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Santosh Nirmala S, Kayani K, Gliwiński M, Hu Y, Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ D, Piotrowska-Mieczkowska M, Sakowska J, Tomaszewicz M, Marín Morales JM, Lakshmi K, Marek-Trzonkowska NM, Trzonkowski P, Oo YH, Fuchs A. Beyond FOXP3: a 20-year journey unravelling human regulatory T-cell heterogeneity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1321228. [PMID: 38283365 PMCID: PMC10811018 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1321228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The initial idea of a distinct group of T-cells responsible for suppressing immune responses was first postulated half a century ago. However, it is only in the last three decades that we have identified what we now term regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and subsequently elucidated and crystallized our understanding of them. Human Tregs have emerged as essential to immune tolerance and the prevention of autoimmune diseases and are typically contemporaneously characterized by their CD3+CD4+CD25high CD127lowFOXP3+ phenotype. It is important to note that FOXP3+ Tregs exhibit substantial diversity in their origin, phenotypic characteristics, and function. Identifying reliable markers is crucial to the accurate identification, quantification, and assessment of Tregs in health and disease, as well as the enrichment and expansion of viable cells for adoptive cell therapy. In our comprehensive review, we address the contributions of various markers identified in the last two decades since the master transcriptional factor FOXP3 was identified in establishing and enriching purity, lineage stability, tissue homing and suppressive proficiency in CD4+ Tregs. Additionally, our review delves into recent breakthroughs in innovative Treg-based therapies, underscoring the significance of distinct markers in their therapeutic utilization. Understanding Treg subsets holds the key to effectively harnessing human Tregs for immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kayani Kayani
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Academic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mateusz Gliwiński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Yueyuan Hu
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Justyna Sakowska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Martyna Tomaszewicz
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Kavitha Lakshmi
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ye Htun Oo
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Liver Transplant and Hepatobiliary Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Birmingham Advanced Cellular Therapy Facility, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Rare Diseases, European Reference Network - Rare Liver Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anke Fuchs
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Drakul M, Čolić M. Immunomodulatory activity of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in immune-related diseases. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250302. [PMID: 37732495 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), also known as CD26, is a 110-kDa cell surface glycoprotein with enzymatic and signal transducing activity. DPP-4/CD26 is expressed by various cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and NK cells. DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) were introduced to clinics in 2006 as new oral antihyperglycemic drugs approved for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. In addition to glucose-lowering effects, emerging data, from clinical studies and their animal models, suggest that DPP-4i could display anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects as well, but the molecular and immunological mechanisms of these actions are insufficiently investigated. This review focuses on the modulatory activity of DPP-4i in the immune system and the possible application of DPP-4i in other immune-related diseases in patients with or without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Drakul
- Medical Faculty Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Miodrag Čolić
- Medical Faculty Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
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3
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Abhishek K, Nidhi M, Chandran S, Shevkoplyas SS, Mohan C. Manufacturing regulatory T cells for adoptive cell therapy in immune diseases: A critical appraisal. Clin Immunol 2023; 251:109328. [PMID: 37086957 PMCID: PMC11003444 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a unique subset of lymphocytes that play a vital role in regulating the immune system by suppressing unwanted immune responses and thus preventing autoimmune diseases and inappropriate inflammatory reactions. In preclinical and clinical trials, these cells have demonstrated the ability to prevent and treat graft vs. host disease, alleviate autoimmune symptoms, and promote transplant tolerance. In this review, we provide a background on Treg cells with a focus on important Treg cell markers and Treg subsets, and outline the methodology currently used for manufacturing adoptive regulatory T cell therapies (TRACT). Finally, we discuss the approaches and outcomes of several clinical trials in which Tregs have been adoptively transferred to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Abhishek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5060, United States of America
| | - Malavika Nidhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5060, United States of America
| | - Srinandhini Chandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5060, United States of America
| | - Sergey S Shevkoplyas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5060, United States of America.
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5060, United States of America.
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4
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Hui Y, Xu Z, Li J, Kuang L, Zhong Y, Tang Y, Wei J, Zhou H, Zheng T. Nonenzymatic function of DPP4 promotes diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction through IGF-2R/PKA/SP1/ERp29/IP3R2 pathway-mediated impairment of Treg function and M1 microglia polarization. Metabolism 2023; 138:155340. [PMID: 36302455 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairment of regulatory T (Treg) cells function is implicated in the pathogenesis of immune imbalance-mediated cognitive impairment. A complete understanding of whether and how this imbalance affect cognitive function in type 2 diabetes is lacking, and the driver affecting this imbalance remains unknown. METHODS We examined the impact of enzymatic and non-enzymatic function of DPP4 on Treg cell impairment, microglia polarization and diabetes-associated cognitive defects and identified its underlying mechanism in type 2 diabetic patients with cognitive impairment and in db/db mice. RESULTS We report that DPP4 binds to IGF2-R on Treg cell surface and activates PKA/SP1 signaling, which upregulate ERp29 expression and promote its binding to IP3R2, thereby inhibiting IP3R2 degradation and promoting mitochondria-associated ER membrane formation and mitochondria calcium overload in Tregs. This, in turn, impairs Tregs function and polarizes microglia toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype in the hippocampus and finally leads to neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes. Importantly, inhibiting DPP4 enzymatic activity in type 2 diabetic patients or mutating DPP4 enzymatic active site in db/db mice did not reverse these changes. However, IGF-2R knockdown or blockade ameliorated these effects both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the nonenzymatic role of DPP4 in impairing Tregs function, which may facilitate the design of novel immunotherapies for diabetes-associated cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Hui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Jiaxiu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Liuyu Kuang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Yuanmei Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Yunyun Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Junjie Wei
- Lingui Clinical Medical College, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of General Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Tianpeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China; Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China.
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5
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Huang J, Liu X, Wei Y, Li X, Gao S, Dong L, Rao X, Zhong J. Emerging Role of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 in Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:830863. [PMID: 35309368 PMCID: PMC8931313 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP4), originally identified as an aminopeptidase in 1960s, is an ubiquitously expressed protease presented as either a membrane-bound or soluble form. DPP4 cleaves dipeptide off from the N-terminal of its substrates, altering the bioactivity of its substrates. Subsequent studies reveal that DPP4 is also involved in various cellular processes by directly binding to a number of ligands, including adenosine deaminase, CD45, fibronectin, plasminogen, and caveolin-1. In recent years, many novel functions of DPP4, such as promoting fibrosis and mediating virus entry, have been discovered. Due to its implication in fibrotic response and immunoregulation, increasing studies are focusing on the potential role of DPP4 in inflammatory disorders. As a moonlighting protein, DPP4 possesses multiple functions in different types of cells, including both enzymatic and non-enzymatic functions. However, most of the review articles on the role of DPP4 in autoimmune disease were focused on the association between DPP4 enzymatic inhibitors and the risk of autoimmune disease. An updated comprehensive summary of DPP4’s immunoregulatory actions including both enzymatic dependent and independent functions is needed. In this article, we will review the recent advances of DPP4 in immune regulation and autoimmune rheumatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinlu Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shupei Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jixin Zhong, ; Xiaoquan Rao, ; Lingli Dong,
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jixin Zhong, ; Xiaoquan Rao, ; Lingli Dong,
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jixin Zhong, ; Xiaoquan Rao, ; Lingli Dong,
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6
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Jin K, Parreau S, Warrington KJ, Koster MJ, Berry GJ, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. Regulatory T Cells in Autoimmune Vasculitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844300. [PMID: 35296082 PMCID: PMC8918523 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are indispensable for host survival and are protected from inappropriate inflammation by immune privilege. This protection is lost in patients with autoimmune vasculitides, a heterogeneous group of diseases causing damage to arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. Vasculitis leads to vascular wall destruction and/or luminal occlusion, resulting in hemorrhage and tissue ischemia. Failure in the quantity and quality of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Treg) has been implicated in the breakdown of the vascular immune privilege. Emerging data suggest that Treg deficiencies are disease-specific, affecting distinct pathways in distinct vasculitides. Mechanistic studies have identified faulty CD8+ Tregs in Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), a vasculitis of the aorta and the large aortic branch vessels. Specifically, aberrant signaling through the NOTCH4 receptor expressed on CD8+ Treg cells leads to rerouting of intracellular vesicle trafficking and failure in the release of immunosuppressive exosomes, ultimately boosting inflammatory attack to medium and large arteries. In Kawasaki’s disease, a medium vessel vasculitis targeting the coronary arteries, aberrant expression of miR-155 and dysregulated STAT5 signaling have been implicated in undermining CD4+ Treg function. Explorations of mechanisms leading to insufficient immunosuppression and uncontrolled vascular inflammation hold the promise to discover novel therapeutic interventions that could potentially restore the immune privilege of blood vessels and pave the way for urgently needed innovations in vasculitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jin
- Department of Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Simon Parreau
- Department of Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Warrington
- Department of Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Matthew J. Koster
- Department of Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gerald J. Berry
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jörg J. Goronzy
- Department of Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Cornelia M. Weyand
- Department of Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Cornelia M. Weyand,
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7
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Obayomi A, Abo Zaken G, Miteva M. SnapshotDx Quiz: December 2021. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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The Serine Protease CD26/DPP4 in Non-Transformed and Malignant T Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235947. [PMID: 34885056 PMCID: PMC8657226 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The transmembrane serine protease CD26/Dipeptidylpeptidase 4 modulates T-cell activation, proliferation, and effector function. Due to their remarkable tumoricidal properties CD26-positive T cells are considered promising candidates for T cell-based immunotherapies while in cutaneous T cell lymphoma CD26/DPP4 expression patterns are established markers for diagnosis and possibly prognosis. With a focus on T cells, we review current knowledge on the regulation of CD26/DPP4 expression and release, its implication in T-cell effector function and the suitability CD26/DPP4 as a diagnostic and/or prognostic factor in T-cell malignancies. Abstract CD26/Dipeptidylpeptidase 4 is a transmembrane serine protease that cleaves off N-terminal dipeptides. CD26/DPP4 is expressed on several immune cell types including T and NK cells, dendritic cells, and activated B cells. A catalytically active soluble form of CD26/DPP4 can be released from the plasma membrane. Given its wide array of substrates and interaction partners CD26/DPP4 has been implicated in numerous biological processes and effects can be dependent or independent of its enzymatic activity and are exerted by the transmembrane protein and/or the soluble form. CD26/DPP4 has been implicated in the modulation of T-cell activation and proliferation and CD26/DPP4-positive T cells are characterized by remarkable anti-tumor properties rendering them interesting candidates for T cell-based immunotherapies. Moreover, especially in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma CD26/DPP4 expression patterns emerged as an established marker for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Surprisingly, besides a profound knowledge on substrates, interaction partners, and associated signal transduction pathways, the precise role of CD26/DPP4 for T cell-based immune responses is only partially understood.
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9
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Schneider E, Winzer R, Rissiek A, Ricklefs I, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Ricklefs FL, Bauche A, Behrends J, Reimer R, Brenna S, Wasielewski H, Lauten M, Rissiek B, Puig B, Cortesi F, Magnus T, Fliegert R, Müller CE, Gagliani N, Tolosa E. CD73-mediated adenosine production by CD8 T cell-derived extracellular vesicles constitutes an intrinsic mechanism of immune suppression. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5911. [PMID: 34625545 PMCID: PMC8501027 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells at sites of inflammation are continuously activated by local antigens and cytokines, and regulatory mechanisms must be enacted to control inflammation. The stepwise hydrolysis of extracellular ATP by ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 generates adenosine, a potent immune suppressor. Here we report that human effector CD8 T cells contribute to adenosine production by releasing CD73-containing extracellular vesicles upon activation. These extracellular vesicles have AMPase activity, and the resulting adenosine mediates immune suppression independently of regulatory T cells. In addition, we show that extracellular vesicles isolated from the synovial fluid of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis contribute to T cell suppression in a CD73-dependent manner. Our results suggest that the generation of adenosine upon T cell activation is an intrinsic mechanism of human effector T cells that complements regulatory T cell-mediated suppression in the inflamed tissue. Finally, our data underscore the role of immune cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the control of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enja Schneider
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Riekje Winzer
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Anne Rissiek
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabell Ricklefs
- Division of Pediatric Pneumology & Allergology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franz L Ricklefs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Bauche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Behrends
- Core Facility Fluorescence Cytometry, Research Center Borstel, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Rudolph Reimer
- Technology Platform Microscopy and Image Analysis, Heinrich Pette Institute/Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Santra Brenna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hauke Wasielewski
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melchior Lauten
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Björn Rissiek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Berta Puig
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Filippo Cortesi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Fliegert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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10
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Khuzwayo S, Mthembu M, Meermeier EW, Prakadan SM, Kazer SW, Bassett T, Nyamande K, Khan DF, Maharaj P, Mitha M, Suleman M, Mhlane Z, Ramjit D, Karim F, Shalek AK, Lewinsohn DM, Ndung'u T, Wong EB. MR1-Restricted MAIT Cells From The Human Lung Mucosal Surface Have Distinct Phenotypic, Functional, and Transcriptomic Features That Are Preserved in HIV Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631410. [PMID: 33897687 PMCID: PMC8062704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a class of innate-like T cells that utilize a semi-invariant αβ T cell receptor to recognize small molecule ligands produced by bacteria and fungi. Despite growing evidence that immune cells at mucosal surfaces are often phenotypically and functionally distinct from those in the peripheral circulation, knowledge about the characteristics of MAIT cells at the lung mucosal surface, the site of exposure to respiratory pathogens, is limited. HIV infection has been shown to have a profound effect on the number and function of MAIT cells in the peripheral blood, but its effect on lung mucosal MAIT cells is unknown. We examined the phenotypic, functional, and transcriptomic features of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related (MR1)-restricted MAIT cells from the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar compartments of otherwise healthy individuals with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection who were either HIV uninfected or HIV infected. Peripheral blood MAIT cells consistently co-expressed typical MAIT cell surface markers CD161 and CD26 in HIV-negative individuals, while paired bronchoalveolar MAIT cells displayed heterogenous expression of these markers. Bronchoalveolar MAIT cells produced lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ and expressed higher levels of co-inhibitory markers PD-1 and TIM-3 than peripheral MAIT cells. HIV infection resulted in decreased frequencies and pro-inflammatory function of peripheral blood MAIT cells, while in the bronchoalveolar compartment MAIT cell frequency was decreased but phenotype and function were not significantly altered. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis demonstrated greater heterogeneity among bronchoalveolar compared to peripheral blood MAIT cells and suggested a distinct subset in the bronchoalveolar compartment. The transcriptional features of this bronchoalveolar subset were associated with MAIT cell tissue repair functions. In summary, we found previously undescribed phenotypic and transcriptional heterogeneity of bronchoalveolar MAIT cells in HIV-negative people. In HIV infection, we found numeric depletion of MAIT cells in both anatomical compartments but preservation of the novel phenotypic and transcriptional features of bronchoalveolar MAIT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Khuzwayo
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Maphe Mthembu
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Erin W Meermeier
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sanjay M Prakadan
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES), Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Samuel W Kazer
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES), Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Thierry Bassett
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Kennedy Nyamande
- Department of Pulmonology, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Dilshaad Fakey Khan
- Department of Pulmonology, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Priya Maharaj
- Department of Pulmonology, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Mitha
- Department of Pulmonology, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Moosa Suleman
- Department of Pulmonology, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Zoey Mhlane
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Dirhona Ramjit
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Farina Karim
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Alex K Shalek
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES), Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - David M Lewinsohn
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Research, VA Portland Health Care Center, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Thumbi Ndung'u
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emily B Wong
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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11
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Pinheiro MM, Pinheiro FMM, Diniz SN, Fabbri A, Infante M. Combination of vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107518. [PMID: 33756226 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) represent the most common types of autoimmune diabetes and are characterized by different age of onset, degrees of immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells and rates of disease progression towards insulin dependence. Several immunotherapies aimed to counteract autoimmune responses against beta cells and preserve beta-cell function are currently being investigated, particularly in T1D. Preliminary findings suggest a potential role of combination therapy with vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) in preserving beta-cell function in autoimmune diabetes. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitors, as well as the rationale for investigation of their combined use as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Maia Pinheiro
- UNIVAG, University Center, Dom Orlando Chaves Ave, 2655 - Cristo Rei, Várzea Grande, 78118-000 Mato Grosso, Brazil; Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo - SP, 3305, Raimundo Pereira de Magalhães Ave., Pirituba, São Paulo, 05145-200 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Moura Maia Pinheiro
- Hospital de Base, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto FAMERP - SP, 5546, Brigadeiro Faria Lima Ave, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, 15015-500 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana Nogueira Diniz
- Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo - SP, 3305, Raimundo Pereira de Magalhães Ave., Pirituba, São Paulo, 05145-200 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Fabbri
- Diabetes Research Institute Federation (DRIF), Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CTO Andrea Alesini Hospital, ASL Roma 2, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via San Nemesio 21, 00145 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Infante
- Diabetes Research Institute Federation (DRIF), Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CTO Andrea Alesini Hospital, ASL Roma 2, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via San Nemesio 21, 00145 Rome, Italy; UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro, 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Via San Nemesio 21, 00145 Rome, Italy.
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12
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De Lorenzo R, Sciorati C, Monno A, Cavalli S, Bonomi F, Tronci S, Previtali S, Rovere-Querini P. Begelomab for severe refractory dermatomyositis: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24372. [PMID: 33655912 PMCID: PMC7939186 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Severe refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) represents a challenge for the clinician. The lack of efficacy of available tools reflects our incomplete insight into the molecular events sustaining the inflammatory tissue damage in these patients. We present the first case of refractory IIM treated with anti-dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)/cluster of differentiation 26 (CD26) monoclonal antibody. PATIENT CONCERNS A 55-year old man presented with proximal muscle weakness, diffuse erythematous skin lesions which rapidly evolved into ulcerations, dysphagia and dysphonia. DIAGNOSIS Increased serum creatine kinase levels and histological findings at muscle and skin biopsies were compatible with the diagnosis of dermatomyositis (DM). Several lines of treatment failed to control the disease including steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, intravenous immunoglobulins and rituximab. Despite therapy, the patient also had recurrent intestinal vasculitis causing bowel perforation. Concurrently, DPP-4/CD26 expression in the patient's skin and skeletal muscle was observed. INTERVENTIONS The patient was treated with begelomab, a murine immunoglobulin G2b monoclonal antibody against DPP-4/CD26. OUTCOMES Dysphagia, skin lesions and intestinal vasculitis resolved and the patient experienced a significant improvement of his quality of life. CONCLUSION Blockade of DPP-4/CD26, which is expressed on T cells and mediates T cell activation and function, is safe and might be effective in patients with refractory DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Sciorati
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
| | - Antonella Monno
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
| | | | | | - Stefano Tronci
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Previtali
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
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13
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Involvement of CD26 in Differentiation and Functions of Th1 and Th17 Subpopulations of T Lymphocytes. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6671410. [PMID: 33542930 PMCID: PMC7843192 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6671410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD26, acting as a costimulator of T cell activation, plays an important role in the immune system. However, the role of CD26 in the differentiation of T cell subsets, especially of new paradigms of T cells, such as Th17 and Tregs, is not fully clarified. In the present study, the role of CD26 in T cell differentiation was investigated in vitro. CD26 expression was analyzed in the different subsets of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes after solid-phase immobilized specific anti-CD3 mAb stimulation. Here, the percentage of CD4+ cells significantly increased and most of these cells were coexpressed with CD26, suggesting a close correlation of CD26 expression with the proliferation of CD4+ cells. Subsequently, after immobilized anti-CD3 mAb stimulation, CD26 high-expressing cells (CD26high) were separated from CD26 low-expressing cells (CD26low) by magnetic cell sorting. We found that the percentages of cells secreting Th1 typical cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ) and Th17 typical cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, and IL-22) or expressing Th17 typical biomarkers (IL-23R, CD161, and CD196) in the CD26high group were markedly higher than in those in the CD26low group. In addition, a coexpression of CD26 with IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23R in lymphocytes was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy. These results provide direct evidence that the high expression of CD26 is accompanied by the differentiation of T lymphocytes into Th1 and Th17, indicating that CD26 plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response.
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14
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Muramatsu K, Zheng M, Yoshimoto N, Ito T, Ujiie I, Iwata H, Shimizu H, Ujiie H. Regulatory T cell subsets in bullous pemphigoid and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor-associated bullous pemphigoid. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 100:23-30. [PMID: 32843228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an essential role in peripheral immune tolerance. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common blistering disease and is caused by autoantibodies to two BP antigens: type XVII collagen and BP230. Recently, we reported that Treg cell dysfunction may cause the production of autoantibodies to BP antigens. Several studies have suggested an association between Treg cells and BP pathogenesis. However, Treg cells are heterogeneous in humans, leading to inconsistent results in previous studies. OBJECTIVE To assess functional Treg subsets in BP. METHODS We examined three distinct Treg subsets in conventional BP (cBP) patients before versus after systemic corticosteroid treatment, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor-associated BP (DPP-4i-BP) patients, younger controls and older controls. RESULTS We found that total Treg cells and all Treg cell subsets were increased in cBP patients before treatment and decreased by systemic corticosteroid treatment. In contrast, neither total Treg cells nor all Treg subsets were increased in DPP-4i-BP. Notably, CD45RA- Foxp3hi effector Treg cells positively correlated with disease severity in cBP, whereas CD45RA+Foxp3lo naïve Treg cells positively correlated with the disease severity in DPP-4i-BP. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that Treg cells are differently involved in the pathogeneses of cBP and DPP-4i-BP.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Autoantibodies/metabolism
- Autoantigens/immunology
- CD4 Lymphocyte Count
- Case-Control Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Dystonin/immunology
- Female
- Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage
- Healthy Volunteers
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Non-Fibrillar Collagens/immunology
- Pemphigoid, Bullous/blood
- Pemphigoid, Bullous/chemically induced
- Pemphigoid, Bullous/diagnosis
- Pemphigoid, Bullous/immunology
- Severity of Illness Index
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Collagen Type XVII
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Muramatsu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miao Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Inkin Ujiie
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iwata
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ujiie
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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15
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Kaboli PJ, Zhang L, Xiang S, Shen J, Li M, Zhao Y, Wu X, Zhao Q, Zhang H, Lin L, Yin J, Wu Y, Wan L, Yi T, Li X, Cho CH, Li J, Xiao Z, Wen Q. Molecular Markers of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy with Special Focus on Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - A Systematic Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4673-4698. [PMID: 31584362 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191004164041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The next-generation immunotherapy can only be effective if researchers have an in-depth understanding of the function and regulation of Treg cells in antitumor immunity combined with the discovery of new immunity targets. This can enhance clinical efficacy of future and novel therapies and reduces any adverse reactions arising from the latter. This review discusses tumor treatment strategies using regulatory T (Treg) cell therapy in a Tumor Microenvironment (TME). It also discusses factors affecting TME instability as well as relevant treatments to prevent future immune disorders. It is prognosticated that PD-1 inhibitors are risky and their adverse effects should be taken into account when they are administered to treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), lung adenocarcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma. In contrast, Treg molecular markers FoxP3 and CD25 analyzed here have stronger expression in almost all kinds of cancers compared with normal people. However, CD25 inhibitors are more effective compared to FoxP3 inhibitors, especially in combination with TGF-β blockade, in predicting patient survival. According to the data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas, we then concentrate on AML immunotherapy and discuss different therapeutic strategies including anti-CD25/IL-2, anti-CTLA-4, anti-IDO, antityrosine kinase receptor, and anti-PI3K therapies and highlight the recent advances and clinical achievements in AML immunotherapy. In order to prognosticate the risk and adverse effects of key target inhibitors (namely against CTLA-4, FoxP3, CD25, and PD-1), we finally analyzed and compared the Cancer Genome Atlas derived from ten common cancers. This review shows that Treg cells are strongly increased in AML and the comparative review of key markers shows that Tregbased immunotherapy is not effective for all kinds of cancer. Therefore, blocking CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cells is suggested in AML more than other kinds of cancer; meanwhile, Treg markers studied in other cancers have also great lessons for AML immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Shixin Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Jianhua Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanlin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Wan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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16
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Sun J, Chu S, Lu M, Pan Q, Li D, Zheng S, Ma L. The roles of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and its inhibitors in the regulation of airway epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Exp Lung Res 2020; 46:163-173. [PMID: 32292085 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1753853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), also known as CD26, is a transmembrane glycoprotein with peptidase activity expressed on epithelial cells and some immune cells. It also occurs as a soluble form. Studies have revealed that the expression level of lymphocyte sCD26/sDPP4 was elevated in the asthmatic patients. Airway remodeling increases in asthma severity and these structural changes include, amongst others, the loss of epithelial integrity because of cell shedding, goblet cell hyperplasia, destruction of ciliated cells, and EMT. So we try to find whether sCD26/sDPP4 has a role in pathological/dysregulated transition from bronchial epithelial cells into fibroblasts cells in response to TGFβ1 exposure in vitro. Therefore, our purpose in the present work was to identify the role of sCD26/sDPP4 in airway EMT regulation. Methods: The EMT cell model was established based on human 16HBE cells. The effects of sCD26/sDPP4 and its inhibitors on airway EMT and that of sCD26/sDPP4 on Th17/IL-17 and its role in airway EMT were investigated in vitro. Results: The mRNA and protein level of E-Cadherin decreased after the treatment of TGF-β1 in 16HBE cells, while α-SMA was up-regulated. The level of E-Cadherin was significantly down-regulated after the sCD26/sDPP4 stimulation, and that of α-SMA was dramatically elevated. DPP4 inhibitors promoted the level of E-cadherin and inhibited that of α-SMA. Additionally, in the DPP4-treated IL-17 cells group, E-Cadherin was markedly down-regulated at the mRNA and protein level, while α-SMA was reversely up-regulated. Conclusion: The TGF-β1-induced EMT of human bronchial epithelial cells could be promoted by sCD26/sDPP4. The suppression of EMT in human bronchial epithelial cells was achieved by DPP4 inhibitor, and the TGF-β1-mediated EMT of human airway cells was promoted by the synergy of IL-17 and sCD26/sDPP4 in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guilin, China
| | - Shuyuan Chu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guilin, China
| | - Minyan Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guilin, China
| | - Qilu Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guilin, China
| | - Daofu Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guilin, China
| | - Shaojie Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guilin, China
| | - Libing Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guilin, China
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17
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Nieto-Fontarigo JJ, González-Barcala FJ, San José E, Arias P, Nogueira M, Salgado FJ. CD26 and Asthma: a Comprehensive Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2019; 56:139-160. [PMID: 27561663 PMCID: PMC7090975 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-016-8578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous and chronic inflammatory family of disorders of the airways with increasing prevalence that results in recurrent and reversible bronchial obstruction and expiratory airflow limitation. These diseases arise from the interaction between environmental and genetic factors, which collaborate to cause increased susceptibility and severity. Many asthma susceptibility genes are linked to the immune system or encode enzymes like metalloproteases (e.g., ADAM-33) or serine proteases. The S9 family of serine proteases (prolyl oligopeptidases) is capable to process peptide bonds adjacent to proline, a kind of cleavage-resistant peptide bonds present in many growth factors, chemokines or cytokines that are important for asthma. Curiously, two serine proteases within the S9 family encoded by genes located on chromosome 2 appear to have a role in asthma: CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and DPP10. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about CD26 and to provide a structured overview of the numerous functions and implications that this versatile enzyme could have in this disease, especially after the detection of some secondary effects (e.g., viral nasopharyngitis) in type II diabetes mellitus patients (a subset with a certain risk of developing obesity-related asthma) upon CD26 inhibitory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Nieto-Fontarigo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology-Biological Research Centre (CIBUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J González-Barcala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology-Biological Research Centre (CIBUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Respiratory Department, Clinic University Hospital (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Esther San José
- Clinical Analysis Service, Clinic University Hospital (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pilar Arias
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology-Biological Research Centre (CIBUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montserrat Nogueira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology-Biological Research Centre (CIBUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J Salgado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology-Biological Research Centre (CIBUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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18
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Seong JM, Yee J, Gwak HS. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors lower the risk of autoimmune disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 85:1719-1727. [PMID: 30964554 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the real-world effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) on the incidence of autoimmune diseases (AD), including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. METHODS We identified new users of DPP4i (n = 497 619) or non-DPP4i (n = 643 165) oral combination therapy between 1 January 2011 and 30 June 2015 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Korean national health insurance claims database. Patients were followed from the date of initiation of combination therapy until AD outcome, censoring for treatment discontinuation or switching, death or end of study (31 August 2016). Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for RA, inflammatory bowel diseases, other AD (multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus), and the composite of all outcomes were estimated using propensity score (PS)-adjusted Cox model. RESULTS In the PS-weighted and PS-matched analysis, the risk of incident RA was decreased for DPP4i initiators compared with non-DPP4i initiators (aHR 0.67 [95% CI 0.49-0.92] and aHR 0.72 [95% CI 0.51-1.01], respectively). In both analyses, the risk of incident composite AD was also decreased for DPP4i initiators compared with non-DPP4i initiators (aHR 0.82 [95% CI 0.68-0.99] and aHR 0.76 [95% CI 0.62-0.93], respectively). CONCLUSIONS In this large population-based cohort study, upfront DPP4i combination therapy was associated with a lower risk of composite AD compared with initial non-DPP4i combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Mi Seong
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Yee
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Sun Gwak
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Expansion of different subpopulations of CD26 -/low T cells in allergic and non-allergic asthmatics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7556. [PMID: 31101830 PMCID: PMC6525268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD26 displays variable levels between effector (TH17 ≫ TH1 > TH2 > Treg) and naïve/memory (memory > naïve) CD4+ T lymphocytes. Besides, IL-6/IL−6R is associated with TH17-differentiation and asthma severity. Allergic/atopic asthma (AA) is dominated by TH2 responses, while TH17 immunity might either modulate the TH2-dependent inflammation in AA or be an important mechanism boosting non-allergic asthma (NAA). Therefore, in this work we have compared the expression of CD26 and CD126 (IL-6Rα) in lymphocytes from different groups of donors: allergic (AA) and non-allergic (NAA) asthma, rhinitis, and healthy subjects. For this purpose, flow cytometry, haematological/biochemical, and in vitro proliferation assays were performed. Our results show a strong CD26-CD126 correlation and an over-representation of CD26− subsets with a highly-differentiated effector phenotype in AA (CD4+CD26−/low T cells) and NAA (CD4−CD26− γδ-T cells). In addition, we found that circulating levels of CD26 (sCD26) were reduced in both AA and NAA, while loss of CD126 expression on different leukocytes correlated with higher disease severity. Finally, selective inhibition of CD26-mRNA translation led to enhanced T cell proliferation in vitro. These findings support that CD26 down-modulation could play a role in facilitating the expansion of highly-differentiated effector T cell subsets in asthma.
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Kridin K, Amber K, Khamaisi M, Comaneshter D, Batat E, Cohen AD. Is there an association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and autoimmune disease? A population-based study. Immunol Res 2019; 66:425-430. [PMID: 29855994 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-018-9005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The association of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) with autoimmune diseases is controversial. While these agents were proposed as a novel therapeutic approach for several inflammatory diseases by blocking T cell proliferation and cytokine production, they were found to trigger inflammatroy bowel disease, inflammatory arthritis and bullous pemphigoid. Our objective is to examine the association between DPP4i and autoimmune diseases. This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study utilizing the database of Clalit Health Services. The prevalence of 15 autoimmune-/immune-mediated diseases was compared between patients on DPP4i treatment and age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched controls. Univariate analysis was performed using chi-square and the Student t test and multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model. The study included 283 patients treated with DPP4i agents and 5660 age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched diabetic control subjects. The prevalence of Crohn's disease (1.1 vs. 0.3%; odds ratios (OR), 3.56; 95% CI, 1.04-12.21, P = 0.031), psoriasis (2.5 vs. 1.2%; OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 0.99-4.66; P = 0.050), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (16.6 vs. 12.6%; OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.00-1.91; P = 0.049) was significantly higher in patients on DPP4i treatment than in controls. The prevalence of the remaining autoimmune diseases did not differ significantly between DPP4i-treated patients and their matched control subjects. In conclusion, this population-based study demonstrates an association of DPP4i intake with three autoimmune and inflammatory diseases noted to be part of a distinct autoimmune cluster that includes multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, thyroiditis, bullous pemphigoid, and inflammatory bowel disease. Experimental studies are required to define the role of DPP4i in this autoimmune cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalaf Kridin
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, POB 9602, 31096, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Kyle Amber
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mogher Khamaisi
- Internal Medicine D and Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Doron Comaneshter
- Department of Quality Measurements and Research, Chief Physician's Office, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Erez Batat
- Department of Quality Measurements and Research, Chief Physician's Office, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arnon D Cohen
- Department of Quality Measurements and Research, Chief Physician's Office, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Siaal Research Center for Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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21
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Casrouge A, Sauer AV, Barreira da Silva R, Tejera-Alhambra M, Sánchez-Ramón S, ICAReB, Cancrini C, Ingersoll MA, Aiuti A, Albert ML. Lymphocytes are a major source of circulating soluble dipeptidyl peptidase 4. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 194:166-179. [PMID: 30251416 PMCID: PMC6194339 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4, CD26) is a serine protease that is expressed constitutively by many haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic tissues. It exists as a membrane-associated protein, as well as in an active, soluble form (herein called sDPP4), present at high concentrations in bodily fluids. Despite the proposed use of sDPP4 as a biomarker for multiple diseases, its cellular sources are not well defined. Here, we report that individuals with congenital lymphocyte immunodeficiency had markedly lower serum concentrations of sDPP4, which were restored upon successful treatment and restoration of lymphocyte haematopoiesis. Using irradiated lymphopenic mice and wild-type to Dpp4-/- reciprocal bone marrow chimeric animals, we found that haematopoietic cells were a major source of circulating sDPP4. Furthermore, activation of human and mouse T lymphocytes resulted in increased sDPP4, providing a mechanistic link between immune system activation and sDPP4 concentration. Finally, we observed that acute viral infection induced a transient increase in sDPP4, which correlated with the expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Our study demonstrates that sDPP4 concentrations are determined by the frequency and activation state of lymphocyte populations. Insights from these studies will support the use of sDPP4 concentration as a biomarker for inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Casrouge
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - A V Sauer
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - R Barreira da Silva
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Tejera-Alhambra
- Servicio de Inmunología. Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Sánchez-Ramón
- Servicio de Inmunología. Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - ICAReB
- IcareB Platform of the Center for Translational Science, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - C Cancrini
- Ospedale Pediatrico, Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Childrens' Hospital Bambino Gesù-University of Torvergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M A Ingersoll
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - A Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M L Albert
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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22
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Pinheiro MM, Pinheiro FMM, Trabachin ML. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) combined with vitamin D3: An exploration to treat new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in the future. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 57:11-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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23
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Delayed allogeneic skin graft rejection in CD26-deficient mice. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 16:557-567. [PMID: 29572550 PMCID: PMC6804736 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation is an effective therapeutic tool for treating many terminal diseases. However, one of the biggest challenges of transplantation is determining how to achieve the long-term survival of the allogeneic or xenogeneic transplant by, for example, preventing transplant rejection. In the current study, CD26 gene-knockout mice were used to investigate the potential role of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPPIV) in allogeneic skin graft rejection by tail-skin transplantation. Compared with wild-type (CD26+/+) counterparts, CD26-/- mice showed reduced necrosis of grafts and delayed graft rejection after skin transplantation. Concentrations of serum IgG, including its subclasses IgG1 and IgG2a, were significantly reduced in CD26-/- mice during graft rejection. Moreover, after allogeneic skin transplantation, the secretion levels of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-13 were significantly reduced, whereas the level of the cytokine IL-10 was increased in the serum of CD26-/- mice compared with that in the serum of CD26+/+ mice. Additionally, the concentration of IL-17 in serum and the percentage of cells secreting IL-17 in mouse peripheral blood lymphocytes (MPBLs) were both significantly lower, while the percentage of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was significantly higher in MPBLs of CD26-/- mice than in those of CD26+/+ mice. Furthermore, a lower percentage of CD8+ T cells in MPBLs and fewer infiltrated macrophages and T cells in graft tissues of CD26-/- mice were detected during graft rejection. These results indicate that CD26 is involved in allogeneic skin graft rejection and provides another hint that CD26 deficiency leads to less rejection due to lower activation and proliferation of host immune cells.
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24
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GARP: a surface molecule of regulatory T cells that is involved in the regulatory function and TGF-β releasing. Oncotarget 2018; 7:42826-42836. [PMID: 27095576 PMCID: PMC5173174 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many molecules that define regulatory T cells (Tregs) phenotypically and functionally. Glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) is a transmembrane protein containing leucine rich repeats. Recently, GARP is found to express highly on the surface of activated Tregs. The combination of GARP and other surface molecules isolates Tregs with higher purity. Besides, GARP is a cell surface molecule of Tregs that maintains their regulatory function and homeosatsis. GARP has also been proved to promote the activation and secretion of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Moreover, its potential value in cancer immunotherapy is also discussed in this work.
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25
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Liu Y, Li Y, Gong Y, Yu N, Zhang Y, You R, Qu C, Lu G, Huang Y, Gao Y, Gao Y, Guo X. CD26 expression is down-regulated on CD8+ T cells in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 54:280-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Bailey SR, Nelson MH, Majchrzak K, Bowers JS, Wyatt MM, Smith AS, Neal LR, Shirai K, Carpenito C, June CH, Zilliox MJ, Paulos CM. Human CD26 high T cells elicit tumor immunity against multiple malignancies via enhanced migration and persistence. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1961. [PMID: 29213079 PMCID: PMC5719008 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T lymphocytes mediate potent immune responses against tumor, but the role of human CD4+ T cell subsets in cancer immunotherapy remains ill-defined. Herein, we exhibit that CD26 identifies three T helper subsets with distinct immunological properties in both healthy individuals and cancer patients. Although CD26neg T cells possess a regulatory phenotype, CD26int T cells are mainly naive and CD26high T cells appear terminally differentiated and exhausted. Paradoxically, CD26high T cells persist in and regress multiple solid tumors following adoptive cell transfer. Further analysis revealed that CD26high cells have a rich chemokine receptor profile (including CCR2 and CCR5), profound cytotoxicity (Granzyme B and CD107A), resistance to apoptosis (c-KIT and Bcl2), and enhanced stemness (β-catenin and Lef1). These properties license CD26high T cells with a natural capacity to traffic to, regress and survive in solid tumors. Collectively, these findings identify CD4+ T cell subsets with properties critical for improving cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie R Bailey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Michelle H Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Aptevo Therapeutics, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Kinga Majchrzak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-787, Poland
| | - Jacob S Bowers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Megan M Wyatt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Aubrey S Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Lillian R Neal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Keisuke Shirai
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 02714, USA
| | - Carmine Carpenito
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Eli Lilly and Company, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Carl H June
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Zilliox
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Chrystal M Paulos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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27
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Fasching P, Stradner M, Graninger W, Dejaco C, Fessler J. Therapeutic Potential of Targeting the Th17/Treg Axis in Autoimmune Disorders. Molecules 2017; 22:E134. [PMID: 28098832 PMCID: PMC6155880 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A disruption of the crucial balance between regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and Th17-cells was recently implicated in various autoimmune disorders. Tregs are responsible for the maintenance of self-tolerance, thus inhibiting autoimmunity, whereas pro-inflammatory Th17-cells contribute to the induction and propagation of inflammation. Distortion of the Th17/Treg balance favoring the pro-inflammatory Th17 side is hence suspected to contribute to exacerbation of autoimmune disorders. This review aims to summarize recent data and advances in targeted therapeutic modification of the Th17/Treg-balance, as well as information on the efficacy of candidate therapeutics with respect to the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/genetics
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/pathology
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
- Inflammation
- Interleukin-17/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-17/genetics
- Interleukin-17/immunology
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/immunology
- Piperidines/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Pyrroles/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- Th17 Cells/drug effects
- Th17 Cells/immunology
- Th17 Cells/pathology
- Ustekinumab/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Fasching
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Stradner
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Winfried Graninger
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Christian Dejaco
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Johannes Fessler
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria.
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28
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Sitagliptin inhibit human lymphocytes proliferation and Th1/Th17 differentiation in vitro. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 100:17-24. [PMID: 28065853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a new class of anti-diabetic agents that are widely used in clinical practice to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. DPP-4 is also known as lymphocyte cell surface protein, CD26, and plays an important role in T-cell immunity. Recent studies suggest that DPP-4 inhibitors improve beta-cell function and attenuate autoimmunity in type 1 diabetic mouse models. To investigate the direct effect of DPP4 in immune response, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy volunteers were obtained by Ficoll gradient and cultivated in the absence (control) or presence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA), or stimulated with PHA and treated with sitagliptin. The immune modulation mechanisms analyzed were: cell proliferation, by MTT assay; cytokine quantification by ELISA or cytometric bead array (CBA), Th1/Th2/Th17 phenotyping by flow cytometric analysis and CD26 gene expression by real time PCR. The results showed that sitagliptin treatment inhibited the proliferation of PBMC-PHA stimulated cells in a dose dependent manner and decreased CD26 expression by these cells, suggesting that sitagliptin may interfere in CD26 expression, dimerization and cell signaling. Sitagliptin treatment not only inhibited IL-10 (p<0.05) and IFN-gamma (p=0.07) cytokines, but also completely abolish IL-6 expression by PBMCs (p<0.001). On the other hand, IL-4 were secreted in culture supernatants from sitagliptin treated cells. A statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in the ratio of TGF-beta/proliferation index after sitagliptin treatment (2627.97±1351.65), when comparing to untreated cells (646.28±376.94), was also demonstrated, indicating higher TGF-beta1 production by viable cells in cultures. Sitagliptin treatment induced a significantly (p<0.05) decrease in IL-17 and IFN-gamma intracellular expression compared with PHA alone. Also, the percentage of T CD4+IL-17+, T CD4+IFNgamma+ and T CD4+IL-4+ cells were significantly reduced (p<0.05) by sitagliptin. Our data demonstrated an immunosuppressive effect of sitagliptin on Th1, Th17 and Th2 lymphocytes differentiation that leads to the generation of regulatory TGF-beta1 secreting cells with low CD26 gene expression that may influence the state of pancreatic beta-cells and controlling DM1 patients.
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29
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Klemann C, Wagner L, Stephan M, von Hörsten S. Cut to the chase: a review of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-4's (DPP4) entanglement in the immune system. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 185:1-21. [PMID: 26919392 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD26/DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4/DP4/DPPIV) is a surface T cell activation antigen and has been shown to have DPP4 enzymatic activity, cleaving-off amino-terminal dipeptides with either L-proline or L-alanine at the penultimate position. It plays a major role in glucose metabolism by N-terminal truncation and inactivation of the incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP) and gastric inhibitory protein (GIP). In 2006, DPP4 inhibitors have been introduced to clinics and have been demonstrated to efficiently enhance the endogenous insulin secretion via prolongation of the half-life of GLP-1 and GIP in patients. However, a large number of studies demonstrate clearly that CD26/DPP4 also plays an integral role in the immune system, particularly in T cell activation. Therefore, inhibition of DPP4 might represent a double-edged sword. Apart from the metabolic benefit, the associated immunological effects of long term DPP4 inhibition on regulatory processes such as T cell homeostasis, maturation and activation are not understood fully at this stage. The current data point to an important role for CD26/DPP4 in maintaining lymphocyte composition and function, T cell activation and co-stimulation, memory T cell generation and thymic emigration patterns during immune-senescence. In rodents, critical immune changes occur at baseline levels as well as after in-vitro and in-vivo challenge. In patients receiving DPP4 inhibitors, evidence of immunological side effects also became apparent. The scope of this review is to recapitulate the role of CD26/DPP4 in the immune system regarding its pharmacological inhibition and T cell-dependent immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Klemann
- Center of Pediatric Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, University Medical Center Freiburg
| | - L Wagner
- Deutschsprachige Selbsthilfegruppe für Alkaptonurie (DSAKU) e.V.,Department for Experimental Therapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Stephan
- Clinic for Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - S von Hörsten
- Department for Experimental Therapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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30
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Wen Z, Shimojima Y, Shirai T, Li Y, Ju J, Yang Z, Tian L, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. NADPH oxidase deficiency underlies dysfunction of aged CD8+ Tregs. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:1953-67. [PMID: 27088800 DOI: 10.1172/jci84181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune aging results in progressive loss of both protective immunity and T cell-mediated suppression, thereby conferring susceptibility to a combination of immunodeficiency and chronic inflammatory disease. Here, we determined that older individuals fail to generate immunosuppressive CD8+CCR7+ Tregs, a defect that is even more pronounced in the age-related vasculitic syndrome giant cell arteritis. In young, healthy individuals, CD8+CCR7+ Tregs are localized in T cell zones of secondary lymphoid organs, suppress activation and expansion of CD4 T cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of membrane-proximal signaling molecules, and effectively inhibit proliferative expansion of CD4 T cells in vitro and in vivo. We identified deficiency of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) as the molecular underpinning of CD8 Treg failure in the older individuals and in patients with giant cell arteritis. CD8 Tregs suppress by releasing exosomes that carry preassembled NOX2 membrane clusters and are taken up by CD4 T cells. Overexpression of NOX2 in aged CD8 Tregs promptly restored suppressive function. Together, our data support NOX2 as a critical component of the suppressive machinery of CD8 Tregs and suggest that repairing NOX2 deficiency in these cells may protect older individuals from tissue-destructive inflammatory disease, such as large-vessel vasculitis.
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31
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Fang F, Yu M, Cavanagh MM, Hutter Saunders J, Qi Q, Ye Z, Le Saux S, Sultan W, Turgano E, Dekker CL, Tian L, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. Expression of CD39 on Activated T Cells Impairs their Survival in Older Individuals. Cell Rep 2016; 14:1218-1231. [PMID: 26832412 PMCID: PMC4851554 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In an immune response, CD4+ T cells expand into effector T cells and then contract to survive as long-lived memory cells. To identify age-associated defects in memory cell formation, we profiled activated CD4+ T cells and found an increased induction of the ATPase CD39 with age. CD39+ CD4+ T cells resembled effector T cells with signs of metabolic stress and high susceptibility to undergo apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of ATPase activity dampened effector cell differentiation and improved survival, suggesting that CD39 activity influences T cell fate. Individuals carrying a low-expressing CD39 variant responded better to vaccination with an increase in vaccine-specific memory T cells. Increased inducibility of CD39 after activation may contribute to the impaired vaccine response with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Fang
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Mingcan Yu
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Mary M Cavanagh
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jessica Hutter Saunders
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Qian Qi
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Zhongde Ye
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Sabine Le Saux
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - William Sultan
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Emerson Turgano
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Cornelia L Dekker
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lu Tian
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jörg J Goronzy
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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Hua J, Davis SP, Hill JA, Yamagata T. Diverse Gene Expression in Human Regulatory T Cell Subsets Uncovers Connection between Regulatory T Cell Genes and Suppressive Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:3642-53. [PMID: 26371251 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells have a critical role in the control of immunity, and their diverse subpopulations may allow adaptation to different types of immune responses. In this study, we analyzed human Treg cell subpopulations in the peripheral blood by performing genome-wide expression profiling of 40 Treg cell subsets from healthy donors. We found that the human peripheral blood Treg cell population is comprised of five major genomic subgroups, represented by 16 tractable subsets with a particular cell surface phenotype. These subsets possess a range of suppressive function and cytokine secretion and can exert a genomic footprint on target effector T (Teff) cells. Correlation analysis of variability in gene expression in the subsets identified several cell surface molecules associated with Treg suppressive function, and pharmacological interrogation revealed a set of genes having causative effect. The five genomic subgroups of Treg cells imposed a preserved pattern of gene expression on Teff cells, with a varying degree of genes being suppressed or induced. Notably, there was a cluster of genes induced by Treg cells that bolstered an autoinhibitory effect in Teff cells, and this induction appears to be governed by a different set of genes than ones involved in counteracting Teff activation. Our work shows an example of exploiting the diversity within human Treg cell subpopulations to dissect Treg cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Tempero Discovery Performance Unit, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Scott P Davis
- Tempero Discovery Performance Unit, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jonathan A Hill
- Tempero Discovery Performance Unit, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Tetsuya Yamagata
- Tempero Discovery Performance Unit, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Cambridge, MA 02139
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Naval-Macabuhay I, Casanova V, Navarro G, García F, León A, Miralles L, Rovira C, Martinez-Navio JM, Gallart T, Mallol J, Gatell JM, Lluís C, Franco R, McCormick PJ, Climent N. Adenosine deaminase regulates Treg expression in autologous T cell-dendritic cell cocultures from patients infected with HIV-1. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:349-59. [PMID: 26310829 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a1214-580rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells have an important role in immune suppression during HIV-1 infection. As regulatory T cells produce the immunomodulatory molecule adenosine, our aim here was to assess the potential of adenosine removal to revert the suppression of anti-HIV responses exerted by regulatory T cells. The experimental setup consisted of ex vivo cocultures of T and dendritic cells, to which adenosine deaminase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes adenosine, was added. In cells from healthy individuals, adenosine hydrolysis decreased CD4(+)CD25(hi) regulatory T cells. Addition of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine, an adenosine receptor agonist, significantly decreased CD4(+)CD25(lo) cells, confirming a modulatory role of adenosine acting via adenosine receptors. In autologous cocultures of T cells with HIV-1-pulsed dendritic cells, addition of adenosine deaminase led to a significant decrease of HIV-1-induced CD4(+)CD25(hi) forkhead box p3(+) cells and to a significant enhancement of the HIV-1-specific CD4(+) responder T cells. An increase in the effector response was confirmed by the enhanced production of CD4(+) and CD8(+) CD25(-)CD45RO(+) memory cell generation and secretion of Th1 cytokines, including IFN-γ and IL-15 and chemokines MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5. These ex vivo results show, in a physiologically relevant model, that adenosine deaminase is able to enhance HIV-1 effector responses markedly. The possibility to revert regulatory T cell-mediated inhibition of immune responses by use of adenosine deaminase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes adenosine, merits attention for restoring T lymphocyte function in HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Naval-Macabuhay
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Víctor Casanova
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Navarro
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Felipe García
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Agathe León
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Laia Miralles
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Rovira
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - José M Martinez-Navio
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Gallart
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Josefa Mallol
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - José M Gatell
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Carme Lluís
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Franco
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J McCormick
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Núria Climent
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-AIDS Research Group and Catalonian Center for HIV Vaccines, Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit and Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
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Waumans Y, Baerts L, Kehoe K, Lambeir AM, De Meester I. The Dipeptidyl Peptidase Family, Prolyl Oligopeptidase, and Prolyl Carboxypeptidase in the Immune System and Inflammatory Disease, Including Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2015; 6:387. [PMID: 26300881 PMCID: PMC4528296 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Research from over the past 20 years has implicated dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV and its family members in many processes and different pathologies of the immune system. Most research has been focused on either DPPIV or just a few of its family members. It is, however, essential to consider the entire DPP family when discussing any one of its members. There is a substantial overlap between family members in their substrate specificity, inhibitors, and functions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the role of prolyl-specific peptidases DPPIV, FAP, DPP8, DPP9, dipeptidyl peptidase II, prolyl carboxypeptidase, and prolyl oligopeptidase in the immune system and its diseases. We highlight possible therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, a condition that lies at the frontier between inflammation and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Waumans
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Lesley Baerts
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Kaat Kehoe
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Lambeir
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Ingrid De Meester
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
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Zóka A, Barna G, Somogyi A, Műzes G, Oláh Á, Al-Aissa Z, Hadarits O, Kiss K, Firneisz G. Extension of the CD4⁺Foxp3⁺CD25(-/low) regulatory T-cell subpopulation in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Autoimmunity 2014; 48:289-97. [PMID: 25523632 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2014.992518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T-cells (Treg) have a crucial role in limiting physiologic autoreactivity. Foxp3 is a master regulator transcription factor of Treg differentiation and active Treg cells express high levels of IL-2 receptor α-chain (CD25). The aim of our study was to assess the key markers of Treg cell function in type 1 diabetic (T1DM) and control subjects by flow cytometry. The proportion of CD25(-/low) cells among CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells was higher in T1DM patients that might suggest a shifted proportion of the incomplete/reserve and the fully active (CD4(+)Foxp3(+)CD25(+)) Treg cell subpopulations in T1DM, similarly to other Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases. In addition to the decreased expression of CD25 and CTLA-4 in T1DM patients, a positive correlation was observed between the CD25 expression on CD4(+) and the CTLA-4 expression in CD8(-) T-lymphocytes both in the T1DM and in the healthy control group. Our results suggest an impaired balance of CD25(+) and CD25(-/low) Treg cells in T1DM which might reflect a decreased late phase peripheral Treg activation even in patients with a mean disease duration of more than a decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Zóka
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
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Garcia Santana CA, Tung JW, Gulnik S. Human treg cells are characterized by low/negative CD6 expression. Cytometry A 2014; 85:901-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - James W. Tung
- Life Science Global Application and Reagent Development; Beckman Coulter Inc.; Miami Florida 33196
| | - Sergei Gulnik
- Life Science Research; Beckman Coulter Inc.; Miami Florida 33196
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Chaudhary B, Abd Al Samid M, al-Ramadi BK, Elkord E. Phenotypic alterations, clinical impact and therapeutic potential of regulatory T cells in cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:931-45. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.900539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Di Gaetano R, Gasparetto V, Padoan A, Callegari B, Candiotto L, Sanzari MC, Scapinello A, Tagariello G. Flow cytometry CD4+CD26−CD38+ lymphocyte subset in the microenvironment of Hodgkin lymphoma-affected lymph nodes. Ann Hematol 2014; 93:1319-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests that FOXP3(+)CD25(high)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) which accumulate in cancer may have beneficial or unfavorable effects on prognosis. The presence in tumor-associated inflammatory infiltrates of two subsets of Treg with distinct phenotypic and functional profiles might explain these conflicting observations. AREAS COVERED Human inducible (i) Treg arising by tumor-driven conversion of conventional CD4(+) T cells are highly suppressive, therapy-resistant Treg which down-regulate anti-tumor immune responses, promoting tumor growth. Natural (n) Treg, normally responsible for maintaining peripheral tolerance, control cancer-associated inflammation, which favors tumor progression. This division of labor between nTreg and iTreg is not absolute, and overlap may be common. Nevertheless, iTreg play a critical and major role in cancer and cancer therapy. The tumor microenvironment determines the type, frequency and suppression levels of accumulating Treg. EXPERT OPINION In cancer, a selective removal or silencing of iTreg and not of nTreg should be a therapeutic goal. However, the implementation of this challenging strategy requires further studies of cellular and molecular crosstalk among immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L Whiteside
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pathology, Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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