2874-85. [PMID: 22806259 PMCID: PMC3441998 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-012-2448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature bone loss after childhood chemotherapy may be underestimated in patients with bone sarcoma. Methotrexate (MTX), a standard agent in osteosarcoma protocols, reportedly reduces bone mineral density (BMD). The literature, however, has reported cases of BMD reduction in patients with Ewing's sarcoma treated without MTX. Thus, it is unclear whether osteoporosis after chemotherapy relates to MTX or to other factors. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We therefore asked whether (1) young patients with a bone sarcoma had BMD reduction, (2) patients treated with MTX had lower BMD, and (3) other factors (eg, lactose intolerance or vitamin D deficiency) posed additional risks for low BMD. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 43 patients with malignancies who had dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) (lumbar, femoral); 18 with Ewing's sarcoma (mean age, 26 ± 8 years), and 25 with an osteosarcoma (mean age, 27 ± 10 years). The mean time since diagnosis was 8 ± 4 years in the group with Ewing's sarcoma and 7 ± 5 years in the group with osteosarcoma. At last followup we determined BMD (computing z-scores), fracture rate, and lifestyle, and performed serum analysis. RESULTS BMD reduction was present in 58% of patients (37% had a z-score between -1 and -2 SD, 21% had a z-score less than -2 SD) in at least one measured site. Seven of the 43 patients (16%) had nontrauma or tumor-associated fractures after chemotherapy. Findings were similar in the Ewing and osteosarcoma subgroups. We found vitamin D deficiency in 38 patients (88%) and borderline elevated bone metabolism; lactose intolerance was present in 16 patients (37%). CONCLUSION Doctors should be aware of the possibility of major bone loss after chemotherapy with a risk of pathologic fracture. Vitamin D deficiency, calcium malnutrition, and lactose intolerance may potentiate the negative effects of chemotherapy, and should be considered in long-term patient management. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, prognostic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jörg Friesenbichler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst-Christian Urban
- Division of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Leithner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Kawano M, Itonaga I, Iwasaki T, Tsuchiya H, Tsumura H. Anti-TGF-β antibody combined with dendritic cells produce antitumor effects in osteosarcoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2012; 470:2288-94. [PMID: 22415727 PMCID: PMC3392369 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-012-2299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported the combination of tumor cryotreatment with dendritic cells to promote antitumor immunity. The effect of the combination treatment with dendritic cells and antitransforming growth factor-β (anti-TGF-β) antibody on the elimination of regulatory T cells and the inhibition of tumor growth was investigated. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES The effects of the combination treatment with dendritic cells and anti-TGF-β antibody on the enhancement of systemic immune responses and inhibition of metastatic tumor growth were investigated in a murine osteosarcoma (LM8) model. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate activation of the immune response, we established the following three groups of C3H mice (60 mice total): (1) excision only; (2) tumor excision and administration of anti-TGF-β antibody; and (3) tumor excision and administration of dendritic cells exposed to cryotreated tumor lysates with anti-TGF-β antibody. RESULTS The mice that received dendritic cells exposed to cryotreated tumor lysates with anti-TGF-β antibody showed increased numbers of CD8(+) T lymphocytes, reduced regulatory T lymphocytes in the metastatic lesion, and inhibition of metastatic growth. The combined therapy group showed reduced numbers of regulatory T lymphocytes in the spleen and high serum interferon γ level. CONCLUSIONS The control of the inhibitory condition induced by regulatory T cells is important to improve the suppression of the cytotoxic lymphocytes. Combining dendritic cells with anti-TGF-β antibody enhanced the systemic immune response. CLINICAL RELEVANCE We suggest that our immunotherapy could be developed further to improve the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kawano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, 879-5593 Japan
| | - Ichiro Itonaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, 879-5593 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, 879-5593 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsumura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, 879-5593 Japan
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Savitskaya YA, Rico-Martínez G, Linares-González LM, Delgado-Cedillo EA, Téllez-Gastelum R, Alfaro-Rodríguez AB, Redón-Tavera A, Ibarra-Ponce de León JC. Serum tumor markers in pediatric osteosarcoma: a summary review. Clin Sarcoma Res 2012; 2:9. [PMID: 22587902 PMCID: PMC3359274 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3329-2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary high-grade bone tumor in both adolescents and children. Early tumor detection is key to ensuring effective treatment. Serum marker discovery and validation for pediatric osteosarcoma has accelerated in recent years, coincident with an evolving understanding of molecules and their complex interactions, and the compelling need for improved pediatric osteosarcoma outcome measures in clinical trials. This review gives a short overview of serological markers for pediatric osteosarcoma, and highlights advances in pediatric osteosarcoma-related marker research within the past year. Studies in the past year involving serum markers in patients with pediatric osteosarcoma can be assigned to one of four categories, i.e., new approaches and new markers, exploratory studies in specialized disease subsets, large cross-sectional validation studies, and longitudinal studies, with and without an intervention.Most of the studies have examined the association of a serum marker with some aspect of the natural history of pediatric osteosarcoma. As illustrated by the many studies reviewed, several serum markers are emerging that show a credible association with disease modification. The expanding pool of informative osteosarcoma-related markers is expected to impact development of therapeutics for pediatric osteosarcoma positively and, it is hoped, ultimately clinical care. Combinations of serum markers of natural immunity, thyroid hormone homeostasis, and bone tumorigenesis may be undertaken together in patients with pediatric osteosarcoma. These serum markers in combination may do better. The potential effect of an intrinsic dynamic balance of tumor angiogenesis residing within a single hormone (tri-iodothyronine) is an attractive concept for regulation of vascularization in pediatric osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Savitskaya
- Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Genaro Rico-Martínez
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Luis Miguel Linares-González
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Ernesto Andrés Delgado-Cedillo
- Department of Bone Tumors, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - René Téllez-Gastelum
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Alfonso Benito Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Department of Chromatography, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - Antonio Redón-Tavera
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
| | - José Clemente Ibarra-Ponce de León
- Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
- Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Calzada México Xochimilco 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., México, Código Postal 14389
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Whelan J, McTiernan A, Cooper N, Wong YK, Francis M, Vernon S, Strauss SJ. Incidence and survival of malignant bone sarcomas in England 1979-2007. Int J Cancer 2011; 131:E508-17. [PMID: 21913189 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary malignant bone sarcomas (MBS) are rare and there are few studies examining their incidence and outcome. Here, the incidence and survival of all subtypes of MBS registered in England between 1979 and 2007 were analysed from patient registry data held by the National Cancer Intelligence Network (NCIN). Over 11,002 new cases of MBS were registered, an average of 379 per year. There was no change in incidence demonstrated over the study period (p = 0.08). Although a peak incidence is observed in adolescence, approximately half of MBS are diagnosed in patients over 50 years. An improvement in outcome of MBS was observed between those patients registered from 1979 to 1983 and 1983 to 1987 (p < 0.0001), but there has been no improvement since. In the most recent period studied (patients diagnosed 1998-2002) 5-year survival was 55% in Ewing sarcoma, 70% in chondrosarcoma, 56% in chordoma and 43% in osteosarcoma. Patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma over the age of 40 years or with a non-extremity tumour have a significantly inferior outcome; 22% 5-year survival >40 years compared with 53% <40 years (p < 0.0001) and 16% non-extremity tumour compared to 48% extremity tumour (p < 0.0001). This population-based study has allowed us to confidently define the English incidence and survival rates of both the commoner bone tumours such as osteosarcoma, and rarer entities such as chordoma as well as groups with inferior outcome. The lack of significant improvement over recent decades for these diseases is cause for concern and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Whelan
- Department of Oncology, University College Hospital, London, UK.
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Guillon MAM, Mary PMJ, Brugière L, Marec-Bérard P, Pacquement HD, Schmitt C, Guinebretière JM, Tabone MDP. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of osteosarcoma in young children: a retrospective series of 15 cases. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:407. [PMID: 21942935 PMCID: PMC3188515 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in childhood and adolescence. However, it is very rare in children under 5 years of age. Although studies in young children are limited in number, they all underline the high rate of amputation in this population, with conflicting results being recently reported regarding their prognosis. Methods To enhance knowledge on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of osteosarcoma in young children, we reviewed the medical records and histology of all children diagnosed with osteosarcoma before the age of five years and treated in SFCE (Société Française des Cancers et leucémies de l'Enfant) centers between 1980 and 2007. Results Fifteen patients from 7 centers were studied. Long bones were involved in 14 cases. Metastases were present at diagnosis in 40% of cases. The histologic type was osteoblastic in 74% of cases. Two patients had a relevant history. One child developed a second malignancy 13 years after osteosarcoma diagnosis. Thirteen children received preoperative chemotherapy including high-dose methotrexate, but only 36% had a good histologic response. Chemotherapy was well tolerated, apart from a case of severe late convulsive encephalopathy in a one-year-old infant. Limb salvage surgery was performed in six cases, with frequent mechanical and infectious complications and variable functional outcomes. Complete remission was obtained in 12 children, six of whom relapsed. With a median follow-up of 5 years, six patients were alive in remission, seven died of their disease (45%), in a broad range of 2 months to 8 years after diagnosis, two were lost to follow-up. Conclusions Osteosarcoma seems to be more aggressive in children under five years of age, and surgical management remains a challange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud A M Guillon
- 1Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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Noonan KJ, Zaltz I, Wenger D. What's New in Pediatric Orthopaedics. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011; 93:597-606. [PMID: 21411710 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.j.01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Noonan
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Health Sciences Learning Center, Madison, 53705, USA.
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