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Xu J, Xie Y, Yao Q, Lv L, Chu H. Advances in sustainable nano-biochar: precursors, synthesis methods and applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:15009-15032. [PMID: 39041285 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01694g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Nano-biochar, characterized by its environmentally friendly nature and unique nanostructure, offers a promising avenue for sustainable carbon materials. With its small particle size, large specific surface area, abundant functional groups and tunable pore structure, nano-biochar stands out due to its distinct physical and chemical properties compared to conventional biochar. This paper aims to provide an in-depth exploration of nano-biochar, covering its sources, transformation mechanisms, properties, applications, and areas requiring further research. The discussion begins with an overview of biomass sources for nano-biochar production and the conversion processes involved. Subsequently, primary synthesis methods and strategies for functionalization enhancement are examined. Furthermore, the applications of nano-biochar in catalysis, energy storage, and pollutant adsorption and degradation are explored and enhanced in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Xu
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243000, Anhui Province, PR China.
| | - Yiming Xie
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243000, Anhui Province, PR China.
| | - Qingdong Yao
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243000, Anhui Province, PR China.
| | - Li Lv
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Huaqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243000, Anhui Province, PR China.
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2
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Wang L, Yin G, Chang Y, Qiao S. Carbon-rich and low-ash hydrochar formation from sewage sludge by alkali-thermal hydrolysis coupled with acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 177:182-195. [PMID: 38330514 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The production of carbon-rich and low-ash hydrochar from sewage sludge is attracting interest due to its great application prospect in high value-added carbon materials fields, but which is impossible through direct hydrothermal carbonization. In this study, alkali-thermal hydrolysis followed by acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization was thus proposed. Thermal hydrolysis at strong alkaline environment was more effective than acid one to promote the dissolution of organic matters and restrain the release of inorganic matters from sludge, which created a favorable condition for hydrochar formation in a carbon-rich and low-ash way. Alkali-thermal hydrolysis began to show a positive effect on the dissolution of organics in sludge when temperature exceeded the threshold of 90 °C, and an increase of 9.77 % was found at 150 °C when compared to 30 °C. Acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of alkali-thermal hydrolysate (ATH) at pH 1.0 strongly promoted condensation polymerization of dissolved organics to form hydrochar and meanwhile inhibited introduction of dissolved inorganics. The nanosized microparticulate hydrochar derived from ATH-30 had a carbon and ash content of 50.98-61.31 % and 10.76-12.09 %, while the micro-sized microspheric hydrochar with multiple deposition layers formed from ATH-150 showed a better performance in carbon-rich and low-ash aspect where a carbon and ash content of 58.24-70.07 % and 0.40-3.24 % was realized, both of which were obviously superior to the direct hydrochar (carbon 34.86 % and ash 46.11 %). The condensation of dissolved organics during alkali-thermal hydrolysis stage is important to the carbonization degree of hydrochar. This study provides a new perspective in sludge disposal and production of advanced carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Gaotian Yin
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuzhi Chang
- Environmental Monitoring Center, Jining Ecology and Environment Sub-bureau, Ulanqab 012000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shiliang Qiao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
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3
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Bachs-Herrera A, York D, Stephens-Jones T, Mabbett I, Yeo J, Martin-Martinez FJ. Biomass carbon mining to develop nature-inspired materials for a circular economy. iScience 2023; 26:106549. [PMID: 37123246 PMCID: PMC10130920 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A transition from a linear to a circular economy is the only alternative to reduce current pressures in natural resources. Our society must redefine our material sources, rethink our supply chains, improve our waste management, and redesign materials and products. Valorizing extensively available biomass wastes, as new carbon mines, and developing biobased materials that mimic nature's efficiency and wasteless procedures are the most promising avenues to achieve technical solutions for the global challenges ahead. Advances in materials processing, and characterization, as well as the rise of artificial intelligence, and machine learning, are supporting this transition to a new materials' mining. Location, cultural, and social aspects are also factors to consider. This perspective discusses new alternatives for carbon mining in biomass wastes, the valorization of biomass using available processing techniques, and the implementation of computational modeling, artificial intelligence, and machine learning to accelerate material's development and process engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel York
- Department of Chemistry, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | | | - Ian Mabbett
- Department of Chemistry, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Jingjie Yeo
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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4
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Muttaqien SE, Khoris IM, Pambudi S, Park EY. Nanosphere Structures Using Various Materials: A Strategy for Signal Amplification for Virus Sensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:160. [PMID: 36616758 PMCID: PMC9824175 DOI: 10.3390/s23010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been explored in the sensing research field in the last decades. Mainly, 3D nanomaterials have played a vital role in advancing biomedical applications, and less attention was given to their application in the field of biosensors for pathogenic virus detection. The versatility and tunability of a wide range of nanomaterials contributed to the development of a rapid, portable biosensor platform. In this review, we discuss 3D nanospheres, one of the classes of nanostructured materials with a homogeneous and dense matrix wherein a guest substance is carried within the matrix or on its surface. This review is segmented based on the type of nanosphere and their elaborative application in various sensing techniques. We emphasize the concept of signal amplification strategies using different nanosphere structures constructed from a polymer, carbon, silica, and metal-organic framework (MOF) for rendering high-level sensitivity of virus detection. We also briefly elaborate on some challenges related to the further development of nanosphere-based biosensors, including the toxicity issue of the used nanomaterial and the commercialization hurdle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia
| | - Indra Memdi Khoris
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Sabar Pambudi
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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5
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Kutalkova E, Plachy T. Semi-conducting microspheres formed from glucose for semi-active electric field-responsive electrorheological systems. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:9037-9044. [PMID: 36409202 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01145j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study glucose particles were successfully transformed to conducting carbonaceous microspheres through sequential hydrothermal and thermal carbonization. The prepared carbonaceous particles were thereafter used as a dispersed phase in a novel electrorheological fluid. Due to significant enhancements of the conductivity and dielectric properties when compared with the glucose precursor, the prepared electrorheological fluid based on carbonaceous microspheres exhibited a yield stress of over 200 Pa at a particle concentration of 5 wt% at an electric field intensity of 3 kV mm-1, and overcomes recently published novel electrorheological fluids and others based on carbonized particles. In order to estimate the exact rheological parameters, the measured data were treated using a mathematical model Cho-Choi-Jhon, and the reproducibility and reversible possibility to control the viscosity of the novel prepared electrorheological fluid were confirmed through time dependence tests at various electric field intensities. Not only did this approach lead to carbonaceous conducting particles with high performance in electrorheology, but the yield after carbonization at 500 °C was also 60%. It was thus confirmed that unique carbonaceous conducting particles were prepared using a sustainable method giving high yields, and can be potentially used in many other applications where such carbonaceous particles are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kutalkova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomas Plachy
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic.
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6
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Latham KG, Kozyatnyk I, Figueira J, Carlborg M, Rosenbaum E, Jansson S. Self-generation of low ash carbon microspheres from the hydrothermal supernatant of anaerobic digestate: Formation insights and supercapacitor performance. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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7
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Leng L, Yang L, Leng S, Zhang W, Zhou Y, Peng H, Li H, Hu Y, Jiang S, Li H. A review on nitrogen transformation in hydrochar during hydrothermal carbonization of biomass containing nitrogen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143679. [PMID: 33307499 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biomass is a type of renewable and sustainable resource that can be used to produce various fuels, chemicals, and materials. Nitrogen (N) in biomass such as microalgae should be reduced if it is used to produce fuels, while the retention of N is favorable if the biomass is processed to yield chemicals or materials with N-containing functional groups. The engineering of the removal and retention of N in hydrochar during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of biomass rich in protein is a research hot spot in the past decade. However, the N transformation during HTC has not yet been fully understood. In order to mediate the migration and transformation of N in hydrochar, the present review overviewed i) the characteristics of hydrochar and the original feedstock, ii) the possible N transformation behavior and mechanisms, and iii) the effect of factors such as feedstock and pyrolysis parameters such as temperature on hydrochar N. The high temperature and high protein content promote the dehydration, decarboxylation, and deamination of biomass to produce hydrochar solid fuel with reduced N content, while the Millard and Mannich reactions for lignocellulosic biomass rich in carbohydrate (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) at medium temperatures (e.g., 180-240 °C) significantly promote the enrichment of N in hydrochar. The prediction models can be built based on properties of biomass and the processing parameters for the estimation of the yield and the content of N in hydrochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Leng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Songqi Leng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Weijin Zhang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Haoyi Peng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of the Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yingchao Hu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Shaojian Jiang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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8
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Chagas JAO, Crispim GO, Pinto BP, San Gil RAS, Mota CJA. Synthesis, Characterization, and CO 2 Uptake of Adsorbents Prepared by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chitosan. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:29520-29529. [PMID: 33225183 PMCID: PMC7676339 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan, a heteropolysaccharide obtained from the N-deacetylation of chitin, has stood out as a raw material to produce CO2 adsorbents. In this work, we report the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of chitosan for different times and the potential of the materials for CO2 adsorption. Elemental analysis indicated that the carbon weight content increases, whereas the relative amount of oxygen atoms decreases upon increasing the time of HTC. The relative nitrogen content was almost constant, indicating that HTC did not lead to significant loss of nitrogenated compounds. FTIR and 13C MAS/NMR spectra suggest that the structure of the sorbents becomes more aromatic with the increase of HTC time. The thermal properties of HTC materials were similar to that of chitosan, whereas their basicity was less compared to that of the parent chitosan. SEM images did not show significant porosity, which was confirmed by the BET area of the materials, around 2 m2·g-1, similar to that of the parent chitosan. The materials were tested for CO2 capture at 25 °C and 1 bar; the HTC chitosan adsorbents showed CO2 uptakes about 4-fold higher than that of the parent chitosan. The adsorption process was better described by the Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. O. Chagas
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149,
CT Bl A, Cidade Universitária, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Gustavo O. Crispim
- Escola de Química, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT Bl E, Cidade
Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Bianca P. Pinto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149,
CT Bl A, Cidade Universitária, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
- INCT Energia & Ambiente, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Rosane A. S. San Gil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149,
CT Bl A, Cidade Universitária, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
- Instituto
de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Claudio J. A. Mota
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149,
CT Bl A, Cidade Universitária, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
- Escola de Química, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT Bl E, Cidade
Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil
- INCT Energia & Ambiente, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ 21941-909, Brazil
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9
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Li H, Shi F, An Q, Zhai S, Wang K, Tong Y. Three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon derived from lignin for supercapacitors: Insight into the hydrothermal carbonization and activation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:923-933. [PMID: 33152364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon is prepared by utilizing enzymatic hydrolysis lignin as a carbon source via hydrothermal carbonization and activation. The complicated operational parameters including temperature, time, concentration and pH in the hydrothermal carbonization are systemically investigated. We employed the hydrochar as electrode for supercapacitors. Accordingly, we not only achieve a high-performance specific capacitance for supercapacitors but also rationalize the effects of hydrothermal conditions on the specific capacitance via various characterizations. The activation process of hydrochar is also studied by comparing various activators and the activator/hydrochar ratios. The obtained materials possess a three-dimensional interconnected hierarchical structure with rational pore size distribution and a specific surface area reach up to 1504 m2 g-1. Then the corresponding supercapacitors achieve a large specific capacitance of 324 F g-1 as the current density is 0.5 A g-1. These supercapacitors acquire an outstanding cycling stability with 99.7% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The assembled symmetrical supercapacitors also show a high energy density of 17.9 W h kg-1 and can maintain at 5.6 W h kg-1 even at an ultra-high power density of 50,400 W kg-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Li
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Feiyan Shi
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qingda An
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Shangru Zhai
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yao Tong
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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10
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Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials offer unique opportunities for the assembling of electrochemical aptasensors due to their high electroconductivity, redox activity, compatibility with biochemical receptors and broad possibilities of functionalization and combination with other auxiliary reagents. In this review, the progress in the development of electrochemical aptasensors based on carbon nanomaterials in 2016–2020 is considered with particular emphasis on the role of carbon materials in aptamer immobilization and signal generation. The synthesis and properties of carbon nanotubes, graphene materials, carbon nitride, carbon black particles and fullerene are described and their implementation in the electrochemical biosensors are summarized. Examples of electrochemical aptasensors are classified in accordance with the content of the surface layer and signal measurement mode. In conclusion, the drawbacks and future prospects of carbon nanomaterials’ application in electrochemical aptasensors are briefly discussed.
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11
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The Influence of pH on the Combustion Properties of Bio-Coal Following Hydrothermal Treatment of Swine Manure. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The application of excessive amounts of manure to soil prompted interest in using alternative approaches for treating slurry. One promising technology is hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) which can recover nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen while simultaneously making a solid fuel. Processing manure under acidic conditions can facilitate nutrient recovery; however, very few studies considered the implications of operating at low pH on the combustion properties of the resulting bio-coal. In this work, swine manure was hydrothermally treated at temperatures ranging from 120 to 250 °C in either water alone or reagents including 0.1 M NaOH, 0.1 M H2SO4, and finally 0.1 M organic acid (CH3COOH and HCOOH). The influence of pH on the HTC process and the combustion properties of the resulting bio-coals was assessed. The results indicate that pH has a strong influence on ash chemistry, with decreasing pH resulting in an increased removal of ash. The reduction in mineral matter influences the volatile content of the bio-coal and its energy content. As the ash content in the final bio-coal reduces, the energy density increases. Treatment at 250 °C results in a more “coal like” bio-coal with fuel properties similar to that of lignite coal and a higher heating value (HHV) ranging between 21 and 23 MJ/kg depending on pH. Processing at low pH results in favourable ash chemistry in terms of slagging and fouling. Operating at low pH also appears to influence the level of dehydration during HTC. The level of dehydration increases with decreasing pH, although this effect is reduced at higher temperatures. At higher-temperature processing (250 °C), operating at lower pH increases the yield of bio-coal; however, at lower temperatures (below 200 °C), the reverse is true. The lower yields obtained below 200 °C in the presence of acid may be due to acid hydrolysis of carbohydrate in the manure, whereas, at the higher temperatures, it may be due to the acid promoting polymerisation.
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Bosilj M, Rustam L, Thomann R, Melke J, Fischer A, White RJ. Directing nitrogen-doped carbon support chemistry for improved aqueous phase hydrogenation catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00391c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Influencing stability and performance through directing nitrogen-doping in carbon support materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bosilj
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
- 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
| | - Lina Rustam
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
- 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
| | - Ralf Thomann
- Freiburg Material Research Center, FMF
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
| | - Julia Melke
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
- Freiburg Material Research Center, FMF
| | - Anna Fischer
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
- Freiburg Material Research Center, FMF
| | - Robin J. White
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
- 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research
- TNO
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13
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Jeon I, Noh H, Baek J. Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characteristics and Applications. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:2282-2293. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- In‐Yup Jeon
- Department of Chemical EngineeringWonkwang University 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
- Graphene Edge Co. Ltd. 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk‐Jun Noh
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic FrameworksUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong‐Beom Baek
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic FrameworksUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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14
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Xu J, Xia C, Li M, Xiao R. Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbons as Effective Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Synthesized from Cellulose and Polyamide. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast University Nanjing 210096 P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast University Nanjing 210096 P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast University Nanjing 210096 P.R. China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast University Nanjing 210096 P.R. China
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15
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Wüst D, Rodriguez Correa C, Suwelack KU, Köhler H, Kruse A. Hydrothermal carbonization of dry toilet residues as an added-value strategy - Investigation of process parameters. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 234:537-545. [PMID: 30660054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Human faeces from a dry toilet are converted via hydrothermal carbonization to obtain a sterilized carbonaceous material. During this process the original material undergoes consecutively hydrolysis, water elimination and polymerization reactions. Consequently, the oxygen content is reduced, leading to a material with a better dewaterability and an attractive higher heating value (HHV = 22-28 MJ kg-1). The influence of pH-value, set by the addition of citric acid, the reaction time and the reaction temperature are investigated. By thermogravimetric analysis it is shown that especially higher acid concentration as well as higher reaction temperatures and longer reaction times are necessary to fully convert the feedstock into a stable carbon-rich material. As pathogens are destroyed by hydrothermal carbonization, nutrient recovery becomes a relevant aspect. The analysis shows that alkali salts such as sodium and potassium are dissolved in the aqueous phase, but an important proportion of the phosphorus and nitrogen remain in the hydrochar. This finding is the basis for phosphorus recycling or to produce an organic fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wüst
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Catalina Rodriguez Correa
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kay Uwe Suwelack
- Fraunhofer Institute for Technological Trend Analysis INT, Euskirchen, Germany
| | - Hermann Köhler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrea Kruse
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, Stuttgart, Germany
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16
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Li Y, Liu H, Xiao K, Liu X, Hu H, Li X, Yao H. Correlations between the physicochemical properties of hydrochar and specific components of waste lettuce: Influence of moisture, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 272:482-488. [PMID: 30390541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to figure out the influence of moisture content and chemical constitution, i.e. carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, of waste lettuce on the physicochemical structure of hydrochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization. The experimental results showed that homogenized carbon material can be obtained by hydrothermal treatment, regardless of the moisture content of feedstock. During the hydrothermal carbonization process of waste lettuce, carbohydrates were the most active reactants contributing to hydrochar formation. Meanwhile, Maillard reaction between proteins and carbohydrates occurred, which promoted the aromatization of the organic intermediates and increased the relative content of nitrogenous heterocyclic functional groups on the surface of hydrochar from 10.7 to 18.7%. Different from these two constitution, lipids did not participate in the carbonization reaction, the main hydrolyzates of lipids were adsorbed to the surface of hydrochar, leading to an increase in the mass of solid products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Kangxin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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17
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Wu ZY, Liang HW, Hu BC, Yu SH. Emerging Carbon-Nanofiber Aerogels: Chemosynthesis versus Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15646-15662. [PMID: 29770605 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbon aerogels that are typically prepared using sol-gel chemistry have unique three dimensional networks of interconnected nanometer-sized particles and thus exhibit many fascinating physical properties and great application potentials in widespread fields. To boost the practical applications, it is necessary to develop efficient and low-cost methods to produce high-performance carbon aerogels on a large-scale, preferably in a sustainable way. In 2012, two new classes of aerogels consisting of carbon-nanofiber (CNF) networks were prepared from biomass-derived precursors by chemosynthesis (i.e. template-directed hydrothermal carbonization of carbohydrate) and biosynthesis (i.e. use of bacterial cellulose as precursor), respectively. This Review gives a critical overview of this emerging and rapidly developing field, focusing on the synthetic strategies of the carbon-nanofiber aerogels and their outstanding physical properties. We also discuss the multifunctional application potentials of the two sorts of carbon aerogels and their nanocomposites, and highlight the challenges and future opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Wu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hai-Wei Liang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Hu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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18
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Wu ZY, Liang HW, Hu BC, Yu SH. Kohlenstoffnanofaser-Aerogele: Vergleich von Chemosynthese und Biosynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Wu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale; CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Hai-Wei Liang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale; CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Bi-Cheng Hu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale; CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale; CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Centre of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
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19
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Straten JW, Schleker P, Krasowska M, Veroutis E, Granwehr J, Auer AA, Hetaba W, Becker S, Schlögl R, Heumann S. Nitrogen-Functionalized Hydrothermal Carbon Materials by Using Urotropine as the Nitrogen Precursor. Chemistry 2018; 24:12298-12317. [PMID: 29575186 PMCID: PMC6120519 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing hydrothermal carbon (N-HTC) materials of spherical particle morphology were prepared by means of hydrothermal synthesis with glucose and urotropine as precursors. The molar ratio of glucose to urotropine has been varied to achieve a continuous increase in nitrogen content. By raising the ratio of urotropine to glucose, a maximal nitrogen fraction of about 19 wt % could be obtained. Decomposition products of both glucose and urotropine react with each other; this opens up a variety of possible reaction pathways. The pH has a pronounced effect on the reaction pathway of the corresponding reaction steps. For the first time, a comprehensive analytical investigation, comprising a multitude of analytical tools and instruments, of a series of nitrogen-containing HTC materials was applied. Functional groups and structural motifs identified were analyzed by means of FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric MS, and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Information on reaction mechanisms and structural details were obtained by electronic structure calculations that were compared with vibrational spectra of polyfuran or polypyrrole-like groups, which represent structural motifs occurring in the present samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Willem Straten
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Philipp Schleker
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IEK-9Wilhelm-Johnen Straße52425JülichGermany
| | - Małgorzata Krasowska
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | | | - Josef Granwehr
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IEK-9Wilhelm-Johnen Straße52425JülichGermany
| | - Alexander A. Auer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Walid Hetaba
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Sylvia Becker
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Saskia Heumann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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20
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Yang J, Wang Y, Luo J, Chen L. Facile Preparation of Self-Standing Hierarchical Porous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Fibers for Supercapacitors from Plant Protein-Lignin Electrospun Fibers. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:4647-4656. [PMID: 31458685 PMCID: PMC6641454 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to develop self-standing nitrogen-doped carbon fiber networks from plant protein-lignin electrospun fibrous mats for supercapacitors. The challenge in preparing carbon fiber from protein is to maintain a fibrous structure during carbonization process. Thus, lignin was incorporated with protein. At protein-to-lignin ratio of 50:50 to 20:80, the electrospun fibers maintained their structure after carbonization and formed self-standing carbon fiber mats. Stacked graphene layer structure was developed in the carbon fibers at a relatively low carbonization temperature (<1000 °C) without the use of catalysts, which might be derived from both lignin and protein. Graphene layer structure conferred the carbon fibers with superior conductivity. The optimized carbon fiber networks possessed excellent capacitance performance in 6 M KOH of 410 F/g at 1 A/g and good cyclic stability. Such good electrochemical properties were due to the well-engineered characteristics of the materials, including a hierarchical porous texture, heteroatoms (nitrogen and oxygen), and the stacked graphene layer structure. This research not only has provided a convenient way to develop carbon fibers from plant protein-lignin for N-doped supercapacitor electrodes, but also opportunity to add value to plant proteins and lignin as by-products of agricultural industry processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Yang
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, T6G 2P5 Edmonton, Canada
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department
of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, H9X 3V9 Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jingli Luo
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, T6G 2V4 Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, T6G 2P5 Edmonton, Canada
- E-mail: . Phone: +1-780-492-0038
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21
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A novel hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon derived from bamboo shoot for high performance supercapacitor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7362. [PMID: 28779072 PMCID: PMC5544758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous N-doped carbons hold good prospects for application in supercapacitor due to their low-cost, large surface area, good surface wettability, high electrical conductivity as well as extra pseudocapacitance. However, most synthetic methods required the tedious and multiple-step process with the assistance of hard/soft templates or the massive use of chemical reagents, and exogenous nitrogen sources, which made them difficult to realize industrial production and application. Here, we described a novel hierarchical porous N-doped carbons fabricated by a facile and sustainable approach via hydrothermal treatment and subsequent carbonization process by using renewable bamboo shoots as the starting material without any templates, additional chemical activation and nitrogen source. The obtained bamboo shoot-derived carbons possessed a large BET surface area (up to 972 m2 g−1), hierarchically interconnected porous framework, rich and uniform nitrogen incorporation (3.0 at%). Benefiting from these unique features, the novel carbon-based electrode materials displayed a high capacitance of 412 F g−1 in KOH electrolyte and long cycling life stability. Thus, an advanced electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor was successfully assembled by a simple and scalable synthesis route with abundant renewable resources freely available in nature.
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22
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Cao J, Huang T, Liu R, Xi X, Wu D. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Coated Stainless Steel Meshes for Flexible Supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Croce A, Battistel E, Chiaberge S, Spera S, De Angelis F, Reale S. A Model Study to Unravel the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:171-181. [PMID: 28004532 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes. Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular. The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil. The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular. Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity. Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Croce
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi de L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, Coppito (AQ), Italy
| | - Ezio Battistel
- Centro di Ricerca per la Chimica Verde, eni Versalis, Via Fauser 4, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Stefano Chiaberge
- Renewable Energy and Environmental R&D, Istituto eni Donegani, Via Fauser 4, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Silvia Spera
- Renewable Energy and Environmental R&D, Istituto eni Donegani, Via Fauser 4, 28100, Novara (NO), Italy
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi de L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, Coppito (AQ), Italy
| | - Samantha Reale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi de L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, Coppito (AQ), Italy
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24
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Liu X, Zhang M, Yu D, Li T, Wan M, Zhu H, Du M, Yao J. Functional materials from nature: honeycomb-like carbon nanosheets derived from silk cocoon as excellent electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Li S, Celzard A, Fierro V, Pasc A. Salting Effect in the Hydrothermal Carbonisation of Bioresources. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sijin Li
- SRSMC; UMR CNRS 7565; Université de Lorraine; Bvd des Aiguillettes 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex France
| | - Alain Celzard
- Institut Jean Lamour; UMR 7198; CNRS - Université de Lorraine, ENSTIB; 27 rue Philippe Séguin, CS 60036 88026 Epinal cedex 9 France
| | - Vanessa Fierro
- Institut Jean Lamour; UMR 7198; CNRS - Université de Lorraine, ENSTIB; 27 rue Philippe Séguin, CS 60036 88026 Epinal cedex 9 France
| | - Andreea Pasc
- SRSMC; UMR CNRS 7565; Université de Lorraine; Bvd des Aiguillettes 54506 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex France
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26
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Alatalo SM, Pileidis F, Mäkilä E, Sevilla M, Repo E, Salonen J, Sillanpää M, Titirici MM. Versatile Cellulose-Based Carbon Aerogel for the Removal of Both Cationic and Anionic Metal Contaminants from Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25875-83. [PMID: 26540557 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose in the presence of the globular protein ovalbumin leads to the formation of nitrogen-doped carbon aerogel with a fibrillar continuous carbon network. The protein plays here a double role: (i) a natural source of nitrogen functionalities (2.1 wt %) and (ii) structural directing agent (S(BET) = 38 m(2)/g). The applicability in wastewater treatment, namely, for heavy metal removal, was examined through adsorption of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) ion solely and in a mixed bicomponent aqueous solutions. This cellulose-based carbogel shows an enhanced ability to remove both Cr(VI) (∼68 mg/g) and Pb(II) (∼240 mg/g) from the targeted solutions in comparison to other carbon materials reported in the literature. The presence of competing ions showed little effect on the adsorption efficiency toward Cr(VI) and Pb(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara-Maaria Alatalo
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Filoklis Pileidis
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom
- Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Marta Sevilla
- Instituto Nacional del Carbón (CSIC) , P.O. Box 73, 33080 OVIEDO, Spain
| | - Eveliina Repo
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Jarno Salonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Maria-Magdalena Titirici
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom
- Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom
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27
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28
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Xu W, Mu B, Zhang W, Wang A. Facile hydrothermal synthesis of tubular kapok fiber/MnO2 composites and application in supercapacitors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13602d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kapok fiber/MnO2 (TKF/MnO2) composites with a tubular structure are successfully fabricated via a facile hydrothermal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- China
| | - Bin Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- China
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29
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Li M, Zhao Z, Liu X, Xiong Y, Han C, Zhang Y, Bo X, Guo L. Novel bamboo leaf shaped CuO nanorod@hollow carbon fibers derived from plant biomass for efficient and nonenzymatic glucose detection. Analyst 2015; 140:6412-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00675a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bamboo leaf shaped CuO nanorod@hollow carbon fibers have been simply prepared for nonenzymatic glucose detection with superior detection effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Li
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Yueping Xiong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Ce Han
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangjie Bo
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Liping Guo
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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30
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Bide Y, Nabid MR, Dastar F. Poly(2-aminothiazole) as a unique precursor for nitrogen and sulfur co-doped porous carbon: immobilization of very small gold nanoparticles and its catalytic application. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09272h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of poly(2-aminothiaozle) with a plate structure containing nanoparticles, and the one-step synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped porous carbon materials using P2AT as the source of both N and S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Bide
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Polymer
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nabid
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Polymer
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Fateme Dastar
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Polymer
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
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31
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Zhang P, Qiao ZA, Dai S. Recent advances in carbon nanospheres: synthetic routes and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9246-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01759a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Various strategies to carbon nanospheres together with a brief introduction of applications are presented in this feature article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Zhen-An Qiao
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Sheng Dai
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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32
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Reiche S, Kowalew N, Schlögl R. Influence of Synthesis pH and Oxidative Strength of the Catalyzing Acid on the Morphology and Chemical Structure of Hydrothermal Carbon. Chemphyschem 2014; 16:579-87. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Lu Y, Zhang L, Lin H. The Use of a Microreactor for Rapid Screening of the Reaction Conditions and Investigation of the Photoluminescence Mechanism of Carbon Dots. Chemistry 2014; 20:4246-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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White RJ, Brun N, Budarin VL, Clark JH, Titirici MM. Always look on the "light" side of life: sustainable carbon aerogels. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:670-689. [PMID: 24420578 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of carbon aerogels based on the conversion of inexpensive and abundant precursors using environmentally friendly processes is a highly attractive subject in materials chemistry today. This article reviews the latest developments regarding the rapidly developing field of carbonaceous aerogels prepared from biomass and biomass-derived precursors, highlighting exciting and innovative approaches to green, sustainable nanomaterial synthesis. A review of the state-of-the-art technologies will be provided with a specific focus on two complimentary synthetic approaches developed upon the principles of green chemistry. These carbonaceous aerogel synthesis strategies, namely the Starbon and carbogel approaches, can be regarded as "top-down" and "bottom-up" strategies, respectively. The structural properties can be easily tailored by controlling synthetic parameters such as the precursor selection and concentration, the drying technique employed and post-synthesis temperature annealing. In addition to these parameters, the behavior of these sustainable carbon aerogel platforms in a variety of environmental and energy-related applications will also be discussed, including water remediation and fuel cell chemistry (i.e., the oxygen reduction reaction). This Review reveals the fascinating variety of highly porous, versatile, nanostructured, and functional carbon-based aerogels accessible through the highlighted sustainable synthetic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J White
- E3-Earth, Energy and Environment, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies e.V. Berliner Str. 130, 14467 Potsdam (Germany).
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Nitrogen-Doped Carbon-Copper Nanohybrids as Electrocatalysts in H2O2and Glucose Sensing. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Braghiroli FL, Fierro V, Izquierdo MT, Parmentier J, Pizzi A, Celzard A. Kinetics of the hydrothermal treatment of tannin for producing carbonaceous microspheres. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 151:271-277. [PMID: 24246483 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of condensed tannins were submitted to hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) in a stainless steel autoclave, and the kinetics of hydrothermal carbon formation was investigated by changing several parameters: amount of tannin (0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 g in 16 mL of water), HTC temperature (130, 160, 180 and 200°C) and reaction times (from 1 to 720 h). The morphology and the structure of the tannin-based hydrothermal carbons were studied by TEM, krypton adsorption at -196°C and helium pycnometry. These materials presented agglomerated spherical particles, having surface areas ranging from 0.6 to 10.0 m(2) g(-1). The chemical composition of the hydrothermal carbons was found to be constant and independent of reaction time. HTC kinetics of tannin were determined and shown to correspond to first-order reaction. Temperature-dependent measurements led to an activation energy of 91 kJ mol(-1) for hydrothermal conversion of tannin into carbonaceous microspheres separable by centrifugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Braghiroli
- Université de Lorraine, ENSTIB, 27 rue Philippe Séguin, CS 60036, 88026 Epinal Cedex, France; Institut Jean Lamour, Département 4: Nanomatériaux Electronique Et Vivant, UMR 7198, ENSTIB, 27 rue Philippe Séguin, CS 60036, 88026 Epinal Cedex, France
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Zhang P, Yuan J, Fellinger TP, Antonietti M, Li H, Wang Y. Improving Hydrothermal Carbonization by Using Poly(ionic liquid)s. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhang P, Yuan J, Fellinger TP, Antonietti M, Li H, Wang Y. Improving Hydrothermal Carbonization by Using Poly(ionic liquid)s. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:6028-32. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Soorholtz M, White RJ, Zimmermann T, Titirici MM, Antonietti M, Palkovits R, Schüth F. Direct methane oxidation over Pt-modified nitrogen-doped carbons. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:240-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Paraknowitsch JP, Zhang Y, Wienert B, Thomas A. Nitrogen- and phosphorus-co-doped carbons with tunable enhanced surface areas promoted by the doping additives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1208-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37398j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Paraknowitsch JP, Wienert B, Zhang Y, Thomas A. Intrinsically Sulfur- and Nitrogen-Co-doped Carbons from Thiazolium Salts. Chemistry 2012; 18:15416-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Falco C, Sevilla M, White RJ, Rothe R, Titirici MM. Renewable nitrogen-doped hydrothermal carbons derived from microalgae. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:1834-1840. [PMID: 22544481 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon materials are synthesized via an effective, sustainable, and green one-step route based on the hydrothermal carbonization of microalgae with high nitrogen content (ca. 11 wt %). The addition of the monosaccharide glucose to the reaction mixture is found to be advantageous, enhancing the fixation of nitrogen in the synthesized carbons, resulting in materials possessing nitrogen content in excess of 7 wt %, and leading to promising reaction yields. Increasing the amount of glucose leads to a higher nitrogen retention in the carbons, which suggests co-condensation of the microalgae and glucose-derived degradation/hydrolysis products via Maillard-type cascade reactions, yielding nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles (e.g., pyrroles) as confirmed by several analytical techniques. Increasing the HTC processing temperature leads to a further aromatization of the chemical structure of the HTC carbon and the formation of increasingly more condensed nitrogen-containing functional motifs (i.e., pyridinic and quaternary nitrogen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Falco
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muhlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Zhang Z, Wang K, Atkinson JD, Yan X, Li X, Rood MJ, Yan Z. Sustainable and hierarchical porous Enteromorpha prolifera based carbon for CO2 capture. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 229-230:183-191. [PMID: 22717067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.05.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing porous carbon was synthesized from an ocean pollutant, Enteromorpha prolifera, via hydrothermal carbonization and potassium hydroxide activation. Carbons contained as much as 2.6% nitrogen in their as-prepared state. Physical and chemical properties were characterized by XRD, N(2) sorption, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and elemental analysis. The carbon exhibited a hierarchical structure with interconnected microporosity, mesoporosity and macroporosity. Inorganic minerals in the carbon matrix contributed to the development of mesoporosity and macroporosity, functioning as an in situ hard template. The carbon manifested high CO(2) capacity and facile regeneration at room temperature. The CO(2) sorption performance was investigated in the range of 0-75°C. The dynamic uptake of CO(2) is 61.4 mg/g and 105 mg/g at 25°C and 0°C, respectively, using 15% CO(2) (v/v) in N(2). Meanwhile, regeneration under Ar at 25°C recovered 89% of the carbon's initial uptake after eight cycles. A piecewise model was employed to analyze the CO(2) adsorption kinetics; the Avrami model fit well with a correlation coefficient (R(2)) of 0.98 and 0.99 at 0°C and 25°C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Key Laboratory of Catalysis, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China
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Yu L, Falco C, Weber J, White RJ, Howe JY, Titirici MM. Carbohydrate-derived hydrothermal carbons: a thorough characterization study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12373-12383. [PMID: 22853745 DOI: 10.1021/la3024277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an aqueous-phase route to produce carbon materials using biomass or biomass-derived precursors. In this paper, a comprehensive physicochemical and textural characterization of HTC materials obtained using four different precursors, namely, xylose, glucose, sucrose, and starch, is presented. The development of porosity in the prepared HTC materials as a function of thermal treatment (under an inert atmosphere) was specifically monitored using N(2) and CO(2) sorption analysis. The events taking place during the thermal treatment process were studied by a combined thermogravimetric/infrared (TGA-IR) measurement. Interestingly, these inexpensive biomass-derived carbon materials show good selectivity for CO(2) adsorption over N(2) (CO(2)/N(2) selectivity of 20 at 273 K, 1 bar and 1:1 gas composition). Furthermore, the elemental composition, morphologies, degree of structural order, surface charge, and functional groups are also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Yu
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany
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Zhao J, Jian Z, Ma J, Wang F, Hu YS, Chen W, Chen L, Liu H, Dai S. Monodisperse iron phosphate nanospheres: preparation and application in energy storage. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:1495-1500. [PMID: 22692812 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An approach to synthesize monodisperse nanospheres with nanoporous structure through a solvent extraction route using an acid-base-coupled extractant has been developed. The nanospheres form through self-assembly and templating by reverse micelles in the organic solvent extraction systems. More importantly, the used extractant in this route can be recycled. The power of this approach is demonstrated by the synthesis of monodisperse iron phosphate nanospheres, exhibiting promising applications in energy storage. The synthetic parameters have been optimized. Based on this, a possible formation mechanism is also proposed. The synthetic procedure is relatively simple and could be extended to synthesize other water-insoluble inorganic metal salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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Xia F, Pan M, Mu S, Jones MD, Wolverson D, Marken F. Chitosan-Based Hydrothermal Nanocarbon: Core-Shell Characteristics and Composite Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Shen W, He Y, Zhang S, Li J, Fan W. Yeast-based microporous carbon materials for carbon dioxide capture. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:1274-9. [PMID: 22696279 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A hierarchical microporous carbon material with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of 1348 m(2) g(-1) and a pore volume of 0.67 cm(3) g(-1) was prepared from yeast through chemical activation with potassium hydroxide. This type of material contains large numbers of nitrogen-containing groups (nitrogen content >5.3 wt%), and, consequently, basic sites. As a result, this material shows a faster adsorption rate and a higher adsorption capacity of CO(2) than the material obtained by directly carbonizing yeast under the same conditions. The difference is more pronounced in the presence of N(2) or H(2)O, showing that chemical activation of discarded yeast with potassium hydroxide could afford high-performance microporous carbon materials for the capture of CO(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR China.
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Zhao X, Zhang Q, Zhang B, Chen CM, Wang A, Zhang T, Su DS. Dual-heteroatom-modified ordered mesoporous carbon: Hydrothermal functionalization, structure, and its electrochemical performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm15820e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Falco C, Perez Caballero F, Babonneau F, Gervais C, Laurent G, Titirici MM, Baccile N. Hydrothermal carbon from biomass: structural differences between hydrothermal and pyrolyzed carbons via 13C solid state NMR. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:14460-14471. [PMID: 22050004 DOI: 10.1021/la202361p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to better describe the structure of the hydrothermal carbon (HTC) process and put it in relationship with the more classical pyrolytic carbons. Indeed, despite the low energetic impact and the number of applications described so far for HTC, very little is known about the structure, reaction mechanism, and the way these materials relate to coals. Are HTC and calcination processes equivalent? Are the structures of the processed materials related to each other in any way? Which is the extent of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) inside HTC? In this work, the effect of hydrothermal treatment and pyrolysis are compared on glucose, a good model carbohydrate; a detailed single-quantum double-quantum (SQ-DQ) solid state (13)C NMR study of the HTC and calcined HTC is used to interpret the spectral region corresponding to the signal of furanic and arene groups. These data are compared to the spectroscopic signatures of calcined glucose, starch, and xylose. A semiquantitative analysis of the (13)C NMR spectra provides an estimation of the furanic-to-arene ratio which varies from 1:1 to 4:1 according to the processing conditions and carbohydrate employed. In addition, we formulate some hypothesis, validated by DFT (density functional theory) modeling associated with (13)C NMR chemical shifts calculations, about the possible furan-rich structural intermediates that occur in the coalification process leading to condensed polyaromatic structures. In combination with a broad parallel study on the HTC processing conditions effect on glucose, cellulose, and raw biomass (Falco, C.; Baccile, N.; Titirici, M.-M. Green Chem., 2011, DOI: 10.1039/C1GC15742F), we propose a broad reaction scheme and in which we show that, through HTC, it is possible to tune the furan-to-arene ratio composing the aromatic core of the produced HTC carbons, which is not possible if calcination is used alone, in the temperature range below 350 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Falco
- Max-Planck Institute for Colloids, Research Campus Golm, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany
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