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Roshani M, Rezaian-Isfahni A, Lotfalizadeh MH, Khassafi N, Abadi MHJN, Nejati M. Metal nanoparticles as a potential technique for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer: a comprehensive review. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:280. [PMID: 37981671 PMCID: PMC10657605 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a major health problem worldwide, and current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are often inadequate. Various metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely studied for several biomedical applications, including cancer. They may potentially overcome the challenges associated with conventional chemotherapy and significantly impact the overall survival of GI cancer patients. Functionalized MNPs with targeted ligands provide more efficient localization of tumor energy deposition, better solubility and stability, and specific targeting properties. In addition to enhanced therapeutic efficacy, MNPs are also a diagnostic tool for molecular imaging of malignant lesions, enabling non-invasive imaging or detection of tumor-specific or tumor-associated antigens. MNP-based therapeutic systems enable simultaneous stability and solubility of encapsulated drugs and regulate the delivery of therapeutic agents directly to tumor cells, which improves therapeutic efficacy and minimizes drug toxicity and leakage into normal cells. However, metal nanoparticles have been shown to have a cytotoxic effect on cells in vitro. This can be a concern when using metal nanoparticles for cancer treatment, as they may also kill healthy cells in addition to cancer cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of the field, including preparation methods of MNPs, clinical applications, and advances in their use in targeted GI cancer therapy, as well as the advantages and limitations of using metal nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer such as potential toxicity. We also discuss potential future directions and areas for further research, including the development of novel MNP-based approaches and the optimization of existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Roshani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arya Rezaian-Isfahni
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Negar Khassafi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Jafari Najaf Abadi
- Research Center for Health Technology Assessment and Medical Informatics, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Majid Nejati
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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2
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Qin W, Chandra J, Abourehab MAS, Gupta N, Chen ZS, Kesharwani P, Cao HL. New opportunities for RGD-engineered metal nanoparticles in cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:87. [PMID: 37226188 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of nanotechnology has opened new possibilities for bioimaging. Metal nanoparticles (such as gold, silver, iron, copper, etc.) hold tremendous potential and offer enormous opportunities for imaging and diagnostics due to their broad optical characteristics, ease of manufacturing technique, and simple surface modification. The arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide is a three-amino acid sequence that seems to have a considerably greater ability to adhere to integrin adhesion molecules that exclusively express on tumour cells. RGD peptides act as the efficient tailoring ligand with a variety of benefits including non-toxicity, greater precision, rapid clearance, etc. This review focuses on the possibility of non-invasive cancer imaging using metal nanoparticles with RGD assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jyoti Chandra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Gupta
- Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Institute for Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical science, Chennai, India.
| | - Hui-Ling Cao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
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3
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Marzi M, Osanloo M, Vakil MK, Mansoori Y, Ghasemian A, Dehghan A, Zarenezhad E. Applications of Metallic Nanoparticles in the Skin Cancer Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2346941. [PMID: 36420097 PMCID: PMC9678447 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2346941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
Skin cancer is one of leading cancers globally, divided into two major categories including melanoma and nonmelanoma. Skin cancer is a global concern with an increasing trend, hence novel therapies are essential. The local treatment strategies play a key role in skin cancer therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs) exert potential applications in medicine with huge advantages and have the ability to overcome common chemotherapy problems. Recently, NPs have been used in nanomedicine as promising drug delivery systems. They can enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, improve pharmacokinetic properties, modify bioavailability, and reduce drug metabolism. The high-efficient, nontoxic, low-cost, and specific cancer therapy is a promising goal, which can be achieved by the development of nanotechnology. Metallic NPs (MNPs) can act as important platforms. MNPs development seeks to enhance the therapeutic efficiency of medicines through site specificity, prevention of multidrug resistance, and effective delivery of therapeutic factors. MNPs are used as potential arms in the case of cancer recognition, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and colloidal mediators for magnetic hyperthermia of cancer. The applications of MNPs in the cancer treatment studies are mostly due to their potential to carry a large dose of drug, resulting in a high concentration of anticancer drugs at the target site. Therefore, off-target toxicity and suffering side effects caused by high concentration of the drug in other parts of the body are avoided. MNPs have been applied as drug carriers for the of improvement of skin cancer treatment and drug delivery. The development of MNPs improves the results of many cancer treatments. Different types of NPs, such as inorganic and organic NPs have been investigated in vitro and in vivo for the skin cancer therapy. MNPs advantages mostly include biodegradability, electrostatic charge, good biocompatibility, high drug payload, and low toxicity. However, the use of controlled-release systems stimulated by electromagnetic waves, temperature, pH, and light improves the accumulation in tumor tissues and improves therapeutic outcomes. This study (2019-2022) is aimed at reviewing applications of MNPs in the skin cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Marzi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Osanloo
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazem Vakil
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Azizallah Dehghan
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Elham Zarenezhad
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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4
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D'Acunto M, Cioni P, Gabellieri E, Presciuttini G. Exploiting gold nanoparticles for diagnosis and cancer treatments. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:192001. [PMID: 33524960 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abe1ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) represent a relatively simple nanosystem to be synthesised and functionalized. AuNPs offer numerous advantages over different nanomaterials, primarily due to highly optimized protocols for their production with sizes in the range 1-150 nm and shapes, spherical, nanorods (AuNRs), nanocages, nanostars or nanoshells (AuNSs), just to name a few. AuNPs possess unique properties both from the optical and chemical point of view. AuNPs can absorb and scatter light with remarkable efficiency. Their outstanding interaction with light is due to the conduction electrons on the metal surface undergoing a collective oscillation when they are excited by light at specific wavelengths. This oscillation, known as a localized surface plasmon resonance, causes the absorption and scattering intensities of AuNPs to be significantly higher than identically sized non-plasmonic nanoparticles. In addition, AuNP absorption and scattering properties can be tuned by controlling the particle size, shape, and the local refractive index near the particle surface. By the chemical side, AuNPs offer the advantage of functionalization with therapeutic agents through covalent and ionic binding, which can be useful for biomedical applications, with particular emphasis on cancer treatments. Functionalized AuNPs exhibit good biocompatibility and controllable distribution patterns when delivered in cells and tissues, which make them particularly fine candidates for the basis of innovative therapies. Currently, major available AuNP-based cancer therapeutic approaches are the photothermal therapy (PTT) or photodynamic therapy (PDT). PTT and PDT rely upon irradiation of surface plasmon resonant AuNPs (previously delivered in cancer cells) by light, in particular, in the near-infrared range. Under irradiation, AuNPs surface electrons are excited and resonate intensely, and fast conversion of light into heat takes place in about 1 ps. The cancer cells are destroyed by the induced hyperthermia, i.e. the condition under which cells are subject to temperature in the range of 41 °C-47 °C for tens of minutes. The review is focused on the description of the optical and thermal properties of AuNPs that underlie their continuous and progressive exploitation for diagnosis and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D'Acunto
- Institute of Biophysics, Italian National Research Council, CNR-IBF, via Moruzzi 1,I- 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cioni
- Institute of Biophysics, Italian National Research Council, CNR-IBF, via Moruzzi 1,I- 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Edi Gabellieri
- Institute of Biophysics, Italian National Research Council, CNR-IBF, via Moruzzi 1,I- 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Presciuttini
- Institute of Biophysics, Italian National Research Council, CNR-IBF, via Moruzzi 1,I- 56124, Pisa, Italy
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5
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Coughlin EE, Hu J, Lee A, Odom TW. Light-Mediated Directed Placement of Different DNA Sequences on Single Gold Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3671-3676. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Zornberg LZ, Gabrys PA, Macfarlane RJ. Optical Processing of DNA-Programmed Nanoparticle Superlattices. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:8074-8081. [PMID: 31602981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical structural control across multiple size regimes requires careful consideration of the complex energy- and time-scales which govern the system's morphology at each of these different size ranges. At the nanoscale, synthetic chemistry techniques have been developed to create nanoparticles of well-controlled size and composition. At the macroscale, it is feasible to directly impose material structure via physical manipulation. However, in between these two size regimes at the mesoscale, structural control is more challenging as the physical forces that govern material assembly at larger and smaller scales begin to interfere with one another. In this work, the interplay of structure-directing forces at multiple length-scales is investigated by utilizing optical processing to influence both nanoscale and microscale features of self-assembled, DNA-grafted nanoparticle films. Optical processing is used to generate heat, which causes the self-assembled particles to rearrange from a kinetically trapped, amorphous state into a thermodynamically preferred superlattice structure. The gradient in the heat profile, however, also induces thermophoretic motion within the nanoparticle film, resulting in microscale movement at a comparable time-scale. By utilizing precise exposure times enabled by optical processing, crystallization and thermophoresis occur concurrently in the self-assembling nanoparticle system, enabling a dynamic growth mechanism whereby nucleation and growth occur in separate regions of the material. Furthermore, utilizing sufficiently short processing times allows for the formation of a fluidlike state of the DNA-functionalized nanoparticle materials that is inaccessible via typical thermal processing setups. This unique phase of the material allows for both pathway-dependent and pathway-independent growth phenomena, as appropriately tuning the experimental conditions enables the formation of morphologically equivalent nanoparticle lattices that are generated through different intermediate states (pathway-independent structures), or kinetically preprocessing a material to yield unique thermodynamic arrangements of particles once fully annealed (pathway-dependent structures).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Z Zornberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Paul A Gabrys
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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7
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Kinetics exploration of the isoniazid determination through the formation of AgNPs in pharmaceutical formulation. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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8
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Photocracking Silica: Tuning the Plasmonic Photothermal Degradation of Mesoporous Silica Encapsulating Gold Nanoparticles for Cargo Release. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7060072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The degradation of bionanomaterials is essential for medical applications of nanoformulations, but most inorganic-based delivery agents do not biodegrade at controllable rates. In this contribution, we describe the controllable plasmonic photocracking of gold@silica nanoparticles by tuning the power and wavelength of the laser irradiation, or by tuning the size of the encapsulated gold cores. Particles were literally broken to pieces or dissolved from the inside out upon laser excitation of the plasmonic cores. The photothermal cracking of silica, probably analogous to thermal fracturing in glass, was then harnessed to release cargo molecules from gold@silica@polycaprolactone nanovectors. This unique and controllable plasmonic photodegradation has implications for nanomedicine, photopatterning, and sensing applications.
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9
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Azharuddin M, Zhu GH, Das D, Ozgur E, Uzun L, Turner APF, Patra HK. A repertoire of biomedical applications of noble metal nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6964-6996. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01741k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The emerging properties of noble metal nanoparticles are attracting huge interest from the translational scientific community. In this feature article, we highlight recent advances in the adaptation of noble metal nanomaterials and their biomedical applications in therapeutics, diagnostics and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azharuddin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Linkoping University
- Linkoping
- Sweden
| | - Geyunjian H. Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
| | - Erdogan Ozgur
- Hacettepe University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Hacettepe University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | | | - Hirak K. Patra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Linkoping University
- Linkoping
- Sweden
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
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10
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Riley RS, Dang MN, Billingsley MM, Abraham B, Gundlach L, Day ES. Evaluating the Mechanisms of Light-Triggered siRNA Release from Nanoshells for Temporal Control Over Gene Regulation. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3565-3570. [PMID: 29701993 PMCID: PMC6450696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The ability to regulate intracellular gene expression with exogenous nucleic acids such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has substantial potential to improve the study and treatment of disease. However, most transfection agents and nanoparticle-based carriers that are used for the intracellular delivery of nucleic acids cannot distinguish between diseased and healthy cells, which may cause them to yield unintended widespread gene regulation. An ideal delivery system would only silence targeted proteins in diseased tissue in response to an external stimulus. To enable spatiotemporal control over gene silencing, researchers have begun to develop nucleic acid-nanoparticle conjugates that keep their nucleic acid cargo inactive until it is released from the nanoparticle on-demand by externally applied near-infrared laser light. This strategy can overcome several limitations of other nucleic acid delivery systems, but the mechanisms by which these platforms operate remain ill understood. Here, we perform a detailed investigation of the mechanisms by which silica core/gold shell nanoshells (NSs) release conjugated siRNA upon excitation with either pulsed or continuous wave (CW) near-infrared (NIR) light, with the goal of providing insight into how these nanoconjugates can enable on-demand gene regulation. We demonstrate that siRNA release from NSs upon pulsed laser irradiation is a temperature-independent process that is substantially more efficient than siRNA release triggered by CW irradiation. Contrary to literature, which suggests that only pulsed irradiation releases siRNA duplexes, we found that both modes of irradiation release a mixture of siRNA duplexes and single-stranded oligonucleotides, but that pulsed irradiation results in a higher percentage of released duplexes. To demonstrate that the siRNA released from NSs upon pulsed irradiation remains functional, we evaluated the use of NSs coated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-targeted siRNA (siGFP-NS) for on-demand knockdown of GFP in cells. We found that GFP-expressing cells treated with siGFP-NS and irradiated with a pulsed laser experienced a 33% decrease in GFP expression compared to cells treated with no laser. Further, we observed that light-triggered gene silencing mediated by siGFP-NS is more potent than using commercial transfection agents to deliver siRNA into cells. This work provides unprecedented insight into the mechanisms by which plasmonic NSs release siRNA upon light irradiation and demonstrates the importance of thoroughly characterizing photoresponsive nanosystems for applications in triggered gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Riley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Megan N. Dang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Margaret M. Billingsley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Baxter Abraham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Lars Gundlach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Emily S. Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
- Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
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11
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Abstract
The interaction between light and matter can be controlled efficiently by structuring materials at a length scale shorter than the wavelength of interest. With the goal to build optical devices that operate at the nanoscale, plasmonics has established itself as a discipline, where near-field effects of electromagnetic waves created in the vicinity of metallic surfaces can give rise to a variety of novel phenomena and fascinating applications. As research on plasmonics has emerged from the optics and solid-state communities, most laboratories employ top-down lithography to implement their nanophotonic designs. In this review, we discuss the recent, successful efforts of employing self-assembled DNA nanostructures as scaffolds for creating advanced plasmonic architectures. DNA self-assembly exploits the base-pairing specificity of nucleic acid sequences and allows for the nanometer-precise organization of organic molecules but also for the arrangement of inorganic particles in space. Bottom-up self-assembly thus bypasses many of the limitations of conventional fabrication methods. As a consequence, powerful tools such as DNA origami have pushed the boundaries of nanophotonics and new ways of thinking about plasmonic designs are on the rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Liedl
- Fakultät für Physik and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 München, Germany
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Amit K. Goyal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
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13
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Gharibshahi L, Saion E, Gharibshahi E, Shaari AH, Matori KA. Influence of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentration on properties of silver nanoparticles manufactured by modified thermal treatment method. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186094. [PMID: 29045414 PMCID: PMC5646761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Very narrow and pure silver nanoparticles were synthesized by modified thermal treatment method via oxygen and nitrogen flow in succession. The structural and optical properties of the calcined silver nanoparticles at 600°C with diverse Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations varied from 2% to 4% were studied by means of different techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the production of pure Ag nanoparticles at a given Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentration. The X-ray powder diffraction spectra are evidence for the transformation of the amorphous sample at 30°C to the cubic crystalline nanostructures at the calcination temperatures for all Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations. The transmission electron microscopy images showed the creation of spherical silver nanoparticles with the average particle size decreased by increasing Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations from 4.61 nm at 2% to 2.49 nm at 4% Poly(vinylpyrrolidone). The optical properties were investigated by means of UV-vis absorption spectrophotometer, which showed an increase in the conduction band of Ag nanoparticles with increasing Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations from 2.83 eV at 2% Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) to 2.94 eV at 4% Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) due to decreasing particle size. This was due to less attraction between conduction electrons and metal ions for smaller particle size corresponding to fewer atoms that made up the metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gharibshahi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Elias Saion
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Elham Gharibshahi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Halim Shaari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khamirul Amin Matori
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Riley RS, Day ES. Gold nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy: applications and opportunities for multimodal cancer treatment. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 9:10.1002/wnan.1449. [PMID: 28160445 PMCID: PMC5474189 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT), in which nanoparticles embedded within tumors generate heat in response to exogenously applied laser light, has been well documented as an independent strategy for highly selective cancer treatment. Gold-based nanoparticles are the main mediators of PTT because they offer: (1) biocompatibility, (2) small diameters that enable tumor penetration upon systemic delivery, (3) simple gold-thiol bioconjugation chemistry for the attachment of desired molecules, (4) efficient light-to-heat conversion, and (5) the ability to be tuned to absorb near-infrared light, which penetrates tissue more deeply than other wavelengths of light. In addition to acting as a standalone therapy, gold nanoparticle-mediated PTT has recently been evaluated in combination with other therapies, such as chemotherapy, gene regulation, and immunotherapy, for enhanced anti-tumor effects. When delivered independently, the therapeutic success of molecular agents is hindered by premature degradation, insufficient tumor delivery, and off-target toxicity. PTT can overcome these limitations by enhancing tumor- or cell-specific delivery of these agents or by sensitizing cancer cells to these additional therapies. All together, these benefits can enhance the therapeutic success of both PTT and the secondary treatment while lowering the required doses of the individual agents, leading to fewer off-target effects. Given the benefits of combining gold nanoparticle-mediated PTT with other treatment strategies, many exciting opportunities for multimodal cancer treatment are emerging that will ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1449. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1449 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Riley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Emily S. Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
- Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE, USA
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15
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Goodman AM, Hogan NJ, Gottheim S, Li C, Clare SE, Halas NJ. Understanding Resonant Light-Triggered DNA Release from Plasmonic Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2017; 11:171-179. [PMID: 28114757 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based platforms for gene therapy and drug delivery are gaining popularity for cancer treatment. To improve therapeutic selectivity, one important strategy is to remotely trigger the release of a therapeutic cargo from a specially designed gene- or drug-laden near-infrared (NIR) absorbing gold nanoparticle complex with NIR light. While there have been multiple demonstrations of NIR nanoparticle-based release platforms, our understanding of how light-triggered release works in such complexes is still limited. Here, we investigate the specific mechanisms of DNA release from plasmonic nanoparticle complexes using continuous wave (CW) and femtosecond pulsed lasers. We find that the characteristics of nanoparticle-based DNA release vary profoundly from the same nanoparticle complex, depending on the type of laser excitation. CW laser illumination drives the photothermal release of dehybridized single-stranded DNA, while pulsed-laser excitation results in double-stranded DNA release by cleavage of the Au-S bond, with negligible local heating. This dramatic difference in DNA release from the same DNA-nanoparticle complex has very important implications in the development of NIR-triggered gene or drug delivery nanocomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Susan E Clare
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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16
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Lukianova-Hleb EY, Lapotko DO. Rapid detection and destruction of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck by nano-quadrapeutics. Head Neck 2015; 37:1547-55. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitri O. Lapotko
- Department of BioSciences at Rice; Rice University; Houston Texas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; Rice University; Houston Texas
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17
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Plasmonics Meets Biology through Optics. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:1022-1033. [PMID: 28347049 PMCID: PMC5312904 DOI: 10.3390/nano5021022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic metallic nanoparticles (NPs) represent a relevant class of nanomaterials, which is able to achieve light localization down to nanoscale by exploiting a phenomenon called Localized Plasmon Resonance. In the last few years, NPs have been proposed to trigger DNA release or enhance ablation of diseased tissues, while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. In view of the therapeutic relevance of such plasmonic NPs; a detailed characterization of the electrostatic interaction between positively charged gold nanorods (GNRs) and a negatively charged whole-genome DNA solution is reported. The preparation of the hybrid biosystem has been investigated as a function of DNA concentration by means of ζ-potential; hydrodynamic diameter and gel electrophoresis analysis. The results have pointed out the specific conditions to achieve the most promising GNRs/DNA complex and its photo-thermal properties have been investigated. The overall study allows to envisage the possibility to ingeniously combine plasmonic and biological materials and, thus, enable design and development of an original non invasive all-optical methodology for monitoring photo-induced temperature variation with high sensitivity.
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18
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Dai J, Li Q, Liu W, Lin S, Hao Y, Zhang C, Shuai X. Synthesis and characterization of cell-microenvironment-sensitive leakage-free gold-shell nanoparticles with the template of interlayer-crosslinked micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9682-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel pH-GSNPs exhibit drug leakage-free behavior in a physiological environment, while achieving rapid drug release and remarkable nanogold interlayer aggregation in the intracellular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dai
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Wenya Liu
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Shudong Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Hao
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
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Joseph D, Tyagi N, Geckeler C, E.Geckeler K. Protein-coated pH-responsive gold nanoparticles: Microwave-assisted synthesis and surface charge-dependent anticancer activity. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1452-1462. [PMID: 25247128 PMCID: PMC4168932 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The biocompatibility and ease of functionalization of gold nanoparticles underlie significant potential in biotechnology and biomedicine. Eight different proteins were examined in the preparation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in aqueous medium under microwave irradiation. Six of the proteins resulted in the formation of AuNPs. The intrinsic pH of the proteins played an important role in AuNPs with strong surface plasmon bands. The hydrodynamic size of the nanoparticles was larger than the values observed by TEM and ImageJ. The formation of a protein layer on the AuNPs accounts for this difference. The AuNPs exhibited sensitivity towards varying pH conditions, which was confirmed by determining the difference in the isoelectric points studied by using pH-dependent zeta potential titration. Cytotoxicity studies revealed anticancerous effects of the AuNPs at a certain micromolar concentration by constraining the growth of cancer cells with different efficacies due to the use of different proteins as capping agents. The positively charged AuNPs are internalized by the cells to a greater level than the negatively charged AuNPs. These AuNPs synthesized with protein coating holds promise as anticancer agents and would help in providing a new paradigm in area of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dickson Joseph
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (WCU), Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Nisha Tyagi
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (WCU), Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Christian Geckeler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Kurt E.Geckeler
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (WCU), Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
- Institute of Medical System Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
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20
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Two-dimensional hyper-branched gold nanoparticles synthesized on a two-dimensional oil/water interface. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6119. [PMID: 25156520 PMCID: PMC4143794 DOI: 10.1038/srep06119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) gold nanoparticles can possess novel physical and chemical properties, which will greatly expand the utility of gold nanoparticles in a wide variety of applications ranging from catalysis to biomedicine. However, colloidal synthesis of such particles generally requires sophisticated synthetic techniques to carefully guide anisotropic growth. Here we report that 2D hyper-branched gold nanoparticles in the lateral size range of about 50 ~ 120 nm can be synthesized selectively on a 2D immiscible oil/water interface in a few minutes at room temperature without structure-directing agents. An oleic acid/water interface can provide diffusion-controlled growth conditions, leading to the structural evolution of a smaller gold nucleus to 2D nanodendrimer and nanourchin at the interface. Simulations based on the phase field crystal model match well with experimental observations on the 2D branching of the nucleus, which occurs at the early stage of growth. Branching results in higher surface area and stronger near-field enhancement of 2D gold nanoparticles. This interfacial synthesis can be scaled up by creating an emulsion and the recovery of oleic acid is also achievable by centrifugation.
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21
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Langille MR, Personick ML, Mirkin CA. Plasmon-Mediated Syntheses of Metallic Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13910-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Langille MR, Personick ML, Mirkin CA. Plasmonische Synthese von metallischen Nanostrukturen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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23
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Díaz JA, Gibbs-Davis JM. Sharpening the thermal release of DNA from nanoparticles: towards a sequential release strategy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2862-2871. [PMID: 23341260 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Unlike the sharp melting behavior of DNA-linked nanoparticle aggregates, the melting of DNA strands from individual gold nanoparticles is broad despite the high surface density of bound DNA. Here, it is demonstrated how sharpened melting can be achieved in colloidal nanoparticle systems using branched DNA-doubler structures hybridized with complementary DNA-doublers bound to the gold nanoparticle. Moreover, sharpened transitions are observed when DNA-doublers are hybridized with linear DNA-modified gold nanoparticles. This result suggests that the DNA density on nanoparticles is intrinsically great enough to form cooperative structures with the DNA-doublers. Finally, by introducing abasic destabilizing groups, the melting temperature of these DNA-doublers decreases without decreasing the sharpness. Consequently, by varying the temperature, two DNA-doublers with different stabilities dissociate sequentially from the gold nanoparticle surface, without overlapping and within a narrow temperature window. Owing to the excellent thermal selectivities exhibited by this system, the implementation of DNA-doublers in sequential photothermal therapies and with other nanomedicine delivery agents that rely on DNA dissociation as the mechanism of selective release is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián A Díaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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24
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Asanuma H, Jiang Z, Ikeda K, Uosaki K, Yu HZ. Selective dehybridization of DNA-Au nanoconjugates using laser irradiation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:15995-6000. [PMID: 23959057 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic heating to trigger release of oligonucleotides from nanoconjugates is potentially useful for therapeutic purposes and designed assembly of DNA nanostructures. In the past, great controllability has been achieved by introducing distinctive absorption nanoparticle centers, where the anchoring bond (e.g., sulfur-gold bond) has been selectively broken. Instead of releasing the surface-bound duplex DNA via breakage of the gold-sulphur anchor bond, selective and non-destructive dehybridization of DNA under a "mild" condition on different gold nanoconjugates is demonstrated in this work. This finding will permit sequential dehybridization/release of DNA at specific regions of a complex system; thus it can be extended to control gene expression and to manipulate an assembly of highly organized DNA constructs. Particularly we show herein the feasibility of selectively dehybridizing DNA-Au nanoconjugates via localized plasmonic heating, which is accomplished by controlling the laser wavelength, power, and irradiation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Asanuma
- Department of Chemistry and 4D Labs, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
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25
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Mangelson BF, Park DJ, Ku JC, Osberg KD, Schatz GC, Mirkin CA. Tunable and broadband plasmonic absorption via dispersible nanoantennas with sub-10 nm gaps. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2250-2254. [PMID: 23386383 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles have traditionally been associated with relatively narrow absorption profiles. But, for many of the most exciting potential applications for these particles, such as solar energy applications, broadband absorption is desirable. By utilizing on-wire lithography, nanostructures which absorb light through the visible and near-IR portions of the electromagnetic spectrum can be synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan F Mangelson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
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26
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Lohse SE, Eller JR, Sivapalan ST, Plews MR, Murphy CJ. A simple millifluidic benchtop reactor system for the high-throughput synthesis and functionalization of gold nanoparticles with different sizes and shapes. ACS NANO 2013; 7:4135-50. [PMID: 23634842 DOI: 10.1021/nn4005022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the continuing interest in the applications of functionalized nanomaterials, the controlled and reproducible synthesis of many important functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) above the milligram scale continues to be a significant challenge. The synthesis of functionalized NPs in automated reactors provides a viable approach to circumvent some of the shortcomings of traditional nanomaterial batch syntheses, providing superior control over reagent addition, improved reproducibility, the opportunity to interface real-time product monitoring, and a viable high-throughput synthetic approach. Here, we demonstrate the construction and operation of a simple millifluidic reactor assembled entirely from commercially available components found in almost any chemical laboratory. This reactor facilitates the aqueous gram-scale synthesis of a variety of functionalized gold nanoparticles, including the synthesis of gold nanospheres with tightly controlled core diameters and gold nanorods with controlled aspect ratios between 1.5 and 4.0. The absolute dimensions (i.e., the transverse diameter) of gold nanorods synthesized within the reactor can also be tailored to produce different gold nanorod shapes, including "small" gold nanorods and gold nanocubes. In addition, we show that the reactor can interface with existing purification and monitoring techniques in order to enable the high-throughput functionalization/purification of gold nanorods and real-time monitoring of gold nanoparticle products for quality control. We anticipate that this millifluidic reactor will provide the blueprint for a versatile and portable approach to the gram-scale synthesis of monodisperse, hydrophilically functionalized metal NPs that can be realized in almost any chemistry research laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Lohse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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27
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Straney PJ, Andolina CM, Millstone JE. Seedless initiation as an efficient, sustainable route to anisotropic gold nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:4396-4403. [PMID: 23517186 DOI: 10.1021/la400227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Seedless initiation has been used as a simple and sustainable alternative to seed-mediated production of two canonical anisotropic gold nanoparticles: nanorods and nanoprisms. The concentration of reducing agent during the nucleation event was found to influence the resulting product morphology, producing nanorods with lengths from 30 to 630 nm and triangular or hexagonal prisms with vertex-to-vertex lengths ranging from 120 to over 700 nm. The seedless approach is then used to eliminate several chemical reagents and reactions steps from classic particle preparations while achieving almost identical nanoparticle products and product yields. Our results shed light on factors that influence (or do not influence) the evolution of gold nanoparticle shape and present a dramatically more efficient route to obtaining these architectures. Specifically, using these methods reduces the total amount of reagent needed to produce nanorods and nanoprisms by as much as 90 wt % and, to the best of our knowledge, has yielded the first report of spectroscopically discernible, colloidal gold nanoplates synthesized using a seedless methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Straney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260-8929, United States
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28
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Jones MR, Mirkin CA. Bypassing the Limitations of Classical Chemical Purification with DNA-Programmable Nanoparticle Recrystallization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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29
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Jones MR, Mirkin CA. Bypassing the Limitations of Classical Chemical Purification with DNA-Programmable Nanoparticle Recrystallization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2886-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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30
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Zheng YB, Kiraly B, Weiss PS, Huang TJ. Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 7:751-70. [PMID: 22630155 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The optical excitation of surface plasmons in metal nanoparticles leads to nanoscale spatial confinement of electromagnetic fields. The confined electromagnetic fields can generate intense, localized thermal energy and large near-field optical forces. The interaction between these effects and nearby molecules has led to the emerging field known as molecular plasmonics. Recent advances in molecular plasmonics have enabled novel optical materials and devices with applications in biology and nanomedicine. In this article, we categorize three main types of interactions between molecules and surface plasmons: optical, thermal and mechanical. Within the scope of each type of interaction, we will review applications of molecular plasmonics in biology and nanomedicine. We include a wide range of applications that involve sensing, spectral analysis, imaging, delivery, manipulation and heating of molecules, biomolecules or cells using plasmonic effects. We also briefly describe the physical principles of molecular plasmonics and progress in the nanofabrication, surface functionalization and bioconjugation of metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Bing Zheng
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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31
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Lee SE, Sasaki DY, Park Y, Xu R, Brennan JS, Bissell MJ, Lee LP. Photonic gene circuits by optically addressable siRNA-Au nanoantennas. ACS NANO 2012; 6:7770-80. [PMID: 22827439 PMCID: PMC3458151 DOI: 10.1021/nn301744x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The precise perturbation of gene circuits and the direct observation of signaling pathways in living cells are essential for both fundamental biology and translational medicine. Current optogenetic technology offers a new paradigm of optical control for cells; however, this technology relies on permanent genomic modifications with light-responsive genes, thus limiting dynamic reconfiguration of gene circuits. Here, we report precise control of perturbation and reconfiguration of gene circuits in living cells by optically addressable siRNA-Au nanoantennas. The siRNA-Au nanoantennas fulfill dual functions as selectively addressable optical receivers and biomolecular emitters of small interfering RNA (siRNA). Using siRNA-Au nanoantennas as optical inputs to existing circuit connections, photonic gene circuits are constructed in living cells. We show that photonic gene circuits are modular, enabling subcircuits to be combined on-demand. Photonic gene circuits open new avenues for engineering functional gene circuits useful for fundamental bioscience, bioengineering, and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somin Eunice Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, UCSF/UCB Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA
| | - Darryl Y. Sasaki
- Material Science Division, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA
| | - Younggeun Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, UCSF/UCB Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center
| | - Ren Xu
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky
| | - James S. Brennan
- Material Science Division, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA
| | - Mina J. Bissell
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA
| | - Luke P. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, UCSF/UCB Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Prof. Luke P. Lee, Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, 408C Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1762, (510) 642-5855,
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Huschka R, Barhoumi A, Liu Q, Roth JA, Ji L, Halas NJ. Gene silencing by gold nanoshell-mediated delivery and laser-triggered release of antisense oligonucleotide and siRNA. ACS NANO 2012; 6:7681-91. [PMID: 22862291 PMCID: PMC3888232 DOI: 10.1021/nn301135w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)--using antisense DNA or RNA oligonucleotides to silence activity of a specific pathogenic gene transcript and reduce expression of the encoded protein--is very useful in dissecting genetic function and holds significant promise as a molecular therapeutic. A major obstacle in achieving gene silencing with RNAi technology is the systemic delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides. Here we demonstrate an engineered gold nanoshell (NS)-based therapeutic oligonucleotide delivery vehicle, designed to release its cargo on demand upon illumination with a near-infrared (NIR) laser. A poly-L-lysine peptide (PLL) epilayer covalently attached to the NS surface (NS-PLL) is used to capture intact, single-stranded antisense DNA oligonucleotides, or alternatively, double-stranded short-interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules. Controlled release of the captured therapeutic oligonucleotides in each case is accomplished by continuous wave NIR laser irradiation at 800 nm, near the resonance wavelength of the nanoshell. Fluorescently tagged oligonucleotides were used to monitor the time-dependent release process and light-triggered endosomal release. A green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing human lung cancer H1299 cell line was used to determine cellular uptake and gene silencing mediated by the NS-PLL carrying GFP gene-specific single-stranded DNA antisense oligonucleotide (AON-GFP), or a double-stranded siRNA (siRNA-GFP), in vitro. Light-triggered delivery resulted in ~47% and ~49% downregulation of the targeted GFP expression by AON-GFP and siRNA-GFP, respectively. Cytotoxicity induced by both the NS-PLL delivery vector and by laser irradiation is minimal, as demonstrated by a XTT cell proliferation assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Huschka
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Aoune Barhoumi
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Jack A. Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Lin Ji
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Naomi J. Halas
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005
- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR FOOTNOTE Naomi J. Halas, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University,6100 Main Street - MS 378, Houston, TX 77005-1827;
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Abstract
The synthesis and operation of a light-operated nanovalve that controls the pore openings of mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing gold nanoparticle cores is described. The nanoparticles, consisting of 20 nm gold cores inside ~150 nm mesoporous silica spheres, were synthesized using a unique one-pot method. The nanovalves consist of cucurbit[6]uril rings encircling stalks that are attached to the ~2 nm pore openings. Plasmonic heating of the gold core raises the local temperature and decreases the ring-stalk binding constant, thereby unblocking the pore and releasing the cargo molecules that were preloaded inside. Bulk heating of the suspended particles to 60 °C is required to release the cargo, but no bulk temperature change was observed in the plasmonic heating release experiment. High-intensity irradiation caused thermal damage to the silica particles, but low-intensity illumination caused a local temperature increase sufficient to operate the valves without damaging the nanoparticle containers. These light-stimulated, thermally activated, mechanized nanoparticles represent a new system with potential utility for on-command drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Croissant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés – Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (UMR 5253, CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1), ENSCM, 8 rue de l’école normale, 34296 Montpellier, France
| | - Jeffrey I. Zink
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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Abstract
We report results on ultrafast photothermal release of DNA from gold nanoparticles. We show that dehybridization of oligonucleotide duplex anchored on a gold nanoparticle surface occurs during a single laser pulse, leading to the release of single-strand DNA in solution. Breaking of the Au-S bond anchoring the duplex and the release of thiolated DNA are also evidenced. Our findings show that the size distribution of the nanoparticles plays a major role in the control of both phenomena. We establish a criterion regarding the size distribution of nanoparticles that allows full release of DNA without breaking of the anchoring thiol bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Thibaudau
- Aix-Marseille Université, CINaM, 13288, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 7325, 13288, Marseille, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua I. Cutler
- Department of Chemistry and International
Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Evelyn Auyeung
- Department of Chemistry and International
Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and International
Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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36
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Doane TL, Burda C. The unique role of nanoparticles in nanomedicine: imaging, drug delivery and therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:2885-911. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15260f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 857] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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37
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Newhouse RJ, Zhang JZ. Optical Properties and Applications of Shape-Controlled Metal Nanostructures. REVIEWS IN PLASMONICS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0884-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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38
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Noble metal nanoparticles applications in cancer. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2011; 2012:751075. [PMID: 22007307 PMCID: PMC3189598 DOI: 10.1155/2012/751075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has prompted new and improved materials for biomedical applications with particular emphasis in therapy and diagnostics. Special interest has been directed at providing enhanced molecular therapeutics for cancer, where conventional approaches do not effectively differentiate between cancerous and normal cells; that is, they lack specificity. This normally causes systemic toxicity and severe and adverse side effects with concomitant loss of quality of life. Because of their small size, nanoparticles can readily interact with biomolecules both at surface and inside cells, yielding better signals and target specificity for diagnostics and therapeutics. This way, a variety of nanoparticles with the possibility of diversified modification with biomolecules have been investigated for biomedical applications including their use in highly sensitive imaging assays, thermal ablation, and radiotherapy enhancement as well as drug and gene delivery and silencing. Here, we review the available noble metal nanoparticles for cancer therapy, with particular focus on those already being translated into clinical settings.
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Huschka R, Zuloaga J, Knight M, Brown LV, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Light-induced release of DNA from gold nanoparticles: nanoshells and nanorods. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12247-55. [PMID: 21736347 PMCID: PMC4108302 DOI: 10.1021/ja204578e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plasmon-resonant nanoparticle complexes show highly promising potential for light-triggered, remote-controlled delivery of oligonucleotides on demand, for research and therapeutic purposes. Here we investigate the light-triggered release of DNA from two types of nanoparticle substrates: Au nanoshells and Au nanorods. Both light-triggered and thermally induced release are distinctly observable from nanoshell-based complexes, with light-triggered release occurring at an ambient solution temperature well below the DNA melting temperature. Surprisingly, no analogous measurable release was observable from nanorod-based complexes below the DNA melting temperature. These results suggest that a nonthermal mechanism may play a role in plasmon resonant, light-triggered DNA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Huschka
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Jorge Zuloaga
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Mark Knight
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Lisa V. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Naomi J. Halas
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
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40
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Witten KG, Rech C, Eckert T, Charrak S, Richtering W, Elling L, Simon U. Glyco-DNA-gold nanoparticles: lectin-mediated assembly and dual-stimuli response. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:1954-1960. [PMID: 21656675 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201100492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin G Witten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and JARA-FIT (Future Information, Technology), RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Zasadzinski JA, Wong B, Forbes N, Braun G, Wu G. Novel Methods of Enhanced Retention in and Rapid, Targeted Release from Liposomes. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 16:203-214. [PMID: 21603081 PMCID: PMC3097476 DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are single bilayer capsules with distinct interior compartments in which hydrophilic drugs, imaging agents, diagnostics, etc. can be sequestered from the exterior environment. The polar parts of the individual lipids face the water compartments, while the hydrophobic parts of the lipid provide a barrier in which hydrophilic or charged molecules are poorly soluble. Hydrophobic molecules can be dissolved within the bilayer. The bilayers are typically from 3 - 6 nm thick and the liposome can range from about 50 nm - 50 microns in diameter. The question asked in this review is if any one bilayer, regardless of its composition, can provide the extended drug retention, long lifetime in the circulation, active targeting to specific tissues and rapid and controllable drug release at the site of interest. As an alternative, we review methods of self-assembling multicompartment lipid structures that provide enhanced drug retention in physiological environments. We also review methods of externally targeting and triggering drug release via the near infrared heating of gold nanoshells attached to or encapsulated within bilayer vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Zasadzinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Benjamin Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Natalie Forbes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Gary Braun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Guohui Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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42
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Buchkremer A, Linn MJ, Reismann M, Eckert T, Witten KG, Richtering W, von Plessen G, Simon U. Stepwise thermal and photothermal dissociation of a hierarchical superaggregate of DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:1397-1402. [PMID: 21495186 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201002324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Buchkremer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, and JARA-Future Information Technology, Landoltweg 1, Aachen, Germany
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43
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Jelveh S, Chithrani DB. Gold nanostructures as a platform for combinational therapy in future cancer therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:1081-110. [PMID: 24212654 PMCID: PMC3756404 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3011081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of nanotechnology is currently undergoing explosive development on many fronts. The technology is expected to generate innovations and play a critical role in cancer therapeutics. Among other nanoparticle (NP) systems, there has been tremendous progress made in the use of spherical gold NPs (GNPs), gold nanorods (GNRs), gold nanoshells (GNSs) and gold nanocages (GNCs) in cancer therapeutics. In treating cancer, radiation therapy and chemotherapy remain the most widely used treatment options and recent developments in cancer research show that the incorporation of gold nanostructures into these protocols has enhanced tumor cell killing. These nanostructures further provide strategies for better loading, targeting, and controlling the release of drugs to minimize the side effects of highly toxic anticancer drugs used in chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. In addition, the heat generation capability of gold nanostructures upon exposure to UV or near infrared light is being used to damage tumor cells locally in photothermal therapy. Hence, gold nanostructures provide a versatile platform to integrate many therapeutic options leading to effective combinational therapy in the fight against cancer. In this review article, the recent progress in the development of gold-based NPs towards improved therapeutics will be discussed. A multifunctional platform based on gold nanostructures with targeting ligands, therapeutic molecules, and imaging contrast agents, holds an array of promising directions for cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomeh Jelveh
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; E-Mail:
- Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Devika B. Chithrani
- Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- STTARR Innovation Centre, Toronto Medical Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON, Canada
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44
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Lee SE, Lee LP. Biomolecular plasmonics for quantitative biology and nanomedicine. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 21:489-97. [PMID: 20801636 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Free electrons in a noble metal nanoparticle can be resonantly excited, leading to their collective oscillation termed as a surface plasmon. These surface plasmons enable nanoparticles to absorb light, generate heat, transfer energy, and re-radiate incident photons. Creative designs of nanoplasmonic optical antennae (i.e. plasmon resonant nanoparticles) have become a new foundation of quantitative biology and nanomedicine. This review focuses on the recent developments in dual-functional nanoplasmonic optical antennae for label-free biosensors and nanoplasmonic gene switches. Nanoplasmonic optical antennae, functioning as biosensors to significantly enhance biochemical-specific spectral information via plasmon resonance energy transfer (PRET) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), are discussed. Nanoplasmonic optical antennae, functioning as nanoplasmonic gene switches to enable spatiotemporal regulation of genetic activity, are also reviewed. Nanoplasmonic molecular rulers and integrated photoacoustic-photothermal contrast agents are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somin Eunice Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, UCSF/UCB Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, Berkeley, CA, USA
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45
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Poon L, Zandberg W, Hsiao D, Erno Z, Sen D, Gates BD, Branda NR. Photothermal release of single-stranded DNA from the surface of gold nanoparticles through controlled denaturating and Au-S bond breaking. ACS NANO 2010; 4:6395-6403. [PMID: 20958080 DOI: 10.1021/nn1016346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal release of DNA from gold nanoparticles either by thermolysis of the Au-S bonds used to anchor the oligonucleotides to the nanoparticle or by thermal denaturation has great therapeutic potential, however, both processes have limitations (a decreased particle stability for the former process and a prohibitively slow rate of release for the latter). Here we show that these two mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and can be controlled by adjusting laser power and ionic strength. We show this using two different double-stranded (ds)DNA-nanoparticle conjugates, in which either the anchored sense strand or the complementary antisense strand was labeled with a fluorescent marker. The amounts of release due to the two mechanisms were evaluated using fluorescence spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis, which showed that irradiation of the decorated particles in 200 mM NaOAc containing 10 mM Mg(OAc)(2) with a pulsed 532 nm laser operating at 100 mW favors denaturation over Au-S cleavage to an extent of more than six-to-one. Due to the use of a pulsed laser, the process occurs on the order of minutes rather than hours, which is typical for continuous wave lasers. These findings encourage continued research toward developing photothermal gene therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lester Poon
- 4D LABS, Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6
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46
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Huschka R, Neumann O, Barhoumi A, Halas NJ. Visualizing light-triggered release of molecules inside living cells. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:4117-4122. [PMID: 20857946 PMCID: PMC4108300 DOI: 10.1021/nl102293b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The light-triggered release of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from gold nanoparticle-based, plasmon resonant vectors, such as nanoshells, shows great promise for gene delivery in living cells. Here we show that intracellular light-triggered release can be performed on molecules that associate with the DNA in a DNA host-guest complex bound to nanoshells. DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), a bright blue fluorescent molecule that binds reversibly to double-stranded DNA, was chosen to visualize this intracellular light-induced release process. Illumination of nanoshell-dsDNA-DAPI complexes at their plasmon resonance wavelength dehybridizes the DNA, releasing the DAPI molecules within living cells, where they diffuse to the nucleus and associate with the cell's endogenous DNA. The low laser power and irradiation times required for molecular release do not compromise cell viability. This highly controlled co-release of nonbiological molecules accompanying the oligonucleotides could have broad applications in the study of cellular processes and in the development of intracellular targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Huschka
- Department of Chemistry, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Oara Neumann
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Aoune Barhoumi
- Department of Chemistry, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Naomi J. Halas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Department of Bioengineering, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Department of Chemistry, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice, University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
- Corresponding Author: Naomi J. Halas Phone: (+) 1-(713) 348-5612 Fax: (+) 1-(713) 348-5686
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47
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Lee SE, Lee LP. Nanoplasmonic gene regulation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2010; 14:623-33. [PMID: 20888286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent developments in nanoplasmonic gene regulations. Types of nanoplasmonic carriers and DNA/RNA cargo are described. Strategies to liberate cargo from their carriers using NIR and enable on-demand silencing of endogenous intracellular genes are reviewed. In addition to inhibitory effects, exogenous foreign genes are also introduced and expressed on-demand using nanoplasmonic optical switches. The magnitude and timing of genetic activities can therefore be systematically controlled on-demand remotely. Equipped with new nanoplasmonic optics to directly probe the intracellular space, quantitative approaches should capture many dynamic activities within living systems that were otherwise previously impossible to control using conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somin Eunice Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, UCSF/UCB Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, Berkeley, CA, USA
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48
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Guo Z, Fan X, Liu L, Bian Z, Gu C, Zhang Y, Gu N, Yang D, Zhang J. Achieving high-purity colloidal gold nanoprisms and their application as biosensing platforms. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 348:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2009] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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49
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Abstract
Drug delivery with precise spatial and temporal control is of broad current interest in biology and medicine. Despite recent advances achieved by combining drugs or drug carriers with NIR light responsive plasmonic nanomaterials, existing technologies are not capable of preventing drug leakage or degradation. We report a new class of monodisperse gold nanocontainer that can stably encapsulate cargo molecules, yet is compact in size and tunable in spectral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Jin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, William H. Foege Building N530M, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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