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Xu S, Ma L, Li H, Wang X, Wu M, Jing J, Chen X, Lan R, Tang W, Zhu Y. Iron Supplementation Is Associated with Improvement of Motor Development, Hemoglobin Level, and Weight in Preterm Infants during the First Year of Life in China. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132624. [PMID: 35807810 PMCID: PMC9267941 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron supplementation is recommended for preterm infants due to impaired iron endowment. However, the health outcomes of this recommendation remain controversial. Thus, this study aimed to determine the association of iron supplementation with neurobehavioral development, hemoglobin (Hb), and anthropometric characteristics in preterm infants. A retrospective cohort design was applied to collect data from 1568 preterm infants at 0–3 months of corrected age (mo CA) from a hospital in South China. Infants were categorized into a 3-month iron supplementation group (IG, n = 697) or a control group (CG, n = 871) according to medical records, and then followed through to 12 mo CA. Data on neurobehavioral development, anthropometry, Hb level, history of diseases, and nutrition were collected at 3, 6, and 12 mo CA. The results showed that, compared with the CG, iron supplementation was positively related to improved gross motor skills and weight at 6 mo CA (β = 1.894, β = 5.322) and 12 mo CA (β = 4.019, β = 6.830) and fine motor skills at 12 mo CA (β = 1.980), after adjustment for confounding factors including illness, nutritional supplements, and diet. Iron supplementation was also related to elevated Hb levels and its increase at 3 mo CA (β = 2.196, β = 3.920) and 6 mo CA (β = 3.011, β = 7.259). In conclusion, iron supplementation for 3 months in Chinese preterm infants is positively associated with improved motor development, elevated Hb levels, and higher body weight during the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Xu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Liya Ma
- Shenzhen Bao’an Women and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China;
| | - Hailin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Miao Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Jiajia Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Ruiling Lan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Weike Tang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.X.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (M.W.); (J.J.); (X.C.); (R.L.); (W.T.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-87334627; Fax: +86-20-87330446
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Uckermann O, Hirsch J, Galli R, Bendig J, Later R, Koch E, Schackert G, Steiner G, Tanaka E, Kirsch M. Label-free Imaging of Tissue Architecture during Axolotl Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Comparison to Functional Recovery. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12641. [PMID: 31477751 PMCID: PMC6718386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human peripheral nerves hold the potential to regenerate after injuries; however, whether a successful axonal regrowth was achieved can be elucidated only months after injury by assessing function. The axolotl salamander is a regenerative model where nerves always regenerate quickly and fully after all types of injury. Here, de- and regeneration of the axolotl sciatic nerve were investigated in a single and double injury model by label-free multiphoton imaging in comparison to functional recovery. We used coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering to visualize myelin fragmentation and axonal regeneration. The presence of axons at the lesion site corresponded to onset of functional recovery in both lesion models. In addition, we detected axonal regrowth later in the double injury model in agreement with a higher severity of injury. Moreover, endogenous two-photon excited fluorescence visualized macrophages and revealed a similar timecourse of inflammation in both injury models, which did not correlate with functional recovery. Finally, using the same techniques, axonal structure and status of myelin were visualized in vivo after sciatic nerve injury. Label-free imaging is a new experimental approach that provides mechanistic insights in animal models, with the potential to be used in the future for investigation of regeneration after nerve injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ortrud Uckermann
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Joana Hirsch
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roberta Galli
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas Bendig
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Later
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edmund Koch
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerald Steiner
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elly Tanaka
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Kirsch
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
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Oria M, Figueira RL, Scorletti F, Sbragia L, Owens K, Li Z, Pathak B, Corona MU, Marotta M, Encinas JL, Peiro JL. CD200-CD200R imbalance correlates with microglia and pro-inflammatory activation in rat spinal cords exposed to amniotic fluid in retinoic acid-induced spina bifida. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10638. [PMID: 30006626 PMCID: PMC6045622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spina bifida aperta is a congenital malformation characterized by the failure of neural tube closure resulting in an unprotected fetal spinal cord. The spinal cord then undergoes progressive damage, likely due to chemical and mechanical factors related to exposure to the intrauterine environment. Astrogliosis in exposed spinal cords has been described in animal models of spina bifida during embryonic life but its relationship with neuroinflammatory processes are completely unknown. Using a retinoic acid-induced rat model of spina bifida we demonstrated that, when exposed to amniotic fluid, fetal spinal cords showed progressive astrogliosis with neuronal loss at mid-gestation (E15) compared to unexposed spinal cords. The number of microglial cells with a reactive phenotype and activation marker expression increased during gestation and exhibited progressive disruption in the inhibitory immune ligand-receptor system. Specifically we demonstrate down-regulation of CD200 expression and up-regulation of CD200R. Exposed spinal cords demonstrated neuroinflammation with increased tissue water content and cytokine production by the end of gestation (E20), which correlated with active Caspase3 expression in the exposed layers. Our findings provide new evidence that microglia activation, including the disruption of the endogenous inhibitory system (CD200-CD200R), may participate in the pathogenesis of spina bifida through late gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Oria
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Rebeca L Figueira
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Laboratory of Experimental Fetal Surgery "Michael Harrison", Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Federico Scorletti
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lourenco Sbragia
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Laboratory of Experimental Fetal Surgery "Michael Harrison", Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Kathryn Owens
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bedika Pathak
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria U Corona
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mario Marotta
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jose L Encinas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Peiro
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Angulo-Barroso RM, Li M, Santos DC, Bian Y, Sturza J, Jiang Y, Kaciroti N, Richards B, Lozoff B. Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy or Infancy and Motor Development: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatrics 2016; 137:peds.2015-3547. [PMID: 26936859 PMCID: PMC4811316 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Insufficient iron levels for optimal fetal and infant development is a concern during pregnancy and infancy. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of iron supplementation in pregnancy and/or infancy on motor development at 9 months. METHODS The study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of infancy iron supplementation linked to an RCT of pregnancy iron supplementation, conducted in Hebei, China. A total of 1482 infants were randomly assigned to receive placebo (n = 730) or supplemental iron (n = 752) from 6 weeks to 9 months. Gross motor development (assessed by using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale, Second Edition, instrument) was the primary outcome. Neurologic integrity and motor quality were secondary outcomes. RESULTS Motor outcome was available for 1196 infants, divided into 4 supplementation period groups: (1) placebo in pregnancy/placebo in infancy (n = 288); (2) placebo in pregnancy/iron in infancy (n = 305); (3) iron in pregnancy/placebo in infancy (n = 298); and (4) iron in pregnancy/iron in infancy (n = 305). Using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale, instrument, iron supplementation in infancy but not pregnancy improved gross motor scores: overall, P < .001; reflexes, P = .03; stationary, P < .001; and locomotion, P < .001. Iron supplementation in infancy improved motor scores by 0.3 SD compared with no supplementation or supplementation during pregnancy alone. Effects of iron supplementation in infancy alone were similar to effects with iron in both pregnancy and infancy. CONCLUSIONS The RCT design supports the causal inference that iron supplementation in infancy, with or without iron supplementation in pregnancy, improved gross motor test scores at 9 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Angulo-Barroso
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California;,Center for Human Growth and Development, and
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Denise C.C. Santos
- Center for Human Growth and Development, and,Human Movement Sciences Graduate Program, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Yaping Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | | | | | - Betsy Lozoff
- Center for Human Growth and Development, and,Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Garcia VB, Garcia ML, Schulz DJ. Quantitative expression profiling in mouse spinal cord reveals changing relationships among channel and receptor mRNA levels across postnatal maturation. Neuroscience 2014; 277:321-33. [PMID: 25043326 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neural networks ultimately arrive at functional output via interaction of the excitability of individual neurons and their synaptic interactions. We investigated the relationships between voltage-gated ion channel and neurotransmitter receptor mRNA levels in mouse spinal cord at four different postnatal time points (P5, P11, P17, and adult) and three different adult cord levels (cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral) using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Our analysis and data visualization are novel in that we chose a focal group of voltage-gated channel subunits and transmitter receptor subunits, performed absolute quantitation of mRNA copy number for each gene from a sample, and used multiple correlation analyses and correlation matrices to detect patterns in correlated mRNA levels across all genes of interest. These correlation profiles suggest that postnatal maturation of the spinal cord includes changes among channel and receptor subunits that proceed from widespread co-regulation to more refined and distinct functional relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Garcia
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - M L Garcia
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - D J Schulz
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Liu Z, He B, Zhang RY, Zhang K, Ding Y, Ruan JW, Ling EA, Wu JL, Zeng YS. Electroacupuncture Promotes the Differentiation of Transplanted Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preinduced With Neurotrophin-3 and Retinoic Acid Into Oligodendrocyte-Like Cells in Demyelinated Spinal Cord of Rats. Cell Transplant 2014; 24:1265-81. [PMID: 24856958 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x682099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promotes functional recovery in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and in a murine model of MS. However, there is only a modicum of information on differentiation of grafted MSCs into oligodendrocyte-like cells in MS. The purpose of this study was to transplant neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and retinoic acid (RA) preinduced MSCs (NR-MSCs) into a demyelinated spinal cord induced by ethidium bromide and to investigate whether EA treatment could promote NT-3 secretion in the demyelinated spinal cord. We also sought to determine whether increased NT-3 could further enhance NR-MSCs overexpressing the tyrosine receptor kinase C (TrkC) to differentiate into more oligodendrocyte-like cells, resulting in increased remyelination and nerve conduction in the spinal cord. Our results showed that NT-3 and RA increased transcription of TrkC mRNA in cultured MSCs. EA increased NT-3 levels and promoted differentiation of oligodendrocyte-like cells from grafted NR-MSCs in the demyelinated spinal cord. There was evidence of myelin formation by grafted NR-MSCs. In addition, NR-MSC transplantation combined with EA treatment (the NR-MSCs + EA group) reduced demyelination and promoted remyelination. Furthermore, the conduction of cortical motor-evoked potentials has improved compared to controls. Together, our data suggest that preinduced MSC transplantation combined with EA treatment not only increased MSC differentiation into oligodendrocyte-like cells forming myelin sheaths, but also promoted remyelination and functional improvement of nerve conduction in the demyelinated spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Gu Z, Li F, Zhang YP, Shields LBE, Hu X, Zheng Y, Yu P, Zhang Y, Cai J, Vitek MP, Shields CB. Apolipoprotein E Mimetic Promotes Functional and Histological Recovery in Lysolecithin-Induced Spinal Cord Demyelination in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 2014:10. [PMID: 25642353 PMCID: PMC4309015 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.s12-010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Considering demyelination is the pathological hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS), reducing demyelination and/or promoting remyelination is a practical therapeutic strategy to improve functional recovery for MS. An apolipoprotein E (apoE)-mimetic peptide COG112 has previously demonstrated therapeutic efficacy on functional and histological recovery in a mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of human MS. In the current study, we further investigated whether COG112 promotes remyelination and improves functional recovery in lysolecithin induced focal demyelination in the white matter of spinal cord in mice. Methods A focal demyelination model was created by stereotaxically injecting lysolecithin into the bilateral ventrolateral funiculus (VLF) of T8 and T9 mouse spinal cords. Immediately after lysolecithin injection mice were treated with COG112, prefix peptide control or vehicle control for 21 days. The locomotor function of the mice was measured by the beam walking test and Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) assessment. The nerve transmission of the VLF of mice was assessed in vivo by transcranial magnetic motor evoked potentials (tcMMEPs). The histological changes were also examined by by eriochrome cyanine staining, immunohistochemistry staining and electron microscopy (EM) method. Results The area of demyelination in the spinal cord was significantly reduced in the COG112 group. EM examination showed that treatment with COG112 increased the thickness of myelin sheaths and the numbers of surviving axons in the lesion epicenter. Locomotor function was improved in COG112 treated animals when measured by the beam walking test and BMS assessment compared to controls. TcMMEPs also demonstrated the COG112-mediated enhancement of amplitude of evoked responses. Conclusion The apoE-mimetic COG112 demonstrates a favorable combination of activities in suppressing inflammatory response, mitigating demyelination and in promoting remyelination and associated functional recovery in animal model of CNS demyelination. These data support that apoE-mimetic strategy may represent a promising therapy for MS and other demyelination disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gu
- Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China ; Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Fengqiao Li
- Cognosci, Inc. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA ; Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27708, NC, USA
| | - Yi Ping Zhang
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lisa B E Shields
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Yiyan Zheng
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Panpan Yu
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Michael P Vitek
- Cognosci, Inc. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA ; Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27708, NC, USA
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