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Bishnoi A, Parsad D. Phototherapy for vitiligo: A narrative review on the clinical and molecular aspects, and recent literature. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2024; 40:e12968. [PMID: 38632705 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is characterized by depigmented patches resulting from loss of melanocytes. Phototherapy has emerged as a prominent treatment option for vitiligo, utilizing various light modalities to induce disease stability and repigmentation. AIMS AND METHODS This narrative review aims to explore the clinical applications and molecular mechanisms of phototherapy in vitiligo. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The review evaluates existing literature on phototherapy for vitiligo, analyzing studies on hospital-based and home-based phototherapy, as well as outcomes related to stabilization and repigmentation. Narrowband ultra-violet B, that is, NBUVB remains the most commonly employed, studied and effective phototherapy modality for vitiligo. Special attention is given to assessing different types of lamps, dosimetry, published guidelines, and the utilization of targeted phototherapy modalities. Additionally, the integration of phototherapy with other treatment modalities, including its use as a depigmenting therapy in generalized/universal vitiligo, is discussed. Screening for anti-nuclear antibodies and tailoring approaches for non-photo-adapters are also examined. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of phototherapy for vitiligo treatment. It underscores the evolving landscape of phototherapy and offers insights into optimizing therapeutic outcomes and addressing the challenges ahead. By integrating clinical evidence with molecular understanding, phototherapy emerges as a valuable therapeutic option for managing vitiligo, with potential for further advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Bishnoi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Davinder Parsad
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Salah EM, Bedair NI, El-Rahim SKA, El-Khalawany MA. Efficacy and safety of excimer light (308 nm) in the treatment of pityriasis lichenoides chronica. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2024; 40:e12964. [PMID: 38616405 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pityriasis lichenoides chronica is the chronic end of the spectrum of pityriasis lichenoides which have several forms of papulosuamous conditions. Several treatments obtained complete clearance of the condition including phototherapy and specifically narrow band ultraviolet B. The Excimer light 308 is a monochromatic light that acts within the ultraviolet B wavelength and used as a targeted phototherapy in several skin conditions. METHODS Thirty-four patients with histopathologically diagnosed pityriasis lichenoides chronica underwent treatment with biweekly sessions of excimer light 308 nm. Treatment continued until complete clearance was obtained or to a maximum of 48 sessions (24 weeks). RESULTS Thirty-one patients obtained complete clearance with no recurrence till the end of the study period, two patients had partial response and only one patient showed poor response to treatment. CONCLUSION Excimer light can be a safe and effective treatment of pityriasis lichinoides chronica in different ages and genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mohamed Salah
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen Ibrahim Bedair
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Houssini GS, Soughi M, Elbaldi M, Elrhazi K, Mernissi FZ. Vitiligo of the eyelids treated with excimer lamp and tacrolimus 0.1%. Int J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38654434 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.17209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghita Sqalli Houssini
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human Pathology, Biomedicine, and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, University of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Meryem Soughi
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human Pathology, Biomedicine, and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, University of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Marwa Elbaldi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Karima Elrhazi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zahra Mernissi
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human Pathology, Biomedicine, and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, University of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Chakraborty J, Chatterjee A, Molkens K, Nath I, Arenas Esteban D, Bourda L, Watson G, Liu C, Van Thourhout D, Bals S, Geiregat P, Van der Voort P. Decoding Excimer Formation in Covalent-Organic Frameworks Induced by Morphology and Ring Torsion. Adv Mater 2024:e2314056. [PMID: 38618981 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A thorough and quantitative understanding of the fate of excitons in covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) after photoexcitation is essential for their augmented optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications via precise structure tuning. The synthesis of a library of COFs having identical chemical backbone with impeded conjugation, but varied morphology and surface topography to study the effect of these physical properties on the photophysics of the materials is herein reported. The variation of crystallite size and surface topography substantified different aggregation pattern in the COFs, which leads to disparities in their photoexcitation and relaxation properties. Depending on aggregation, an inverse correlation between bulk luminescence decay time and exciton binding energy of the materials is perceived. Further transient absorption spectroscopic analysis confirms the presence of highly localized, immobile, Frenkel excitons (of diameter 0.3-0.5 nm) via an absence of annihilation at high density, most likely induced by structural torsion of the COF skeletons, which in turn preferentially relaxes via long-lived (nanosecond to microsecond) excimer formation (in femtosecond scale) over direct emission. These insights underpin the importance of structural and topological design of COFs for their targeted use in photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeet Chakraborty
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Amrita Chatterjee
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Korneel Molkens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- NOLIMITS, Center for Non-Linear Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University - imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 126, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Ipsita Nath
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Daniel Arenas Esteban
- EMAT-Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Laurens Bourda
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Geert Watson
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- NanoSensing Group, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Dries Van Thourhout
- NOLIMITS, Center for Non-Linear Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University - imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 126, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University - imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 126, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Pieter Geiregat
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- NOLIMITS, Center for Non-Linear Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Pascal Van der Voort
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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Kang S, Choi W, Ahn J, Kim T, Oh JH, Kim D. Impact of Packing Geometry on Excimer Characteristics and Mobility in Perylene Bisimide Polycrystalline Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:18134-18143. [PMID: 38554079 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Efficient exciton transport is essential for high-performance optoelectronics. Considerable efforts have been focused on improving the exciton mobility in organic materials. While it is feasible to improve mobility in organic systems by forming well-ordered stacks, the formation of trap states, particularly the lower-lying states referred to as excimers, remains a significant challenge to enhancing mobility. The mobility of excimer excitons intricately depends on the strength of excitonic coupling in terms of Förster-type diffusive exciton transfer processes. Given that the formation and mobility of excimer excitons are highly sensitive to molecular arrangements (packing geometries), conducting comprehensive investigations into the structure-property relationship in organic systems is crucial. In this study, we prepared three types of polycrystalline films of perylene bisimide (PBI) by varying substituents at the imide and bay positions, which allowed us to tailor the properties of excimer excitons and their mobility based on packing geometries and excitonic coupling strengths. By utilizing femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, we observed ultrafast excimer formation in the higher coupling regime, while in the lower coupling regime, the transition from Frenkel to excimer excitons occurs with a time constant of 500 fs. Under high pump-fluence, exciton-exciton annihilation processes occur, indicating the diffusion of excimer excitons. Intriguingly, employing a three-dimensional diffusion model, we derived a diffusion constant that is 3000 times greater in the high coupling regime than in the low coupling regime. To investigate the optoelectronic properties in the form of a bulk system, we fabricated n-type organic field effect transistors and obtained 8000 times higher mobility in the high coupling regime. Furthermore, photocurrent measurements enable us to investigate the charge carrier transport by mobile excimer excitons, suggesting a 230-fold improvement in external quantum efficiency with tightly packing PBI molecules compared to the low coupling regime. These findings not only offer valuable insights into optimizing organic materials for optoelectronic devices but also unveil the intriguing potential of exciton migration within excimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongsoo Kang
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonbin Choi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Ahn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Kim JC, Kim HR, Park JS, Lee SY, Kim HO, Park CW, Chung BY. Vitamin D supplementation can enhance therapeutic effects of excimer laser in patients with vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:839-848. [PMID: 37864402 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitiligo is a disease of acquired depigmentation characterized by the destruction of melanocytes. A theoretical association between low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and vitiligo has been previously suggested. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of intramuscular injection of cholecalciferol with excimer laser compared with the excimer laser alone for vitiligo treatment. METHODS This study included 26 patients diagnosed with non-segmental vitiligo and low serum 25(OH)D levels (<20 ng/mL). The participants were randomly divided into two groups through randomization. The treatment using a 308-nm excimer laser was administered to both groups, and the study group additionally received cholecalciferol injection. RESULTS The Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) scores showed an 83.6% improvement over the initial score in the study group, whereas the control group showed a 54.7% improvement after 6 months of treatment. After 6 months of treatment, the study group showed a significantly higher proportion of patients who achieved VASI50 and VASI75 compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Intramuscular injection of cholecalciferol can be a supplemental option for the treatment of vitiligo patients with vitamin D deficiency with excimer laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheol Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ran Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seo Park
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Wook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cheng Q, Hao A, Xing P. Engineering π-Conjugation of Phenylalanine Derivatives for Controllable Chiral Folding and Self-Assemblies. ACS Nano 2024. [PMID: 38315078 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
π-π stacking interaction is an attractive interaction that involves aromatic groups containing π-conjugated domains. It is a promising strategy for stabilizing folded structures with interesting chiroptical properties and manipulating the supramolecular chiral self-assembly process. In this study, we report the engineering of π-conjugated amino acids that utilize π-π stacking interactions to manipulate chiral folding as well as self-assembly evolution. Stepwise conjugation of phenyl, naphthyl, and pyrenyl to N-terminal phenylalanine derivatives witnessed the folding through intramolecular π-interactions in solution phase, which facilitated the formation of chiral geometry and the emergence of chiral optics. Introduction of aromatic domains efficiently lowers the critical aggregation concentration in the aqueous media. Molecular folding enables a special concentration-dependent self-assembly, whereby the supramolecular chirality accomplished inversion with the evolution of helical nanoarchitectures. This work develops a strategy to engineer π-conjugated amino acids with controllable folding behaviors, which also offers implications for the rational design of functional chiral materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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Huang B, Yu J, Dong J, Zhou Y, Zhai L, Dou L, Wu C, Liang X, Zhang C, Ostrikov KK, Shao T. Improving Charge Storage of Biaxially-Oriented Polypropylene under Extreme Electric Fields by Excimer UV Irradiation. Adv Mater 2024:e2311713. [PMID: 38302103 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Biaxially-oriented polypropylene (BOPP) is one of the most commonly used materials for film-based capacitors for power electronics and pulsed power systems. To address the pressing issue of performance-limiting loss under extreme electric-fields, here a one-step, high-throughput, and environment-friendly process based on very low-dose ultra-violet irradiation from KrCl (222 nm) and Xe2 (172 nm) excimer is demonstrated. The performance of commercial BOPP is boosted in terms of withstanding electric-field extremes (Weibull breakdown strength 694 to 811 V µm-1 by 17% at 25 °C and 428 to 651 V µm-1 by 52% at 120 °C), discharged energy density, and conduction losses. Importantly, the depth profile of space charge is precisely measured in situ with a high resolution of 500 nm by laser induced pressure pulse. Consequently, the space charge effect and electric-field distortion are reduced and related to the improved polymer films. It is demonstrated that energetic UV photons act as scissors for BOPP chains and dissociate oxygen molecules leading to the more thermally stable oxygen-containing structures, as deep traps to impede charge migration. This work provides a promising approach to produce polymers with customized microscopic characteristics that is compatible with the assembly lines of polymer-based capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangdou Huang
- Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiachuan Yu
- Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liguang Dou
- Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xidong Liang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics and QUT Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Tao Shao
- Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Dai Y, Rambaldi F, Negri F. Eclipsed and Twisted Excimers of Pyrene and 2-Azapyrene: How Nitrogen Substitution Impacts Excimer Emission. Molecules 2024; 29:507. [PMID: 38276585 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique photophysical and electronic properties, pyrene and its analogues have been the subject of extensive research in recent decades. The propensity of pyrene and its derivatives to form excimers has found wide application in various fields. Nitrogen-substituted pyrene derivatives display similar photophysical properties, but for them, excimer emission has not been reported to date. Here, we use time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations to investigate the low-lying exciton states of dimers of pyrene and 2-azapyrene. The excimer equilibrium structures are determined and the contribution of charge transfer (CT) excitations and intermolecular interactions to the exciton states is disclosed using a diabatization procedure. The study reveals that the dimers formed by the two molecules have quite similar exciton-state patterns, in which the relevant CT contributions govern the formation of excimer states, along with the La/Lb state inversion. In contrast with pyrene, the dipole-dipole interactions in 2-azapyrene stabilize the dark eclipsed excimer structure and increase the barrier for conversion into a bright twisted excimer. It is suggested that these differences in the nitrogen-substituted derivative might influence the excimer emission properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasi Dai
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis-C3, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo Rambaldi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis-C3, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Park BG, Seul TW, Shin JJ, Son SW. Preliminary Clinical Study of the Effects and Safety of 308-nm Excimer Light Treatment in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:417-423. [PMID: 38086355 PMCID: PMC10733073 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease which, depending on its severity, can have a significant impact on the quality of life of affected individuals. In cases of severe AD, systemic immunomodulatory agents can be considered for treatment. However, the available treatment options for moderate AD are limited. According to previous reports, however, 308-nm excimer light is a potential treatment for localized, moderate AD. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of 308-nm excimer light in Korean adults with AD. METHODS This study included Korean patients aged over 19 years, who were diagnosed with AD by a dermatologist, with bilateral, symmetric, and eczematous lesions. The symmetrical lesions in each patient were treated as control-test pairs. Treatment with 308-nm excimer light was applied to the test lesion twice a week for 4 weeks. The severity of the eczema, trans-epidermal water loss, and epidermal capacitance were measured. RESULTS A total of 25 participants were enrolled in the study. After the first visit, two participants withdrew, whereas the remaining 23 completed the study. There was a statistically significant improvement in AD severity in the test group than in the control group (p<0.001). Skin barrier function also improved in the test than in the control group (p<0.01). CONCLUSION This study provides preliminary evidence for the use of 308-nm excimer light as a treatment option to improve symptoms and skin barrier function in moderately localized AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Geun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Tae Woong Seul
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jung Jin Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Son
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
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11
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Yu Y, Lu J, Zhang Y, Shi Y. A prospective randomized half-body study: 308 nm LED light vs. 308 nm excimer laser for localized psoriasis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1275912. [PMID: 38020146 PMCID: PMC10657802 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1275912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease affecting approximately 3.2% of the population. The 308 nm light emitting diode (LED) is a novel, portable, and cost-effective light source, may have potential in the treatment of localized psoriasis patients in a home setting. Objective To compare the clinical and dermoscopic responses in localized psoriatic patients undergoing localized phototherapy with 308 nm LED light and excimer laser. Methods Twenty-two patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis and symmetrical skin lesions were included in this prospective, randomized, left-to-right body trial. The target lesions were randomly treated with either LED light or excimer laser twice a week for 12 weeks. The responses were evaluated by the local psoriasis severity index (LPSI) scores, and dermoscopic features of the target lesions were examined and analyzed. Results Out of the 22 included psoriasis patients, 10 successfully completed the 12 weeks study. Both treatment sides showed similar clinical improvement in terms of clinical response, as evidenced by a LPSI 50 rate of 70% on the LED side and 80% on the excimer side, p > 0.05. Furthermore, the dermoscopic features also exhibited comparable improvement. Conclusion The efficacy and safety of 308 nm LED light therapy are comparable to 308 nm excimer laser therapy. Moreover, given the portability and cost-effectiveness of 308 nm LED light, it holds great promise as a home phototherapy in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyuan Yu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajing Lu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Moscovici BK, Rodrigues PF, Dantas MPS, Okimoto JT, Naves OS, Taguchi FMDC, Malta JBNS, Campos M. Ten-year follow-up of corneal cross-linking and refractive surface ablation in patients with asymmetric corneal topography. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3210-3218. [PMID: 37602610 PMCID: PMC10565913 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2557_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Compare the safety and efficacy of wavefront-guided photorefractive keratotomy (PRK) 6 months after cross-linking (CXL) to wavefront-guided PRK alone for refractive correction in patients with bilateral asymmetric corneal topography. Methods Prospective randomized clinical trial with 16 patients (32 eyes). CXL with subsequent PRK after 6 months in one eye, and PRK alone was performed in contralateral eyes. The follow-up was 10 years. We analyzed visual outcomes, Scheimpflug topography, and corneal haze evaluation. Results Eyes in the PRK group showed better results than in the CXL + PRK group. Mean postoperative CDVA was 0.044 logmar (SD, 0.073) in the PRK group and 0.1 logmar (SD, 0.21) in the CXL + PRK group, the mean sphere was + 0.21 (SD, 0.6) D in the PRK group and 0.87 (SD, 2.3) D in the CXL + PRK group, and mean SE was -0.35 (SD, 0.65) D in the PRK group and 0.62 (SD, 2.32) D in the CXL + PRK group. In one patient, a steepening of 2.5 D and a thinning of 17 μm occurred in PRK alone group. Two patients in the CXL + PRK group presented corneal haze. The overall complication rate was 18,75% (haze and ectasia). Conclusion Non-simultaneous CXL and PRK procedures yielded good refractive results, but worse than those obtained with PRK alone. Although one patient in the PRK group developed corneal ectasia, the CXL + PRK group had a higher loss of vision lines, indicating less safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Kaplan Moscovici
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Felipe Rodrigues
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Paulo Suehiro Dantas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Taemy Okimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Obidulho Sakassegawa Naves
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Marques de Carvalho Taguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Baptista Nigro Santiago Malta
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro Campos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Knorr ES, Basquill CT, Bertini IA, Arcidiacono A, Beery D, Wheeler JP, Winfred JSRV, Strouse GF, Hanson K. Influence of Al 2O 3 Overlayers on Intermolecular Interactions between Metal Oxide Bound Molecules. Molecules 2023; 28:4835. [PMID: 37375390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions on inorganic substrates can have a critical impact on the electrochemical and photophysical properties of the materials and subsequent performance in hybrid electronics. Critical to the intentional formation or inhibition of these processes is controlling interactions between molecules on a surface. In this report, we investigated the impact of surface loading and atomic-layer-deposited Al2O3 overlayers on the intermolecular interactions of a ZrO2-bound anthracene derivative as probed by the photophysical properties of the interface. While surface loading density had no impact on the absorption spectra of the films, there was an increase in excimer features with surface loading as observed by both emission and transient absorption. The addition of ALD overlayers of Al2O3 resulted in a decrease in excimer formation, but the emission and transient absorption spectra were still dominated by excimer features. These results suggest that ALD may provide a post-surface loading means of influencing such intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica S Knorr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Cody T Basquill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Isabella A Bertini
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Ashley Arcidiacono
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Drake Beery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Jonathan P Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - J S Raaj Vellore Winfred
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Geoffrey F Strouse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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14
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Said AI, Staneva D, Grabchev I. New Water-Soluble Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimer Modified with 4-Sulfo-1,8-naphthalimide Units: Sensing Properties and Logic Gates Mimicking. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23115268. [PMID: 37299994 DOI: 10.3390/s23115268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new water-soluble poly(propylene imine) dendrimer (PPI) modified with 4-sulfo-1,8-naphthalimid units (SNID) and its related structure monomer analog (SNIM) has been prepared by a simple synthesis. The aqueous solution of the monomer exhibited aggregation-induced emission (AIE) at 395 nm, while the dendrimer emitted at 470 nm due to an excimer formation beside the AIE at 395 nm. Fluorescence emission of the aqueous solution of either SNIM or SNID was significantly affected by traces of different miscible organic solvents, and the limits of detection were found to be less than 0.05% (v/v). Moreover, SNID exhibited the function to execute molecular size-based logic gates where it mimics XNOR and INHIBIT logic gates using water and ethanol as inputs and the AIE/excimer emissions as outputs. Hence, the concomitant execution of both XNOR and INHIBIT enables SNID to mimic digital comparators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad I Said
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Desislava Staneva
- Department of Textile, Leader, and Fuels, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivo Grabchev
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
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15
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Zheng M, Li L, Tian D, Zhang Z, Zhou W, He M. Tailoring Dye Emissions within Metal-Organic Frameworks for Tunable Luminescence and Ratiometric Temperature Sensing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:23479-23488. [PMID: 37133289 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as powerful platforms for tuning the luminescence characteristics of guests due to their various structures and functions. Tunable and stimuli-responsive luminescence of guests within MOFs can be achieved through a judicious choice of guests and hosts. Herein, we demonstrate a dramatic change in the luminescence of dye excimers encapsulated in MOFs. A polar dye presented largely red-shifted excimer emissions in MOFs with higher polarities, while a nonpolar dye showed very different excimer emissions. Interestingly, the excimer emissions tailored by the MOFs showed strong thermal quenching. Cz-Ant@ZIF-8, containing two luminescent dyes (carbazole (Cz) and anthracene (Ant)), was prepared, and it presented ratiometric temperature sensing properties (1.55% K-1) in the temperature range of 278-353 K. This work sheds light on the luminescence tuning of dyes confined in MOFs and the design of sensitive ratiometric thermometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Luminescence Minerals and Optical Functional Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P. R. China
| | - Dan Tian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Weiyou Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
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Yousefian F, Yadlapati S, Browning JC. The use of Janus kinase inhibitors and narrowband ultraviolet B combination therapy in non-segmental vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1105-1107. [PMID: 36440703 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a depigmentation disorder of the skin that occurs secondary to the destruction of melanocytes by an immune-mediated process. Vitiligo clinically presents with depigmented macules and patches, most commonly on the face, acral sites, and genitalia. It can be characterized as generalized or localized based on distribution. The localized form can be further divided into segmental (linear, band-like, or Blaschkoid) and non-segmental vitiligo. The classical treatment of vitiligo includes topical steroids, pulsed oral steroids in unstable vitiligo, phototherapy, a combination of steroid therapy and phototherapy, surgical grafting, as well as intentional depigmentation therapy in severe cases. However, recent advances in understanding the immune mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo have led to the use of an FDA-approved topical Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for vitiligo. Despite this novel therapy advancement, we recommend the addition of narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) to JAK inhibitors in patients with extensive and progressive lesions, or those not fully responsive to JAK inhibitor monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Yousefian
- Center for Clinical and Cosmetic Research, Aventura, Florida, USA
| | - Sujitha Yadlapati
- HCA Corpus Christi Medical Center- Bay Area Dermatology Residency Program, McAllen, Texas, USA
| | - John C Browning
- Adjunct Associate Professor, UT Health San Antonio Medical Director, Texas Dermatology and Laser Specialists, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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17
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Saad MA, Tawfik KM, Abdelaleem HL. Efficacy and safety of micro-needling combined with topical 5-fluorouracil and excimer light vs. excimer light alone in treatment of non-segmental vitiligo: A comparative study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:810-821. [PMID: 36343160 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Vitiligo is one of the most challenging dermatological diseases with little improvement promises. Various modalities of treatment both medical and surgical have been used in the treatment of vitiligo. Some proved to be effective, others with controversial results and the rest were effective less. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the additional effect of topical 5-fluorouracil after micro-needling to excimer light (308 nm) in treatment of non-segmental vitiligo. METHODS Fifty patients were included in the present study, only 33 patients continued the treatment for 6 months. Two patches were selected in every patient to be treated, one patch with micro-needling then application of 5 FU and excimer (Group A), and the other with excimer only (Group B). RESULTS The treatment with the combination of micro-needling then application of 5 FU and excimer showed significant earlier response versus excimer alone. Also, the percentage of re-pigmentation was higher in the patches treated with the combination especially in the face and trunk. The combination of 5 FU after micro-needling and Excimer is more suitable for localized and focal vitiligo. CONCLUSION Topical 5 FU after micro-needling is a promising, rapid, and cost-effective therapeutic strategy for treatment of non-segmental vitiligo It had limited side effects, and the best response was reported for lesions affecting face and trunk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Saad
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Khaled Mohamed Tawfik
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hazem L Abdelaleem
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University (Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
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18
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Matić J, Tandarić T, Radić Stojković M, Šupljika F, Karačić Z, Tomašić Paić A, Horvat L, Vianello R, Tumir LM. Phenanthridine-pyrene conjugates as fluorescent probes for DNA/RNA and an inactive mutant of dipeptidyl peptidase enzyme. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:550-565. [PMID: 37153642 PMCID: PMC10155618 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Two novel conjugate molecules were designed: pyrene and phenanthridine-amino acid units with a different linker length between the aromatic fragments. Molecular modelling combined with spectrophotometric experiments revealed that in neutral and acidic buffered water solutions conjugates predominantly exist in intramolecularly stacked conformations because of the π-π stacking interaction between pyrene and phenanthridine moieties. The investigated systems exhibited a pH-dependent excimer formation that is significantly red-shifted relative to the pyrene and phenanthridine fluorescence. While the conjugate with a short linker showed negligible spectrophotometric changes due to the polynucleotide addition, the conjugate with a longer and more flexible linker exhibited a micromolar and submicromolar binding affinity for ds-polynucleotides and inactivated a mutant of dipeptidyl peptidase enzyme E451A. Confocal microscopy revealed that the conjugate with the longer linker entered the HeLa cell membranes and blue fluorescence was visualized as the dye accumulated in the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Matić
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Interactions and Spectroscopy, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tana Tandarić
- Laboratory for the Computational Design and Synthesis of Functional Materials, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Radić Stojković
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Interactions and Spectroscopy, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Filip Šupljika
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry and Corrosion, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Karačić
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Molecular Modelling, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Tomašić Paić
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Molecular Modelling, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Horvat
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Vianello
- Laboratory for the Computational Design and Synthesis of Functional Materials, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija-Marija Tumir
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Interactions and Spectroscopy, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Hong E, Posligua A, Elwood H, Smidt AC. Excimer laser treatment for morphea-lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap in a pediatric patient. JAAD Case Rep 2022; 32:96-98. [PMID: 36698372 PMCID: PMC9867949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hong
- University of New Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Alba Posligua
- Department of Dermatology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Hillary Elwood
- Department of Dermatology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico,Pathology Associates of Albuquerque, Albuquerque, New Mexico,Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Aimee C. Smidt
- Department of Dermatology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico,Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque New Mexico,Correspondence to: Aimee C. Smidt, MD, Chair, Professor of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Founding Director, Department of Dermatology, Vascular Anomalies Clinic, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 1021 Medical Arts Ave NE, Albuquerque, NM 87102.
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Lee HS, Na YJ, Kim CH, Shin JY. Multifaceted Excited State Dynamics of Coumarin Dyes Anchored on Al 2O 3 Film. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010111. [PMID: 36615303 PMCID: PMC9821847 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The co-facially stacked dyes on semiconductor films serve as an alternative model to elucidate the photo-driven exciton dynamics occurring in a molecular assembly. In this study, we report the unique emission properties of coumarin dye adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor film, measured by ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence. When a rigid coumarin derivative, 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (OHCCA), is anchored on the Al2O3 film, the dye manifests dual emissions from the two lowest excited states. Various anchoring modes of a carboxylic acid group on the Al2O3 surface are invoked to account for the unusual emission process. Additionally, we identified characteristic transition dipole interactions in the well-stacked dye aggregates, which leads to discernible excitonic splitting in the electronic transitions. Femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence reveals that the excimer formation in the aggregate occurs with the time constant of 550 fs. Picosecond time-resolved emission spectra confirm the subsequent structural relaxations of the nascent excimer. The enhanced transition dipole via the electronic coupling between OHCCA and metal oxide can be responsible for the dual emission and the ultrafast excimer formation.
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21
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Chen Y. Recent Advances in Excimer-Based Fluorescence Probes for Biological Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238628. [PMID: 36500722 PMCID: PMC9741103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescent probe is a powerful tool for biological sensing and optical imaging, which can directly display analytes at the molecular level. It provides not only direct visualization of biological structures and processes, but also the capability of drug delivery systems regarding the target therapy. Conventional fluorescent probes are mainly based on monomer emission which has two distinguishing shortcomings in practice: small Stokes shifts and short lifetimes. Compared with monomer-based emission, excimer-based fluorescent probes have large Stokes shifts and long lifetimes which benefit biological applications. Recent progress in excimer-based fluorescent sensors (organic small molecules only) for biological applications are highlighted in this review, including materials and mechanisms as well as their representative applications. The progress suggests that excimer-based fluorescent probes have advantages and potential for bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, TIPC, CAS, Beijing 100190, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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22
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Belova AS, Khchoyan AG, Il’ina TM, Kononevich YN, Ionov DS, Sazhnikov VA, Khanin DA, Nikiforova GG, Vasil’ev VG, Muzafarov AM. Polydimethylsiloxanes with Grafted Dibenzoylmethanatoboron Difluoride: Synthesis and Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235075. [PMID: 36501470 PMCID: PMC9740564 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the preparation of polydimethylsiloxanes with grafted methoxy-substituted dibenzoylmethanatoboron difluoride has been described. The structures of prepared polymers were confirmed using NMR, IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography methods. Their thermal properties were investigated using thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermomechanical analysis. The prepared polymers had good thermal (Td5% up to 393 °C) and thermo-oxidative (Td5% = 413 °C) stability. The polymers started to transit in a viscous flow state at about 40 °C (for 3 a) and at about 20 °C (for 3 b). The viscoelastic characteristics of prepared polymers were determined in the sinusoidal oscillating vibrations mode. It was shown that the studied polymers at low frequencies at room temperature are viscoelastic fluids (G′ < G″). Increasing the frequency led to inversion (crossover) of dependences G′ and G″, which indicated the transition of polymers from viscous to elastomeric behavior characteristics, and the beginning of the formation of a physical network. Optical properties were studied using electron absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. It was shown that intramolecular H-dimers exist in the ground state. The polymers studied had a bright fluorescence in the solution and in the solid state, consisting of bands of monomer and excimer emission. Thermally-activated delayed fluorescence was observed in the solution and the solid state. The prepared polymers possess intriguing properties that make them useful as optical materials, sensors or imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S. Belova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arevik G. Khchoyan
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemical-Pharmaceutical Technologies and Biomedical Preparations, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana M. Il’ina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Technology of Inorganic Substances and High-Temperature Materials, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy N. Kononevich
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Dmitry S. Ionov
- Photochemistry Center, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 1119421 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viacheslav A. Sazhnikov
- Photochemistry Center, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 1119421 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Khanin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina G. Nikiforova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor G. Vasil’ev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aziz M. Muzafarov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117393 Moscow, Russia
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Ruduss A, Turovska B, Belyakov S, Stucere KA, Vembris A, Baryshnikov G, Ågren H, Lu JC, Lin WH, Chang CH, Traskovskis K. Thiazoline Carbene-Cu(I)-Amide complexes: Efficient White Electroluminescence from Combined Monomer and Excimer Emission. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:15478-15493. [PMID: 35345881 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent carbene-metal-amide complexes bearing group 11 metals (Cu, Ag, Au) have recently attracted great attention due to their exceptional emission efficiency and high radiative decay rates (kr). These materials provide a less costly alternative to organic light-emitting diode (OLED) emitters based on more scarce metals, such as Ir and Pt. Herein, a series of eight Cu(I) complexes bearing as yet unexplored 1,3-thiazoline carbenes have been investigated and analyzed with respect to their light emission properties and OLED application. For the first time among the class of copper-based organometallic compounds the formation of efficient electroluminescent excimers is demonstrated. The prevalence of electroluminescence (EL) from either the monomer (bluish green) or the excimer (orange-red) can be adjusted in vacuum-deposited emissive layers by altering the extent of steric encumbrance of the emitter or its concentration. Optimized conditions in terms of the emitter structure and mass fraction allowed a simultaneous EL from the monomer and excimer, which laid the basis for a preparation of a single-emitter white OLED (WOLED) with external quantum efficiency of 16.5% and a maximum luminance of over 40000 cd m-2. Wide overlapping emission bands of the monomer and excimer ensure a device color rendering index (CRI) of above 80. In such a way the prospects of copper complexes as cost-effective materials for lighting devices are demonstrated, offering expense reduction through a cheaper emissive component and a simplified device architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armands Ruduss
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048, Riga, Latvia
| | - Baiba Turovska
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles Str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Sergey Belyakov
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles Str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Kitija A Stucere
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Str. 8, LV-1063, Riga, Latvia
| | - Aivars Vembris
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Str. 8, LV-1063, Riga, Latvia
| | - Glib Baryshnikov
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jhao-Cheng Lu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Chungli 32003, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Han Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Chungli 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Chungli 32003, Taiwan
| | - Kaspars Traskovskis
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048, Riga, Latvia
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24
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Zullo V, Iuliano A, Pescitelli G, Zinna F. Tunable Excimer Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Isohexide Derivatives from Renewable Resources. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104226. [PMID: 34982485 PMCID: PMC9303411 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds showing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) are at the forefront of novel applications and technologies. Here we show the synthesis and chiroptical properties of pyrene and perylene derivatives of inexpensive chiral scaffolds: isomannide and isosorbide. Low‐intensity ECD spectra were obtained, suggesting the absence of chromophore interaction in the ground state, except in the case of isomannide bis‐perylenecarboxylate, whose ECD spectrum showed a positive exciton couplet. All isomannide derivatives, with the only exception of the one containing a pyrenecarboxylate and a perylenecarboxylate, exhibited excimer CPL spectra, whereas isosorbide derivatives did not show any CPL. Isomannide derivatives bearing two pyrenecarboxylate or two pyrenylacetate groups showed positive CPL emission with dissymmetry factors up to 10−2, which depends on the conformational freedom of the appended units. The CPL sign, Stokes shift and order of magnitude of dissymmetry factor were reproduced by excited‐state calculations on a representative compound. Interestingly, the mixed derivative containing pyrenic units with different spacing from the isomannide scaffold showed an oppositely signed excimer band with respect to the homo‐substituted derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Zullo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Anna Iuliano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
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25
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Mohammadi S, Amiri R, Khalili M, Iranmanesh B, Aflatoonian M. Treatment protocols and efficacy of combined laser with medical treatment modalities in vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:3272-3291. [PMID: 34766697 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Nowadays, lasers are used for treatment of vitiligo in difficult-to-treat areas and refractory lesions. Combination of lasers with other medical modalities can provide higher efficacy, faster response rate, and higher compliance of patients to treatment. AIM In this article, we reviewed articles regarding safety, efficacy, and treatment protocols of combined laser with other medical modalities. METHODS We searched articles with relevant key words in Google scholar and PubMed. Inclusion criteria were articles in English language since January 2000 until March 2021that evaluate combination of laser with other topical or systemic medical treatments. RESULTS A total of 42 articles evaluated efficacy of lasers [excimer, carbon dioxide (CO2 ), erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG), and non-ablative resurfacing laser] combined with topical or systemic medical treatment modalities. Effective response rate (more than 50% improvement) varied between 7.7% and 92%. Initial repigmentation observed between 4 and 13 weeks after beginning of treatment. CONCLUSION Combination of laser with medical modalities leads to more rapid repigmentation, superior efficacy, and better compliance of patients with localized non-segmental type of vitiligo compared to monotherapy. Combination of excimer laser with topical therapy might be suggested for recalcitrant vitiligo lesions in face and neck. Combination of fractional ablative resurfacing lasers with topical therapy, especially 5-flurouracil, can be recommended particularly in recalcitrant acral and bony prominent areas. Further studies are required to achieve conclusive evidence in order to define the best stage of vitiligo for laser therapy and most effective combined treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Mohammadi
- Department of Dermatology, Afzalipour Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Rezvan Amiri
- Department of Dermatology, Afzalipour Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Khalili
- Department of Dermatology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behzad Iranmanesh
- Department of Dermatology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahin Aflatoonian
- Department of Dermatology, Afzalipour Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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26
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Radomski FAD, de Araujo Duarte C, Ribeiro E, de Sá EL. Optical Investigation of Essential Oils Using Absorbance and Photoluminescence. Appl Spectrosc 2021; 75:1136-1145. [PMID: 33464154 DOI: 10.1177/0003702821989694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are complex mixtures of organic substances with large commercial importance in the pharmaceutical, food, fragrance, and cosmetic industries due to their organoleptic and biological properties. Also, these materials are also luminescent what has taken several studies about its potential uses for the detection and quality control of essential oils, imaging, and for the investigation of the synergies of their constituents. Concerning this, the present work is dedicated to studying the optical properties of selected essential oils: citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus), Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis), clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum), and bergamot (Citrus bergamia). We carried out a comparative study of the photoluminescence and the ultraviolet-visible optical absorption (abs-UV-Vis) of these essential oils with their typical constituents. To inspect the effects of the intermolecular interactions on the optical response of these systems, mixtures between the essential oils constituents following the expected average percent mass fraction were also studied. From these experiments, the main results were bathochromic effects in the abs-UV-Vis spectra; excimer formation in citral, isopulegol, isomenthone, eugenol, and eugenyl acetate; excimer emission enhancing and specific solvent effect in the essential oils photoluminescence spectra. These results contribute to the knowledge of essential oils' applications, especially in the evaluation of components' interactions through a simple abs-UV-Vis assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evaldo Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Lemos de Sá
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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27
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Takada T, Nishida K, Honda Y, Nakano A, Nakamura M, Fan S, Kawai K, Fujitsuka M, Yamana K. Stacked Thiazole Orange Dyes in DNA Capable of Switching Emissive Behavior in Response to Structural Transitions. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2729-2735. [PMID: 34191388 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids with the capability of generating fluorescence in response to hybridization events, microenvironment or structural changes are valuable as structural probes and chemical sensors. We now demonstrate the enzyme-assisted preparation of nucleic acids possessing multiple thiazole orange (TO) dyes and their fluorescent behavior, that show a spectral change from the typical monomer emission to the excimer-type red-shifted emission. We found that the fluorescent response and emission wavelength of the TO dyes were dependent on both the state of the DNA structure (single- or double-stranded DNA) and the arrangement of the TO dyes. We showed that the fluorescent behavior of the TO dyes can be applied for the detection of RNA molecules, suggesting that our approach for preparing the fluorescent nucleic acids functionalized with multiple TO dyes could be useful to design a fluorescence bioimaging and detection technique of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadao Takada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2280, Japan
| | - Koma Nishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2280, Japan
| | - Yurika Honda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2280, Japan
| | - Aoi Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2280, Japan
| | - Mitsunobu Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2280, Japan
| | - Shuya Fan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Kawai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mamoru Fujitsuka
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazushige Yamana
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, 671-2280, Japan
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28
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Liao R, Wang X, Peng L, Sun H, Huang W. Achieving Organic Smart Fluorophores by Controlling the Balance between Intermolecular Interactions and External Stimuli. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:27491-27499. [PMID: 34096253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic smart fluorophores (OSFs) are highly desirable over the past decades because of their potential applications in advanced photonic devices. However, it is still difficult and challenging to obtain such materials with tunable photophysical properties and high emission efficiency based on robust construction strategies. Therefore, we proposed a simple and efficient strategy for constructing OSFs by balancing the competition between intermolecular interactions and external stimuli via molecular structure design. In this work, four pyrene derivatives (T1-Py, T4-Py, T12-Py, and S12-Py) with tunable stimuli-responsive properties were designed and synthesized. The tunable intermolecular interactions in solution states were successfully demonstrated by the molecular structure and solution concentration-dependent luminescence properties. The effect of alkyl chain length on molecular packing in solid states was investigated by polarized optical microscopy and powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction; the results show that with the increase in molecular chain length, the molecular packing of the compounds gradually changed from π-π stacked compact mode to X-crossing stacked loose mode, which leads to different stimuli-responsive phenomena of these compounds. The strategy provided herein facilitates the construction of multistimuli-responsive (thermochromism, mechanochromism, and vapochromism) OSFs with adjustable emission color. Harnessing the heat-responsive luminescence properties and great solubility of T12-Py, the optical information anticounterfeiting based on temperature was demonstrated by printing different concentrations of T12-Py solution on filter papers. Much more, this research may provide broad implications for the design of organic smart materials based on intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liao
- China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Ling Peng
- China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Huibin Sun
- China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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29
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Abstract
A series of amphiphilic diazapyrenes exhibiting switchable fluorescence under the stimulus of mechanical force or water vapor are reported for the first time. Comprehensive studies of their photophysical properties in different states based on UV-Vis absorption, FL emission, FT-IR spectroscopy, and XRD analysis have revealed a stimuli-induced excimer-based sensing mechanism. The relationship between molecular structures and optical responsive properties of these diazapyrene derivatives is illustrated. Moreover, the unique fluorescent, stimuli-responsive behaviors of these diazapyrene compounds in the solid state are used to fabricate sensory films for successively and orthogonally sensing mechanical force and water vapor. In contrast to the well-established knowledge on the transformation between the pyrene monomer and excimer, our study offers valuable information about the unknown diazapyrene excimers and demonstrates their potential applications in biocompatible force sensors, data storage, and humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Mengwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
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30
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Roy P, Bressan G, Gretton J, Cammidge AN, Meech SR. Ultrafast Excimer Formation and Solvent Controlled Symmetry Breaking Charge Separation in the Excitonically Coupled Subphthalocyanine Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10568-10572. [PMID: 33606913 PMCID: PMC8251754 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the factors controlling excited state dynamics in excitonically coupled dimers and higher aggregates is critical for understanding natural and artificial solar energy conversion. In this work, we report ultrafast solvent polarity dependent excited state dynamics of the structurally well‐defined subphthalocyanine dimer, μ‐OSubPc2. Stationary electronic spectra demonstrate strong exciton coupling in μ‐OSubPc2. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements reveal ultrafast excimer formation from the initially excited exciton, mediated by intramolecular structural evolution. In polar solvents the excimer state decays directly through symmetry breaking charge transfer to form a charge separated state. Charge separation occurs under control of solvent orientational relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palas Roy
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Nowich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Giovanni Bressan
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Jacob Gretton
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Nowich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Stephen R Meech
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Nowich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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31
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Abstract
Laser Vision Correction (LVC) is an elective, self-pay and safe surgical procedure to correct myopia and hyperopia. Since FDA approval 25 years ago, there have been a progression of technological improvements leading to better outcomes and LVC is now one of the safest surgical procedures. With a potential pool of 50 million patients, 6000 trained ophthalmic surgeons regularly treating in over 1000 centers of which 65% are physician owned. Treatments remain low from an earlier peak of 1.4 million to less than 800,000 over last 10 years. The factors preventing patients undergoing surgery have not changed and include the cost of $2000 ± $1000 per eye and fear of laser surgery on their eyes. The latter is overcome by word of mouth referrals and positive social media messaging. In addition, press misinformation and lack of optometrists participating in co-management have not helped grow LVC procedures despite the positive results of the FDA’s Patient Reported Outcomes with LASIK studies known as PROWL. The surgery is quick, and patients can be “in and out” in less than two hours with a rapid recovery, minimal postoperative restrictions and within 24 hours have 20/20 vision. Volume and price drives center and physician profitability with a scheduling capacity of two to four patients’ treatments per hour. Laser vision correction and especially LASIK, remains the treatment of choice for myopic and hyperopic patients wanting to remove their dependency on glasses and contact lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen N Joffe
- History of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery and Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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32
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Stavrou K, Danos A, Hama T, Hatakeyama T, Monkman A. Hot Vibrational States in a High-Performance Multiple Resonance Emitter and the Effect of Excimer Quenching on Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:8643-8655. [PMID: 33555850 PMCID: PMC8023512 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The photophysics of multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule ν-DABNA is described. We show coupling of a 285 cm-1 stretching/scissoring vibrational mode of peripheral phenyl rings to the S1 state, which dictates the ultimate emission full-width at half maximum. However, a separate high amplitude mode, 945 cm-1 of the N-biphenyl units, mediates the reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) mechanism. Concentration-dependent studies in solution and solid state reveal a second emission band that increases nonlinearly with concentration, independent of the environment assigned to excimer emission. Even at concentrations well below those used in devices, the excimer contribution affects performance. Using different solvents and solid hosts, rISC rates between 3-6 × 105 s-1 are calculated, which show negligible dependence on environmental polarity or host packing. At 20 K over the first 10 ns, we observe a broad Gaussian excimer emission band with energy on-set above the S1 exciton band. An optical singlet-triplet gap (ΔEST) of 70 meV is measured, agreeing with previous thermal estimates; however, the triplet energy is also found to be temperature-dependent. A monotonic increase of the exciton emission band full-width at half maximum with temperature indicates the role of hot transitions in forming vibrational excited states at room temperature (RT), and combined with an observed temperature dependency of ΔEST, we deduce that the rISC mechanism is that of thermally activated reverse internal conversion of T1 to TN (n ≥ 2) followed by rapid rISC of TN to S1. Organic light-emitting diodes with ν-DABNA as a hyperfluorescent emitter (0.5 wt % and 1 wt %) exhibit an increase of maximum external quantum efficiency, reaching 27.5% for the lower ν-DABNA concentration. On the contrary, a Förster radius analysis indicated that the energy transfer ratio is smaller because of higher donor-acceptor separation (>2.4 nm) with weak sensitizer emission observed in the electroluminescence. This indicates excimer quenching in 1 wt % devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleitos Stavrou
- Department
of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Andrew Danos
- Department
of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Toshiki Hama
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Andrew Monkman
- Department
of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
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33
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Abstract
We present a brief review of some important conceptual and practical aspects for the design and properties of molecular luminescent gelators and their gels. Topics considered include structural and dynamic aspects of the gels, including factors important to their ability to emit radiation from electronically excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard G. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
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34
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Abstract
Over the last decade, refractive surgery has been revolutionized by advancements in ablation profiles, available for the treatment of both regular and irregular corneas. Advances in corneal imaging have helped highlight the presence of higher-order aberrations, the correction of which could result in a better quality of vision. Topographic measurements being static are more repeatable and pupil independent and therefore provide the ideal platform for correction of both lower and higher-order aberrations and could result in improved visual quality even in patients with seemingly regular corneas. The combination of topography-guided treatment with collagen cross-linking has further increased the scope of treating irregular corneas like keratoconus, post-laser in-situ keratomileusis ectasia, and pellucid marginal degeneration. This review delves into the current literature and guidelines available for the topographic treatment of regular and irregular corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B Soundarya
- The Eye Foundation, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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35
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Biswas R, Ghosh S, Bhaumik SK, Banerjee S. Selective recognition of ATP by multivalent nano-assemblies of bisimidazolium amphiphiles through "turn-on" fluorescence response. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2728-2738. [PMID: 33224299 PMCID: PMC7670119 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisimidazolium receptors, tagged with chromophoric pyrene at one end and linked to an n-alkyl chain at the other, underwent self-assembly in aqueous media depending on the length of the alkyl segment. The amphiphilic derivatives having n-decyl or longer chains, formed nano-assemblies with cyanic-green emission resulting from the stacked pyrene chromophores in the aggregates. The presence of positive surface charges on the multivalent aggregates led to ATP binding which was accompanied by a significant increase in the excimeric emission intensity. This provided a convenient way of monitoring ATP binding in a "turn-on" mode and an efficient detection of ATP was achieved in aqueous buffer and also in buffer containing 150 mM NaCl at physiological pH value. Furthermore, the multivalent aggregates demonstrated a significant selectivity in ATP detection over ADP, AMP and pyrophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Biswas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
| | - Surya Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
| | - Shubhra Kanti Bhaumik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
| | - Supratim Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
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36
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Cabral AD, Rafiei N, de Araujo ED, Radu TB, Toutah K, Nino D, Murcar-Evans BI, Milstein JN, Kraskouskaya D, Gunning PT. Sensitive Detection of Broad-Spectrum Bacteria with Small-Molecule Fluorescent Excimer Chemosensors. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2753-2762. [PMID: 32803944 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major problem for world health, triggered by the unnecessary usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics on purportedly infected patients. Current clinical standards require lengthy protocols for the detection of bacterial species in sterile physiological fluids. In this work, a class of small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors termed ProxyPhos was shown to be capable of rapid, sensitive, and facile detection of broad-spectrum bacteria. The sensors act via a turn-on fluorescent excimer mechanism, where close-proximity binding of multiple sensor units amplifies a red shift emission signal. ProxyPhos sensors were able to detect down to 10 CFUs of model strains by flow cytometry assays and showed selectivity over mammalian cells in a bacterial coculture through fluorescence microscopy. The studies reveal that the zinc(II)-chelates cyclen and cyclam are novel and effective binding units for the detection of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains. Mode of action studies revealed that the chemosensors detect Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains with two distinct mechanisms. Preliminary studies applying ProxyPhos sensors to sterile physiological fluids (cerebrospinal fluid) in flow cytometry assays were successful. The results suggest that ProxyPhos sensors can be developed as a rapid, inexpensive, and robust tool for the "yes-no" detection of broad-spectrum bacteria in sterile fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Cabral
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Nafiseh Rafiei
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Elvin D. de Araujo
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Tudor B. Radu
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Krimo Toutah
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Daniel Nino
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Bronte I. Murcar-Evans
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Joshua N. Milstein
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Dziyana Kraskouskaya
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Patrick T. Gunning
- Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Torres AE, Lyons AB, Hamzavi IH, Lim HW. Role of phototherapy in the era of biologics. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 84:479-485. [PMID: 32339702 PMCID: PMC7194984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phototherapy is a safe and effective treatment for many dermatologic conditions. With the advent of novel biologics and small molecule inhibitors, it is important to critically evaluate the role of phototherapy in dermatology. Surveys have shown that many dermatology residency programs do not dedicate time to teaching residents how to prescribe or administer phototherapy. Limitations of phototherapy include access to a center, time required for treatments, and insurance approval. Home phototherapy, a viable option, is also underused. However, it should be emphasized that modern phototherapy has been in use for over 40 years, has an excellent safety profile, and does not require laboratory monitoring. It can be safely combined with many other treatment modalities, including biologics and small molecule inhibitors. In addition, phototherapy costs significantly less than these novel agents. Dermatologists are the only group of physicians who have the expertise and proper training to deliver this treatment modality to our patients. Therefore, to continue to deliver high-quality, cost-effective care, it is imperative that phototherapy be maintained as an integral part of the dermatology treatment armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeli Eloise Torres
- Manila, Philippines; Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Alexis B Lyons
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Iltefat H Hamzavi
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Henry W Lim
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.
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Stulting RD, Durrie DS, Potvin RJ, Linn SH, Krueger RR, Lobanoff MC, Moshirfar M, Motwani MV, Lindquist TP, Stonecipher KG. Topography-Guided Refractive Astigmatism Outcomes: Predictions Comparing Three Different Programming Methods. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:1091-1100. [PMID: 32425495 PMCID: PMC7190381 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s244079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify the laser programming strategy that will achieve optimal refractive outcomes of LASIK with a topography-guided laser for eyes with a disparity between cylinder measured by manifest refraction and cylinder measured by topography. Setting Six surgeons at 5 clinical sites in the USA. Design Retrospective data review. Methods Preoperative, treatment, and postoperative data on 52 eyes that underwent topography-guided LASIK with the WaveLight EX500 Contoura® Vision excimer laser ablation profile in which the vectors representing the preoperative refractive cylinder and the cylinder measured by the WaveLight® Topolyzer™ VARIO Diagnostic Device (Vario cylinder) differed by >/= 0.50D and/or >/= 10 degrees of orientation were analyzed retrospectively. Data were contributed by six surgeons using the laser at 5 different clinical sites. Vector analysis of postoperative cylindrical refractive error and the actual laser programming strategy was used to calculate the cylindrical correction that would, theoretically, have completely eliminated postoperative refractive cylinder. This was compared to expected results using the preoperative manifest cylinder, the topographic cylinder, and the Phorcides Analytic Engine (Phorcides LLC, North Oaks MN; Phorcides). For analysis, subjects were stratified on the basis of the vector difference between Manifest and Topo cylinder (High, >0.75 D; and Low, ≤0.75 D). Results The poorest calculated theoretical outcomes were obtained with the manifest refraction (centroid: −0.43, 0.22; mean calculated error vector: 0.56 ± 0.42 D; p=ns). Better outcomes were obtained with the topographically measured refraction (centroid: 0.37, 0.02; mean calculated error vector: 0.47 ± 0.33 D; p=ns). The best outcomes were obtained with Phorcides (centroid: −0.15, 0.06; mean calculated error vector: 0.39 ± 0.28 D; p=ns). The mean error vector magnitude in the Phorcides Low group was significantly lower than for the Manifest and Topo Low groups (0.26 D vs 0.48 D and 0.33 D; p<0.01). The mean error magnitude in the Phorcides High group was nearly 0.25 D lower than for the Manifest High group (0.48 D vs 0.70 D; p<0.01), but was the same as for the Topo High group (0.48 D vs 0.48 D). Conclusion Our study suggests that using the topographically measured cylinder or the cylinder selected by Phorcides will produce more desirable refractive outcomes than entry of the preoperative refractive cylinder as the basis for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism with the WaveLight Contoura Vision excimer laser.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Steve H Linn
- Hoopes, Durrie, Rivera Research, Draper, UT, USA
| | | | | | - Majid Moshirfar
- Hoopes, Durrie, Rivera Research, Draper, UT, USA.,John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhatha Reddy
- Correspondence to: Vidhatha Reddy, BA, 515 Spruce Street, San Francisco, CA 94118.
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Shen T, Jiang N, Zhang X, He L, Lang XH, Sun JZ, Zhao H. Pyrene-Functionalized Polyacetylenes: Synthesis and Photoluminescence Property. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1366. [PMID: 31430894 PMCID: PMC6723286 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Four pyrene-functionalized polyacetylenes were designed and prepared through a typical post-polymerization modification route, which is the highly efficient reaction between activated ester and primary anime groups. The chemical structures of the resultant polymers were characterized with multiple spectroscopic techniques and the data indicated the successful functionalization of the polyacetylenes. The introduction of the pyrene moieties into the polymer structure allowed us to investigate the interactions between the polymer backbone and side chains. For the mono-substituted polyacetylenes, both the monomer and excimer emission features of the pyrene groups could be recorded, while for the di-substituted polyacetylenes, the fluorescence from the pyrene excimer vanished and the fluorescence intensity from the pyrene monomer decreased, the fluorescence from the polymer chain predominated the emission features. The concomitant energy transfer from the pyrene monomer and excimer to poly(diphenylacetylene) backbone was associated with the underlying mechanism. In addition to the substitution modes, the linkage between the poly(diphenylacetylene) backbone and the pyrene moiety also played a significant role in the determination of the emission species. A long alkyl spacer was beneficial to the pyrene monomer emission while a short one may be helpful to the formation of the excimer and intramolecular energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanxiao Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao'a Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lirong He
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundestrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xian Hua Lang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Jing Zhi Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610051, China.
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Mehta C, Mohammad T, Mehta D, Griffith J, Nicholson C, Hamzavi I. Effect of combination NSAID and NBUVB treatment in non-photoadapters-A pilot study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2019; 35:318-321. [PMID: 31004553 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a disorder of dyspigmentation that can impact quality of life. While narrow-band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) is an effective treatment for vitiligo, a subset of patients are unable to respond to phototherapy as they cannot photoadapt. However, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to increase the minimal erythema dose. PURPOSE To determine whether ibuprofen allows non-photoadapters to respond to therapeutic doses of NBUVB and maintain photoadaptation. METHOD Four patients unable to tolerate NBUVB or excimer past a dose of 1000 mJ/cm2 were enrolled in the study and given ibuprofen 400 mg prior to phototherapy, which was performed 2-3 times a week. Patients were followed up to 72 treatments to demonstrate photoadaptation and maintenance of response to phototherapy. Patients were clinically monitored by serial photographs approximately every 12 treatments. Response to phototherapy was monitored by tracking the dose of NBUVB received at each session. Maintenance of response was monitored for six treatments after discontinuing the ibuprofen. Percent change in pigmentation was also recorded. RESULTS Three out of four subjects enrolled in the study were able to increase their doses of phototherapy to a therapeutic range, and subjects continued to photoadapt for six treatments after discontinuing ibuprofen. Two subjects achieved repigmentation during their course of phototherapy. CONCLUSION Ibuprofen may be a safe alternative to corticosteroids for select patients with vitiligo that are unable to photoadapt. It appears that the ability to photoadapt continues once ibuprofen is discontinued, negating the need for chronic use. Enabling photoadaptation allows patients to achieve therapeutic doses of NBUVB phototherapy, leading to repigmentation and improved outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered through Henry Ford Hospital IRB-No. 9744.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintan Mehta
- College of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tasneem Mohammad
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Dhwani Mehta
- Dermatology Group of the Carolinas, Concord, North Carolina
| | - James Griffith
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Cynthia Nicholson
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Iltefat Hamzavi
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
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Lawal RO, Donnarumma F, Murray KK. Deep-ultraviolet laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2019; 54:281-287. [PMID: 30675964 PMCID: PMC6422691 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A 193-nm wavelength deep ultraviolet laser was used for ambient laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of biological samples. A pulsed ArF excimer laser was used to ablate solid samples, and the resulting plume of the desorbed material merged with charged electrospray droplets to form ions that were detected with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Solutions containing peptide and protein standards up to 66-kDa molecular weight were deposited on a metal target, dried, and analyzed. No fragmentation was observed from peptides and proteins as well as from the more easily fragmented vitamin B12 molecule. The mass spectra contained peaks from multiply charged ions that were identical to conventional electrospray. Deep UV laser ablation of tissue allowed detection of lipids from untreated tissue. The mechanism of ionization is postulated to involve absorption of laser energy by a fraction of the analyte molecules that act as a sacrificial matrix or by residual water in the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remilekun O. Lawal
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 70803, USA
| | - Fabrizio Donnarumma
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 70803, USA
| | - Kermit K. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 70803, USA
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Tsai KW, Wu YC, Jen TH, Chen SA. Electric-Field-Induced Excimer Formation at the Interface of Deep-Blue Emission Poly(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-fluorene) with Polyelectrolyte or Its Precursor as Electron-Injection Layer in Polymer Light-Emitting Diode and Its Prevention for Stable Emission and Higher Performance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:26422-26433. [PMID: 30011176 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolytes and their precursors as electron-injection layer (EIL) in polymer light-emitting diode have attracted extensive attention because they allow the use of environmentally stable high work function metals as cathode with efficient electron injection. Here, for the first time, we find that an undesirable green emission component (470-650 nm) in the electroluminescence spectra is observed during continuous operation of deep-blue emission β-phase poly(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-fluorene) (β-PFO) device upon introducing polyelectrolyte poly[9,9-bis(6'-(18-crown-6)methoxy)hexyl fluorene] chelating to potassium ion (PFCn6:K+) as EIL. This phenomenon also happens to nonchelating PFCn6, poly[(9,9-bis(3'-( N, N-dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)- alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)], or even nonemissive poly[4-((18-crown-6)methoxy)methyl styrene] chelating to K+ (PSCn6:K+). It can be ascribed to electric-field induction accompanied by thermal motion of a highly polar side chain in the polyelectrolyte leading to local segmental alignment of PFO main chains at the emitting layer (EML)/EIL interface and thus formation of green emission excimer, which is supported by the following observations: appearance of green emission component using nonemissive PSCn6:K+ as EIL, absence of green emission component as the device is operated at low-temperature (78 K) at which molecular thermal motion are frozen, and absence of green emission upon introducing 2,2',2″-(1,3,5-phenylbenzenetriyl)tris[1-phenyl-1 H-benzimidazole] as buffer layer in between EML and EIL for the prevention of direct contact of EML with polyelectrolyte or its precursor EIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuen-Wei Tsai
- Chemical Engineering Department , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China
| | - Yun-Chung Wu
- Chemical Engineering Department , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Hao Jen
- Chemical Engineering Department , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China
| | - Show-An Chen
- Chemical Engineering Department , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan , Republic of China
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Wilde S, Ma D, Koch T, Bakker A, Gonzalez-Abradelo D, Stegemann L, Daniliuc CG, Fuchs H, Gao H, Doltsinis NL, Duan L, Strassert CA. Toward Tunable Electroluminescent Devices by Correlating Function and Submolecular Structure in 3D Crystals, 2D-Confined Monolayers, and Dimers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:22460-22473. [PMID: 29931977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of new Pt(II) complexes bearing tailored cyclometalated C^N*N^C luminophores is reported along with their photophysical properties. The emission of the monomeric species can be blue shifted upon formal isosteric replacement of two C-H units by N atoms at the two cyclometalating rings. Their remarkable stability upon sublimation was demonstrated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy, which also revealed a defined self-assembly behavior leading to supramolecular arrays, showing a 3-fold symmetry in 2D-confined monolayers. The supramolecular organization is driven by van der Waals interactions of the side chains and does not depend on the nature of the luminophores, as also observed in the crystalline phases showing no significant Pt-Pt interactions in 3D. Conversely, the luminescence properties in glassy matrices at 77 K and in amorphous solids are indicative of intermolecular interactions with sizable intermetallic coupling, which was demonstrated by reproducing the emission spectra of dimeric species by means of (TD)DFT calculations. The tendency toward aggregation was also traceable by cyclic voltammetry, whereas thermogravimetric analyses confirmed their stability. Solution-processed and vacuum-deposited OLED devices showed a concentration-dependent electroluminescence that red shifts with increasing doping ratios. Due to the stability of the complexes, solution-processed and vacuum-deposited devices showed identical electroluminescence spectra. Besides favoring aggregation, introduction of two N atoms has a detrimental effect on the device performance, due to the prolonged excited-state lifetimes favoring triplet-triplet annihilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wilde
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Dongxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tobias Koch
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Dario Gonzalez-Abradelo
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Linda Stegemann
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 40 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Hongying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
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Luo J, Wang Y, Nakano T. Free-Radical Copolymerization of Dibenzofulvene with (Meth)acrylates Leading to π-Stacked Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E654. [PMID: 30966688 PMCID: PMC6404116 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Copolymerizations of dibenzofulvene (DBF) with methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methyl acrylate (MA), and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) were conducted under free radical conditions in toluene using α,α'-azobisisobutylonitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. In the copolymerizations, DBF indicated much higher reactivity than the comonomers, and the products comprised mainly of DBF units. NMR, UV, and fluorescence spectra, as well as electrochemical features indicated that the copolymers possess both isolated and rather short, sequential (meth)acrylate units, as well as π-stacked and unstacked DBF sequences. Isolated (meth)acrylate units are proposed to be sandwiched between DBF units. The ratios of π-stacked and unstacked side-chain fluorene groups of DBF units in excited states were accurately determined on the basis of fluorescent emission spectra; DBF units are mostly π-stacked in excited states as disclosed by fluorescence spectra. Two types of π-stacked sequences were suggested to be present in the ground state by electrochemical analysis. The copolymers exhibited higher solubility than pure poly(DBF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyue Luo
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
| | - Yue Wang
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
| | - Tamaki Nakano
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Institute for Catalysis (ICAT), Hokkaido University, N21 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
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AlJasser MI, Altalhab S, Al-Issa A. Custom paper shield to prevent perilesional hyperpigmentation after excimer laser treatment for vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 79:e65-6. [PMID: 29803906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Abstract
To fully leverage the advantages of ionic liquids for many applications, it is necessary to immobilize or encapsulate the fluids within an inert, robust, quasi-solid-state format that does not disrupt their many desirable, inherent features. The formation of ionogels represents a promising approach; however, many earlier approaches suffer from solvent/matrix incompatibility, optical opacity, embrittlement, matrix-limited thermal stability, and/or inadequate ionic liquid loading. We offer a solution to these limitations by demonstrating a straightforward and effective strategy toward flexible and durable ionogels comprising bacterial cellulose supports hosting in excess of 99% ionic liquid by total weight. Termed bacterial cellulose ionogels (BCIGs), these gels are prepared using a facile solvent-exchange process equally amenable to water-miscible and water-immiscible ionic liquids. A suite of characterization tools were used to study the preliminary (thermo)physical and structural properties of BCIGs, including no-deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Our analyses reveal that the weblike structure and high crystallinity of the host bacterial cellulose microfibrils are retained within the BCIG. Notably, not only can BCIGs be tailored in terms of shape, thickness, and choice of ionic liquid, they can also be designed to host virtually any desired active, functional species, including fluorescent probes, nanoparticles (e.g., quantum dots, carbon nanotubes), and gas-capture reagents. In this paper, we also present results for fluorescent designer BCIG chemosensor films responsive to ammonia or hydrogen sulfide vapors on the basis of incorporating selective fluorogenic probes within the ionogels. Additionally, a thermometric BCIG hosting the excimer-forming fluorophore 1,3-bis(1-pyrenyl)propane was devised which exhibited a ratiometric (two-color) fluorescence output that responded precisely to changes in local temperature. The ionogel approach introduced here is simple and has broad generality, offering intriguing potential in (bio)analytical sensing, catalysis, membrane separations, electrochemistry, energy storage devices, and flexible electronics and displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chip J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Durgesh V Wagle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | | | | | - Sheila N Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Gary A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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48
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Abstract
Light-harvesting biomaterials are an attractive target in photovoltaics, photocatalysis, and artificial photosynthesis. Through peptide self-assembly, complex nanostructures can be engineered to study the role of chromophore organization during light absorption and energy transport. To this end, we demonstrate the one-dimensional transport of excitons along naturally occurring, light-harvesting, Zn-protoporphyrin IX chromophores within self-assembled peptide-amphiphile nanofibers. The internal structure of the nanofibers induces packing of the porphyrins into linear chains. We find that this peptide assembly can enable long-range exciton diffusion, yet it also induces the formation of excimers between adjacent molecules, which serve as exciton traps. Electronic coupling between neighboring porphyrin molecules is confirmed by various spectroscopic methods. The exciton diffusion process is then probed through transient photoluminescence and absorption measurements and fit to a model for one-dimensional hopping. Because excimer formation impedes exciton hopping, increasing the interchromophore spacing allows for improved diffusivity, which we control through porphyrin doping levels. We show that diffusion lengths of over 60 nm are possible at low porphyrin doping, representing an order of magnitude improvement over the highest doping fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee A Solomon
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew E Sykes
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yimin A Wu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gary P Wiederrecht
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - H Christopher Fry
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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49
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Vollbrecht J, Blazy S, Dierks P, Peurifoy S, Bock H, Kitzerow H. Electroluminescent and Optoelectronic Properties of OLEDs with Bay-Extended, Distorted Perylene Esters as Emitter Materials. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2024-2032. [PMID: 28488359 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Three esters with a perylene, a unilaterally, and a bilaterally extended perylene core, respectively, were used as emitter materials for organic light-emitting diodes. The electroluminescent properties of these devices were studied. Different spectral shifts were found, which can be attributed to the formation of excited dimers (excimers) in the nanofilms of the emitter materials. Thermal treatment of the unilaterally extended derivative resulted in a red-shift of the electroluminescence owing to the formation of a denser nanofilm. The luminance and efficiency of optoelectronic devices employing the extended perylene esters exceed those of devices using an emitter layer comprised of the perylene ester. Different deposition methods, limitations in the deposition process, and the role of hole-transporting materials are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Vollbrecht
- Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.,Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Simon Blazy
- Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Philipp Dierks
- Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Samuel Peurifoy
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Harald Bock
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Heinz Kitzerow
- Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.,Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
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50
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Abstract
We describe a photoswitchable DNA-based dimeric dye that visibly changes fluorescence from green to blue upon UV irradiation. A novel bis-alkyne-dependent [2+2+2] cycloaddition is proposed as a mechanism for the color change in air. The photoinduced structural switching results in spatial separation of stacked pyrene units, thereby causing selective loss of the excimer emission. We demonstrate and suggest several applications for this novel photoswitch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Min Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dominik K Kölmel
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shenliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eric T Kool
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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