1
|
Glisovic-Aplenc T, Diorio C, Chukinas JA, Veliz K, Shestova O, Shen F, Nunez-Cruz S, Vincent TL, Miao F, Milone MC, June CH, Teachey DT, Tasian SK, Aplenc R, Gill S. CD38 as a pan-hematologic target for chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4418-4430. [PMID: 37171449 PMCID: PMC10440474 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Many hematologic malignancies are not curable with chemotherapy and require novel therapeutic approaches. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is 1 such approach that involves the transfer of T cells engineered to express CARs for a specific cell-surface antigen. CD38 is a validated tumor antigen in multiple myeloma (MM) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and is also overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we developed human CD38-redirected T cells (CART-38) as a unified approach to treat 3 different hematologic malignancies that occur across the pediatric-to-adult age spectrum. Importantly, CD38 expression on activated T cells did not impair CART-38 cells expansion or in vitro function. In xenografted mice, CART-38 mediated the rejection of AML, T-ALL, and MM cell lines and primary samples and prolonged survival. In a xenograft model of normal human hematopoiesis, CART-38 resulted in the expected reduction of hematopoietic progenitors, which warrants caution and careful monitoring of this potential toxicity when translating this new immunotherapy into the clinic. Deploying CART-38 against multiple CD38-expressing malignancies is significant because it expands the potential for this novel therapy to affect diverse patient populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Glisovic-Aplenc
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Caroline Diorio
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John A. Chukinas
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kimberly Veliz
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Olga Shestova
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Feng Shen
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Selene Nunez-Cruz
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tiffaney L. Vincent
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Fei Miao
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael C. Milone
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Carl H. June
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David T. Teachey
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sarah K. Tasian
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Richard Aplenc
- Division of Oncology, Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Saar Gill
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu X, Zhang Y, Li Y, Schmidt‐Wolf IGH. Improvements in Flow Cytometry‐Based Cytotoxicity Assay. Cytometry A 2020; 99:680-688. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Integrated Oncology, CIO Bonn University Hospital Bonn Bonn D‐53105 Germany
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Integrated Oncology, CIO Bonn University Hospital Bonn Bonn D‐53105 Germany
| | - Yutao Li
- Department of Integrated Oncology, CIO Bonn University Hospital Bonn Bonn D‐53105 Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wong WY, Wong H, Cheung SP, Chan E. Measuring natural killer cell cytotoxicity by flow cytometry. Pathology 2019; 51:286-291. [PMID: 30803738 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2018.12.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic function is critical in guarding an organism against viral infections and malignantly transformed cells. Although the 51Chromium (51Cr)-release assay is regarded as the gold standard for assessing NK cell cytolytic activity, this method is associated with a number of technical problems including the use of radioactive reagents and inconsistent assay performance, due to the lack of assay standardisation across laboratories. Here we describe the setup of a flow cytometry (FC) based method for the measurement of NK cell cytotoxicity, suitable for patient testing. The FC protocol was assessed using four normal samples, and reference values for NK activity of the local Hong Kong population were defined by 40 peripheral blood samples from healthy volunteers. For method validation, we tested a total of 13 specimens including nine healthy individuals and four patients with clinical conditions that were expected to have NK cell dysfunction. We directly compared those results between FC and the 51Cr-release assay and we were able to demonstrate that FC is a clinically valid method for measuring NK cell function in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Yu Wong
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | - Helen Wong
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S P Cheung
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Chan
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cocozza F, Menay F, Tsacalian R, Elisei A, Sampedro P, Soria I, Waldner C, Gravisaco MJ, Mongini C. Cyclophosphamide enhances the release of tumor exosomes that elicit a specific immune response in vivo in a murine T-cell lymphoma. Vaccine 2019; 37:1565-1576. [PMID: 30777349 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are 60-150 nm small extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by most cells. Tumor-cell-derived exosomes, used as a vaccine, elicit a specific cytotoxic response against tumor cells, usually with a greater immunogenicity than tumor-cell lysates. However, the number of exosomes isolated from culture cells is limited. In recent studies, it was observed that cells respond to different stressor stimuli such as cytotoxic drugs, hypoxia, acidosis, or radiation by increasing the release of EVs. In this study, using the murine LBC T-cell lymphoma, we found that cyclophosphamide significantly increased EVs yield. These EVs express exosome marker proteins such as TSG-101, CD9, CD81, and CD63. Furthermore, similar humoral and cellular immune responses were induced in vivo by EVs isolated from LBC-tumor cells whether they were grown under normal culture conditions (EVs C) or in the presence of cyclophosphamide (EVs CTX). Mice vaccinated either with EVs C or EVs CTX were similarly protected against an intraperitoneal challenge with LBC tumor cells. CD4+ and CD8+ IFN-γ secreting cells were induced in immunized mice and a specific cytotoxic cellular immune response was elicited in vitro. These results demonstrate that a Th1 response was induced by immunization with the EVs. Our findings suggest that treatment of tumor cells with cyclophosphamide is a useful method to enhance the secretion of EVs in sensitive cell lines without altering their antitumor properties and thus may be used to produce antigens for future design of cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cocozza
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Argentina
| | - Florencia Menay
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Tsacalian
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Argentina
| | | | - Pura Sampedro
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales Universidad de Morón, Argentina
| | - Ivana Soria
- Instituto de Virología, INTA Castelar, Argentina
| | - Claudia Waldner
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Argentina
| | | | - Claudia Mongini
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Argentina; Instituto de Virología, INTA Castelar, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales Universidad de Morón, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Perdomo-Celis F, Velilla PA, Taborda NA, Rugeles MT. An altered cytotoxic program of CD8+ T-cells in HIV-infected patients despite HAART-induced viral suppression. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210540. [PMID: 30625227 PMCID: PMC6326488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the suppression of viral replication induced by the highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), an increased immune activation and inflammatory state persists in HIV-infected patients, contributing to lower treatment response and immune reconstitution, and development of non-AIDS conditions. The chronic activation and inflammation affect the functionality and differentiation of CD8+ T-cells, particularly reducing their cytotoxic capacity, which is critical in the control of HIV replication. Although previous studies have shown that HAART induce a partial immune reconstitution, its effect on CD8+ T-cells cytotoxic function, as well as its relationship with the inflammatory state, is yet to be defined. Here, we characterized the functional profile of polyclonal and HIV-specific CD8+ T cells, based on the expression of cell activation and differentiation markers, in individuals chronically infected with HIV, under HAART. Compared with seronegative controls, CD8+ T-cells from patients on HAART exhibited a low degranulation capacity (surface expression of CD107a), with consequent low secreted levels and high intracellular expression of granzyme B and perforin. This degranulation defect was particularly observed in those cells expressing the activation marker HLA-DR, which were further characterized as effector memory cells with high expression of CD57. The expression of CD107a, but not of granzyme B and perforin, in CD8+ T-cells from HIV-infected patients on HAART reached levels similar to those in seronegative controls when the treatment duration was higher than 25 months. In addition, the expression of CD107a was negatively correlated with the expression of exhaustion markers on CD8+ T-cells and the plasma inflammatory molecule sCD14. Thus, despite HAART-induced viral suppression, CD8+ T-cells from HIV-infected patients have an alteration in their cytotoxic program. This defect is associated with the cellular activation, differentiation and exhaustion state, as well as with the inflammation levels, and can be partially recovered with a long and continuous treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Perdomo-Celis
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Paula A. Velilla
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Natalia A. Taborda
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - María Teresa Rugeles
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Terzic T, Cordeau M, Herblot S, Teira P, Cournoyer S, Beaunoyer M, Peuchmaur M, Duval M, Sartelet H. Expression of Disialoganglioside (GD2) in Neuroblastic Tumors: A Prognostic Value for Patients Treated With Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2018; 21:355-362. [PMID: 29067879 DOI: 10.1177/1093526617723972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, a malignant neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system, is one of the most aggressive pediatric cancers. Patients with stage IV high-risk neuroblastoma receive an intensive multimodal therapy ending with an immunotherapy based on a chimeric monoclonal antibody ch14.18. Although the use of ch14.18 monoclonal antibody has significantly increased the survival rate of high-risk neuroblastoma patients, about 33% of these patients still relapse and die from their disease. Ch14.18 targets the disialoganglioside, GD2, expressed on neuroblastic tumor (NT) cells. To better understand the causes of tumor relapse following ch14.18 immunotherapy, we have analyzed the expression of GD2 in 152 tumor samples from patients with NTs using immunohistochemical stainings. We observed GD2 expression in 146 of 152 samples (96%); however, the proportion of GD2-positive cells varied among samples. Interestingly, low percentage of GD2-positive cells before immunotherapy was associated with relapse in patients receiving ch14.18 immunotherapy. In addition, we demonstrated in vitro that the sensitivity of neuroblastoma cell lines to natural killer-mediated lysis was dependent on the proportion of GD2-positive cells, in the presence of ch14.18 antibody. In conclusion, our results indicate that the proportion of tumor cells expressing GD2 in NTs should be taken in consideration, as a prognostic marker, for high-risk neuroblastoma patients receiving anti-GD2 immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Terzic
- 1 Research Center, Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Martine Cordeau
- 1 Research Center, Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sabine Herblot
- 1 Research Center, Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pierre Teira
- 2 Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sonia Cournoyer
- 1 Research Center, Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mona Beaunoyer
- 3 Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michel Peuchmaur
- 4 Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Duval
- 1 Research Center, Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Herve Sartelet
- 1 Research Center, Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada.,4 Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
QPY/RAH haplotypes of the GZMB gene are associated with natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Immunogenetics 2017; 70:29-36. [PMID: 28653095 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-017-1014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Granzyme B (GzmB) is a component of cytolytic granules within NK cells and is involved in several pathologies. It has previously been reported that there are three non-synonymous coding SNPs (rs8192917; Q48R, rs11539752; P88A, and rs2236338; Y245H) in the GZMB gene and that the QPY/RAH allele was clustered together close to the C-terminal α-helix. However, it is unknown whether the function of GzmB produced from NK cells is influenced by QPY/RAH polymorphism. The authors investigated the distribution of QPY/RAH polymorphism of the GZMB gene in a Japanese population (n = 106), and the involvement of Q48R polymorphism in NK cell cytotoxicity, degranulation, and production of GzmB. A strong linkage disequilibrium was observed among these SNPs, and NK cell cytotoxicity was influenced by rs8192917 (Q48R). Moreover, it found that R48-GzmB is a stable protein that accumulates to similar levels in activated NK cells as Q48-GzmB. rs8192917 polymorphism may influence antitumor activity and the effect of antitumor cellular immunotherapy. The authors expect that these new informations about QPY/RAH polymorphism of the GZMB gene could help to assess the impact of NK cell cytotoxicity in several pathologies and aid their treatment.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
We consider a mathematical model for malaria involving, susceptible red blood cells (RBCs), latent infected red blood cells (RBCs), active IRBCs, intracellular parasites, extracellular parasites and effector cells. We extend the model to include effect of treatment on the prognosis of malaria. One of the questions addressed in our study is: what range of the parameter, [Formula: see text] which denotes the number of intracellular parasites released from a naturally dying activated infected red blood cell can lead to malaria pathogenesis? Sensitivity analysis revealed that poor parametric estimation can lead to wrong disease prognosis, and consequently to over or under-prescription of treatment drugs. In malaria endemic areas where the parasite is developing resistance to the drugs, this can limit options of treatment drugs. We recommend that the administration of malaria treatment drugs should be done under supervision as is the case for TB to ensure complete adherence to treatment and reduce the emergence of malaria drug resistant strains. Secondly, we recommend that individuals with malaria or showing symptoms of the disease should be tested for other chronic infections which could complicate the treatment of malaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- THERESIA MARIJANI
- Department of Mathematics, University of Dar es salaam, P. O. Box 35062, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - EDWARD LUNGU
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effect of Methionine Restriction on Bone Density and NK Cell Activity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3571810. [PMID: 27882323 PMCID: PMC5110873 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3571810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) is proven to increase the lifespan; and it also affects the bone density and the innate immune system. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of methionine restriction on bone density and natural killer (NK) cells. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to either basal diet (BD, containing 0.80% methionine) or methionine-restricted diet (containing 0.14% methionine). Mice with MR diet displayed reduced bone mass and decrease in the cytotoxicity of NK from the spleen, compared to BD animals. Also, mice with MR diet had an inferior body weight (P < 0.05) and higher plasma levels of adiponectin and FGF21 (P < 0.05) but lower concentrations of leptin and IGF-1 (P < 0.05). Overall, the investigation shows that methionine affects bone density and NK cell cytotoxicity.
Collapse
|
10
|
Oboshi W, Watanabe T, Yukimasa N, Ueno I, Aki K, Tada T, Hosoi E. SNPs rs4656317 and rs12071048 located within an enhancer in FCGR3A are in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs396991 and influence NK cell-mediated ADCC by transcriptional regulation. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:997-1003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
11
|
High folic acid intake reduces natural killer cell cytotoxicity in aged mice. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 30:102-7. [PMID: 27012626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Presence of unmetabolized folic acid in plasma, which is indicative of folic acid intake beyond the metabolic capacity of the body, is associated with reduced natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in postmenopausal women ≥50years. NK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that are part of the innate immune system critical for surveillance and defense against virus-infected and cancer cells. We determined if a high folic acid diet can result in reduced NK cell cytotoxicity in an aged mouse model. Female C57BL/6 mice (16-month-old) were fed an AIN-93M diet with the recommended daily allowance (1× RDA, control) or 20× RDA (high) folic acid for 3months. NK cytotoxicity was lower in splenocytes from mice fed a high folic acid diet when compared to mice on control diet (P<.04). The lower NK cell cytotoxicity in high folic acid fed mice could be due to their lower mature cytotoxic/naïve NK cell ratio (P=.03) when compared to the control mice. Splenocytes from mice on high folic acid diet produced less interleukin (IL)-10 when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (P<.05). The difference in NK cell cytotoxicity between dietary groups was abolished when the splenocytes were supplemented with exogenous IL-10 prior to assessment of the NK cytotoxicity, suggesting that the reduced NK cell cytotoxicity of the high folic acid group was at least partially due to reduced IL-10 production. This study demonstrates a causal relationship between high folic acid intake and reduced NK cell cytotoxicity and provides some insights into the potential mechanisms behind this relationship.
Collapse
|
12
|
The influence of NK cell-mediated ADCC: Structure and expression of the CD16 molecule differ among FcγRIIIa-V158F genotypes in healthy Japanese subjects. Hum Immunol 2015; 77:165-71. [PMID: 26582002 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
NK cells express the CD16 (FcγRIIIa) receptor, which mediates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), on their cell surface. Therefore, ADCC activity may be influenced by qualitative or quantitative changes in the CD16 molecule on NK cells. Responses to NK cell-mediated ADCC have been shown to depend on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at FcγRIIIa amino acid position 158. However, a consensus has not yet been reached regarding differences in the structure and expression levels of the CD16 molecule among FcγRIIIa-V158F genotypes, which have not yet been adequately investigated in healthy Japanese individuals. We herein examined the influence of the FcγRIIIa polymorphism on ADCC, binding affinity of CD16 to the Fc region, FCGR3A gene expression, and cell-surface CD16 expression in healthy Japanese subjects. FcγRIIIa-V158F genotyping was performed for 101 subjects. The results obtained showed that all parameters analyzed increased in the order of V/V>V/F>F/F and were significantly higher in V/V subjects than in F/F subjects. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between ADCC activity and binding affinity, FCGR3A transcript levels, and surface CD16 expression levels. These results suggest that the structure and expression of the CD16 molecule differs among FcγRIIIa-V158F genotypes, and the FcγRIIIa-V158F polymorphism may be represent a haplotype with other SNPs in regulatory regions in Japanese subjects.
Collapse
|
13
|
CD33-specific chimeric antigen receptor T cells exhibit potent preclinical activity against human acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2015; 29:1637-47. [PMID: 25721896 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chemo-refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a dismal prognosis. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy has produced exciting results in CD19+ malignancies and may overcome many of the limitations of conventional leukemia therapies. We developed CART cells to target CD33 (CART33) using the anti-CD33 single chain variable fragment used in gemtuzumab ozogamicin (clone My96) and tested the activity and toxicity of these cells. CART33 exhibited significant effector functions in vitro and resulted in eradication of leukemia and prolonged survival in AML xenografts. CART33 also resulted in human lineage cytopenias and reduction of myeloid progenitors in xenograft models of hematopoietic toxicity, suggesting that permanently expressed CD33-specific CART cells would have unacceptable toxicity. To enhance the viability of CART33 as an option for AML, we designed a transiently expressed mRNA anti-CD33 CAR. Gene transfer was carried out by electroporation into T cells and resulted in high-level expression with potent but self-limited activity against AML. Thus our preclinical studies show potent activity of CART33 and indicate that transient expression of anti-CD33 CAR by RNA modification could be used in patients to avoid long-term myelosuppression. CART33 therapy could be used alone or as part of a preparative regimen prior to allogeneic transplantation in refractory AML.
Collapse
|
14
|
Boukouaci W, Lauden L, Siewiera J, Dam N, Hocine HR, Khaznadar Z, Tamouza R, Borlado LR, Charron D, Jabrane-Ferrat N, Al-Daccak R. Natural killer cell crosstalk with allogeneic human cardiac-derived stem/progenitor cells controls persistence. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 104:290-302. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Luo F, Li A, Qian J, Yao Z, Feng X, Chu Y. Systemic injection of TLR1/2 agonist improves adoptive antigen-specific T cell therapy in glioma-bearing mice. Clin Immunol 2014; 154:26-36. [PMID: 24928324 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy is an attractive strategy for glioma treatment. However, some obstacles still need be overcome. In this study, GL261-bearing mice treated with adoptively transferred antigen-specific T cells and systemic injection of bacterial lipoprotein (BLP), a TLR1/2 agonist, got a long-term survival and even immune protection. By analyzing adoptive T cells, it was found that BLP maintained T cell survival, proliferation and anti-tumor efficacy in the brains of tumor-bearing hosts. Moreover, tumor microenvironment was modified by up-regulating IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ T cells and down-regulating MDSC, which might be related with high CXCL10 and low CCL2 expression. In addition, TLR2 deficiency abrogated therapeutic effect with increased MDSC accumulation and decreased IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ T cells in the brains. Thus, the systemic injection of BLP could improve the adoptive T cell therapy by maintaining T cell persistence, modifying the tumor microenvironment and even inducing systemic anti-tumor immunity, which might offer a clinically promising immunotherapeutic strategy for glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifei Luo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anning Li
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Qian
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenwei Yao
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Feng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vadillo E, Dorantes-Acosta E, Arriaga-Pizano L, Chavez-Gonzalez A, Reyes-Maldonado E, Garrett KP, Mayani H, Kincade PW, Pelayo R. Adult, but not neonatal, human lymphoid progenitors respond to TLR9 ligation by producing functional NK-like cells. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:562-73.e3. [PMID: 24721609 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in characterizing factors controlling lineage fate decisions of primitive progenitors that initiate the lymphoid program in bone marrow. However, the understanding of neonatal/adult differences in environmental signals that influence differentiation pathway stability is still incomplete. Our recent findings suggest that Toll-like receptors provide a mechanism for producing cells of the innate immune system from early stages of lymphoid development in mice. We now show that both human early multilymphoid progenitors and more differentiated lymphoid progenitors from normal adult bone marrow express TLR9. Furthermore, they respond to its ligation by upregulating the expression of IL-15Rβ (CD122) and accelerating the production of functional natural killer (NK)-like cells. Proliferation of the presumed equivalent progenitor cells from umbilical cord blood was stimulated by CpG-containing oligonucleotides or herpes simplex virus, but the already robust NK-cell formation was unchanged. This new information adds to other known differences between neonatal and adult lymphoid progenitors and suggests only the latter replenish innate NK-like cells in response to Toll-like receptor agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Vadillo
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico; National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elisa Dorantes-Acosta
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico; Leukemia Clinic, Federico Gómez Children's Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Arriaga-Pizano
- Immunochemistry Research Unit, Medical Specialties Hospital, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonieta Chavez-Gonzalez
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elba Reyes-Maldonado
- National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karla P Garrett
- Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Héctor Mayani
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul W Kincade
- Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Preclinical targeting of human acute myeloid leukemia and myeloablation using chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells. Blood 2014; 123:2343-54. [PMID: 24596416 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-09-529537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are incurable with chemotherapy and may benefit from novel approaches. One such approach involves the transfer of T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) for a specific cell-surface antigen. This strategy depends upon preferential expression of the target on tumor cells. To date, the lack of AML-specific surface markers has impeded development of such CAR-based approaches. CD123, the transmembrane α chain of the interleukin-3 receptor, is expressed in the majority of AML cells but is also expressed in many normal hematopoietic cells. Here, we show that CD123 is a good target for AML-directed CAR therapy, because its expression increases over time in vivo even in initially CD123(dim) populations, and that human CD123-redirected T cells (CART123) eradicate primary AML in immunodeficient mice. CART123 also eradicated normal human myelopoiesis, a surprising finding because anti-CD123 antibody-based strategies have been reportedly well tolerated. Because AML is likely preceded by clonal evolution in "preleukemic" hematopoietic stem cells, our observations support CART123 as a viable AML therapy, suggest that CART123-based myeloablation may be used as a novel conditioning regimen for hematopoietic cell transplantation, and raise concerns for the use of CART123 without such a rescue strategy.
Collapse
|
18
|
Tenorio-Borroto E, Peñuelas-Rivas CG, Vásquez-Chagoyán JC, Castañedo N, Prado-Prado FJ, García-Mera X, González-Díaz H. Model for high-throughput screening of drug immunotoxicity – Study of the anti-microbial G1 over peritoneal macrophages using flow cytometry. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 72:206-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
19
|
Scherbakova A, Lust H, Everaus H, Aints A. A mathematical model of natural killer cell activity. Cytometry A 2013; 83:585-91. [PMID: 23606627 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are capable of lysing their target cells with the help of perforin. The application of these cells for immunotherapy requires the estimation of their potency for the purpose of validation and batch-to-batch comparison. Cytotoxicity measurements have been carried out at only a few effector target ratios, therefore, allowing only semiquantitative assessment at best. By using a novel approach of varying the effector target ratio continuously and careful analysis of the experimental data after the reactions, we have achieved a precision necessary for constructing a mathematical model of cytotoxic reaction. Curve-fitting to experimental data indicates that NK cell cytotoxicity follows the law of mass action and fits the model of a single ligand-receptor interaction. The method allows to use the value of half-maximal lysis to describe the potency of cytotoxic NK cells numerically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Scherbakova
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kunii N, Zhao Y, Jiang S, Liu X, Scholler J, Balagopalan L, Samelson LE, Milone MC, June CH. Enhanced function of redirected human T cells expressing linker for activation of T cells that is resistant to ubiquitylation. Hum Gene Ther 2013; 24:27-37. [PMID: 22998346 PMCID: PMC3555093 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2012.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is likely that the enhancement of signaling after antigenic stimulation, particularly in the tumor microenvironment, would improve the function of adoptively transferred T cells. Linker for activation of T cells (LAT) plays a central role in T cell activation. We hypothesized that the ubiquitylation-resistant form of LAT in cells would enhance T cell signaling and thus augment antitumor activity. To test this, human CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells were electroporated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) to repress endogenous LAT and ubiquitylation-resistant LAT 2KR or wild-type LAT mRNA was introduced for reexpression. Significantly enhanced phosphorylation of LAT and phospholipase C-γ (PLCγ) was observed, and augmented calcium signaling after T cell receptor (TCR) triggering was observed in LAT 2KR-expressing T cells. TCR-induced calcium signaling was abrogated in LAT knockdown cells, but the baseline was higher than that of control siRNA-electroporated cells, suggesting a fundamental requirement of LAT to maintain calcium homeostasis. Redirected LAT 2KR T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor or an MHC class I-restricted TCR showed augmented function as assessed by enhanced cytokine secretion and cytotoxicity. These results indicate that interruption of LAT ubiquitylation is a promising strategy to augment effector T cell function for adoptive cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kunii
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156
| | - Yangbing Zhao
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283
| | - Shuguang Jiang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156
| | - John Scholler
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156
| | - Lakshmi Balagopalan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256
| | - Lawrence E. Samelson
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256
| | - Michael C. Milone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283
| | - Carl H. June
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rech AJ, Mick R, Martin S, Recio A, Aqui NA, Powell DJ, Colligon TA, Trosko JA, Leinbach LI, Pletcher CH, Tweed CK, DeMichele A, Fox KR, Domchek SM, Riley JL, Vonderheide RH. CD25 blockade depletes and selectively reprograms regulatory T cells in concert with immunotherapy in cancer patients. Sci Transl Med 2012; 4:134ra62. [PMID: 22593175 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) are key mediators of immune tolerance and feature prominently in cancer. Depletion of CD25(+) FoxP3(+) T(regs) in vivo may promote T cell cancer immunosurveillance, but no strategy to do so in humans while preserving immunity and preventing autoimmunity has been validated. We evaluated the Food and Drug Administration-approved CD25-blocking monoclonal antibody daclizumab with regard to human T(reg) survival and function. In vitro, daclizumab did not mediate antibody-dependent or complement-mediated cytotoxicity but rather resulted in the down-regulation of FoxP3 selectively among CD25(high) CD45RA(neg) T(regs). Moreover, daclizumab-treated CD45RA(neg) T(regs) lost suppressive function and regained the ability to produce interferon-γ, consistent with reprogramming. To understand the impact of daclizumab on T(regs) in vivo, we performed a clinical trial of daclizumab in combination with an experimental cancer vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Daclizumab administration led to a marked and prolonged decrease in T(regs) in patients. Robust CD8 and CD4 T cell priming and boosting to all vaccine antigens were observed in the absence of autoimmunity. We conclude that CD25 blockade depletes and selectively reprograms T(regs) in concert with active immune therapy in cancer patients. These results suggest a mechanism to target cancer-associated T(regs) while avoiding autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Rech
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Thakur A, Zaman A, Hummel J, Jones K, Hortelano G. Single-colour flow cytometric assay to determine NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and viability against non-adherent human tumor cells. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 34:447-53. [PMID: 22187077 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A flow cytometry-based cytotoxicity (FCC) assay was developed using a single fluorophore, calcein-acetoxymethyl diacetylester (calcein-AM), to measure NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Non-adherent human K562 and U937 target cells were individually labelled with calcein-AM and co-incubated with effector NK cells to measure calcein loss, and therefore calculate target cell cytotoxicity. This FCC assay also provided a measure of sample viability. Notably, cell viability measured by traditional calcein/7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) double labelling and Trypan Blue methods were comparable to the viability calculated using calcein-loss FCC. This FCC assay may also be used with various effector and target cell types and as a multi-parameter tool to measure viability and immunophenotype cells for tissue engineering purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Thakur
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 5380 Glen Erin Dr., Mississauga, ON L5M5C7, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhao Y, Moon E, Carpenito C, Paulos CM, Liu X, Brennan AL, Chew A, Carroll RG, Scholler J, Levine BL, Albelda SM, June CH. Multiple injections of electroporated autologous T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor mediate regression of human disseminated tumor. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9053-61. [PMID: 20926399 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Redirecting T lymphocyte antigen specificity by gene transfer can provide large numbers of tumor-reactive T lymphocytes for adoptive immunotherapy. However, safety concerns associated with viral vector production have limited clinical application of T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR). T lymphocytes can be gene modified by RNA electroporation without integration-associated safety concerns. To establish a safe platform for adoptive immunotherapy, we first optimized the vector backbone for RNA in vitro transcription to achieve high-level transgene expression. CAR expression and function of RNA-electroporated T cells could be detected up to a week after electroporation. Multiple injections of RNA CAR-electroporated T cells mediated regression of large vascularized flank mesothelioma tumors in NOD/scid/γc(-/-) mice. Dramatic tumor reduction also occurred when the preexisting intraperitoneal human-derived tumors, which had been growing in vivo for >50 days, were treated by multiple injections of autologous human T cells electroporated with anti-mesothelin CAR mRNA. This is the first report using matched patient tumor and lymphocytes showing that autologous T cells from cancer patients can be engineered to provide an effective therapy for a disseminated tumor in a robust preclinical model. Multiple injections of RNA-engineered T cells are a novel approach for adoptive cell transfer, providing flexible platform for the treatment of cancer that may complement the use of retroviral and lentiviral engineered T cells. This approach may increase the therapeutic index of T cells engineered to express powerful activation domains without the associated safety concerns of integrating viral vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangbing Zhao
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology Research Laboratory and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|