1
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Grimstvedt JS, Shelton AM, Hoerder‐Suabedissen A, Oliver DK, Berndtsson CH, Blankvoort S, Nair RR, Packer AM, Witter MP, Kentros CG. A multifaceted architectural framework of the mouse claustrum complex. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1772-1795. [PMID: 37782702 PMCID: PMC10953385 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Accurate anatomical characterizations are necessary to investigate neural circuitry on a fine scale, but for the rodent claustrum complex (CLCX), this has yet to be fully accomplished. The CLCX is generally considered to comprise two major subdivisions, the claustrum (CL) and the dorsal endopiriform nucleus (DEn), but regional boundaries to these areas are debated. To address this, we conducted a multifaceted analysis of fiber- and cytoarchitecture, genetic marker expression, and connectivity using mice of both sexes, to create a comprehensive guide for identifying and delineating borders to CLCX, including an online reference atlas. Our data indicated four distinct subregions within CLCX, subdividing both CL and DEn into two. Additionally, we conducted brain-wide tracing of inputs to CLCX using a transgenic mouse line. Immunohistochemical staining against myelin basic protein (MBP), parvalbumin (PV), and calbindin (CB) revealed intricate fiber-architectural patterns enabling precise delineations of CLCX and its subregions. Myelinated fibers were abundant dorsally in CL but absent ventrally, whereas PV expressing fibers occupied the entire CL. CB staining revealed a central gap within CL, also visible anterior to the striatum. The Nr2f2, Npsr1, and Cplx3 genes expressed specifically within different subregions of the CLCX, and Rprm helped delineate the CL-insular border. Furthermore, cells in CL projecting to the retrosplenial cortex were located within the myelin sparse area. By combining own experimental data with digitally available datasets of gene expression and input connectivity, we could demonstrate that the proposed delineation scheme allows anchoring of datasets from different origins to a common reference framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim S. Grimstvedt
- Kavli Institute for Systems NeuroscienceNTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Andrew M. Shelton
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - David K. Oliver
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Christin H. Berndtsson
- Kavli Institute for Systems NeuroscienceNTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Stefan Blankvoort
- Kavli Institute for Systems NeuroscienceNTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Rajeevkumar R. Nair
- Kavli Institute for Systems NeuroscienceNTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Adam M. Packer
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Menno P. Witter
- Kavli Institute for Systems NeuroscienceNTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Clifford G. Kentros
- Kavli Institute for Systems NeuroscienceNTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Institute of NeuroscienceUniversity of OregonEugeneOregonUSA
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2
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Madden MB, Stewart BW, White MG, Krimmel SR, Qadir H, Barrett FS, Seminowicz DA, Mathur BN. A role for the claustrum in cognitive control. Trends Cogn Sci 2022; 26:1133-1152. [PMID: 36192309 PMCID: PMC9669149 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Early hypotheses of claustrum function were fueled by neuroanatomical data and yielded suggestions that the claustrum is involved in processes ranging from salience detection to multisensory integration for perceptual binding. While these hypotheses spurred useful investigations, incompatibilities inherent in these views must be reconciled to further conceptualize claustrum function amid a wealth of new data. Here, we review the varied models of claustrum function and synthesize them with developments in the field to produce a novel functional model: network instantiation in cognitive control (NICC). This model proposes that frontal cortices direct the claustrum to flexibly instantiate cortical networks to subserve cognitive control. We present literature support for this model and provide testable predictions arising from this conceptual framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell B Madden
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Brent W Stewart
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael G White
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Samuel R Krimmel
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Houman Qadir
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Frederick S Barrett
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David A Seminowicz
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian N Mathur
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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3
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Morello T, Kollmar R, Stewart M, Orman R. The retrosplenial cortex of Carollia perspicillata, Seba's short-tailed fruit bat. Hippocampus 2022; 32:752-764. [PMID: 36018284 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is a brain region involved in critical cognitive functions including memory, planning, and spatial navigation and is commonly affected in neurodegenerative diseases. Subregions of RSC are typically described as Brodmann areas 29 and 30, which are defined by cytoarchitectural features. Using immunofluorescence, we studied the distributions of neurons immunoreactive for NeuN, latexin, and calcium binding proteins (calbindin, calretinin, and parvalbumin) in RSC of Carollia perspicillata, Seba's short-tailed fruit bat. We observed that latexin was specifically present in areas 29a and 29b but not 29c and 30. We further identified distribution patterns of calcium binding proteins that group areas 29a and 29b separately from areas 29c and 30. We conclude first that latexin is a useful marker to classify subregions of RSC and second that these subregions contain distinct patterns of neuronal immunoreactivity for calcium binding proteins. Given the long lifespan of Carollia, bat RSC may be a useful model in studying age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Morello
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Richard Kollmar
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Mark Stewart
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.,Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Rena Orman
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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4
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Differential distribution of inhibitory neuron types in subregions of claustrum and dorsal endopiriform nucleus of the short-tailed fruit bat. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:1615-1640. [PMID: 35188589 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Few brain regions have such wide-ranging inputs and outputs as the claustrum does, and fewer have posed equivalent challenges in defining their structural boundaries. We studied the distributions of three calcium-binding proteins-calretinin, parvalbumin, and calbindin-in the claustrum and dorsal endopiriform nucleus of the fruit bat, Carollia perspicillata. The proportionately large sizes of claustrum and dorsal endopiriform nucleus in Carollia brain afford unique access to these structures' intrinsic anatomy. Latexin immunoreactivity permits a separation of claustrum into core and shell subregions and an equivalent separation of dorsal endopiriform nucleus. Using latexin labeling, we found that the claustral shell in Carollia brain can be further subdivided into at least four distinct subregions. Calretinin and parvalbumin immunoreactivity reinforced the boundaries of the claustral core and its shell subregions with diametrically opposite distribution patterns. Calretinin, parvalbumin, and calbindin all colocalized with GAD67, indicating that these proteins label inhibitory neurons in both claustrum and dorsal endopiriform nucleus. Calretinin, however, also colocalized with latexin in a subset of neurons. Confocal microscopy revealed appositions that suggest synaptic contacts between cells labeled for each of the three calcium-binding proteins and latexin-immunoreactive somata in claustrum and dorsal endopiriform nucleus. Our results indicate significant subregional differences in the intrinsic inhibitory connectivity within and between claustrum and dorsal endopiriform nucleus. We conclude that the claustrum is structurally more complex than previously appreciated and that claustral and dorsal endopiriform nucleus subregions are differentially modulated by multiple inhibitory systems. These findings can also account for the excitability differences between claustrum and dorsal endopiriform nucleus described previously.
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5
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Carollia perspicillata: A Small Bat with Tremendous Translational Potential for Studies of Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101454. [PMID: 34680571 PMCID: PMC8533637 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As the average human lifespan lengthens, the impact of neurodegenerative disease increases, both on the individual suffering neurodegeneration and on the community that supports those individuals. Studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of neurodegeneration have relied heavily on observational studies of humans and experimental studies in animals, such as mice, in which aspects of brain structure and function can be manipulated to target mechanistic steps. An animal model whose brain is structurally closer to the human brain, that lives much longer than rodents, and whose husbandry is practical may be valuable for mechanistic studies that cannot readily be conducted in rodents. To demonstrate that the long-lived Seba’s short-tailed fruit bat, Carollia perspicillata, may fit this role, we used immunohistochemical labeling for NeuN and three calcium-binding proteins, calretinin, parvalbumin, and calbindin, to define hippocampal formation anatomy. Our findings demonstrate patterns of principal neuron organization that resemble primate and human hippocampal formation and patterns of calcium-binding protein distribution that help to define subregional boundaries. Importantly, we present evidence for a clear prosubiculum in the bat brain that resembles primate prosubiculum. Based on the similarities between bat and human hippocampal formation anatomy, we suggest that Carollia has unique advantages for the study of brain aging and neurodegeneration. A captive colony of Carollia allows age tracking, diet and environment control, pharmacological manipulation, and access to behavioral, physiological, anatomical, and molecular evaluation.
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6
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Marriott BA, Do AD, Zahacy R, Jackson J. Topographic gradients define the projection patterns of the claustrum core and shell in mice. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:1607-1627. [PMID: 32975316 PMCID: PMC8048916 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The claustrum is densely connected to the cortex and participates in brain functions such as attention and sleep. Although some studies have reported the widely divergent organization of claustrum projections, others describe parallel claustrocortical connections to different cortical regions. Therefore, the details underlying how claustrum neurons broadcast information to cortical networks remain incompletely understood. Using multicolor retrograde tracing we determined the density, topography, and co-projection pattern of 14 claustrocortical pathways, in mice. We spatially registered these pathways to a common coordinate space and found that the claustrocortical system is topographically organized as a series of overlapping spatial modules, continuously distributed across the dorsoventral claustrum axis. The claustrum core projects predominantly to frontal-midline cortical regions, whereas the dorsal and ventral shell project to the cortical motor system and temporal lobe, respectively. Anatomically connected cortical regions receive common input from a subset of claustrum neurons shared by neighboring modules, whereas spatially separated regions of cortex are innervated by different claustrum modules. Therefore, each output module exhibits a unique position within the claustrum and overlaps substantially with other modules projecting to functionally related cortical regions. Claustrum inhibitory cells containing parvalbumin, somatostatin, and neuropeptide Y also show unique topographical distributions, suggesting different output modules are controlled by distinct inhibitory circuit motifs. The topographic organization of excitatory and inhibitory cell types may enable parallel claustrum outputs to independently coordinate distinct cortical networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A. Marriott
- Neuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Alison D. Do
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Ryan Zahacy
- Neuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Jesse Jackson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
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7
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Pirone A, Graïc J, Grisan E, Cozzi B. The claustrum of the sheep and its connections to the visual cortex. J Anat 2021; 238:1-12. [PMID: 32885430 PMCID: PMC7755083 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study analyses the organization and selected neurochemical features of the claustrum and visual cortex of the sheep, based on the patterns of calcium-binding proteins expression. Connections of the claustrum with the visual cortex have been studied by tractography. Parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV-ir) and Calbindin-immunoreactive (CB-ir) cell bodies increased along the rostro-caudal axis of the nucleus. Calretinin (CR)-labeled somata were few and evenly distributed along the rostro-caudal axis. PV and CB distribution in the visual cortex was characterized by larger round and multipolar cells for PV, and more bitufted neurons for CB. The staining pattern for PV was the opposite of that of CR, which showed densely stained but rare cell bodies. Tractography shows the existence of connections with the caudal visual cortex. However, we detected no contralateral projection in the visuo-claustral interconnections. Since sheep and goats have laterally placed eyes and a limited binocular vision, the absence of contralateral projections could be of prime importance if confirmed by other studies, to rule out the role of the claustrum in stereopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pirone
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Jean‐Marie Graïc
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food ScienceUniversity of PadovaLegnaroItaly
| | - Enrico Grisan
- Department of Information EngineeringUniversity of PadovaVicenzaItaly,School of EngineeringLondon South Bank UniversityLondonUK
| | - Bruno Cozzi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food ScienceUniversity of PadovaLegnaroItaly
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8
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Pirone A, Lazzarini G, Lenzi C, Giannessi E, Miragliotta V. Immunolocalization of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), monoglyceride lipase (MGL) and fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1 (FAAH) in the pig claustrum. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 109:101843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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9
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Radtke-Schuller S, Fenzl T, Peremans H, Schuller G, Firzlaff U. Cyto- and myeloarchitectural brain atlas of the pale spear-nosed bat (Phyllostomus discolor) in CT Aided Stereotaxic Coordinates. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:2509-2520. [PMID: 32936343 PMCID: PMC7544721 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor, a microchiropteran bat, is well established as an animal model for research on the auditory system, echolocation and social communication of species-specific vocalizations. We have created a brain atlas of Phyllostomus discolor that provides high-quality histological material for identification of brain structures in reliable stereotaxic coordinates to strengthen neurobiological studies of this key species. The new atlas combines high-resolution images of frontal sections alternately stained for cell bodies (Nissl) and myelinated fibers (Gallyas) at 49 rostrocaudal levels, at intervals of 350 µm. To facilitate comparisons with other species, brain structures were named according to the widely accepted Paxinos nomenclature and previous neuroanatomical studies of other bat species. Outlines of auditory cortical fields, as defined in earlier studies, were mapped onto atlas sections and onto the brain surface, together with the architectonic subdivisions of the neocortex. X-ray computerized tomography (CT) of the bat's head was used to establish the relationship between coordinates of brain structures and the skull. We used profile lines and the occipital crest as skull landmarks to line up skull and brain in standard atlas coordinates. An easily reproducible protocol allows sectioning of experimental brains in the standard frontal plane of the atlas. An electronic version of the atlas plates and supplementary material is available from https://doi.org/10.12751/g-node.8bbcxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Radtke-Schuller
- Lehrstuhl für Zoologie, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Thomas Fenzl
- Klinikum für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin am Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert Peremans
- Department of Engineering Management, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gerd Schuller
- Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Uwe Firzlaff
- Lehrstuhl für Zoologie, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
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10
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Pham X, Wright DK, Atapour N, Chan JMH, Watkins KJ, Worthy KH, Rosa M, Reichelt A, Reser DH. Internal Subdivisions of the Marmoset Claustrum Complex: Identification by Myeloarchitectural Features and High Field Strength Imaging. Front Neuroanat 2019; 13:96. [PMID: 31827427 PMCID: PMC6890826 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a surge of interest in the structure and function of the mammalian claustrum in recent years. However, most anatomical and physiological studies treat the claustrum as a relatively homogenous structure. Relatively little attention has been directed toward possible compartmentalization of the claustrum complex into anatomical subdivisions, and how this compartmentalization is reflected in claustrum connections with other brain structures. In this study, we examined the cyto- and myelo-architecture of the claustrum of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), to determine whether the claustrum contains internal anatomical structures or compartments, which could facilitate studies focused on understanding its role in brain function. NeuN, Nissl, calbindin, parvalbumin, and myelin-stained sections from eight adult marmosets were studied using light microscopy and serial reconstruction to identify potential internal compartments. Ultra high resolution (9.4T) post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging was employed to identify tractographic differences between identified claustrum subcompartments by diffusion-weighted tractography. Our results indicate that the classically defined marmoset claustrum includes at least two major subdivisions, which correspond to the dorsal endopiriform and insular claustrum nuclei, as described in other species, and that the dorsal endopiriform nucleus (DEnD) contains architecturally distinct compartments. Furthermore, the dorsal subdivision of the DEnD is tractographically distinguishable from the insular claustrum with respect to cortical connections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nafiseh Atapour
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University Node, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan M-H Chan
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University Node, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kirsty J Watkins
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrina H Worthy
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcello Rosa
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University Node, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy Reichelt
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - David H Reser
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Graduate Entry Medicine Program, Monash Rural Health, Churchill, VIC, Australia
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11
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Baizer JS, Webster CJ, Baker JF. The Claustrum in the Squirrel Monkey. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:1439-1454. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan S. Baizer
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo Buffalo New York
| | - Charles J. Webster
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo Buffalo New York
| | - James F. Baker
- Department of PhysiologyNorthwestern University Medical School Chicago Illinois
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12
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Pirone A, Miragliotta V, Cozzi B, Granato A. The Claustrum of the Pig: An Immunohistochemical and a Quantitative Golgi Study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 302:1638-1646. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pirone
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | | | - Bruno Cozzi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food ScienceUniversity of Padova Legnaro Italy
| | - Alberto Granato
- Department of PsychologyCatholic University of the Sacred Heart Milan Italy
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13
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Smith JB, Alloway KD, Hof PR, Orman R, Reser DH, Watakabe A, Watson GDR. The relationship between the claustrum and endopiriform nucleus: A perspective towards consensus on cross-species homology. J Comp Neurol 2019; 527:476-499. [PMID: 30225888 PMCID: PMC6421118 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the emergence of interest in studying the claustrum, a recent special issue of the Journal of Comparative Neurology dedicated to the claustrum (Volume 525, Issue 6, pp. 1313-1513) brought to light questions concerning the relationship between the claustrum (CLA) and a region immediately ventral known as the endopiriform nucleus (En). These structures have been identified as separate entities in rodents but appear as a single continuous structure in primates. During the recent Society for Claustrum Research meeting, a panel of experts presented data pertaining to the relationship of these regions and held a discussion on whether the CLA and En should be considered (a) separate unrelated structures, (b) separate nuclei within the same formation, or (c) subregions of a continuous structure. This review article summarizes that discussion, presenting comparisons of the cytoarchitecture, neurochemical profiles, genetic markers, and anatomical connectivity of the CLA and En across several mammalian species. In rodents, we conclude that the CLA and the dorsal endopiriform nucleus (DEn) are subregions of a larger complex, which likely performs analogous computations and exert similar effects on their respective cortical targets (e.g., sensorimotor versus limbic). Moving forward, we recommend that the field retain the nomenclature currently employed for this region but should continue to examine the delineation of these structures across different species. Using thorough descriptions of a variety of anatomical features, this review offers a clear definition of the CLA and En in rodents, which provides a framework for identifying homologous structures in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared B. Smith
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kevin D. Alloway
- Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Patrick R. Hof
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rena Orman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11203 USA
| | - David H. Reser
- Graduate Entry Medicine Program, Monash Rural Health Churchill, Monash University, Churchill, Victoria 3842, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Glenn D. R. Watson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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14
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Pirone A, Miragliotta V, Ciregia F, Giannessi E, Cozzi B. The catecholaminergic innervation of the claustrum of the pig. J Anat 2017; 232:158-166. [PMID: 28967096 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, the number of studies employing the pig brain as a model for neurochemical studies has dramatically increased. The key translational features of the pig brain are the similarities with the cortical and subcortical structures of the human brain. In addition, the caudalmost part of the pig claustrum (CL) is characterized by a wide enlargement called posterior puddle, an ideal structure for physiological recordings. Several hypotheses have been proposed for CL function, the key factor being its reciprocal connectivity with most areas of the cerebral cortex and selected subcortical structures. However, afferents from the brainstem could also be involved. The brainstem is the main source of catecholaminergic axons that play an important neuromodulatory action in different brain functions. To study a possible role of the CL in catecholaminergic pathways, we analyzed the presence and the distribution of afferents immunostained with antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine betahydroxylase (DBH) in the pig CL. Here we show that the CL contains significant TH immunoreactive axons contacting perikarya, whereas projections staining for DBH are very scarce. Our findings hint at the possibility that brainstem catecholaminergic afferents project to the CL, suggesting (i) a possible role of this nucleus in functions controlled by brainstem structures; and, consequently, (ii) its potential involvement in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative pathologies, including Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pirone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Federica Ciregia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Cozzi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, PD, Italy
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