1
|
Malignant Self-Regard in clinical outpatient samples. Psychiatry Res 2018; 266:253-261. [PMID: 29605102 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
While the malignant self-regard construct and a corresponding questionnaire, the Malignant Self-Regard Questionnaire (MSRQ; Huprich, 2011) have been empirically evaluated in several non-clinical samples, it has yet to be evaluated in a clinical population. In this study, 139 outpatients in the Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (n = 83) and Internal Medicine (n = 57) were administered the MSRQ and a number other measures to assess its construct and incremental validity. The MSRQ was internally consistent in both samples, and was positively correlated with four dimensions of levels of personality functioning, DSM-5 personality trait domains, overdependence, detachment, insecure attachment, and general perceptions of physical and mental well-being. Furthermore, the MSRQ incrementally predicated variance in levels of personality functioning, interpersonal dependency, and general perceptions of physical and mental well-being above and beyond DSM-5 traits and (where appropriate) levels of personality functioning. These findings converge with studies of the MSRQ in nonclinical samples and support the clinical utility and validity of the MSRQ for further use.
Collapse
|
2
|
Irastorza LJ, Rojano P, Gonzalez-Salvador T, Cotobal J, Leira M, Rojas C, Rubio G, Rodríguez-Rieiro C, Bellon JM, Alvarez M, Rodríguez C, Arango C. Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the diagnostic interview for depressive personality. Eur Psychiatry 2012; 27:582-90. [PMID: 21296561 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Spanish-language version of the diagnostic interview for depressive personality (DIDP). The DIDP was administered to 328 consecutive outpatients and the test-retest and inter-rater reliability were assessed. Factor analysis was used in search of factors capable of explaining the scale and a cutoff point was established. The DIDP scales showed adequate Cronbach's α values and acceptable test-retest and inter-rater reliability coefficients. Convergent and discriminant validity were explored, the latter with respect to avoidant and borderline personality disorders. The results of the factor analysis were consistent with the four-factor structure of the DIDP scales. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed the area under the curve to be 0.848. We found 30 to be a good cutoff point, with a sensitivity of 74.5% and a specificity of 78.5%. The DIDP proved to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing depressive personality disorder, at least among our outpatients. The psychometric properties of the DIDP support its clinical usefulness in assessing depressive personality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L J Irastorza
- Mental Health Centre, Arganda del Rey, Hospital Virgen de la Torre, 28500 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maddux RE, Lundh LG, Bäckström M. The Swedish Depressive Personality Disorder Inventory: psychometrics and clinical correlates from a DSM-IV and proposed DSM-5 perspective. Nord J Psychiatry 2012; 66:167-77. [PMID: 21936730 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2011.611251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive personality is commonly seen in clinical practice, and today only one exclusive self-report instrument-the Depressive Personality Disorder Inventory (DPDI)-is available for its assessment based on the DSM-IV description of the construct. AIMS The purpose of this research was to evaluate a Swedish version of this measure (DPDI-Swe) in terms of its reliability, internal structure, and convergent validity using related variables from the DSM-IV criteria for depressive personality disorder (DPD) and the proposed DPD trait set for DSM-5. METHODS A non-clinical sample of 255 adults in southern Sweden completed a self-report package, which, in addition to DPD, included the assessment of self-esteem, optimism, hope, rumination, worry, depression, and anxiety. Quality of life was also measured. RESULTS Results indicated that the DPDI-Swe was internally consistent (α = 0.96). Exploratory factor analysis with oblique rotation yielded three components, together accounting for 48.21% of the variance in DPDI-Swe scores. There were strong positive associations between the DPDI-Swe and measures of depression, anxiety, rumination, and worry, and strong negative associations between the DPDI-Swe and measures of self-esteem, optimism, hope, and quality of life. These significant relationships remained, albeit slightly diminished, after statistically controlling for current depressed mood. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The DPDI-Swe appears to be a reliable and valid measure of DPD, and it is available for clinical and research use.
Collapse
|
4
|
Huprich SK, Roberts CRD. The Two-Week and Five-Week Dependability and Stability of the Depressive Personality Disorder Inventory and Its Association With Current Depressive Symptoms. J Pers Assess 2012; 94:205-9. [DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2011.645930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
5
|
Mood and Global Symptom Changes among Psychotherapy Clients with Depressive Personality. DEPRESSION RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2012; 2012:208435. [PMID: 23304472 PMCID: PMC3530796 DOI: 10.1155/2012/208435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study assessed the rate of depressive personality (DP), as measured by the self-report instrument depressive personality disorder inventory (DPDI), among 159 clients entering psychotherapy at an outpatient university clinic. The presenting clinical profile was evaluated for those with and without DP, including levels of depressed mood, other psychological symptoms, and global severity of psychopathology. Clients were followed naturalistically over the course of therapy, up to 40 weeks, and reassessed on these variables again after treatment. Results indicated that 44 percent of the sample qualified for DP prior to treatment, and these individuals had a comparatively more severe and complex presenting disposition than those without DP. Mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine between-groups changes on mood and global severity over time, with those with DP demonstrating larger reductions on both outcome variables, although still showing more symptoms after treatment, than those without DP. Only eleven percent of the sample continued to endorse DP following treatment. These findings suggest that in routine clinical situations, psychotherapy may benefit individuals with DP.
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Depressive Personality Disorder (DPD) has been under consideration for inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders since 1994; yet, few studies have been published that test whether those with DPD have affective experiences that are characterized exclusively by depression and negative affect. One hundred ninety-seven undergraduate students were interviewed for DPD and Borderline Personality Disorder with the Personality Disorder Interview for DSM-IV (Widiger, Mangine, Corbitt, Ellis, & Thomas, 1995), in order to control for frequently co-occurring BPD which is characterized by affective lability. Participants also were administered measures of affective lability, affective intensity, anxious and depressive states, and more trait-like manifestations of depression, anxiety, and anger. Results indicate that those with DPD may be described as having a mood state characterized by transitions from a baseline neutral mood to one of anxiety, with their experiences being more prominently depressed and dysphoric. They also have tendencies toward angry hostility, though they may not report frequent shifts from a baseline neutral mood to anger. Those with DPD also report intense, frequent experiences of depression and dysphoria, with many shifts between depression and anxiety.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ayotte BJ, Yang FM, Jones RN. Physical health and depression: a dyadic study of chronic health conditions and depressive symptomatology in older adult couples. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2010; 65:438-48. [PMID: 20498455 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbq033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the associations among chronic health conditions, sociodemographic factors, and depressive symptomatology in older married couples. Data from the 2004 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (n = 2,184 couples) were analyzed. Results indicated a reciprocal relationship in depressive symptoms between spouses. Additionally, post hoc analyses indicated that husbands' stroke and high blood pressure were related to increased depressive symptomatology among wives. Beyond the reciprocal relationship, husbands were unaffected by wives' health. These results suggest sex differences underlying psychological distress in the context of physical health among older adults and that older women with husbands who have high levels of depressive symptomatology, high blood pressure, or a history of stroke may be at particular risk of experiencing depressive symptoms.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Depressive personality disorder (DPD) has been under consideration for inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders for many years. The wealth of empirical studies on the validity of DPD has raised many questions about the validity of the DPD construct and its measures. This article specifically reviews studies on the validity of that construct and how it is measured. Although the evidence supports the idea that DPD is a viable diagnostic category, there remain significant challenges to its assessment. These findings are discussed in the context of some potential changes that may occur in the classification and diagnosis of personality disorders in DSM-V.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Huprich
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, 501 Mark Jefferson, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sprock J, Fredendall L. Comparison of prototypic cases of depressive personality disorder and dysthymic disorder. J Clin Psychol 2008; 64:1293-317; discussion 1318-22. [PMID: 18825775 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.20538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although depressive personality disorder (DPD) was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) appendix as a proposed category needing further research, there are concerns that it overlaps excessively with dysthymic disorder (DD). The purpose of this investigation was to identify the characteristic features of representative patients with DPD and patients with DD, and to determine whether they could be distinguished by their symptoms. Two matched samples of psychologists (n=57, n=48) identified a prototypic patient with DPD or DD, provided demographic and treatment information about the patient, and rated the patient's symptoms on a series of mood and personality disorder symptoms taken from the DSM-IV and the literature. When composite descriptions were constructed using the highest rated symptoms, there was considerable overlap in symptoms of identified DPD and DD patients. The DSM-IV research criteria for DPD provided the best description of the DPD patients; however, there was a high degree of correlation between DPD and DD criteria sets. There was also considerable comorbidity, with the majority of the patients in both groups meeting criteria for DPD and DD. However, there was a significant difference in comorbid diagnoses (and other differences in family history, outcome, and treatment history that failed to reach the more stringent level of statistical significance, i.e., p<.001) suggesting that there may be some important differences between DPD and DD. Nevertheless, the symptom ratings imply blurred boundaries between DPD and DD, suggesting the need for clearer differentiation between the two disorders or the need to adopt an alternative model of classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- June Sprock
- Psychology Department, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Webb DA, Bloch JR, Coyne JC, Chung EK, Bennett IM, Culhane JF. Postpartum physical symptoms in new mothers: their relationship to functional limitations and emotional well-being. Birth 2008; 35:179-87. [PMID: 18844643 PMCID: PMC3815625 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-536x.2008.00238.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum physical health problems are common and have been understudied. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the associations among reported physical symptoms, functional limitations, and emotional well-being of postpartum women. METHODS The study included data from interviews conducted at 9 to 12 months postpartum from 1,323 women who had received prenatal care at nine community health centers located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, between February 2000 and November 2002. Emotional well-being was assessed with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and perceived emotional health. Functional limitations measures were related to child care, daily activities (housework and shopping), and employment. A summary measure of postpartum morbidity burden was constructed from a checklist of potential health problems typically associated with the postpartum period, such as backaches, abdominal pain, and dyspareunia. RESULTS More than two-thirds (69%) of the women reported experiencing at least one physical health problem since childbirth. Forty-five percent reported at least one problem of moderate or major (as opposed to minor) severity and 20 percent reported at least one problem of major severity. The presence, severity, and cumulative morbidity burden associated with postpartum health problems were consistently correlated with reports of one or more functional limitations and measures of emotional well-being including depressive symptomatology. CONCLUSIONS Although physical problems typically associated with the postpartum period are often regarded as transient or comparatively minor, they are strongly related both to women's functional impairment and to poor emotional health. Careful assessment of the physical, functional, and emotional health status of women in the year after childbirth may improve the quality of postpartum care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Webb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drexel University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huprich SK, Porcerelli J, Keaschuk R, Binienda J, Engle B. Depressive personality disorder, dysthymia, and their relationship to perfectionism. Depress Anxiety 2008; 25:207-17. [PMID: 17352379 DOI: 10.1002/da.20290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the results of two studies in a nonclinical (n=105) and primary care outpatient sample (n=110), in which Depressive Personality Disorder (DPD), Dysthymia, and depression were assessed for their distinctive relationship with perfectionism. Results from both studies found that self-reported DPD, Dysthymia, and depressive symptoms were all intercorrelated, and that DPD, Dysthymia, and depressive symptoms were correlated with three dimensions of perfectionism-Concern over Mistakes, Doubts about Actions, and Parental Criticism. In the nonclinical sample, variance in measures of DPD was predicted by measures of perfectionism after controlling for depression and Dysthymia symptoms. A similar pattern of findings was observed in the primary care sample. This relationship with perfectionism did not occur when Dysthymia or depressive symptoms were predicted. Nevertheless, much of the variance in measures of DPD, Dysthymia, and depressive symptoms is associated with each other and not perfectionism. It is concluded that a common factor or set of factors underlies these disorders, but that DPD may be more strongly related to perfectionism than Dysthymia and depression. As a common factor(s) is identified, measures of DPD and Dysthymia may be refined, thereby increasing the discriminant validity of their measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Huprich
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dadkhah A, Raoufi MB. A Japanese Treatment Used in Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescence. Percept Mot Skills 2007; 105:531-8. [DOI: 10.2466/pms.105.2.531-538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present report is to study the efficacy of a Dohsa-hou, a Japanese Psychorehabilitation method, in a treatment of major depression in three men ( M age = 20 yr.), selected randomly for treatment. Initially, participants' baseline condition was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and the Family Assessment of Depression Questionnaire. Each subject had 12 sessions of 45 min. training over 4 wk. Postassessment and follow-up assessment were done. Findings for pre- and posttreatment test data indicated depression was reduced, being mainly evident in cognitive, somatic, and affective symptoms related to lower depression.
Collapse
|
13
|
DADKHAH ASGHAR. A JAPANESE TREATMENT USED IN MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER IN ADOLESCENCE. Percept Mot Skills 2007. [DOI: 10.2466/pms.105.6.531-538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|