1
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Zhang P, Lv W, Luan Y, Cai W, Min X, Feng Z. Identification and validation of a novel anoikis-related prognostic model for prostate cancer. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2419. [PMID: 38572916 PMCID: PMC10993702 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anoikis resistance is a hallmark characteristic of oncogenic transformation, which is crucial for tumor progression and metastasis. The aim of this study was to identify and validate a novel anoikis-related prognostic model for prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS We collected a gene expression profile, single nucleotide polymorphism mutation and copy number variation (CNV) data of 495 PCa patients from the TCGA database and 140 PCa samples from the MSKCC dataset. We extracted 434 anoikis-related genes and unsupervised consensus cluster analysis was used to identify molecular subtypes. The immune infiltration, molecular function, and genome alteration of subtypes were evaluated. A risk signature was developed using Cox regression analysis and validated with the MSKCC dataset. We also identify potential drugs for high-risk group patients. RESULTS Two subtypes were identified. C1 exhibited a higher level of CNV amplification, immune score, stromal score, aneuploidy score, homologous recombination deficiency, intratumor heterogeneity, single-nucleotide variant neoantigens, and tumor mutational burden compared to C2. C2 showed a better survival outcome and had a high level of gamma delta T cell and activated B cell infiltration. The risk signature consisting of four genes (HELLS, ZWINT, ABCC5, and TPSB2) was developed (area under the curve = 0.780) and was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in PCa patients. Four CTRP-derived and four PRISM-derived compounds were identified for high-risk patients. CONCLUSIONS The anoikis-related prognostic model developed in this study could be a useful tool for clinical decision-making. This study may provide a new perspective for the treatment of anoikis-related PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wenzhi Lv
- Computer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiangde Min
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhaoyan Feng
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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2
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Gisina A, Kim Y, Yarygin K, Lupatov A. Can CD133 Be Regarded as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oncology: Pros and Cons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17398. [PMID: 38139228 PMCID: PMC10744290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The CD133 cell membrane glycoprotein, also termed prominin-1, is expressed on some of the tumor cells of both solid and blood malignancies. The CD133-positive tumor cells were shown to exhibit higher proliferative activity, greater chemo- and radioresistance, and enhanced tumorigenicity compared to their CD133-negative counterparts. For this reason, CD133 is regarded as a potential prognostic biomarker in oncology. The CD133-positive cells are related to the cancer stem cell subpopulation in many types of cancer. Recent studies demonstrated the involvement of CD133 in the regulation of proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in cancer cells. There is also evidence of its participation in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated with tumor progression. For a number of malignant tumor types, high CD133 expression is associated with poor prognosis, and the prognostic significance of CD133 has been confirmed in a number of meta-analyses. However, some published papers suggest that CD133 has no prognostic significance or even demonstrate a certain correlation between high CD133 levels and a positive prognosis. This review summarizes and discusses the existing evidence for and against the prognostic significance of CD133 in cancer. We also consider possible reasons for conflicting findings from the studies of the clinical significance of CD133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Gisina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, V. N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Kumar A, Sharma B, Sharma U, Parashar G, Parashar NC, Rani I, Ramniwas S, Kaur S, Haque S, Tuli HS. Apoptotic and antimetastatic effect of cucurbitacins in cancer: recent trends and advancement. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1867-1878. [PMID: 37010571 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02471-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The Cucurbitaceae family produces a class of secondary metabolites known as cucurbitacins. The eight cucurbitacin subunits are cucurbitacin B, D, E, I, IIa, L glucoside, Q, and R with the most significant anticancer activity. They are reported to inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and migration; induce apoptosis; and encourage cell cycle arrest, as some of their modes of action. The JAK-STAT3, Wnt, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways, which are essential for the survival and apoptosis of cancer cells, have also been shown to be suppressed by cucurbitacins. The goal of the current study is to summarize potential molecular targets that cucurbitacins could inhibit in order to suppress various malignant processes. The review is noteworthy since it presents all putative molecular targets for cucurbitacins in cancer on a single podium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubator (PBTI), Phase VIII, Mohali, 160071, India
| | - Bunty Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Ujjawal Sharma
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Gaurav Parashar
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University Vadodara, Gujrat, 391410, India
| | - Nidarshana Chaturvedi Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, maharishi markendashwar college of medical sciences and Research (MMCMSR), Sadopur, Ambala, 134007, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India.
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4
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Zhou T, Zhang LY, He JZ, Miao ZM, Li YY, Zhang YM, Liu ZW, Zhang SZ, Chen Y, Zhou GC, Liu YQ. Review: Mechanisms and perspective treatment of radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1133899. [PMID: 36865554 PMCID: PMC9971010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the major treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The radioresistance and toxicity are the main obstacles that leading to therapeutic failure and poor prognosis. Oncogenic mutation, cancer stem cells (CSCs), tumor hypoxia, DNA damage repair, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumor microenvironment (TME) may dominate the occurrence of radioresistance at different stages of radiotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs, targeted drugs, and immune checkpoint inhibitors are combined with radiotherapy to treat NSCLC to improve the efficacy. This article reviews the potential mechanism of radioresistance in NSCLC, and discusses the current drug research to overcome radioresistance and the advantages of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in improving the efficacy and reducing the toxicity of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,Experimental & Training Teaching Centers, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li-Ying Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Zheng He
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Miao
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang-Yang Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shang-Zu Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gu-Cheng Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qi Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yong-Qi Liu,
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5
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Tuli HS, Rath P, Chauhan A, Ranjan A, Ramniwas S, Sak K, Aggarwal D, Kumar M, Dhama K, Lee EHC, Yap KCY, Capinpin SM, Kumar AP. Cucurbitacins as Potent Chemo-Preventive Agents: Mechanistic Insight and Recent Trends. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010057. [PMID: 36671442 PMCID: PMC9855938 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacins constitute a group of cucumber-derived dietary lipids, highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids, with potential medical uses. These compounds are known to interact with a variety of recognized cellular targets to impede the growth of cancer cells. Accumulating evidence has suggested that inhibition of tumor cell growth via induction of apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenesis are major promising chemo-preventive actions of cucurbitacins. Cucurbitacins may be a potential choice for investigations of synergism with other drugs to reverse cancer cells' treatment resistance. The detailed molecular mechanisms underlying these effects include interactions between cucurbitacins and numerous cellular targets (Bcl-2/Bax, caspases, STAT3, cyclins, NF-κB, COX-2, MMP-9, VEGF/R, etc.) as well as control of a variety of intracellular signal transduction pathways. The current study is focused on the efforts undertaken to find possible molecular targets for cucurbitacins in suppressing diverse malignant processes. The review is distinctive since it presents all potential molecular targets of cucurbitacins in cancer on one common podium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, India
- Correspondence: (H.S.T.); (A.P.K.)
| | - Prangya Rath
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Noida 201303, India
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida 201303, India
| | - Anuj Ranjan
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
| | | | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University Sadopur, Ambala 134007, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, India
| | - E Hui Clarissa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Chun-Yong Yap
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Sharah Mae Capinpin
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Correspondence: (H.S.T.); (A.P.K.)
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6
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A comprehensive review on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity of Anagallis arvensis (L).: A wild edible medicinal food plant. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Sahoo OS, Pethusamy K, Srivastava TP, Talukdar J, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Dhar R, Karmakar S. The metabolic addiction of cancer stem cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:955892. [PMID: 35957877 PMCID: PMC9357939 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.955892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are the minor population of cancer originating cells that have the capacity of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity (when transplanted into an immunocompromised animal). These low-copy number cell populations are believed to be resistant to conventional chemo and radiotherapy. It was reported that metabolic adaptation of these elusive cell populations is to a large extent responsible for their survival and distant metastasis. Warburg effect is a hallmark of most cancer in which the cancer cells prefer to metabolize glucose anaerobically, even under normoxic conditions. Warburg's aerobic glycolysis produces ATP efficiently promoting cell proliferation by reprogramming metabolism to increase glucose uptake and stimulating lactate production. This metabolic adaptation also seems to contribute to chemoresistance and immune evasion, a prerequisite for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Though we know a lot about metabolic fine-tuning in cancer, what is still in shadow is the identity of upstream regulators that orchestrates this process. Epigenetic modification of key metabolic enzymes seems to play a decisive role in this. By altering the metabolic flux, cancer cells polarize the biochemical reactions to selectively generate "onco-metabolites" that provide an added advantage for cell proliferation and survival. In this review, we explored the metabolic-epigenetic circuity in relation to cancer growth and proliferation and establish the fact how cancer cells may be addicted to specific metabolic pathways to meet their needs. Interestingly, even the immune system is re-calibrated to adapt to this altered scenario. Knowing the details is crucial for selective targeting of cancer stem cells by choking the rate-limiting stems and crucial branch points, preventing the formation of onco-metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Saswat Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of technology, Durgapur, India
| | - Karthikeyan Pethusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Joyeeta Talukdar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Computers and communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Ruby Dhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhradip Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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8
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Analyzing the Systems Biology Effects of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines to Assess Their Safety and Putative Side Effects. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11070743. [PMID: 35889989 PMCID: PMC9320269 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines have been instrumental tools in reducing the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections around the world by preventing 80% to 90% of hospitalizations and deaths from reinfection, in addition to preventing 40% to 65% of symptomatic illnesses. However, the simultaneous large-scale vaccination of the global population will indubitably unveil heterogeneity in immune responses as well as in the propensity to developing post-vaccine adverse events, especially in vulnerable individuals. Herein, we applied a systems biology workflow, integrating vaccine transcriptional signatures with chemogenomics, to study the pharmacological effects of mRNA vaccines. First, we derived transcriptional signatures and predicted their biological effects using pathway enrichment and network approaches. Second, we queried the Connectivity Map (CMap) to prioritize adverse events hypotheses. Finally, we accepted higher-confidence hypotheses that have been predicted by independent approaches. Our results reveal that the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine affects immune response pathways related to interferon and cytokine signaling, which should lead to vaccine success, but may also result in some adverse events. Our results emphasize the effects of BNT162b2 on calcium homeostasis, which could be contributing to some frequently encountered adverse events related to mRNA vaccines. Notably, cardiac side effects were signaled in the CMap query results. In summary, our approach has identified mechanisms underlying both the expected protective effects of vaccination as well as possible post-vaccine adverse effects. Our study illustrates the power of systems biology approaches in improving our understanding of the comprehensive biological response to vaccination against COVID-19.
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9
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Xu D, Shen H, Tian M, Chen W, Zhang X. Cucurbitacin I inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic cancer through the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in vivo and in vitro. J Cancer 2022; 13:2050-2060. [PMID: 35517401 PMCID: PMC9066209 DOI: 10.7150/jca.65875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive solid malignancies, as it has a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. The growth and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells into normal tissues and organs make resection and treatment difficult. Finding an effective chemotherapy drug for this disease is crucial. In this study, we selected the tetracyclic triterpenoid compound cucurbitacin I, which may be used as a potential therapeutic drug for treating pancreatic cancer. First, we found that cucurbitacin I inhibited pancreatic cancer proliferation in a dose-time dependent manner. Further studies have shown that cucurbitacin I blocks the cell cycle of pancreatic cancer in the G2/M phase and induces cell apoptosis. In addition, under the action of the compound, the invasion ability of cells was greatly reduced and markedly impaired the growth of pancreatic tumour xenografts in nude mice. Furthermore, the decrease in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation caused by cucurbitacin I appeared to involve JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway inhibition, and the use of JAK2/STAT3 activators effectively restored the inhibition. In conclusion, our research may provide a basis for the further development of pancreatic cancer treatment drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongchao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hangzhou310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310000, China
| | - Hongzhang Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hangzhou310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310000, China
| | - Mengyao Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, China
| | - Wangyang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hangzhou310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310000, China
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10
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Dolatabadi S, Jonasson E, Andersson L, Luna Santamaría M, Lindén M, Österlund T, Åman P, Ståhlberg A. FUS-DDIT3 Fusion Oncoprotein Expression Affects JAK-STAT Signaling in Myxoid Liposarcoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:816894. [PMID: 35186752 PMCID: PMC8851354 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.816894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxoid liposarcoma is one of the most common sarcoma entities characterized by FET fusion oncogenes. Despite a generally favorable prognosis of myxoid liposarcoma, chemotherapy resistance remains a clinical problem. This cancer stem cell property is associated with JAK-STAT signaling, but the link to the myxoid-liposarcoma-specific FET fusion oncogene FUS-DDIT3 is not known. Here, we show that ectopic expression of FUS-DDIT3 resulted in elevated levels of STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3. RNA sequencing identified 126 genes that were regulated by both FUS-DDIT3 expression and JAK1/2 inhibition using ruxolitinib. Sixty-six of these genes were connected in a protein interaction network. Fifty-three and 29 of these genes were confirmed as FUS-DDIT3 and STAT3 targets, respectively, using public chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data sets. Enriched gene sets among the 126 regulated genes included processes related to cytokine signaling, adipocytokine signaling, and chromatin remodeling. We validated CD44 as a target gene of JAK1/2 inhibition and as a potential cancer stem cell marker in myxoid liposarcoma. Finally, we showed that FUS-DDIT3 interacted with phosphorylated STAT3 in association with subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and PRC2 repressive complex. Our data show that the function of FUS-DDIT3 is closely connected to JAK-STAT signaling. Detailed deciphering of molecular mechanisms behind tumor progression opens up new avenues for targeted therapies in sarcomas and leukemia characterized by FET fusion oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Dolatabadi
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Jonasson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Andersson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Manuel Luna Santamaría
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Lindén
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Österlund
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pierre Åman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Parakh S, Ernst M, Poh AR. Multicellular Effects of STAT3 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6228. [PMID: 34944848 PMCID: PMC8699548 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases. Aberrant activation of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is frequently observed in NSCLC and is associated with a poor prognosis. Pre-clinical studies have revealed an unequivocal role for tumor cell-intrinsic and extrinsic STAT3 signaling in NSCLC by promoting angiogenesis, cell survival, cancer cell stemness, drug resistance, and evasion of anti-tumor immunity. Several STAT3-targeting strategies have also been investigated in pre-clinical models, and include preventing upstream receptor/ligand interactions, promoting the degradation of STAT3 mRNA, and interfering with STAT3 DNA binding. In this review, we discuss the molecular and immunological mechanisms by which persistent STAT3 activation promotes NSCLC development, and the utility of STAT3 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in NSCLC. We also provide a comprehensive update of STAT3-targeting therapies that are currently undergoing clinical evaluation, and discuss the challenges associated with these treatment modalities in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagun Parakh
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;
- Tumor Targeting Laboratory, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
| | - Matthias Ernst
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Ashleigh R. Poh
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
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12
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Silva VR, Santos LDS, Dias RB, Quadros CA, Bezerra DP. Emerging agents that target signaling pathways to eradicate colorectal cancer stem cells. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:1275-1313. [PMID: 34791817 PMCID: PMC8696218 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The modern concept of cancer biology indicates that cancer is formed of a small population of cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which present both pluripotency and self-renewal properties. These cells are considered responsible for the progression of the disease, recurrence and tumor resistance. Interestingly, some cell signaling pathways participate in CRC survival, proliferation, and self-renewal properties, and most of them are dysregulated in CSCs, including the Wingless (Wnt)/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathways. In this review, we summarize the strategies for eradicating CRC stem cells by modulating these dysregulated pathways, which will contribute to the study of potential therapeutic schemes, combining conventional drugs with CSC-targeting drugs, and allowing better cure rates in anti-CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdenizia R Silva
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Luciano de S Santos
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Rosane B Dias
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Claudio A Quadros
- São Rafael Hospital, Rede D'Or/São Luiz, Salvador, Bahia, 41253-190, Brazil.,Bahia State University, Salvador, Bahia, 41150-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
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13
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Use of cucurbitacins for lung cancer research and therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:1-14. [PMID: 33825035 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As the main substance in some traditional Chinese medicines, cucurbitacins have been used to treat hepatitis for decades in China. Currently, the use of cucurbitacins against cancer and other diseases has achieved towering popularity among researchers worldwide, as detailed in this review with summarized tables. Numerous studies have reported the potential tumor-killing activities of cucurbitacins in multiple aspects of human malignancies. Continuous research on its anticancer activity mechanisms also brings a glimmer of light to the treatment of patients with lung cancer. In line with the promising roles of cucurbitacins against cancer, through various molecular signaling pathways, it is justifiable to propose the use of cucurbitacins as a potential mainline chemotherapy before the onset and after the diagnosis of lung cancers. Here, this article mainly summarized the findings about the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of cucurbitacins on lung cancer pathogenesis and treatment. In addition, we also discussed the safety and efficacy of their application for further research and even clinical practice.
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14
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Zhou HM, Zhang JG, Zhang X, Li Q. Targeting cancer stem cells for reversing therapy resistance: mechanism, signaling, and prospective agents. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:62. [PMID: 33589595 PMCID: PMC7884707 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) show a self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential that contribute to tumor progression and therapy resistance. However, the underlying processes are still unclear. Elucidation of the key hallmarks and resistance mechanisms of CSCs may help improve patient outcomes and reduce relapse by altering therapeutic regimens. Here, we reviewed the identification of CSCs, the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of therapy resistance in CSCs, the signaling pathways of CSCs that mediate treatment failure, and potential CSC-targeting agents in various tumors from the clinical perspective. Targeting the mechanisms and pathways described here might contribute to further drug discovery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Ming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, 200080, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Gang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, 200080, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, 200080, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of medicine, No.100 Haining Road, 200080, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Kim JY, Kim HJ, Jung CW, Lee TS, Kim EH, Park MJ. CXCR4 uses STAT3-mediated slug expression to maintain radioresistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells: emerges as a potential prognostic biomarker for lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:48. [PMID: 33414415 PMCID: PMC7791104 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common reasons for cancer-induced mortality across the globe, despite major advancements in the treatment strategies including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Existing reports suggest that CXCR4 is frequently expressed by malignant tumor and is imperative for vascularization, tumor growth, cell migration, and metastasis pertaining to poor prognosis. In this study, we infer that CXCR4 confers resistance to ionizing radiation (IR) in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Further, on the basis of colony forming ability, one finds that drug-resistant A549/GR cells with improved CXCR4 expression exhibited more resistance to IR than A549 cells evidenced along with a reduction in the formation of γ-H2AX foci after IR. Transfection of shRNA against CXCR4 or treatment of pharmacological inhibitor (AMD3100) both led to sensitization of A549/GR cells towards IR. Conversely, the overexpression of CXCR4 in A549 and H460 cell lines was found to improve clonogenic survival, and reduce the formation of γ-H2AX foci after IR. CXCR4 expression was further correlated with STAT3 activation, and suppression of STAT3 activity with siSTAT3 or a specific inhibitor (WP1066) significantly stymied the colony-forming ability and increased γ-H2AX foci formation in A549/GR cells, indicating that CXCR4-mediated STAT3 signaling plays an important role for IR resistance in NSCLC cells. Finally, CXCR4/STAT3 signaling was mediated with the upregulation of Slug and downregulation of the same with siRNA, which heightened IR sensitivity in NSCLC cells. Our data collectively suggests that CXCR4/STAT3/Slug axis is paramount for IR resistance of NSCLC cells, and can be regarded as a therapeutic target to enhance the IR sensitivity of this devastating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Yub Kim
- Radiation Therapeutics Development Team, Division of Radiation Cancer Science, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Radiation Therapeutics Development Team, Division of Radiation Cancer Science, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.,School of Biomedical Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Woong Jung
- Radiation Therapeutics Development Team, Division of Radiation Cancer Science, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Sup Lee
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, 33, 17-gil, Duryugongwon-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42472, Korea.
| | - Myung-Jin Park
- Radiation Therapeutics Development Team, Division of Radiation Cancer Science, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
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16
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Lin X, Farooqi AA. Cucurbitacin mediated regulation of deregulated oncogenic signaling cascades and non-coding RNAs in different cancers: Spotlight on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, mTOR, TRAIL-mediated pathways. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:302-309. [PMID: 33152487 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Research over decades has enabled us in developing a better understanding of the multifaceted and heterogeneous nature of cancer. High-throughput technologies have helped the researchers in unraveling of the underlying mechanisms which centrally regulate cancer onset, metastasis and drug resistance. Our rapidly expanding knowledge about signal transduction cascade has added another layer of complexity to already complicated nature of cancer. Deregulation of cell signaling pathways played a linchpin role in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Cucurbitacins have gained tremendous attention because of their remarkable pharmacological properties and considerable ability to mechanistically modulate myriad of cell signaling pathways in different cancers. In this review, we have attempted to provide a mechanistic and comprehensive analysis of regulation of oncogenic pathways by cucurbitacins in different cancers. We have partitioned this review into separate sections for exclusive analysis of each signaling pathway and critical assessment of the knowledge gaps. In this review, we will summarize most recent and landmark developments related to regulation of Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, mTOR, VEGFR, EGFR and Hippo pathway by cucurbitacins. Moreover, we will also address how cucurbitacins regulate DNA damage repair pathway and TRAIL-driven signaling in various cancers. However, there are still outstanding questions related to regulation of SHH/GLI, TGF/SMAD and Notch-driven pathway by cucurbitacins in different cancers. Future studies must converge on the analysis of full-fledge potential of cucurbitacins by in-depth analysis of these pathways and how these pathways can be therapeutically targeted by cucurbitacins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan.
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17
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Jing S, Zou H, Wu Z, Ren L, Zhang T, Zhang J, Wei Z. Cucurbitacins: Bioactivities and synergistic effect with small-molecule drugs. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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18
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Hsu HS, Liu CC, Lin JH, Hsu TW, Hsu JW, Li AFY, Hung SC. Involvement of collagen XVII in pluripotency gene expression and metabolic reprogramming of lung cancer stem cells. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:5. [PMID: 31928533 PMCID: PMC6956558 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advancements in cancer biology field suggest that glucose metabolism is a potential target for cancer treatment. However, little if anything is known about the metabolic profile of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the related underlying mechanisms. METHODS The metabolic phenotype in lung CSC was first investigated. The role of collagen XVII, a putative stem cell or CSC candidate marker, in regulating metabolic reprogramming in lung CSC was subsequently studied. Through screening the genes involved in glycolysis, we identified the downstream targets of collagen XVII that were involved in metabolic reprogramming of lung CSCs. Collagen XVII and its downstream targets were then used to predict the prognosis of lung cancer patients. RESULTS We showed that an aberrant upregulation of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in lung CSCs is associated with the maintenance of CSC-like features, since blocking glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation reduces sphere formation, chemoresistance, and tumorigenicity. We also showed that the Oct4-hexokinase 2 (HK2) pathway activated by collagen XVII-laminin-332 through FAK-PI3K/AKT-GSB3β/β-catenin activation induced the upregulation of glycolysis and maintenance of CSC-like features. Finally, we showed that collagen XVII, Oct4, and HK2 could be valuable markers to predict the prognosis of lung cancer patients. CONCULSIONS These data suggest the Oct4-HK2 pathway regulated by collagen XVII plays an important role in metabolic reprogramming and maintenance of CSC-like features in lung CSCs, which may aid in the development of new strategies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shui Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chi Liu
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Traumatology, Emergency Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Han Lin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Wei Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyuan-Wei Hsu
- Division of Traumatology, Emergency Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anna Fen-Yau Li
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, Department of Orthopaedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 105, Taiwan.
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19
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Jeong MS, Jung JH, Lee H, Kim CG, Kim SH. Methyloleanolate Induces Apoptotic And Autophagic Cell Death Via Reactive Oxygen Species Generation And c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Phosphorylation. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8621-8635. [PMID: 31695422 PMCID: PMC6815788 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s211904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To develop a potent anticancer agent similar to oleanolate, the underlying mechanisms of its derivative, methyloleanolate, in the apoptosis and autophagy of A549 and H1299 cells were elucidated. Purpose The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of methyloleanolate in inducing apoptotic and autophagic cell death in cancer cells. Materials and methods Flow cytometric analysis with Annexin V/PI staining, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence analysis were conducted in A549 and H1299 cells. Results Methyloleanolate increased the fraction of Annexin V/PI apoptotic cells and activated caspase-8, caspase-3, and death receptor 5 (DR5) more than oleanolate in A549 and H1299 cells pretreated with pancaspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk and DR5 depletion. Also, methyloleanolate induced autophagic features of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 3BII (LC3BII) conversion and puncta in A549 and H1299 cells, along with autophagosomes and vacuoles. Methyloleanolate blocked autophagy flux for impaired autophagy and chloroquine (CQ)-enhanced microtubule-associated protein LC3BII accumulation and cytotoxicity in A549 and H1299 cells, although 3-methyladenine (3-MA) did not. Interestingly, LC3BII accumulation was detected only in methyloleanolate-treated autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5)+/+ mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells but not in ATG5 -/- MEF cells. Methyloleanolate reduced p-mTOR but activated p-c-Jun N-terminal kinases and reactive oxygen species production in A549 and H1299 cells. Conversely, n-acetyl-l-cysteine and SP600125 blocked apoptotic and autophagic cascades caused by methyloleanolate in A549 and H1299 cells. Conclusion Overall, the findings suggest that methyloleanolate induces apoptotic and autophagic cell death in non-small cell lung cancers via reactive oxygen species generation and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Seok Jeong
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Geun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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20
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Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Maniyar N, Sharma N, Yerwadekar S, Patil S. Recent trends in predictive biomarkers for determining malignant potential of oral potentially malignant disorders. Oncol Rev 2019; 13:424. [PMID: 31565195 PMCID: PMC6747023 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2019.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite of the tremendous advancements in the field of cancer prevention, detection and treatment, the overall prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) still remains poor. This can be partly imparted to the lack of early detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), especially those at a higher risk of progression into OSCC. Over years, various specific and non-specific markers have been introduced that could predict the malignant transformation of OPMDs; however detail information on these OPMD markers in a concise manner is lacking. Moreover, their use on daily clinical basis still remains questionable. With continuous research in the field of cytology and genomics, several contemporary biomarkers have been discovered that are not yet foregrounded and proved to be more promising than those used conventionally. Here, in the present paper, we overview several recently concluded predictive biomarkers with special emphasis on their role in molecular pathogenesis of OSCC transformation. These markers can be used for risk assessment of malignant transformation in patients with OPMDs as well as for prophylactic conciliation and fair management of the high-risk OPMD patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikunj Maniyar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilesh Sharma
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata Yerwadekar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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21
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Hsu JHM, Chang PMH, Cheng TS, Kuo YL, Wu ATH, Tran TH, Yang YH, Chen JM, Tsai YC, Chu YS, Huang TH, Huang CYF, Lai JM. Identification of Withaferin A as a Potential Candidate for Anti-Cancer Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071003. [PMID: 31319622 PMCID: PMC6678286 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Low response rate and recurrence are common issues in lung cancer; thus, identifying a potential compound for these patients is essential. Utilizing an in silico screening method, we identified withaferin A (WA), a cell-permeable steroidal lactone initially extracted from Withania somnifera, as a potential anti-lung cancer and anti-lung cancer stem-like cell (CSC) agent. First, we demonstrated that WA exhibited potent cytotoxicity in several lung cancer cells, as evidenced by low IC50 values. WA concurrently induced autophagy and apoptosis and the activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays an upstream role in mediating WA-elicited effects. The increase in p62 indicated that WA may modulate the autophagy flux followed by apoptosis. In vivo research also demonstrated the anti-tumor effect of WA treatment. We subsequently demonstrated that WA could inhibit the growth of lung CSCs, decrease side population cells, and inhibit lung cancer spheroid-forming capacity, at least through downregulation of mTOR/STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, the combination of WA and chemotherapeutic drugs, including cisplatin and pemetrexed, exerted synergistic effects on the inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type lung cancer cell viability. In addition, WA can further enhance the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in lung CSCs. Therefore, WA alone or in combination with standard chemotherapy is a potential treatment option for EGFR wild-type lung cancer and may decrease the occurrence of cisplatin resistance by inhibiting lung CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade H-M Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Peter M-H Chang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Shan Cheng
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Kuo
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T-H Wu
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Thu-Ha Tran
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Yang
- The Ph.D. Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Shiu Chu
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Mei Lai
- The Ph.D. Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
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22
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Xie S, Wu Z, Niu L, Chen J, Ma Y, Zhang M. Preparation of highly activated natural killer cells for advanced lung cancer therapy. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5077-5086. [PMID: 31308687 PMCID: PMC6616273 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural killer (NK) cells can be used as an adoptive immunotherapy to treat cancer patients. Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of highly activated NK (HANK) cell immunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer. Patients and methods: Between March 2016 and September 2017, we enrolled 13 patients who met the enrollment criteria. Donor peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from patients and the NK cells were expanded. After 12 days of culture, the cells were collected and infused intravenously on days 13 to 15. The enrolled patients received at least one course including three times of infusions. The lymphocyte subsets, cytokine production, and the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) were measured before treatment and after the last infusion. Results: No side effects were observed. After a three-month follow-up, the percentage of patients who achieved stable disease and progressive disease was 84.6% and 15.4%. Moreover, the level of IFN-γ was significantly higher after treatment and the level of CEA decreased substantially. The overall immune function of the patients who received the NK cell therapy remained stable. Conclusion: This is the first study to describe the efficacy of NK cell therapy of patients with advanced lung cancer. These clinical observations demonstrated that NK cell is safe and efficient for advanced lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silun Xie
- Research and Development Department, HANK Bioengineering Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyi Wu
- Research and Development Department, HANK Bioengineering Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Department of Oncology, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jibing Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunkun Ma
- Research and Development Department, HANK Bioengineering Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- Research and Development Department, HANK Bioengineering Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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23
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Kulesza DW, Przanowski P, Kaminska B. Knockdown of STAT3 targets a subpopulation of invasive melanoma stem-like cells. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:613-622. [PMID: 30958597 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in many cancers, including melanomas. Active, phosphorylated STAT3 contributes to tumor growth and formation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recent evidence suggests an important role of STAT3 in self-renewal of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). In the present study, we aimed to determine the expression and role of active STAT3 in melanoma CSCs. We found the increased levels of phosphorylated (Y705) STAT3 in CSC sphere cultures derived from three human and murine melanoma cells. Knockdown of STAT3 did not affect basal proliferation, but reduced sphere forming capacity of two human melanoma cell lines. Moreover, the level of active STAT3 was elevated in rhodamine 123 negative subpopulations of CSCs sorted from three melanoma cell lines. We found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and AKT signaling pathways, implicated in the regulation of cell migration and invasion, were up-regulated in melanoma CSCs. Moreover, expression of SERPINA3, which regulates melanoma invasion, was increased in melanoma CSCs sphere cultures, which correlated with augmented cell invasion in Matrigel. Our findings show that STAT3 is activated and supports maintenance of melanoma CSCs. It suggests that STAT3 could serve as a potential target to impair tumor progression or recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota W Kulesza
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Center, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Przanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Center, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Center, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
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24
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Yıilmaz K, Karakuş F, Eyol E, Tosun E, Yıilmaz İ, Ünüvar S. Cytotoxic Effects of Cucurbitacin I and Ecballium elaterium on Breast Cancer Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801301108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of cucurbitacin I (CuI) and Ecballium elaterium L. (fruit juice and chloroform extract) on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The CuI content of E. elaterium fruit juice and chloroform extract was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. The cytotoxic effects of the fruit juice, chloroform extract and CuI were determined by MTT, wound healing and colony formation assays; all had an anti-proliferative activity on the breast cancer cells. Clarifying the mechanisms of cucurbitacins will enable the identification of new molecular targets for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fuat Karakuş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Ergül Eyol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Emir Tosun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İnönü University, TR-44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | | | - Songül Ünüvar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy
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25
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Lleonart ME, Abad E, Graifer D, Lyakhovich A. Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Autophagy Defines the Fate of Cancer Stem Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1066-1079. [PMID: 28683561 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: A fraction of tumorigenic cells, also known as tumor initiating or cancer stem cells (CSCs), is thought to drive tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. However, little is known regarding mechanisms that convey relevant pathways contributing to their self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation abilities. Recent Advances: Recent works on CSCs provide evidence on the role of redox disruption and regulation of autophagic flux. This has been linked to increased DNA repair capacity and chemoresistance. Critical Issues: The current review summarizes the most recent studies assessing the role of redox homeostasis, autophagy, and chemoresistance in CSCs, including some novel findings on microRNAs and their role in horizontal transfer within cancer cell populations. Future Directions: Rational anticancer therapy and prevention should rely on the fact that cancer is a redox disease with the CSCs being the apex modulated by redox-mediated autophagy. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1066-1079.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde E Lleonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Etna Abad
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dmitry Graifer
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,ICRC-FNUSA, International Clinical Research Center and St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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26
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Alguacil-Núñez C, Ferrer-Ortiz I, García-Verdú E, López-Pirez P, Llorente-Cortijo IM, Sainz B. Current perspectives on the crosstalk between lung cancer stem cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 125:102-110. [PMID: 29650269 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, in particular non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), is the second most common cancer in both men and women and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Its prognosis and diagnosis are determined by several driver mutations and diverse risk factors (e.g. smoking). While immunotherapy has proven effective in some patients, treatment of NSCLC using conventional chemotherapy is largely ineffective. The latter is believed to be due to the existence of a subpopulation of stem-like, highly tumorigenic and chemoresistant cells within the tumor population known as cancer stem cells (CSC). To complicate the situation, CSCs interact with the tumor microenvironment, which include cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, endothelial cells, growth factors, cytokines and connective tissue components, which via a dynamic crosstalk, composed of proteins and exosomes, activates the CSC compartment. In this review, we analyze the crosstalk between CSCs and CAFs, the primary component of the NSCLC microenvironment, at the molecular and extracellular level and contemplate therapies to disrupt this communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alguacil-Núñez
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Ferrer-Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-Verdú
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Pirez
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Maria Llorente-Cortijo
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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27
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Cucurbitacin I Protects H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress via Protection of Mitochondrial Dysfunction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3016382. [PMID: 29682157 PMCID: PMC5845511 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3016382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbitacin I, a triterpenoid natural compound, exhibits various pharmacological properties, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. However, antioxidant effects of cucurbitacin I in cardiac cells are currently unknown. In the present study, we assessed the preventive effects of cucurbitacin I against the oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. To evaluate antioxidant effects of cucurbitacin I in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, H2O2-treated H9c2 cells were pretreated with various concentrations of the cucurbitacin I. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptosis were determined to elucidate the protective effects of cucurbitacin I against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in H9c2 cells. In addition, we assessed the mitochondrial functions and protein expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Cucurbitacin I prevented the cells against cell death and ROS production and elevated the antioxidant protein levels upon oxidative stress. Furthermore, cucurbitacin I preserved the mitochondrial functions and inhibited the apoptotic responses in H2O2-treated cells. Cucurbitacin I also suppressed the activation of MAPK proteins (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38). Collectively, cucurbitacin I potentially protects the H9c2 cardiomyoblasts against oxidative stress and further suggests that it can be utilized as a therapeutic agent for the prevention of oxidative stress in cardiac injury.
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28
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Bai HY, Liao YJ, Cai MY, Ma NF, Zhang Q, Chen JW, Zhang JX, Wang FW, Wang CY, Chen WH, Jin XH, Xu RH, Guan XY, Xie D. Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 5A2 Contributes to the Maintenance of CD133(+) Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via the c-Myc/microRNA-29b Axis. Stem Cells 2018; 36:180-191. [PMID: 29119708 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs)/cancer-initiating cells (CICs) are suggested responsible for driving cancer resistance to conventional therapies and for cancer recurrence and/or metastasis. CD133 is served as a key biomarker to identify and characterize this subpopulation of cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous study indicated that overexpression of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) promotes HCC cell metastasis and angiogenesis. In this study, we demonstrated that EIF5A2 might play a crucial role in CSCs regulation and investigated its potential molecular mechanisms. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, we observed that the expression of EIF5A2 positively correlated with CD133 levels in a cohort of cancerous and noncancerous liver tissues and cells. Next, HCC cells with high expression of EIF5A2 have a strong capacity to form undifferentiated tumor spheres in vitro and show elevated levels of stem cell-related genes, leading to an increased ability to develop tumors when subcutaneously injected into nude mice. Furthermore, differential microRNA expression was profiling between two EIF5A2-depleted HCC cell lines and their control one identified a decreased expression of miR-29b in EIF5A2-depleted cell lines. Further functional studies illustrated that downregulated miR-29b level is responsible for EIF5A2-maintained HCC cell stemness either in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, enforced expression of EIF5A2 in HCC cells largely enhanced the binding of c-Myc on the promoter of miR-29b and downregulation of miR-29b by EIF5A2 was dependent on c-Myc. Our findings, collectively, reveal that EIF5A2 contributes to the maintenance of CD133+ HCC cells via the c-Myc/miR-29b axis. Stem Cells 2018;36:180-191.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ji Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning-Fang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Han Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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29
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Jiajia Q, Yan S, Changqing Y, Wenjing J, Han Z, Yuanpan C, Qiuyan L. [Clinical significance of CD44 and CD133 expression in oral potentially malignant disorder and oral squamous cell carcinoma]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:311-316. [PMID: 28675018 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the expression and relationship of CD44 and CD133 in normal oral mucosa, oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This work also analyzes the relationship between such expression and clinical factors. This study intends to evaluate the clinical value of using CD44 and CD133 as indices to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of OPMD. METHODS Clinical data from 60 patients with OPMD, 60 patients with OSCC, and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa were analyzed. Double immunohistochemical analysis was applied to investigate the expression of CD44 and CD133 in paraffin sections of normal oral mucosa, OPMD, and OSCC tissues. Subsequently, the relationships between such expression and clinical factors were analyzed. RESULTS The positive rates of CD44 expression in the normal oral mucosa, OPMD, and OSCC tissues were 100.00%, 96.67%, and 71.67% (P<0.05), respectively. Meanwhile, the positive rates of CD133 expression in the normal oral mucosa, OPMD, and OSCC tissues were 0.00%, 35.00%, and 63.33% (P<0.05), respectively. The expression of CD44 and CD133 was found to be correlated (P<0.05). Such expression was related to the clinical stages and lymphatic metastasis of OSCC (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS CD44 and CD133 can be used individually as clinical indices to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of OPMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiajia
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Sun Yan
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yuan Changqing
- Dept. of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jiang Wenjing
- Dept. of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhao Han
- Dept. of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Cao Yuanpan
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Liu Qiuyan
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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30
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Roy S, Lu K, Nayak MK, Bhuniya A, Ghosh T, Kundu S, Ghosh S, Baral R, Dasgupta PS, Basu S. Activation of D2 Dopamine Receptors in CD133+ve Cancer Stem Cells in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Inhibits Proliferation, Clonogenic Ability, and Invasiveness of These Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:435-445. [PMID: 27920206 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.748970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and among this cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) comprises the majority of cases. Furthermore, recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC correlate well with CD133+ve tumor cells, a small population of tumor cells that have been designated as cancer stem cells (CSC). We have demonstrated for the first time high expression of D2 dopamine (DA) receptors in CD133+ve adenocarcinoma NSCLC cells. Also, activation of D2 DA receptors in these cells significantly inhibited their proliferation, clonogenic ability, and invasiveness by suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and AKT, as well as down-regulation of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4) expression and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) secretion by these cells. These results are of significance as D2 DA agonists that are already in clinical use for treatment of other diseases may be useful in combination with conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy for better management of NSCLC patients by targeting both tumor cells and stem cell compartments in the tumor mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyabrata Roy
- From the Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Kai Lu
- the Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Mukti Kant Nayak
- the Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, India
| | - Avishek Bhuniya
- From the Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Tithi Ghosh
- From the Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Suman Kundu
- the Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India, and
| | - Sarbari Ghosh
- From the Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- From the Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Dasgupta
- From the Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India,
| | - Sujit Basu
- the Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, .,the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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31
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Liu CC, Lin JH, Hsu TW, Hsu JW, Chang JW, Su K, Hsu HS, Hung SC. Collagen XVII/laminin-5 activates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 9:1656-1672. [PMID: 29416721 PMCID: PMC5788589 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with tumor metastasis and tumorigenesis in lung cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). However, the exact mechanism underlying this is not clear. We used microarray analysis to identify candidate genes responsible for EMT in spheroid and monolayer cultures of lung cancer cells. We found increased expression of a variety of adhesion molecules in CSCs. One of these molecules, Collagen XVII (Col XVII), was demonstrated to be required for maintenance of EMT phenotypes and metastasis ability in lung CSCs. We showed that Col XVII stabilized laminin-5 to activate the FAK/AKT/GSK3β pathway, thereby suppressing Snail ubiquitination-degradation. The function of Col XVII was mainly dependent on shedding by ADAM9 and ADAM10. Patients who underwent surgical resection for lung cancer, and displayed overexpression of both Col XVII and laminin-5, had the worst prognosis of all expression types. Moreover, blockage of the Col XVII/laminin-5 pathway reduced the EMT phenotypes of lung CSCs in vitro and decreased the potential of lung metastasis in vivo. Our findings suggested that targeting Col XVII and laminin-5 could be novel therapeutic strategies for treating lung cancer patients, and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chi Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Han Lin
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Wei Hsu
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyuan-Wei Hsu
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Wei Chang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kelly Su
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Shui Hsu
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Stem Cell Center, Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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32
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Qin S, Wang X, Wu H, Xiao P, Cheng H, Zhang X, Ke Y. Cell-based phenotypic screening of mast cell degranulation unveils kinetic perturbations of agents targeting phosphorylation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31320. [PMID: 27502076 PMCID: PMC4977535 DOI: 10.1038/srep31320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells play an essential role in initiating allergic diseases. The activation of mast cells are controlled by a complicated signal network of reversible phosphorylation, and finding the key regulators involved in this network has been the focus of the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, we used a method named Time-dependent cell responding profile (TCRP) to track the process of mast cell degranulation under various perturbations caused by agents targeting phosphorylation. To test the feasibility of this high-throughput cell-based phenotypic screening method, a variety of biological techniques were used. We further screened 145 inhibitors and clustered them based on the similarities of their TCRPs. Stat3 phosphorylation has been widely reported as a key step in mast cell degranulation. Interestingly, our TCRP results showed that a Stat3 inhibitor JSI124 did not inhibit degranulation like other Stat3 inhibitors, such as Stattic, clearly inhibited degranulation. Regular endpoint assays demonstrated that the distinctive TCRP of JSI124 potentially correlated with the ability to induce apoptosis. Consequently, different agents possibly have disparate functions, which can be conveniently detected by TCRP. From this perspective, our TCRP screening method is reliable and sensitive when it comes to discovering and selecting novel compounds for new drug developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenlu Qin
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xumeng Wang
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huanwen Wu
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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33
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Elevated STAT3 expression in ovarian cancer ascites promotes invasion and metastasis: a potential therapeutic target. Oncogene 2016; 36:168-181. [PMID: 27292260 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although activation of the STAT3 pathway has been associated with tumor progression in a wide variety of cancer types (including ovarian cancer), the precise mechanism of invasion and metastasis due to STAT3 are not fully delineated in ovarian cancer. We found that pSTAT3 Tyr705 is constitutively activated in patient ascites and ascites-derived ovarian cancer cells (ADOCCs), and the range of STAT3 expression could be very high to low. In vivo transplantation of ADOCCs with high pSTAT3 expression into the ovarian bursa of mice resulted in a large primary tumor and widespread peritoneal metastases. In contrast, ADOCCs with low STAT3 expression or ADOCCs with STAT3 expression knockdown, led to reduced tumor growth and an absence of metastases in vivo. Cytokines derived from the ADOCC culture medium activate the interleukin (IL)-6/STAT pathway in the STAT3 knockout (KO) cells, compensating for the absence of inherent STAT3 in the cells. Treatment with HO-3867 (a novel STAT3 inhibitor at 100 p.p.m. in an orthotopic murine model) significantly suppressed ovarian tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis by targeting STAT3 and its downstream proteins. HO-3867 was found to have cytotoxic effects in ex vivo cultures of freshly collected human ovarian cancers, including those resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. Our results show that STAT3 is necessary for ovarian tumor progression/metastasis and highlight the potential for targeting STAT3 by HO-3867 as a therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
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Lazzari C, Verlicchi A, Gkountakos A, Pilotto S, Santarpia M, Chaib I, Ramirez Serrano JL, Viteri S, Morales-Espinosa D, Dazzi C, de Marinis F, Cao P, Karachaliou N, Rosell R. Molecular Bases for Combinatorial Treatment Strategies in Patients with KRAS Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma. Pulm Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s41030-016-0013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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35
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Pan Y, Wu Y, Ji J, Cai H, Wang H, Jiang Y, Sang L, Yang J, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yin L, Zhang LI. Effect of cytokine-induced killer cells on immune function in patients with lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:2827-2834. [PMID: 27073559 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells have been used as adoptive immunotherapy in cancer. The present study evaluated the effect of CIK cells on immune function in patients with lung cancer. Patients were divided into three groups, according to the treatment received prior to CIK cell treatment: CIK group (no prior treatment), Che-Sur group (prior chemotherapy and surgery) and Che-Rad group (prior chemotherapy and radiotherapy). Following treatment, the average percentage of cluster of differentiation (CD)3+CD4+, CD3+, natural killer (NK) and NKT cells in peripheral blood was significantly higher than that prior to CIK treatment in the Che-Sur and CIK groups, and the levels of interferon-γ in serum were significantly higher than those prior to CIK treatment in the Che-Sur and CIK groups. On the contrary, the levels of interleukin-10 had decreased in these groups following CIK treatment. Subsequently, patients were divided into three groups according to the percentage of CD3+CD56+ CIK cells that were administered to the patients. The number of NK and NKT cells increased with increasing number of CD3+CD56+ cells. The patients in the CIK and Che-Sur groups were the most benefited ones following CIK treatment, contrarily to those in the Che-Rad group, since the increase in the number of CD3+CD56+ CIK cells in the aforementioned patients enhanced the number of NK cells, which exhibit antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ji
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiao Cai
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Heshuang Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Limin Sang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Liangwei Yin
- Department of Cell Biological Treatment, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - L I Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
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Deng C, Zhang B, Zhang S, Duan C, Cao Y, Kang W, Yan H, Ding X, Zhou F, Wu L, Duan G, Shen S, Xu G, Zhang W, Chen M, Huang S, Zhang X, Lv Y, Ling T, Wang L, Zou X. Low nanomolar concentrations of Cucurbitacin-I induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by perturbing redox homeostasis in gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2106. [PMID: 26890145 PMCID: PMC5399186 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbitacin-I (Cu-I, also known as Elatericin B or JSI-124) is developed to inhibit constitutive and abnormal activation of STAT3 in many cancers, demonstrating a potent anticancer activity by targeting disruption of STAT3 function. Here, we for the first time systematically studied the underlying molecular mechanisms of Cu-I-induced gastric cancer cell death both in vitro and in vivo. In our study, we show that Cu-I markedly inhibits gastric cancer cell growth by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis at low nanomolar concentrations via a STAT3-independent mechanism. Notably, Cu-I significantly decreases intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio by inhibiting NRF2 pathway to break cellular redox homeostasis, and subsequently induces the expression of GADD45α in a p53-independent manner, and activates JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. Interestingly, Cu-I-induced GADD45α and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling form a positive feedback loop and can be reciprocally regulated by each other. Therefore, the present study provides new insights into the mechanisms of antitumor effects of Cu-I, supporting Cu-I as an attractive therapeutic drug in gastric cancer by modulating the redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - C Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - W Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - H Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - F Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - L Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - G Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - S Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - G Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - S Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - T Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - X Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
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Abstract
Chemoresistant metastatic relapse of minimal residual disease plays a significant role for poor prognosis of cancer. Growing evidence supports a critical role of cancer stem cell (CSC) behind the mechanisms for this deadly disease. This review briefly introduces the basics of the conventional chemotherapies, updates the CSC theories, highlights the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which CSC smartly designs and utilizes multiple lines of self-defense to avoid being killed by chemotherapy, and concisely summarizes recent progress in studies on CSC-targeted therapies in the end, with the hope to help guide future research toward developing more effective therapeutic strategies to eradicate tumor cells in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihe Zhao
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6900 Lake Nona Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
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Leon G, MacDonagh L, Finn SP, Cuffe S, Barr MP. Cancer stem cells in drug resistant lung cancer: Targeting cell surface markers and signaling pathways. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 158:71-90. [PMID: 26706243 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Despite advances in anti-cancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies, five-year survival rates remain poor (<15%). Inherent and acquired resistance has been identified as a key factor in reducing the efficacy of current cytotoxic therapies in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There is growing evidence suggesting that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in tumor progression, metastasis and drug resistance. Similar to normal tissue stem cells, CSCs exhibit significant phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. While CSCs have been reported in a wide spectrum of human tumors, the biology of CSCs in NSCLC remain elusive. Current anti-cancer therapies fail to eradicate CSC clones and instead, favor the expansion of the CSC pool and select for resistant CSC clones thereby resulting in treatment resistance and subsequent relapse in these patients. The identification of CSC-specific marker subsets and the targeted therapeutic destruction of CSCs remains a significant challenge. Strategies aimed at efficient targeting of CSCs are becoming increasingly important for monitoring the progress of cancer therapy and for evaluating new therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the current knowledge of cancer stem cell markers in treatment-resistant lung cancer cells and the signaling cascades activated by these cells to maintain their stem-like properties. Recent progress in CSC-targeted drug development and the current status of novel agents in clinical trials are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Leon
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Lauren MacDonagh
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Stephen P Finn
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Histopathology, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Martin P Barr
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital & Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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Premkumar DR, Jane EP, Pollack IF. Cucurbitacin-I inhibits Aurora kinase A, Aurora kinase B and survivin, induces defects in cell cycle progression and promotes ABT-737-induced cell death in a caspase-independent manner in malignant human glioma cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:233-43. [PMID: 25482928 DOI: 10.4161/15384047.2014.987548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Because STAT signaling is commonly activated in malignant gliomas as a result of constitutive EGFR activation, strategies for inhibiting the EGFR/JAK/STAT cascade are of significant interest. We, therefore, treated a panel of established glioma cell lines, including EGFR overexpressors, and primary cultures derived from patients diagnosed with glioblastoma with the JAK/STAT inhibitor cucurbitacin-I. Treatment with cucurbitacin-I depleted p-STAT3, p-STAT5, p-JAK1 and p-JAK2 levels, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced G2/M accumulation, DNA endoreduplication, and multipolar mitotic spindles. Longer exposure to cucurbitacin-I significantly reduced the number of viable cells and this decrease in viability was associated with cell death, as confirmed by an increase in the subG1 fraction. Our data also demonstrated that cucurbitacin-I strikingly downregulated Aurora kinase A, Aurora kinase B and survivin. We then searched for agents that exhibited a synergistic effect on cell death in combination with cucurbitacin-I. We found that cotreatment with cucurbitacin-I significantly increased Bcl(-)2/Bcl(-)xL family member antagonist ABT-737-induced cell death regardless of EGFR/PTEN/p53 status of malignant human glioma cell lines. Although >50% of the cucurbitacin-I plus ABT-737 treated cells were annexin V and propidium iodide positive, PARP cleavage or caspase activation was not observed. Pretreatment of z-VAD-fmk, a pan caspase inhibitor did not inhibit cell death, suggesting a caspase-independent mechanism of cell death. Genetic inhibition of Aurora kinase A or Aurora kinase B or survivin by RNA interference also sensitized glioma cells to ABT-737, suggesting a link between STAT activation and Aurora kinases in malignant gliomas.
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Key Words
- Aurora kinases
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- Glioma
- MTS, 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol- 2yl]-5-[3-carboxymethoxyphenyl]-2-[4-sulfophenyl]-2H, tetrazolium
- NF-кB, nuclear factor кB
- PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDGFR, platelet derived growth factor receptor
- PI, propidium iodide
- PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase
- TBS, Tris-buffered saline
- TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis inducing ligand
- caspase-independent cell death
- cell cycle arrest
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Premkumar
- a Department of Neurosurgery ; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ; Pittsburgh , PA USA
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Kanthala S, Pallerla S, Jois S. Current and future targeted therapies for non-small-cell lung cancers with aberrant EGF receptors. Future Oncol 2015; 11:865-78. [PMID: 25757687 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the EGF receptors (EGFRs) is abnormally high in many types of cancer, including 25% of lung cancers. Successful treatments target mutations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, almost all patients develop resistance to this treatment, and acquired resistance to first-generation TKI has prompted the clinical development of a second generation of EGFR TKI. Because of the development of resistance to treatment of TKIs, there is a need to collect genomic information about EGFR levels in non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Herein, we focus on current molecular targets that have therapies available as well as other targets for which therapies will be available in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Kanthala
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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Lewis KM, Bharadwaj U, Eckols TK, Kolosov M, Kasembeli MM, Fridley C, Siller R, Tweardy DJ. Small-molecule targeting of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2015; 90:182-90. [PMID: 26410177 PMCID: PMC4619129 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has an overall 5-year survival rate of 15%. While aberrant STAT3 activation has previously been observed in NSCLC, the scope of its contribution is uncertain and agents that target STAT3 for treatment are not available clinically. METHODS We determined levels of activated STAT3 (STAT3 phosphorylated on Y705, pSTAT3) and the two major isoforms of STAT3 (α and β) in protein extracts of 8 NSCLC cell lines, as well as the effects of targeting STAT3 in vitro and in vivo in NSCLC cells using short hairpin (sh) RNA and two novel small-molecule STAT3 inhibitors, C188-9 and piperlongumine (PL). RESULTS Levels of pSTAT3, STAT3α, and STATβ were increased in 7 of 8 NSCLC cell lines. Of note, levels of pSTAT3 were tightly correlated with levels of STAT3β, but not STAT3α. Targeting of STAT3 in A549 cells using shRNA decreased tSTAT3 by 75%; this was accompanied by a 47-78% reduction in anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth and a 28-45% reduction in mRNA levels for anti-apoptotic STAT3 gene targets. C188-9 and PL (@30 μM) each reduced pSTAT3 levels in all NSCLC cell lines tested by ≥50%, reduced anti-apoptotic protein mRNA levels by 25-60%, and reduced both anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth of NSCLC cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 3.06 to 52.44 μM and 0.86 to 11.66 μM, respectively. Treatment of nude mice bearing A549 tumor xenografts with C188-9 or PL blocked tumor growth and reduced levels of pSTAT3 and mRNA encoding anti-apoptotic proteins. CONCLUSION STAT3 is essential for growth of NSCLC cell lines and tumors and its targeting using C188-9 or PL may be a useful strategy for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Lewis
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Uddalak Bharadwaj
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T Kris Eckols
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail Kolosov
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Moses M Kasembeli
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Colleen Fridley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ricardo Siller
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David J Tweardy
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Cai Y, Fang X, He C, Li P, Xiao F, Wang Y, Chen M. Cucurbitacins: A Systematic Review of the Phytochemistry and Anticancer Activity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:1331-50. [PMID: 26503558 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cucurbitacins are highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids that are widely present in traditional Chinese medicines (Cucurbitaceae family), possess strong anticancer activity, and are divided into 12 classes from A to T with over 200 derivatives. The eight most active cucurbitacin components against cancer are cucurbitacin B, D, E, I, IIa, L glucoside, Q, and R. Their mechanisms of action include antiproliferation, inhibition of migration and invasion, proapoptosis, and cell cycle arrest promotion. Cucurbitacins are also found to be the inhibitors of JAK-STAT3, Wnt, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways, which play important roles in the apoptosis and survival of cancer cells. Recently, new studies have discovered synergistic anticancer effects by using cucurbitacins together with clinically approved chemotherapeutic drugs, such as docetaxel and methotrexate. This paper provides a summary of recent research progress on the anticancer property of cucurbitacins and the various intracellular signaling pathways involved in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, death, invasion, and migration. Therefore, cucurbitacins are a class of promising anticancer drugs to be used alone or be intergraded in current chemotherapies and radiotherapies to treat many types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuee Cai
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Xiefan Fang
- † Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chengwei He
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xiao
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China.,‡ Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
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Jeong MH, Kim SJ, Kang H, Park KW, Park WJ, Yang SY, Yang DK. Cucurbitacin I Attenuates Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy via Inhibition of Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CCN2) and TGF- β/Smads Signalings. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136236. [PMID: 26296085 PMCID: PMC4546681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacin I is a naturally occurring triterpenoid derived from Cucurbitaceae family plants that exhibits a number of potentially useful pharmacological and biological activities. However, the therapeutic impact of cucurbitacin I on the heart has not heretofore been reported. To evaluate the functional role of cucurbitacin I in an in vitro model of cardiac hypertrophy, phenylephrine (PE)-stimulated cardiomyocytes were treated with a sub-cytotoxic concentration of the compound, and the effects on cell size and mRNA expression levels of ANF and β-MHC were investigated. Consequently, PE-induced cell enlargement and upregulation of ANF and β-MHC were significantly suppressed by pretreatment of the cardiomyocytes with cucurbitacin I. Notably, cucurbitacin I also impaired connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and MAPK signaling, pro-hypertrophic factors, as well as TGF-β/Smad signaling, the important contributing factors to fibrosis. The protective impact of cucurbitacin I was significantly blunted in CTGF-silenced or TGF-β1-silenced hypertrophic cardiomyocytes, indicating that the compound exerts its beneficial actions through CTGF. Taken together, these findings signify that cucurbitacin I protects the heart against cardiac hypertrophy via inhibition of CTGF/MAPK, and TGF- β/Smad-facilitated events. Accordingly, the present study provides new insights into the defensive capacity of cucurbitacin I against cardiac hypertrophy, and further suggesting cucurbitacin I's utility as a novel therapeutic agent for the management of heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Hee Jeong
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shang-Jin Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hara Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Park
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yul Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwon Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Redox Regulation in Cancer Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:750798. [PMID: 26273424 PMCID: PMC4529979 DOI: 10.1155/2015/750798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-dependent (redox regulation) signaling pathways and transcriptional activities are thought to be critical in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation during growth and organogenesis. Aberrant ROS burst and dysregulation of those ROS-dependent cellular processes are strongly associated with human diseases including many cancers. ROS levels are elevated in cancer cells partially due to their higher metabolism rate. In the past 15 years, the concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been gaining ground as the subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties and characteristics have been identified in various cancers. CSCs possess low levels of ROS and are responsible for cancer recurrence after chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Unfortunately, how CSCs control ROS production and scavenging and how ROS-dependent signaling pathways contribute to CSCs function remain poorly understood. This review focuses on the role of redox balance, especially in ROS-dependent cellular processes in cancer stem cells (CSCs). We updated recent advances in our understanding of ROS generation and elimination in CSCs and their effects on CSC self-renewal and differentiation through modulating signaling pathways and transcriptional activities. The review concludes that targeting CSCs by manipulating ROS metabolism/dependent pathways may be an effective approach for improving cancer treatment.
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Hira SK, Mondal I, Manna PP. Combined immunotherapy with whole tumor lysate–pulsed interleukin-15–activated dendritic cells and cucurbitacin I promotes strong CD8+ T-cell responses and cures highly aggressive lymphoma. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:647-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Song J, Liu H, Li Z, Yang C, Wang C. Cucurbitacin I inhibits cell migration and invasion and enhances chemosensitivity in colon cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1867-71. [PMID: 25625299 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancers are the third most common types of cancers worldwide. Surgical resection is unable to eliminate tumors completely due to metastasis. A demand for new chemotherapeutic tools exists. In the present study, we examined the chemopreventive potential of cucurbitacin I, a natural component extracted from plants of the Cucurbitaceae family, in the colon cancer cell line COLO205. We hypothesized that cucurbitacin I would prevent colon cancer cell migration and invasion, and sensitize colon cancer cells to chemotherapy. Our data demonstrated that exposure of the COLO205 cells to cucurbitacin I significantly decreased cell viability. Furthermore our data demonstrated for the first time that in the COLO205 cells, cucurbitacin I could suppress the cell migration and invasion, and harbor chemosensitization activity against colon cancer. The anticancer activity of cucurbitacin I was accomplished by downregulating p-STAT3 and MMP-9 expression. Collectively, our results suggest that cucurbitacin I may be a potent adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent for colon cancer with anti-migration, anti-invasion and chemosensitizing activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Song
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, P.R. China
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Dutta P, Sabri N, Li J, Li WX. Role of STAT3 in lung cancer. JAKSTAT 2015; 3:e999503. [PMID: 26413424 DOI: 10.1080/21623996.2014.999503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains a challenging disease. It is responsible for the high cancer mortality rates in the US and worldwide. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms operative in lung cancer is an important first step in developing effective therapies. Accumulating evidence over the last 2 decades suggests a critical role for Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) as a point of convergence for various signaling pathways that are dysregulated in the disease. In this review, we discuss possible molecular mechanisms involving STAT3 in lung tumorigenesis based on recent literature. We consider possible roles of STAT3 in cancer cell proliferation and survival, in the tumor immune environment, and in epigenetic regulation and interaction of STAT3 with other transcription factors. We also discuss the potential role of STAT3 in tumor suppression, which complicates strategies of targeting STAT3 in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranabananda Dutta
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego ; La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Nafiseh Sabri
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego ; La Jolla, CA USA ; Department of Chemistry & Molecular Biology; University of Gothenburg ; Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jinghong Li
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego ; La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Willis X Li
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego ; La Jolla, CA USA
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Yuan X, Du J, Hua S, Zhang H, Gu C, Wang J, Yang L, Huang J, Yu J, Liu F. Suppression of autophagy augments the radiosensitizing effects of STAT3 inhibition on human glioma cells. Exp Cell Res 2015; 330:267-276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Zhao L, Yan X, Shi J, Ren F, Liu L, Sun S, Shan B. Ethanol extract of Forsythia suspensa root induces apoptosis of esophageal carcinoma cells via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:871-80. [PMID: 25373392 PMCID: PMC4262507 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Forsythia suspensa root is used in the treatment of fever and jaundice in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In the present study, the anti-tumor activity of the ethanolic extract of Forsythia suspensa root (FSREE) against esophageal carcinoma cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo and its anti-cancer mechanism was examined. The results revealed that FSREE, rather than Forsythia suspensa ethanolic extracts from the leaf (FSLEE) and fruit (FSFEE) exhibited marked anti-tumor activity towards human esophageal cancer cells. FSREE induced cancer cell apoptosis and growth arrest by downregulating B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, Bcl-extra large and myeloid cell leukemia 1, while upregulating Bcl-2-associated X protein, Bcl-2 antagonist of cell death and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1. This led to the activation of poly(ADP ribose) polymerase, caspase-3 and caspase-9, but not caspase-8. Furthermore, the anti-cancer activity of FSREE was associated with a decreased level of phosphorylated Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase signaling activity. It was also observed that the levels of cytochrome c were elevated in the cytoplasm, accounting for the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in the TE-13 cells upon treatment with FSEER. In addition, FSEER inhibited the growth of esophageal cancer cells in xenograft models and no detectable toxicity was present in the lung or liver tissues. These observations provided further evidence of the anti-tumor effect of FSEER and may be of importance to further examine the potential role of Forsythia suspensa root as a therapeutic agent in esophageal carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmei Zhao
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xi Yan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Juan Shi
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Fengzhi Ren
- Department of Natural Medicine Development, New Drug Research and Development Center of North China Pharmaceutical Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050015, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Shiping Sun
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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50
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Downregulation of endogenous STAT3 augments tumoricidal activity of interleukin 15 activated dendritic cell against lymphoma and leukemia via TRAIL. Exp Cell Res 2014; 327:192-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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