1
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Virgili T, Ganzer L, Squeo BM, Calzolari A, Pasini M. Interplay between Theory and Photophysical Characterization in Symmetric α-Substituted Thienyl BODIPY Molecule. Molecules 2024; 29:2625. [PMID: 38893501 PMCID: PMC11173456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY)-based molecules have emerged as interesting materials for optoelectronic applications due to the possibility to easily fine-tune their photophysical and optical properties, dominated by two main absorption bands in the visible range. However, no studies have been reported on the nature of these spectral features. By means of ultrafast spectroscopy, we detect intramolecular energy transfer in a spin-coated film of di-thieno-phenyl BODIPY (DTPBDP) dispersed in a polystyrene matrix after pumping the high-energy absorption band. The same effect is not present upon pumping the lowest-energy band, which instead allows the achievement of efficient amplified spontaneous emission. Density functional calculations indicate the different nature of the two main absorption bands, explaining their different photophysical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tersilla Virgili
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologia—CNR, IFN—Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Lucia Ganzer
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologia—CNR, IFN—Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Benedetta Maria Squeo
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—SCITEC—CNR, via Corti, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - Arrigo Calzolari
- Istituto Nanoscienze—NANO—CNR, via Campi 213A, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Mariacecilia Pasini
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—SCITEC—CNR, via Corti, 20132 Milano, Italy;
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2
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Ishtiaq M, Shaban M, Waqas M, Akram SJ, Mahal A, Alkhouri A, Alshomrany AS, Alatawi NS, Alotaibi HF, Shehzad RA, Assem EE, Zghab I, Khera RA. Structural modification of A-C-A configured X-PCIC acceptor molecule for efficient photovoltaic properties with low energy loss in organic solar cells. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 129:108722. [PMID: 38377792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Modification of terminal acceptors of non-fullerene organic solar cell molecule with different terminal acceptors can help in screening of molecules to develop organic photovoltaic cells with improved performance. Thus, in this work, seven new molecules with an unfused core have been designed and thoroughly investigated. DFT/TD-DFT simulations were performed on studied molecules to explore the ground and excited state characteristics. UV-Visible analysis revealed the red shift in the absorption spectrum (reaching 781 nm) owing to their smaller energy gap up to 1.94 eV. Furthermore, transition density matrix analysis demonstrated that peripheral acceptors extract the electron density from the core effectively. The effectiveness of our investigated molecules as materials for high-performing organic photovoltaic cells has been shown by an examination of their electron and hole mobilities for fast charge transfer. When combined with PTB7-Th, all molecules displayed high open circuit voltage. XP5 molecule exhibited highest open circuit voltage (1.70 eV) and lowest energy loss of 0.30 eV. All designed molecules exhibit the improved aforementioned parameters, which shows that these molecules can be used to develop competent solar devices in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ishtiaq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Shaban
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Javaid Akram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Mahal
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, College of Health Technology, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Anas Alkhouri
- College of Pharmacy, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ali S Alshomrany
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Taif HWY, Mecca, 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naifa S Alatawi
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadil Faris Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint AbdulRahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rao Aqil Shehzad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - E E Assem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imen Zghab
- Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan, 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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3
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Nowak-Król A, Geppert PT, Naveen KR. Boron-containing helicenes as new generation of chiral materials: opportunities and challenges of leaving the flatland. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7408-7440. [PMID: 38784742 PMCID: PMC11110153 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased interest in chiral functional dyes has stimulated activity in the field of boron-containing helicenes over the past few years. Despite the fact that the introduction of boron endows π-conjugated scaffolds with attractive electronic and optical properties, boron helicenes have long remained underdeveloped compared to other helicenes containing main group elements. The main reason was the lack of reliable synthetic protocols to access these scaffolds. The construction of boron helicenes proceeds against steric strain, and thus the methods developed for planar systems have sometimes proven ineffective in their synthesis. Recent advances in the general boron chemistry and the synthesis of strained derivatives have opened the way to a wide variety of boron-containing helicenes. Although the number of helically chiral derivatives is still limited, these compounds are currently at the forefront of emissive materials for circularly-polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs). Yet the design of good emitters is not a trivial task. In this perspective, we discuss a number of requirements that must be met to provide an excellent emissive material. These include chemical and configurational stability, emission quantum yields, luminescence dissymmetry factors, and color purity. Understanding of these parameters and some structure-property relationships should aid in the rational design of superior boron helicenes. We also present the main achievements in their synthesis and point out niches in this area, e.g. stereoselective synthesis, necessary to accelerate the development of this fascinating class of compounds and to realize their potential in OLED devices and in other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nowak-Król
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Patrick T Geppert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kenkera Rayappa Naveen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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4
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Emilio de la Cerda-Pedro J, Hernández-Ortiz OJ, Vázquez-García RA, García-Báez EV, Gómez-Aguilar R, Espinosa-Roa A, Farfán N, Padilla-Martínez II. Highly crystalline and fluorescent BODIPY-labelled phenyl-triazole-coumarins as n-type semiconducting materials for OFET devices. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23517. [PMID: 38332883 PMCID: PMC10851223 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of BODIPY-phenyl-triazole labelled coumarins (BPhTCs) using a two-step approach is described. The influence of the BODIPY appending on the photophysical, electrochemical and thermal properties of the phenyl-triazole-coumarin precursors (PhTCs) was investigated. Band gap energies were measured by absorption spectroscopy (2.20 ± 0.02 eV in the solid and 2.35 ± 0.01 eV in solution) and cyclic voltammetry (2.10 ± 0.05 eV). The results are supported by DFT calculations confirming the presence of lowest LUMO levels that facilitate the electron injection and stabilize the electron transport. Their charge-transport parameters were measured in Organic Field-Effect Transistor (OFET) devices. BPhTCs showed an ambipolar transistor behavior with good n-type charge mobilities (10-2 cm2V-1s-1) allowing these derivatives to be employed as promising semiconducting crystalline and fluorescent materials with good thermal and air stability up to 250 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Emilio de la Cerda-Pedro
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Oscar Javier Hernández-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Col. Carboneras 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Rosa Angeles Vázquez-García
- Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Col. Carboneras 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Efrén V. García-Báez
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ramón Gómez-Aguilar
- Unidad Profesional en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. I.P.N No. 2580 Col. La Laguna Ticomán, Gustavo A. Madero 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Arián Espinosa-Roa
- CONAHCYT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada Unidad Monterrey, Sur 204 Parque de Innovación e Investigación Tecnológica, Km. 10 autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, 66628, Apodaca, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar, Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Itzia I. Padilla-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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5
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Das S, Dey S, Patra S, Bera A, Ghosh T, Prasad B, Sayala KD, Maji K, Bedi A, Debnath S. BODIPY-Based Molecules for Biomedical Applications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1723. [PMID: 38136594 PMCID: PMC10741882 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BODIPY (4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene) derivatives have attracted attention as probes in applications like imaging and sensing due to their unique properties like (1) strong absorption and emission in the visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, (2) strong fluorescence and (3) supreme photostability. They have also been employed in areas like photodynamic therapy. Over the last decade, BODIPY-based molecules have even emerged as candidates for cancer treatments. Cancer remains a significant health issue world-wide, necessitating a continuing search for novel therapeutic options. BODIPY is a flexible fluorophore with distinct photophysical characteristics and is a fascinating drug development platform. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent breakthroughs in BODIPY-based small molecules for cancer or disease detection and therapy, including their functional potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarasija Das
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Sudipto Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India;
| | - Sanujit Patra
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia 741249, India; (S.P.); (A.B.); (T.G.)
| | - Arindam Bera
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia 741249, India; (S.P.); (A.B.); (T.G.)
| | - Totan Ghosh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia 741249, India; (S.P.); (A.B.); (T.G.)
| | - Bibin Prasad
- Solenic Medical, Inc., 4275 Kellway Circle, Suite 146, Addison, TX 75001, USA;
| | - Kapil Dev Sayala
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75206, USA;
| | - Krishnendu Maji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia 741249, India; (S.P.); (A.B.); (T.G.)
| | - Anjan Bedi
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sashi Debnath
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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6
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Yu C, Sun Y, Wu Q, Shi Y, Jiao L, Wang J, Guo X, Li J, Li J, Hao E. Synthesis, Properties, and Semiconducting Characteristics of Bisbenzothieno[ b]-Fused BODIPYs. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14368-14376. [PMID: 37792439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel family of bisbenzothieno[b]-fused BODIPYs containing seven fused aromatic rings has been developed from readily available benzothieo[3,2-b]pyrroles through an efficient two-step synthetic route, exhibiting planar skeletons with excellent photostabilities, deep-red absorptions, and near-infrared emissions (up to 753 nm). Importantly, the thin-film transistors based on BTB with a meso-dimethylamino-phenyl group exhibit unipolar n-type charge transporting characteristics with a high electron mobility of 0.013 cm2 V-1 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
- Postdoctoral Research Center of Suntex TEXTILE Technology Co, Ltd., Wuhu, Anhui 241200, China
| | - Yingzhu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- College of Food & Biological Engineering, Yantai Institute of Technology, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiazhu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
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7
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Ilhan H, Cakmak Y. Functionalization of BODIPY Dyes with Additional C-N Double Bonds and Their Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:28. [PMID: 37676540 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BODIPY (4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene) dyes are regarded as highly useful compounds due to their rich photophysical properties, stability, and ease of functionalization. In recent years, hot topics studied with this class of compounds are targeted photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, fluorescent bioimaging agents, structural modification of the BODIPY core, synthesis of BODIPY analogs, and BODIPY-based supramolecular constructs. This review covers the advances in BODIPY structures substituted with additional carbon-nitrogen double bonds, namely imines, hydrazones, oximes, and related derivatives for various applications. Works based on fluorescent indicators of anions, cations, and neutral molecules are included in this review. In addition, the use of such structures for pharmaceutical applications, photodynamic therapy, fluorescent switches, and fluorescent building blocks are also investigated. In addition to covering the major literature within the mentioned subclass, design principles, working mechanisms, and outlooks are also provided to enlighten forthcoming promising efforts. With this work, we aim to provide insights about the synthesis, photophysical properties, contribution of C=N bonds to a class of dye, and possible areas of use and stimulate researchers to present new ideas and overcome the current problems using these derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huriye Ilhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Konya Food and Agriculture University, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Cakmak
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and BITAM-Science and Technology Research and Application Center, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090, Konya, Turkey.
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8
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Rajagopalan R, Shankar S S, Balasubramaniyan N, Sharma GD. Simple and Efficient Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor-Type Non-fullerene Acceptors for a BODIPY-Thiophene-Backboned Polymer Donor for High-Performance Indoor Photovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:13405-13414. [PMID: 36857615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, simple acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type small molecules denoted as DICTF and DRCTF with modification in terminal units were synthesized and used as electron acceptors. With the tuning of the electron-withdrawing units in electron acceptors, their photovoltaic properties were investigated when combined with low-band-gap BODIPY-thiophene-backboned donor material, named P(BdP-HT). The P(BdP-HT):DICTF-based organic solar cells (OSCs) displayed excellent efficiency of around 11.94%, which is superior to the P(BdP-HT):DRCTF counterpart (8.78%). Although the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of the P(BdP-HT):DRCTF-based OSC is greater than that for the P(BdP-HT):DICTF counterpart, the rise in the short-circuit current density (JSC) may be attributed to the fact that the P(BdP-HT):DICTF blend displayed impressive panchromatic absorption compared to P(BdP-HT):DRCTF. The improved fill factor (FF) is responsible for the balanced transport of charges in the P(BdP-HT):DICTF-based device. Moreover, the P(BdP-HT):DRCTF- and P(BdP-HT):DICTF-based OSCs showed 17.68 and 21.84%, respectively, under indoor illumination (1000 lx). To the best of our observation, this might be the first report on BODIPY-based donors with power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.84% under indoor illumination conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Rajagopalan
- Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Shyam Shankar S
- Department of Physics, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jamdoli, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302031, India
| | - Natarajan Balasubramaniyan
- Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Ganesh D Sharma
- Department of Physics, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jamdoli, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302031, India
- Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jamdoli, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302031, India
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9
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Shivran N, Koiry SP, Kushwah N, Chauhan AK, Aswal DK, Chattopadhyay S, Mula S. Effect of Alkyl Chain Length on Current‐Voltage Characteristics of BODIPY Molecules Deposited on Si(n
++
) Substrates. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Shivran
- Bio-Organic Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre 400085 Mumbai India
| | - Shankar P. Koiry
- Technical Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre 400085 Mumbai India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushakti Nagar 400094 Mumbai India
| | - Nisha Kushwah
- Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre 400085 Mumbai India
| | - Anil K. Chauhan
- Technical Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre 400085 Mumbai India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushakti Nagar 400094 Mumbai India
| | - Dinesh K. Aswal
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushakti Nagar 400094 Mumbai India
- Health, Safety and Environment Group Bhabha Atomic Research Centre 400085 Mumbai India
| | | | - Soumyaditya Mula
- Bio-Organic Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre 400085 Mumbai India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushakti Nagar 400094 Mumbai India
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10
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Cappello D, Buguis FL, Gilroy JB. Tuning the Properties of Donor-Acceptor and Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Boron Difluoride Hydrazones via Extended π-Conjugation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32727-32739. [PMID: 36120012 PMCID: PMC9476501 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular materials with π-conjugated donor-acceptor (D-A) and acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) electronic structures have received significant attention due to their usage in organic photovoltaic materials, in organic light-emitting diodes, and as biological imaging agents. Boron-containing molecular materials have been explored as electron-accepting units in compounds with D-A and A-D-A properties as they often exhibit unique and tunable optoelectronic and redox properties. Here, we utilize Stille cross-coupling chemistry to prepare a series of compounds with boron difluoride hydrazones (BODIHYs) as acceptors and benzene, thiophene, or 9,9-dihexylfluorene as donors. BODIHYs with D-A and A-D-A properties exhibited multiple reversible redox waves, solid-state emission with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 10%, and aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Optical band gaps (or highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gaps) determined for these compounds (2.02-2.25 eV) agree well with those determined from cyclic voltammetry experiments (2.05-2.42 eV). The optoelectronic properties described herein are rationalized with density functional theory calculations that support the interpretation of the experimental findings. This work provides a foundation of understanding that will allow for the consideration of D-A and A-D-A BODIHYs to be incorporated into applications (e.g., organic electronics) where fine-tuning of band gaps is required.
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11
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Da Lama A, Bartolomei B, Rosso C, Filippini G, Martínez MM, Sarandeses LA, Prato M. New Insights into the Exploitation of BODIPY Derivatives as Organic Photocatalysts. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Da Lama
- Universidade da Coruna Departamento de Química SPAIN
| | - Beatrice Bartolomei
- University of Trieste: Universita degli Studi di Trieste Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche ITALY
| | - Cristian Rosso
- University of Trieste: Universita degli Studi di Trieste Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche ITALY
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- University of Trieste: Universita degli Studi di Trieste Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche ITALY
| | | | | | - Maurizio Prato
- Università di Trieste Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche Piazzale Europa 1 34127 Trieste ITALY
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12
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Hu W, Zhang R, Zhang XF, Liu J, Luo L. Halogenated BODIPY photosensitizers: Photophysical processes for generation of excited triplet state, excited singlet state and singlet oxygen. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 272:120965. [PMID: 35131619 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We have systematically examined the formation of singlet oxygen O2(1Δg), the excited triplet state (T1), and excited singlet state (S1) for halogenated BODIPY photosensitizers (halogen = Cl, Br, and I) in eight solvents to understand how halogen atoms and solvent affect these properties. The phosphorescence spectra and lifetimes of singlet oxygen generated by these halogenated BODIPYs have been measured by steady state/time resolved NIR emission, while the formation quantum yield of singlet oxygen (ΦΔ) has been determined by chemical method using diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) as the trapping agent. The formation quantum yield ΦΔ of singlet oxygen can be as high as 0.96 for iodinated BODIPY and 0.71 for brominated BODIPY. The triplet state T1 absorption spectra of brominated and iodinated BODIPYs have been recorded by laser flash photolysis method, in which T1 shows high formation efficiency and long lifetime. The formation and decay of excited singlet state S1 of four BODIPYs have been measured by ground state (S0) absorption and steady state/time resolved fluorescence. The results show that larger halogen atoms on BODIPY core lead to smaller fluorescence quantum yield, shorter fluorescence lifetime and higher singlet oxygen formation quantum yield due to heavy atom effect that promotes the formation of triplet state. On the other hand, higher solvent polarity causes lower singlet oxygen formation quantum yield, smaller fluorescence quantum yield, and shorter fluorescence lifetime. This solvent effect is explained by the presence of photoinduced charge transfer (ICT) process from halogen atoms to BODIPY. The ICT efficiency has been estimated and the results are agreed with ICT theory. ICT process in halogenated BODIPYs has never been revealed in literature. HOMO/LUMO obtained from DFT calculation also supports the presence of ICT. The involvement of ICT in the photosensitizing process of halogenated BODIPYs provides new insights for designing BODIPY photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066004, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066004, China
| | - Xian-Fu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, China.
| | - Jiatian Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066004, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province 066004, China
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Uvarov DY, Gorbatov SA, Kolokolova MK, Kozlov MA, Kolotirkina NG, Zavarzin IV, Goze C, Denat F, Volkova YA. A Straightforward Strategy for the Preparation of Diverse BODIPY Functionalized with Polyamines and Polyoxyethylenes**. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Y. Uvarov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp. Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Gorbatov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp. Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Marya K. Kolokolova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp. Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Kozlov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp. Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Natalya G. Kolotirkina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp. Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Igor V. Zavarzin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp. Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Christine Goze
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Franck Denat
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Yulia A. Volkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky prosp. Moscow 119991, Russia
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14
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Song X, Xu Y, Tao X, Gao X, Wu Y, Yu R, He Y, Tao Y. BODIPY Cored A-D-A'-D-A Type Nonfused-Ring Electron Acceptor for Efficient Polymer Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100828. [PMID: 35032076 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) is for the first time employed as electron-deficient core (A') to construct an A-D-A'-D-A type nonfused-ring electron acceptor (NFREA) for polymer solar cells (PSCs). Among, cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) and fluorinated dicyanoindanone (DFIC) are involved as electron-donating (D) bridges and terminal A groups, respectively. Bearing with the steric BODIPY core, tMBCIC exhibits twisted configuration with dihedral angles >45o between BODIPY and CPDT bridges. Thus, compared with the BODIPY-free planar A-D-D-A structured bCIC, reduced aggregation, weakened intramolecular D-A interactions with up-shifted LUMO by 0.4 eV as well as blue-shifted absorption by up to 150 nm is observed in tMBCIC. Moreover, owing to the intrinsic large molar extinction coefficient from BODIPY, promoted light-harvest ability is achieved for tMBCIC, particularly in its blend films. Therefore, PSCs by using PBDB-T as donor, tMBCIC as NFREA afford superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.22% and higher open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of 0.954 V compared to 4.47% and 0.739 V from bCIC-devices. Moreover, compared to other BODIPY-flanked electron acceptors (<5%) reported so far, BODIPY-cored tMBCIC realizes a remarkable progress in PCE. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Song
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xianwang Tao
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xuyu Gao
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yijing Wu
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Ruitao Yu
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yinming He
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Youtian Tao
- Key Lab for Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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15
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Park S, Ryu S, Ho D, Chae W, Earmme T, Kim C, Seo S. Novel benzo[ b]thieno[2,3- d]thiophene derivatives with an additional alkyl-thiophene core: synthesis, characterization, and p-type thin film transistor performance. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01635d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Newly synthesized benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophene derivatives were employed as active layers of organic field effect transistors, and these transistors showed decent electrical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Soomin Ryu
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Dongil Ho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Wookil Chae
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeshik Earmme
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - SungYong Seo
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
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16
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Development of Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (DTT) Derivatives as Solution-Processable Small Molecular Semiconductors for Organic Thin Film Transistors. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel solution-processable dithieno[3,2-d:2′,3′-d]thiophene (DTT) derivatives with alkylated thiophene or alkyl chain substituents, 2,6-bis(5-octylthiophen-2-yl)dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (compound 1), 2,6-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (compound 2), and 2,6-dioctyldithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (compound 3), have been synthesized and employed as small molecular organic semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). All compounds exhibited good thermal stability over 290 °C, while different side groups of DTT compounds afforded different melting temperatures. The molecular orbital energy levels were experimentally and theoretically calculated, and their trend was almost the same. The developed compounds were employed as active layers for top-contact/bottom-gate OFETs with average charge carrier mobility as high as 0.10 cm2/Vs and current on/off ratio > 107 in ambient atmosphere. Notably, DTT derivative with linear alkyl chain (-octyl) substituents showed the best device performance. High device performance could be attributed to the large grains and continuous surface coverages as well as high film texture of the corresponding semiconductor films.
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17
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Langlois A, St Onge PBJ, Karsenti PL, Younus A, Rondeau-Gagné S. Modulating the Photophysical Properties and Electron Transfer Rates in Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Coordination Polymers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:9579-9587. [PMID: 34402620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly through noncovalent interactions is a particularly efficient approach to fine-tune the optoelectronic and photophysical properties of electroactive materials. In metal-ligand coordination polymers, the final properties of the assemblies are directly related to the nature of the metal-ligand interaction. To probe for such influence on the photophysical properties of electroactive materials, a series of coordination polymers based on a well-known organic dye, diketopyrrolopyrrole, was prepared through coordination of a terpyridine-containing monomer with various metal sources, including iron, cobalt, zinc, and manganese. The resulting supramolecular polymers were characterized through multiple techniques, including UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, time-correlated single-photon counting, and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to reveal the impact of the metal source on the final photophysical properties of coordination polymers. As expected, important variations were found between different coordination polymers in terms of absorption, fluorescence kinetics, and electron transfer rate. While iron and cobalt-containing polymers showed ultrafast electrons transfer rates, assemblies from manganese were shown to be much less efficient, confirming the importance of metal centers. This detailed fundamental study unravels some important relationships between metal-ligand interactions, supramolecular self-assembly, and photophysical properties, ultimately leading to new avenues for the design of functional polymers based on organic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Langlois
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - P Blake J St Onge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | | | - Aneeta Younus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Simon Rondeau-Gagné
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe), University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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18
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The TDDFT Excitation Energies of the BODIPYs; The DFT and TDDFT Challenge Continues. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061780. [PMID: 33810021 PMCID: PMC8005089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The derivatives of 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) are pivotal ingredients for a large number of functional, stimuli-responsive materials and therapeutic molecules based on their photophysical properties, and there is a urgent need to understand and predict their optical traits prior to investing a large amount of resources in preparing them. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) computations were performed to calculate the excitation energies of the lowest-energy singlet excited state of a large series of common BODIPY derivatives employing various functional aiming at the best possible combination providing the least deviations from the experimental values. Using the common "fudge" correction, a series of combinations was investigated, and a methodology is proposed offering equal or better performances than what is reported in the literature.
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19
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De Bonfils P, Péault L, Nun P, Coeffard V. State of the Art of Bodipy‐Based Photocatalysts in Organic Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul De Bonfils
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230 Université de Nantes 44000 Nantes France
| | - Louis Péault
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230 Université de Nantes 44000 Nantes France
| | - Pierrick Nun
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230 Université de Nantes 44000 Nantes France
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20
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Flores JR, Castruita-De León G, Turlakov G, Arias E, Moggio I, Montemayor SM, Torres R, Ledezma R, Ziolo RF, González-Torres J. Dual Emission of meso-Phenyleneethynylene-BODIPY Oligomers: Synthesis, Photophysics, and Theoretical Optoelectronic Study. Chemistry 2021; 27:2493-2505. [PMID: 33119951 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two series of 2,5-di(butoxy)phenyleneethynylenes, one halogenated (nPEC4-X; n=2, 3, or 4) and the other boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) terminated (nPEC4-By; n=3, 4, or 5; By=BODIPY), were synthesized monodirectionally by the step-by-step approach and the molecular structure was corroborated by NMR spectroscopy (1 H, 13 C-DEPTQ-135, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, 11 B, 19 F) and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The multiplicity and J-coupling constants of 1 H, 11 B, and 19 F/11 B NMR signals revealed, in the nPEC4-By series, that the phenyl in the meso position of BODIPY becomes electronically part of the conjugation of the phenyleneethynylene chain, whereas BODIPY is electronically isolated. The photophysical, electrochemical, and theoretical studies confirm this finding because the properties of nPEC4-By are comparable to those of the nPEC4-X oligomers and BODIPY, indicating negligible electron communication between BODIPY and the nPEC4 moieties. Nevertheless, energy transfer (ET) from nPEC4 to BODIPY was rationalized by spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Its yield decreases with the nPEC4 conjugation length, according to the increase in distance between the two chromophores, resulting in dual emission for the longest oligomer in which ET is quenched.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Reyes Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Griselda Castruita-De León
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Gleb Turlakov
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Arias
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Ivana Moggio
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Sagrario M Montemayor
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Román Torres
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Raquel Ledezma
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Ronald F Ziolo
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Julio González-Torres
- Área de Física Atómica Molecular Aplicada (FAMA), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco CBI, Av. San Pablo 180, Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, CD de México, C.P., 02200, Mexico
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21
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Squeo BM, Ganzer L, Virgili T, Pasini M. BODIPY-Based Molecules, a Platform for Photonic and Solar Cells. Molecules 2020; 26:E153. [PMID: 33396319 PMCID: PMC7794854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY)-based molecules have emerged as interesting material for optoelectronic applications. The facile structural modification of BODIPY core provides an opportunity to fine-tune its photophysical and optoelectronic properties thanks to the presence of eight reactive sites which allows for the developing of a large number of functionalized derivatives for various applications. This review will focus on BODIPY application as solid-state active material in solar cells and in photonic devices. It has been divided into two sections dedicated to the two different applications. This review provides a concise and precise description of the experimental results, their interpretation as well as the conclusions that can be drawn. The main current research outcomes are summarized to guide the readers towards the full exploitation of the use of this material in optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Maria Squeo
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Lucia Ganzer
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - Tersilla Virgili
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - Mariacecilia Pasini
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy;
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22
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Anitha T, Mrinalini M, Vani D, Prasanthkumar S, Rajender Reddy K, Giribabu L. Synthesis and Opto-electronic Properties of BODIPY o-OPhos Systems. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:1182-1190. [PMID: 32621763 DOI: 10.1111/php.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the versatile synthetic strategy and opto-electronic properties for the phosphorylation of BODIPY derivatives 5aa-5ak by substituting with an electron-donating/withdrawing group at the ortho position. Nevertheless, this new methodology relatively promotes the tolerance of the aldehyde moiety and the high yield for the synthesis of BODIPY o-OPhos derivatives. The photophysical studies suggest improved optical properties due to the inductive effect of various electron-donating/withdrawing groups. The UV-visible and the emission data suggest that BODIPY o-OPhos derivatives emphasize the property of the excited states with an increase in fluorescence intensity and high quantum yields due to the presence of bulky phospsho-triester at the meso- position which hinders the free rotation around the C-Ar bond and facilitates the development of OLEDs and various organophosphorus warfare agents. Electrochemical studies reveal 5ak depicts the ease of redox activity amongst the 5aa-5ak derivatives. The density functional theory indicates the highest occupied molecular orbital on the BODIPY moiety whereas the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital delocalized on BODIPY and the phospho-triester moieties. Thus, the unique development of the novel BODIPY derivatives with improved optical and redox properties pave the way for fluorescent probes and bioimaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thipanni Anitha
- Catalysis & Fine Chemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi, India
| | - Madoori Mrinalini
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi, India.,Polymer & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Damera Vani
- Catalysis & Fine Chemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi, India
| | - Seelam Prasanthkumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi, India.,Polymer & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kallu Rajender Reddy
- Catalysis & Fine Chemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi, India.,Polymer & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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23
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Sakura Y, Yumioka F, Funaki T, Ono K. Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Boron β-Ketoiminate Dyes Forming a Linear Donor-π-Acceptor Structure. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1982-1989. [PMID: 32394647 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron complexes are of interest as chromophores for dye sensitizers owing to their light-harvesting and carrier-transporting properties. In this study, compounds containing boron β-ketoiminate (BKI) as a chromophore were synthesized and used as dye sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. The new dyes were orange or red crystals and showed maximum absorptions in the 410-450 nm wavelength region on titanium dioxide substrates. These electrodes exhibited maximum efficiencies of over 80% in incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency spectra, suggesting that the continuous process of light absorption-excitation-electron injection was effectively performed. Open-circuit photovoltages were relatively high owing to the large dipole moments of the BKI dyes with a linear molecular structure. Thus, a maximum power conversion efficiency of 5.3% was successfully observed. Comparison of BKI dyes with boron β-diketonate dyes revealed certain differences in solution stability, spectral properties, and photovoltaic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sakura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Fumina Yumioka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Funaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ono
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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24
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Wanwong S, Sangkhun W, Kumnorkaew P, Wootthikanokkhan J. Improved Performance of Ternary Solar Cells by Using BODIPY Triads. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2723. [PMID: 32549305 PMCID: PMC7344652 DOI: 10.3390/ma13122723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Two boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) triads, namely BODIPY-1 and BODIPY-2, were synthesized and incorporated with poly-3-hexyl thiophene: (6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) P3HT:PCBM. The photovoltaic performance of BODIPY:P3HT:PCBM ternary solar cells was increased, as compared to the control binary solar cells (P3HT:PCBM). The optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of BODIPY-1:P3HT:PCBM was improved from 2.22% to 3.43%. The enhancement of PCE was attributed to cascade charge transfer, an improved external quantum efficiency (EQE) with increased short circuit current (Jsc), and more homogeneous morphology in the ternary blend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sompit Wanwong
- Materials Technology Program, School of Energy, Environment and Materials, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; (W.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Weradesh Sangkhun
- Materials Technology Program, School of Energy, Environment and Materials, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; (W.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Pisist Kumnorkaew
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Jatuphorn Wootthikanokkhan
- Materials Technology Program, School of Energy, Environment and Materials, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; (W.S.); (J.W.)
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Pyridyl-Anchored Type BODIPY Sensitizer-TiO2 Photocatalyst for Enhanced Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized photocatalytic hydrogen production using a boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) organic material having a pyridyl group at the anchor site was investigated. Phenyl, carbazole, and phenothiazine derivatives were introduced into BODIPY dyes, and their photocatalytic activities were examined. Identification was performed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR), mass (MS) spectra, and absorption spectra, and catalyst evaluation was performed by using visible-light irradiation and photocatalytic hydrogen production and photocurrent. These dyes have strong absorption at 600–700 nm, suggesting that they are promising as photosensitizers. When the photocatalytic activity was examined, stable catalytic performance was demonstrated, and the activity of the Pt-TiO2 photocatalyst carrying a dye having a carbazole group was 249 μmol/gcat·h. Photocurrent measurements suggest that dye-sensitized photocatalytic activity is occurring. This result suggests that BODIPY organic materials with pyridyl groups as anchor sites are useful as novel dye-sensitized photocatalysts.
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Wang C, Daddario C, Pejić S, Sauvé G. Synthesis and Properties of Azadipyrromethene‐Based Complexes with Nitrile Substitution. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlai Wang
- Department of Chemistry Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue 44106 Cleveland OH USA
| | - Cassie Daddario
- Department of Chemistry Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue 44106 Cleveland OH USA
| | - Sandra Pejić
- Department of Chemistry Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue 44106 Cleveland OH USA
| | - Geneviève Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue 44106 Cleveland OH USA
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Dolati H, Haufe LC, Denker L, Lorbach A, Grotjahn R, Hörner G, Frank R. Two π-Electrons Make the Difference: From BODIPY to BODIIM Switchable Fluorescent Dyes. Chemistry 2020; 26:1422-1428. [PMID: 31774591 PMCID: PMC7027818 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
(aza-)BODIPY dyes (boron dipyrromethene dyes) are well-established fluorophores due to their large quantum yields, stability, and diversity, which led to promising applications including imaging techniques, sensors, organic (opto)electronic materials, or biomedical applications. Although the control of the optical properties in (aza-)BODIPY dyes by peripheral functional groups is well studied, we herein present a novel approach to modify the 12 π-electron core of the dipyrromethene scaffold. The replacement of two carbon atoms in the β-position of a BODIPY dye by two nitrogen atoms afforded a 14 π-electron system, which was termed BODIIM (boron diimidazolylmethene) in systematic analogy to the BODIPY dyes. Remarkably, the BODIIM dye was obtained with a BH2 -rigidifying entity, which is currently elusive and highly sought after for the BODIPY dye class. DFT-Calculations confirm the [12+2] π-electron relationship between BODIPY and BODIIM and reveal a strong shape correlation between LUMO in the BODIPY and the HOMO of the BODIIM. The modification of the π-system leads to a dramatic shift of the optical properties, of which the fluorescent emission is most noteworthy and occurs at much larger Stokes shift, that is, ≈500 cm-1 in BODIPY versus >4170 cm-1 in BODIIM system in all solvents investigated. Nucleophilic reactivity was found at the meso-carbon atom in the formation of stable borane adducts with a significant shift of the fluorescent emission, and this behavior contrasts the reactivity of conventional BODIPY systems. In addition, the reverse decomplexation of the borane adducts was demonstrated in reactions with a representative N-heterocyclic carbene to retain the strongly fluorescent BODIIM compound, which suggests applications as fully reversible fluorescent switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Dolati
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Lisa C. Haufe
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Lars Denker
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Andreas Lorbach
- Universität KonstanzFachbereich ChemieUniversitätsstrasse 1078464KonstanzGermany
| | - Robin Grotjahn
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie—QuantenchemieTU BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie—QuantenchemieTU BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
- Permanent address: Anorganische Chemie IVUniversität BayreuthUniversitätsstrasse 3095440BayreuthGermany
| | - René Frank
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
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Ozcan E, Ozdemir M, Ho D, Zorlu Y, Ozdemir R, Kim C, Usta H, Cosut B. A Solution-Processable meso-Phenyl-BODIPY-Based n-Channel Semiconductor with Enhanced Fluorescence Emission. Chempluschem 2020; 84:1423-1431. [PMID: 31944046 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The molecular design, synthesis, and characterization of an acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) semiconductor BDY-Ph-2T-Ph-BDY comprising a central phenyl-bithiophene-phenyl π-donor and BODIPY π-acceptor end-units is reported. The semiconductor shows an optical band gap of 2.32 eV with a highly stabilized HOMO/LUMO (-5.74 eV/-3.42 eV). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals D-A dihedral angle of ca. 66° and strong intermolecular "C-H ⋅⋅⋅ π (3.31 Å)" interactions. Reduced π-donor strength, increased D-A dihedral angle, and restricted intramolecular D-A rotations allows for both good fluorescence efficiency (ΦF =0.30) and n-channel OFET transport (μe =0.005 cm2 /V ⋅ s; Ion /Ioff =104 -105 ). This indicates a much improved (6-fold) fluorescence quantum yield compared to the meso-thienyl BODIPY semiconductor BDY-4T-BDY. Photophysical studies reveal important transitions between locally excited (LE) and twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) states in solution and the solid state, which could be controlled by solvent polarity and nano-aggregation. This is the first report of such high emissive characteristics for a BODIPY-based n-channel semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Ozcan
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozdemir
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Dongil Ho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunus Zorlu
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Resul Ozdemir
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Choongik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakan Usta
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Bunyemin Cosut
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Sheng W, Chang F, Wu Q, Hao E, Jiao L, Wang JY, Pei J. Synthesis and Semiconducting Characteristics of the BF2 Complexes of Bisbenzothiophene-Fused Azadipyrromethenes. Org Lett 2019; 22:185-189. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanle Sheng
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
- Department of Chemistry, BengBu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Fei Chang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Peking 100871, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Peking 100871, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Maria Squeo
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariacecilia Pasini
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
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Guo Y, Xia D, Liu B, Wu H, Li C, Tang Z, Xiao C, Li W. Small Band gap Boron Dipyrromethene-Based Conjugated Polymers for All-Polymer Solar Cells: The Effect of Methyl Units. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Baiqiao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Wu
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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Triplet BODIPY and AzaBODIPY Derived Donor‐acceptor Dyads: Competitive Electron Transfer versus Intersystem Crossing upon Photoexcitation. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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