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La Cognata S, Marie C, Guilbaud P, Poggi A, Amendola V. Molecular Hosts for the Sensing and Separation of 99TcO 4. Chemistry 2024:e202401551. [PMID: 38779975 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, European Union member states have hastened energy policy deliberations to address supply and sustainability concerns, placing a significant emphasis on nuclear energy as a means to achieve decarbonization goals. However, despite its significant role in power generation, nuclear energy faces significant challenges linked to fuel reprocessing and waste disposal, that hinder its broader expansion. In this context, the separation of technetium represents a concerning issue. Indeed, technetium's catalytic activity can impede the extraction of uranium, neptunium, and plutonium, affecting waste reprocessing efficiency. Additionally, the stable form of technetium in aerobic conditions, pertechnetate (TcO4 -), poses risks of groundwater contamination due to its mobility and solubility. Hence, sensing and separation of TcO4 - is imperative for both nuclear fuel processing and minimising radioactive contamination in the environment. However, the binding of TcO4 - and its separation from contaminated solutions present challenges due to the acidic (or basic) waste components and the high ionic strength in real matrices. Supramolecular chemists have addressed these issues by designing receptors inspired by molecular recognition principles. This article explores recent advancements and future directions in TcO4 - sensing and separation (using extraction and sorption) with a focus on molecular hosts. Metal-organic receptors will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia La Cognata
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, viale Torquato Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cécile Marie
- CEA, DES, ISEC, DMRC, Univ Montpellier, Bagnols-sur-cèze, 30200, France
| | - Philippe Guilbaud
- CEA, DES, ISEC, DMRC, Univ Montpellier, Bagnols-sur-cèze, 30200, France
| | - Antonio Poggi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, viale Torquato Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valeria Amendola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, viale Torquato Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy
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2
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Luo D, Zhu XW, Zhou XP, Li D. Covalent Post-Synthetic Modification of Metal-Organic Cages: Concepts and Recent Progress. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400020. [PMID: 38293757 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages (MOCs) are supramolecular coordination complexes that have internal cavities for hosting guest molecules and exhibiting various properties. However, the functions of MOCs are limited by the choice of the building blocks. Post-synthetic modification (PSM) is a technique that can introduce new functional groups and replace existing ones on the MOCs without changing their geometry. Among many PSM methods, covalent PSM is a promising approach to modify MOCs with tailored structures and functions. Covalent PSM can be applied to either the internal cavity or the external surface of the MOCs, depending on the functionality expected to be customized. However, there are still some challenges and limitations in the field of covalent PSM of MOCs, such as the balance between the stability of MOCs and the harshness of organic reactions involved in covalent PSMs. This concept article introduces the organic reaction types involved in covalent PSM of MOCs, their new applications after modification, and summarizes and provides an outlook of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Rare Earth Photofunctional Materials Engineering Technology Research Center, School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
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Li RJ, Tarzia A, Posligua V, Jelfs KE, Sanchez N, Marcus A, Baksi A, Clever GH, Fadaei-Tirani F, Severin K. Orientational self-sorting in cuboctahedral Pd cages. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11912-11917. [PMID: 36320919 PMCID: PMC9580501 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03856k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuboctahedral coordination cages of the general formula [Pd12L24]24+ (L = low-symmetry ligand) were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. With 350 696 potential isomers, the structural space of these assemblies is vast. Orientational self-sorting refers to the preferential formation of particular isomers within the pool of potential structures. Geometric and computational analyses predict the preferred formation of cages with a cis arrangement at the metal centers. This prediction was corroborated experimentally by synthesizing a [Pd12L24]24+ cage with a bridging 3-(4-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)pyridine ligand. A crystallographic analysis of this assembly showed exclusive cis coordination of the 3- and the 4-pyridyl donor groups at the Pd2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jin Li
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Victor Posligua
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | | | - Adam Marcus
- Institut of Mathematics, EPFL Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Ananya Baksi
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Universität Dortmund Dortmund 44227 Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Universität Dortmund Dortmund 44227 Germany
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
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Li TT, Liu SN, Wu LH, Cai SL, Zheng SR. Strategies for the Construction of Functional Materials Utilizing Presynthesized Metal-Organic Cages (MOCs). Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200172. [PMID: 35922387 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages (MOCs) that assemble from metal ions or metal clusters and organic ligands have attracted the interest of the scientific community because of their various functional coordination cavities. Unlike metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with infinite frameworks, MOCs have discrete structures, making them soluble and stable in certain solvents and facilitating their application as starting reagents in the further construction of single components or composite materials. In recent years, increasing progress has been made in this field. In this review, we introduce these works from the perspective of design strategies, and focus on how presynthesized MOCs can be used to construct functional materials. Finally, we discuss the challenges and development prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Na Liu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Hua Wu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Song-Liang Cai
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Run Zheng
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.,SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan, Guangdong, 511517, P. R. China
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Wang C, Jiang A, Liu X, Yuen Koh K, Yang Y, Chen JP, Li K. Amorphous metal-organic framework UiO-66-NO2 for removal of oxyanion pollutants: Towards improved performance and effective reusability. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Percástegui EG. Metal-organic cages against toxic chemicals and pollutants. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5055-5071. [PMID: 35383805 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00604a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The continuous release of toxic chemicals and pollutants into the atmosphere and natural waters threatens, directly and indirectly, human health, the sustainability of the planet, and the future of society. Materials capable of capturing or chemically inactivating hazardous substances, which are harmful to humans and the environment, are critical in the modern age. Metal-organic cages (MOCs) show great promise as materials against harmful agents both in solution and in solid state. This Highlight features examples of MOCs that selectively encapsulate, adsorb, or remove from a medium noxious gases, toxic organophosphorus compounds, water pollutant oxoanions, and some emerging organic contaminants. Remarkably, the toxicity of interacting contaminants may be lowered by MOCs as well. Specific cases pertaining to the use of these cages for the chemical degradation of some harmful substances are presented. This Highlight thus aims to provide an overview of the possibilities of MOCs in this area and new methodological insights into their operation for enhancing their activity and the engineering of further remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmundo G Percástegui
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico. .,Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco km 14.5, 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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Li RJ, Pezzato C, Berton C, Severin K. Light-induced assembly and disassembly of polymers with Pd n L 2n -type network junctions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4981-4984. [PMID: 34163745 PMCID: PMC8179541 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00127b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers containing Pd n L2n complexes as network junctions were obtained by reaction of poly(ethylene glycol)-linked N-donor ligands with Pd2+. The addition of a metastable state photoacid renders the networks light sensitive, and gel-sol transitions can be achieved by irradiation with light. The inverse process, a light-induced sol-gel transition, was realized by using a molecularly defined Pd complex as an acid-sensitive reservoir for Pd2+. Upon irradiation, Pd2+ ions are released, allowing the formation of an acid-resistant polymer network. Both the gel-sol and the sol-gel transitions are reversed in the dark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jin Li
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Cristian Pezzato
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Cesare Berton
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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