1
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Zullo V, Iuliano A, Pescitelli G, Zinna F. Tunable Excimer Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Isohexide Derivatives from Renewable Resources. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104226. [PMID: 34982485 PMCID: PMC9303411 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds showing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) are at the forefront of novel applications and technologies. Here we show the synthesis and chiroptical properties of pyrene and perylene derivatives of inexpensive chiral scaffolds: isomannide and isosorbide. Low‐intensity ECD spectra were obtained, suggesting the absence of chromophore interaction in the ground state, except in the case of isomannide bis‐perylenecarboxylate, whose ECD spectrum showed a positive exciton couplet. All isomannide derivatives, with the only exception of the one containing a pyrenecarboxylate and a perylenecarboxylate, exhibited excimer CPL spectra, whereas isosorbide derivatives did not show any CPL. Isomannide derivatives bearing two pyrenecarboxylate or two pyrenylacetate groups showed positive CPL emission with dissymmetry factors up to 10−2, which depends on the conformational freedom of the appended units. The CPL sign, Stokes shift and order of magnitude of dissymmetry factor were reproduced by excited‐state calculations on a representative compound. Interestingly, the mixed derivative containing pyrenic units with different spacing from the isomannide scaffold showed an oppositely signed excimer band with respect to the homo‐substituted derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Zullo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Anna Iuliano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
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2
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Murphy SA, Phelan CA, Veale EB, Kotova O, Comby S, Gunnlaugsson T. Fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's bases (TBNaps) possessing (orthogonal) 'α-amino acids', esters and di-peptides and their solvent dependent photophysical properties. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6817-6833. [PMID: 34308464 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00973g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of fifteen luminescent bis-naphthalimide based Tröger's bases (TBNaps) derived from 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (4-Amino-Nap) precursors is described; these scaffolds possess α-amino acids, esters or di-peptides conjugated at the imide site and show minor fluorescence in aqueous solution while being highly emissive in organic solvents. The investigation shows that these TBNaps possessing ICT excited state properties are capable of generating either positive or negative solvatochromic effects in response to changes in polarity and/or the hydrogen bonding capabilities of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Murphy
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Caroline A Phelan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Emma B Veale
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Oxana Kotova
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steve Comby
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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3
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Zullo V, Iuliano A, Guazzelli L. Sugar-Based Ionic Liquids: Multifaceted Challenges and Intriguing Potential. Molecules 2021; 26:2052. [PMID: 33916695 PMCID: PMC8038380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates represent a promising option in transitioning from oil-based chemical resources to renewable ones, with the goal of developing chemistries for a sustainable future. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and largely available monosaccharides already provide useful chemical building blocks, so-called platform chemicals, such as levulinic acid and hydroxymethyl furfural, as well as solvents like cyrene or gamma-valerolactone. Therefore, there is great anticipation for novel applications involving materials and chemicals derived from sugars. In the field of ionic liquids (ILs), sugar-based ILs have been overlooked for a long time, mainly on account of their multistep demanding preparation. However, exploring new strategies for accessing sugar-based ILs, their study, and their exploitation, are attracting increasing interest. This is due to the growing concerns about the negative (eco)toxicity profile of most ILs in conjunction with their non-sustainable nature. In the present review, a literature survey concerning the development of sugar-based ILs since 2011 is presented. Their preparation strategies and thermal behavior analyses, sorted by sugar type, make up the first two sections with the intention to provide the reader with a useful guide. A final overview of the potential applications of sugar-based ILs and their future perspectives complement the present analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Zullo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (A.I.)
| | - Anna Iuliano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (A.I.)
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Jarzebski A, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Chiral Self-Sorting Effects in the Self-Assembly of Metallosupramolecular Aggregates Comprising Ligands Derived from Tröger's Base. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1455-1464. [PMID: 32644289 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Five ligands with either nitrile or isonitrile metal binding motifs have been synthesized based on the 2,8- or 3,9-disubstituted Tröger's base scaffold, respectively. These ligands self-assemble into dinuclear cyclic metallosupramolecular aggregates upon coordination to [(dppp)Pd(OTf)2 ] in a highly diastereoselective manner, by heterochiral self-sorting in a chiral self-discriminating manner as shown by ESI mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and single crystal XRD analysis. This observation is in contrast to earlier studies with ligands derived from Tröger's base that have larger metal binding motifs and bis(nitrile) and bis(isonitrile) ligands based on other rigid dissymmetric cores such as [2.2]paracyclophanes. Thus, the combination of these slim metal binding motifs with the rigid v-shaped 2,8- or 3,9-disubstituted Tröger's base scaffolds seems to be especially well preorganized to ensure high-fidelity social self-sorting behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jarzebski
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- University of Bonn, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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5
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Götz S, Schneider A, Lützen A. Efficient resolution of racemic crown-shaped cyclotriveratrylene derivatives and isolation and characterization of the intermediate saddle isomer. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1339-1346. [PMID: 31293683 PMCID: PMC6604736 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparative resolution of a trifunctionalized C3-symmetrical chiral cyclotriveratrylene derivative was achieved via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a chiral stationary phase. This approach is a promising alternative to the previously reported resolution through formation of diastereomeric esters because it involves fewer synthetic steps and is less prone to thermal (re)racemization. During these studies an intermediate saddle conformer could also be isolated and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The HPLC separation method was further developed in order to allow investigations on the racemization behavior of the cyclotriveratrylene derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Götz
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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6
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González L, Graus S, Tejedor RM, López P, Elguero J, Serrano JL, Uriel S. From diiodo Tröger's bases towards halogen-bonded porous organic crystalline materials. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00557e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diiodo Tröger's base derivatives proved to be self-complementary tectons that are particularly suitable for the formation of porous supramolecular structures by halogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Sara Graus
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Rosa María Tejedor
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa
- Academia General Militar
- 50090 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Pilar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica
- IQM-CSIC
- 28006 Madrid
- Spain
| | - José Luis Serrano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Santiago Uriel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50018 Zaragoza
- Spain
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7
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Jarzebski A, Tenten C, Bannwarth C, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Lützen A. Diastereoselective Self-Assembly of a Neutral Dinuclear Double-Stranded Zinc(II) Helicate via Narcissistic Self-Sorting. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28650081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new bis(salicylimine) ligand based on the Tröger's base scaffold was synthesized in racemic and enantiomerically pure form. Upon coordination to zinc(II) ions this ligand undergoes highly diastereoselective self-assembly into neutral dinuclear double-stranded helicates as proven by XRD analysis and via comparison of experimental ECD spectra with those simulated with quantum-chemical methods. When the racemic ligand was used, self-assembly occurs under narcissistic self-sorting resulting in the formation of a racemic pair of helicates as revealed by NMR spectroscopy and XRD analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jarzebski
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Tenten
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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8
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Abstract
Thiele’s acid has been resolved for the first time by diastereomeric salt formation with brucine. Determination of absolute stereochemistry was accomplished by X-ray crystallography of the corresponding diester. We anticipate that access to optically resolved Thiele’s acid will stimulate its use in a diverse range of applications requiring chiral molecular clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - XuXin Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- Molecular Structure Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jeremy E. Wulff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
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9
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Kohrt S, Santschi N, Cvengroš J. Accessing N-Stereogenicity through a Double Aza-Michael Reaction: Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2016; 22:390-403. [PMID: 26767587 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Further development of the chemistry and applications of chiral compounds that possess configurationally stable stereogenic nitrogen atoms is hampered by the lack of efficient strategies to access such compounds in an enantiomerically pure form. Esters of propiolic acid and chiral alcohols were evaluated as cheap and readily available Michael acceptors in a diastereoselective synthesis of N-stereogenic compounds by means of a double aza-Michael conjugate addition. Diastereomeric ratios of up to 74:26 and high yields were achieved with (-)-menthyl propiolate as a substrate. Furthermore, a detailed mechanistic investigation was undertaken to shed some light on the course of this domino transformation. Kinetic studies revealed that the protic-solvent additive acts as a Brønsted acid and activates the ester toward the initial attack of the tetrahydrodiazocine partner. Conversely, acidic conditions proved unfavorable during the final cyclization step that provides the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Kohrt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland).,Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster (Germany)
| | - Nico Santschi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland).,Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster (Germany)
| | - Ján Cvengroš
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland).
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10
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Rúnarsson ÖV, Benkhäuser C, Christensen NJ, Ruiz JA, Ascic E, Harmata M, Snieckus V, Rissanen K, Fristrup P, Lützen A, Wärnmark K. Resolution and Determination of the Absolute Configuration of a Twisted Bis-Lactam Analogue of Tröger’s Base: A Comparative Spectroscopic and Computational Study. J Org Chem 2015; 80:8142-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ögmundur Vidar Rúnarsson
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian Benkhäuser
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niels Johan Christensen
- Department
of Chemistry, Building 201, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Josep Artacho Ruiz
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erhad Ascic
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Michael Harmata
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Centre, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI- 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Peter Fristrup
- Department
of Chemistry, Building 201, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kenneth Wärnmark
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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11
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Banerjee S, Bright SA, Smith JA, Burgeat J, Martinez-Calvo M, Williams DC, Kelly JM, Gunnlaugsson T. Supramolecular Approach to Enantioselective DNA Recognition Using Enantiomerically Resolved Cationic 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide-Based Tröger’s Bases. J Org Chem 2014; 79:9272-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501711g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Banerjee
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sandra A. Bright
- School
of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jayden A. Smith
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jeremy Burgeat
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Miguel Martinez-Calvo
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D. Clive Williams
- School
of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John M. Kelly
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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12
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Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration ofC2-Symmetric, Chiral 9,9′-Spirobifluorenes. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Meyer-Eppler G, Sure R, Schneider A, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Lützen A. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Dissymmetric 4,15-Difunctionalized [2.2]Paracyclophanes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6679-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501212t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Meyer-Eppler
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rebecca Sure
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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14
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Ondrisek P, Schwenk R, Cvengroš J. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure Tröger's base derivatives via chiral disulfoxides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9168-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03963g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Murphy S, Bright SA, Poynton FE, McCabe T, Kitchen JA, Veale EB, Williams DC, Gunnlaugsson T. Synthesis, photophysical and cytotoxicity evaluations of DNA targeting agents based on 3-amino-1,8-naphthalimide derived Tröger's bases. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6610-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42213e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Lauber A, Zelenay B, Cvengroš J. Asymmetric synthesis of N-stereogenic molecules: diastereoselective double aza-Michael reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1195-7. [PMID: 24326342 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48486f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach towards the asymmetric synthesis of N-stereogenic molecules via double aza-Michael addition was developed. The diastereomeric ratio can be increased by a thermodynamically controlled isomerization mechanism. Simple separation and functionalization of the products afford N-stereogenic compounds in high enantiomeric purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Lauber
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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17
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Cross JT, Rossi NA, Serafin M, Wheeler KA. Tröger's base quasiracemates and crystal packing tendencies. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00323c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A family of 7 Tröger's base (TB) compounds that vary in configuration (quasiracemates, racemates, and enantiomers) and chemical substitutions (Me, Cl, and Br) has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Cross
- Department of Chemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston, USA
| | | | - Mateusz Serafin
- Department of Chemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston, USA
| | - Kraig A. Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston, USA
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18
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Jameson DL, Field T, Schmidt MR, DeStefano AK, Stiteler CJ, Venditto VJ, Krovic B, Hoffman CM, Ondisco MT, Belowich ME. Application of Crystallization-Induced Asymmetric Transformation to a General, Scalable Method for the Resolution of 2,8-Disubstituted Tröger’s Base Derivatives. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11590-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401873x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald L. Jameson
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Thomas Field
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Monica R. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Alyson K. DeStefano
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | | | - Vincent J. Venditto
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Brooke Krovic
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Matthew T. Ondisco
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Matthew E. Belowich
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
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Kamiyama T, Özer MS, Otth E, Deska J, Cvengroš J. Modular Synthesis of Optically Active Tröger's Base Analogues. Chempluschem 2013; 78:1510-1516. [PMID: 31986657 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, enantioselective catalysis was applied for the preparation of Tröger's base derivatives affording N-stereogenic building blocks not only in excellent enantiomeric purity but also in an easily scalable fashion. Enzymatic kinetic resolution proved efficient to yield functionalized Tröger's bases, which can be subsequently modified by various chemical methods without any erosion of stereogenic information. In concert with a preparatively convenient protocol for the synthesis of the racemic substrates from commercially available anilines, a highly practicable and flexible route towards a wide range of enantiopure Tröger's base analogues is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kamiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, HCI H230, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-6321310
| | - Merve Sinem Özer
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Cologne (Germany), Fax: (+49) 221-4705102
| | - Elisabeth Otth
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, HCI H230, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-6321310
| | - Jan Deska
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Cologne (Germany), Fax: (+49) 221-4705102
| | - Ján Cvengroš
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, HCI H230, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-6321310
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Whiting AL, Dubicki KI, Hof F. Synthesis of Versatile Nonsymmetric Amine- and Boron-Functionalized Tröger's Base Derivatives, Including a Tröger's Base Amino Acid. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Meyer-Eppler G, Vogelsang E, Benkhäuser C, Schneider A, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Dissymmetric 4,12-Difunctionalized [2.2]Paracyclophanes. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Rúnarsson ÖV, Artacho J, Wärnmark K. The 125thAnniversary of the Tröger's Base Molecule: Synthesis and Applications of Tröger's Base Analogues. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lohoelter C, Schollmeyer D, Waldvogel SR. Derivatives of (-)-Isosteviol with Expanded Ring D and Various Oxygen Functionalities. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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