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Zhang K, Yao E, Aung T, Chuang PT. The alveolus: Our current knowledge of how the gas exchange unit of the lung is constructed and repaired. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 159:59-129. [PMID: 38729684 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian lung completes its last step of development, alveologenesis, to generate sufficient surface area for gas exchange. In this process, multiple cell types that include alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts undergo coordinated cell proliferation, cell migration and/or contraction, cell shape changes, and cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions to produce the gas exchange unit: the alveolus. Full functioning of alveoli also involves immune cells and the lymphatic and autonomic nervous system. With the advent of lineage tracing, conditional gene inactivation, transcriptome analysis, live imaging, and lung organoids, our molecular understanding of alveologenesis has advanced significantly. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the constituents of the alveolus and the molecular pathways that control alveolar formation. We also discuss how insight into alveolar formation may inform us of alveolar repair/regeneration mechanisms following lung injury and the pathogenic processes that lead to loss of alveoli or tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Erica Yao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Thin Aung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pao-Tien Chuang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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2
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Reynolds SD, Hill CL, Alsudayri A, Lallier SW, Wijeratne S, Tan ZH, Chiang T, Cormet-Boyaka E. Assemblies of JAG1 and JAG2 determine tracheobronchial cell fate in mucosecretory lung disease. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e157380. [PMID: 35819850 PMCID: PMC9462471 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosecretory lung disease compromises airway epithelial function and is characterized by goblet cell hyperplasia and ciliated cell hypoplasia. Goblet and ciliated cell types are derived from tracheobronchial stem/progenitor cells via a Notch-dependent mechanism. Although specific arrays of Notch receptors regulate cell fate determination, the function of the ligands Jagged1 (JAG1) and JAG2 is unclear. This study examined JAG1 and JAG2 function using human air-liquid-interface cultures that were treated with γ-secretase complex (GSC) inhibitors, neutralizing peptides/antibodies, or WNT/β-catenin pathway antagonists/agonists. These experiments revealed that JAG1 and JAG2 regulated cell fate determination in the tracheobronchial epithelium; however, their roles did not adhere to simple necessity and sufficiency rules. Biochemical studies indicated that JAG1 and JAG2 underwent posttranslational modifications that resulted in generation of a JAG1 C-terminal peptide and regulated the abundance of full-length JAG2 on the cell surface. GSC and glycogen synthase kinase 3 were implicated in these posttranslational events, but WNT agonist/antagonist studies and RNA-Seq indicated a WNT-independent mechanism. Collectively, these data suggest that posttranslational modifications create distinct assemblies of JAG1 and JAG2, which regulate Notch signal strength and determine the fate of tracheobronchial stem/progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zheng Hong Tan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Tendy Chiang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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3
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The NOTCH3 Downstream Target HEYL Is Required for Efficient Human Airway Basal Cell Differentiation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113215. [PMID: 34831437 PMCID: PMC8620267 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cells (BCs) are stem/progenitor cells of the mucociliary airway epithelium, and their differentiation is orchestrated by the NOTCH signaling pathway. NOTCH3 receptor signaling regulates BC to club cell differentiation; however, the downstream responses that regulate this process are unknown. Overexpression of the active NOTCH3 intracellular domain (NICD3) in primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) on in vitro air–liquid interface culture promoted club cell differentiation. Bulk RNA-seq analysis identified 692 NICD3-responsive genes, including the classical NOTCH target HEYL, which increased in response to NICD3 and positively correlated with SCGB1A1 (club cell marker) expression. siRNA knockdown of HEYL decreased tight junction formation and cell proliferation. Further, HEYL knockdown reduced club, goblet and ciliated cell differentiation. In addition, we observed decreased expression of HEYL in HBECs from donors with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) vs. normal donors which correlates with the impaired differentiation capacity of COPD cells. Finally, overexpression of HEYL in COPD HBECs promoted differentiation into club, goblet and ciliated cells, suggesting the impaired capacity of COPD cells to generate a normal airway epithelium is a reversible phenotype that can be regulated by HEYL. Overall, our data identify the NOTCH3 downstream target HEYL as a key regulator of airway epithelial differentiation.
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4
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Bodas M, Moore AR, Subramaniyan B, Georgescu C, Wren JD, Freeman WM, Brown BR, Metcalf JP, Walters MS. Cigarette Smoke Activates NOTCH3 to Promote Goblet Cell Differentiation in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:426-440. [PMID: 33444514 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0302oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the United States and is primarily caused by cigarette smoking. Increased numbers of mucus-producing secretory ("goblet") cells, defined as goblet cell metaplasia or hyperplasia (GCMH), contributes significantly to COPD pathophysiology. The objective of this study was to determine whether NOTCH signaling regulates goblet cell differentiation in response to cigarette smoke. Primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) from nonsmokers and smokers with COPD were differentiated in vitro on air-liquid interface and exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 7 days. NOTCH signaling activity was modulated using 1) the NOTCH/γ-secretase inhibitor dibenzazepine (DBZ), 2) lentiviral overexpression of the NICD3 (NOTCH3-intracellular domain), or 3) NOTCH3-specific siRNA. Cell differentiation and response to CSE were evaluated by quantitative PCR, Western blotting, immunostaining, and RNA sequencing. We found that CSE exposure of nonsmoker airway epithelium induced goblet cell differentiation characteristic of GCMH. Treatment with DBZ suppressed CSE-dependent induction of goblet cell differentiation. Furthermore, CSE induced NOTCH3 activation, as revealed by increased NOTCH3 nuclear localization and elevated NICD3 protein levels. Overexpression of NICD3 increased the expression of goblet cell-associated genes SPDEF and MUC5AC, whereas NOTCH3 knockdown suppressed CSE-mediated induction of SPDEF and MUC5AC. Finally, CSE exposure of COPD airway epithelium induced goblet cell differentiation in a NOTCH3-dependent manner. These results identify NOTCH3 activation as one of the important mechanisms by which cigarette smoke induces goblet cell differentiation, thus providing a novel potential strategy to control GCMH-related pathologies in smokers and patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Bodas
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and
| | - Andrew R Moore
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and
| | - Bharathiraja Subramaniyan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and
| | - Constantin Georgescu
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Brent R Brown
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and
| | - Jordan P Metcalf
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and
| | - Matthew S Walters
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and
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5
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Chung WC, Challagundla L, Zhou Y, Li M, Atfi A, Xu K. Loss of Jag1 cooperates with oncogenic Kras to induce pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 4:4/2/e201900503. [PMID: 33268505 PMCID: PMC7756968 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling exerts both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions in the pancreas. In this study, deletion of Jag1 in conjunction with oncogenic Kras G12D expression in the mouse pancreas induced rapid development of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and early stage pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm; however, culminating in cystic neoplasms rather than ductal adenocarcinoma. Most cystic lesions in these mice were reminiscent of serous cystic neoplasm, and the rest resembled intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Jag1 expression was lost or decreased in cystic lesions but retained in adenocarcinoma in these mice, so was the expression of Sox9. In pancreatic cancer patients, JAG1 expression is higher in cancerous tissue, and high JAG1 is associated with poor overall survival. Expression of SOX9 is correlated with JAG1, and high SOX9 is also associated with poor survival. Mechanistically, Jag1 regulates expression of Lkb1, a tumor suppressor involved in the development of pancreatic cystic neoplasm. Collectively, Jag1 can act as a tumor suppressor in the pancreas by delaying precursor lesions, whereas loss of Jag1 promoted a phenotypic switch from malignant carcinoma to benign cystic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Chung
- Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Lavanya Challagundla
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yunyun Zhou
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Azeddine Atfi
- Cellular and Molecular Pathogenesis Division, Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Keli Xu
- Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA .,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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6
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Carrer M, Crosby JR, Sun G, Zhao C, Damle SS, Kuntz SG, Monia BP, Hart CE, Grossman TR. Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Jagged 1 Reduce House Dust Mite-induced Goblet Cell Metaplasia in the Adult Murine Lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:46-56. [PMID: 32176858 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0257oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Goblet cell metaplasia, excessive mucus production, and inadequate mucus clearance accompany and exacerbate multiple chronic respiratory disorders, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Notch signaling plays a central role in controlling the fate of multiple cell types in the lung, including goblet cells. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic potential of modulating the Notch pathway in the adult murine lung using chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). To this end, we designed and characterized ASOs targeting the Notch receptors Notch1, Notch2, and Notch3 and the Notch ligands Jag1 (Jagged 1) and Jag2 (Jagged 2). Pulmonary delivery of ASOs in healthy mice or mice exposed to house dust mite, a commonly used mouse model of asthma, resulted in a significant reduction of the respective mRNAs in the lung. Furthermore, ASO-mediated knockdown of Jag1 or Notch2 in the lungs of healthy adult mice led to the downregulation of the club cell marker Scgb1a1 and the concomitant upregulation of the ciliated cell marker FoxJ1 (forkhead box J1). Similarly, ASO-mediated knockdown of Jag1 or Notch2 in the house dust mite disease model led to reduced goblet cell metaplasia and decreased mucus production. Because goblet cell metaplasia and excessive mucus secretion are a common basis for many lung pathologies, we propose that ASO-mediated inhibition of JAG1 could provide a novel therapeutic path for the treatment of multiple chronic respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tamar R Grossman
- Department of Translational Medicine, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California
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Yao YE, Zhang JH, Chen XJ, Huang JL, Sun QX, Liu WW, Zeng H, Li CQ. Regulation of γδT17 cells by Mycobacterium vaccae through interference with Notch/Jagged1 signaling pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e9551. [PMID: 33053115 PMCID: PMC7552905 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Mycobacterium vaccae on Jagged 1 and gamma delta T17 (γδT17) cells in asthmatic mice. An asthma mouse model was established through immunization with ovalbumin (OVA). Gamma-secretase inhibitor (DAPT) was used to block the Notch signaling pathway. M. vaccae was used to treat asthma, and related indicators were measured. Blocking Notch signaling inhibited the production of γδT17 cells and secretion of cytokine interleukin (IL)-17, which was accompanied by a decrease in Jagged1 mRNA and protein expression in the treated asthma group compared with the untreated asthma group. Similarly, treatment with M. vaccae inhibited Jagged1 expression and γδT17 cell production, which was associated with decreased airway inflammation and reactivity. The Notch signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma through the induction of Jagged1 receptor. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of M. vaccae on Jagged1 receptor in γδT17 cells could be used for the prevention and treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi En Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Hong Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao Ju Chen
- Department of Critical Care, First People's Hospital of Yulin City, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Lin Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi Xiang Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huan Zeng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Qian Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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8
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González S, Halabi M, Ju D, Tsai M, Deng SX. Role of Jagged1-mediated Notch Signaling Activation in the Differentiation and Stratification of the Human Limbal Epithelium. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091945. [PMID: 32842657 PMCID: PMC7564045 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway plays a key role in proliferation and differentiation. We investigated the effect of Jagged 1 (Jag1)-mediated Notch signaling activation in the human limbal stem/progenitor cell (LSC) population and the stratification of the limbal epithelium in vitro. After Notch signaling activation, there was a reduction in the amount of the stem/progenitor cell population, epithelial stratification, and expression of proliferation markers. There was also an increase of the corneal epithelial differentiation. In the presence of Jag1, asymmetric divisions were decreased, and the expression pattern of the polarity protein Par3, normally present at the apical-lateral membrane of basal cells, was dispersed in the cells. We propose a mechanism in which Notch activation by Jag1 decreases p63 expression at the basal layer, which in turn reduces stratification by decreasing the number of asymmetric divisions and increases differentiation.
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9
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Notch Transduction in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165691. [PMID: 32784481 PMCID: PMC7461113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily-conserved Notch signaling pathway plays critical roles in cell communication, function and homeostasis equilibrium. The pathway serves as a cell-to-cell juxtaposed molecular transducer and is crucial in a number of cell processes including cell fate specification, asymmetric cell division and lateral inhibition. Notch also plays critical roles in organismal development, homeostasis, and regeneration, including somitogenesis, left-right asymmetry, neurogenesis, tissue repair, self-renewal and stemness, and its dysregulation has causative roles in a number of congenital and acquired pathologies, including cancer. In the lung, Notch activity is necessary for cell fate specification and expansion, and its aberrant activity is markedly linked to various defects in club cell formation, alveologenesis, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. In this review, we focus on the role this intercellular signaling device plays during lung development and on its functional relevance in proximo-distal cell fate specification, branching morphogenesis, and alveolar cell determination and maturation, then revise its involvement in NSCLC formation, progression and treatment refractoriness, particularly in the context of various mutational statuses associated with NSCLC, and, lastly, conclude by providing a succinct outlook of the therapeutic perspectives of Notch targeting in NSCLC therapy, including an overview on prospective synthetic lethality approaches.
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10
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Wu A, Song H. Regulation of alveolar type 2 stem/progenitor cells in lung injury and regeneration. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:716-722. [PMID: 32445469 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The renewal of lung epithelial cells is normally slow unless the lung is injured. The resident epithelial stem cells rapidly proliferate and differentiate to maintain lung structure and function when the lung is damaged. The alveolar epithelium is characterized by alveolar type 1 (AT1) and alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells. AT2 cells are the stem cells for alveoli, as they can both self-renew and generate AT1 cells. Abnormal proliferation and regulation of AT2 cells will lead to serious lung diseases including cancers. In this review, we focused on the alveolar stem/progenitor cells, the key physiological function of AT2 cells in lung homeostasis and the complicated regulation of AT2 cells in the repairing processes after lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Wu
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Hai Song
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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11
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Sivakumar A, Frank DB. Paradigms that define lung epithelial progenitor cell fate in development and regeneration. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2019; 5:133-144. [PMID: 32587809 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-019-00166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Throughout the lifespan, lung injury impedes the primary critical function essential for life-respiration. To repair quickly and efficiently is critical and is orchestrated by a diverse repertoire of progenitor cells and their niche. This review incorporates knowledge gained from early studies in lung epithelial morphogenesis and cell fate and explores its relevance to more recent findings of lung progenitor and stem cells in development and regeneration. Recent Findings Cell fate in the lung is organized into an early specification phase and progressive differentiation phase in lung development. The advent of single cell analysis combined with lineage analysis and projections is uncovering new functional cell types in the lung providing a topographical atlas for progenitor cell lineage commitment during development, homeostasis, and regeneration. Summary Lineage commitment of lung progenitor cells is spatiotemporally regulated during development. Single cell sequencing technologies have significantly advanced our understanding of the similarities and differences between developmental and regenerative cell fate trajectories. Subsequent unraveling of the molecular mechanisms underlying these cell fate decisions will be essential to manipulating progenitor cells for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Sivakumar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David B Frank
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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12
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Stupnikov MR, Yang Y, Mori M, Lu J, Cardoso WV. Jagged and Delta-like ligands control distinct events during airway progenitor cell differentiation. eLife 2019; 8:e50487. [PMID: 31631837 PMCID: PMC6887486 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling regulates cell fate selection during development in multiple organs including the lung. Previous studies on the role of Notch in the lung focused mostly on Notch pathway core components or receptor-specific functions. It is unclear, however, how Jagged or Delta-like ligands collectively or individually (Jag1, Jag2, Dll1, Dll4) influence differentiation of airway epithelial progenitors. Using mouse genetic models we show major differences in Jag and Dll in regulation and establishment of cell fate. Jag ligands had a major impact in balancing distinct cell populations in conducting airways, but had no role in the establishment of domains and cellular abundance in the neuroendocrine (NE) microenvironment. Surprisingly, Dll ligands were crucial in restricting cell fate and size of NE bodies and showed an overlapping role with Jag in differentiation of NE-associated secretory (club) cells. These mechanisms may potentially play a role in human conditions that result in aberrant NE differentiation, including NE hyperplasias and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Stupnikov
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ying Yang
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Munemasa Mori
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jining Lu
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
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13
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Athari SS. Targeting cell signaling in allergic asthma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:45. [PMID: 31637021 PMCID: PMC6799822 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is chronic inflammation of the airways characterized by airway hyper-responsiveness, wheezing, cough, and dyspnea. Asthma affects >350 million people worldwide. The Th2 immune response is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of asthma. Targeted therapy modulating cell signaling pathways can be a powerful strategy to design new drugs to treat asthma. The potential molecular pathways that can be targeted include IL-4-IL-13-JAK-STAT-MAP kinases, adiponectin-iNOS-NF-κB, PGD2-CRTH2, IFNs-RIG, Wnt/β-catenin-FAM13A, FOXC1-miR-PI3K/AKT, JNK-Gal-7, Nrf2-ROS, Foxp3-RORγt, CysLTR, AMP, Fas-FasL, PTHrP/PPARγ, PAI-1, FcɛRI-LAT-SLP-76, Tim-3-Gal-9, TLRs-MyD88, PAR2, and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE. Therapeutic drugs can be designed to target one or more of these pathways to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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14
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Kiyokawa H, Morimoto M. Notch signaling in the mammalian respiratory system, specifically the trachea and lungs, in development, homeostasis, regeneration, and disease. Dev Growth Differ 2019; 62:67-79. [PMID: 31613406 PMCID: PMC7028093 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory system has ideal tissue structure and cell types for efficient gas exchange to intake oxygen and release carbon dioxide. This complex system develops through orchestrated intercellular signaling among various cell types, such as club, ciliated, basal, neuroendocrine, AT1, AT2, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. Notch signaling is a highly conserved cell-cell signaling pathway ideally suited for very short-range cellular communication because Notch signals are transmitted by direct contact with an adjacent cell. Enthusiastic efforts by Notch researchers over the last two decades have led to the identification of critical roles of this signaling pathway during development, homeostasis, and regeneration of the respiratory system. The dysregulation of Notch signaling results in a wide range of respiratory diseases such as pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and lung cancer. Thus, a deep understanding of the biological functions of Notch signaling will help identify novel treatment targets in various respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Kiyokawa
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Morimoto
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
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15
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Bai H, Wen J, Gong JP, Wu H, Yuan FC, Cao D, Wu YK, Lai X, Wang MH. Blockade of the Notch1/Jagged1 pathway in Kupffer cells aggravates ischemia-reperfusion injury of orthotopic liver transplantation in mice. Autoimmunity 2019; 52:176-184. [PMID: 31322442 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2019.1637424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) represents a risk factor for early graft dysfunction and an obstacle to expanding donor pool in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Kupffer cells (KCs) are the largest antigen-presenting cell (APC) group and the primary modulators of inflammation in liver tissues. The vital role of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway in mouse OLT model has been reported, however, its potential therapeutic mechanism is unknown. Here, we made use of short hairpin RNA-Jagged1 and AAV-Jagged1 to explore the effects of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway in OLT. In vitro, blockade of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway downregulated the expression of Hairy and enhancer of split-1 (Hes1) gene, which in turn increased the proinflammatory effects of KCs. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effects of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway were induced by inhibiting Hes1/gene of phosphate and tension/protein kinase B/Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B (Hes1/PTEN/AKT/TLR4/NF-κB) axis in KCs. In vivo, we used a well-established mouse model of OLT to mimic clinical transplantation. Mice were stochastically divided into 6 groups: Sham group (n = 15); Normal saline (NS) group (n = 15); Adeno-associated virus-green fluorescent protein (AAV-GFP) group (n = 15); AAV-Jagged1 group (n = 15); Clodronate liposome (CL) group (n = 15); CL+AAV-Jagged1 group (n = 15) . After OLT the liver damage in AAV-Jagged1 group were significantly accentuated compared to the AAV-GFP group. While blockade of Jagged1 aftet clearence of KCs by CL would not lead to further liver injuries. Taken together, our study demonstrated that blockade of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway aggravates inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via Hes1/PTEN/AKT/TLR4/NF-κB in KCs, and the blockade of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway in donor liver increased neutrophil/macrophage infiltration and hepatocellular apoptosis, which suggested the function of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway in mouse OLT and highlighted the protective function of Notch1/Jagged1 pathway in liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Chao Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Kun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Suining Central Hospital , Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Lai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Thyroid Breast Surgery, Tongnan District People's Hospital , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Hao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
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16
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Downregulation of Notch Signaling in Kras-Induced Gastric Metaplasia. Neoplasia 2019; 21:810-821. [PMID: 31276933 PMCID: PMC6611983 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations and amplification of Kras and, more frequently, signatures for Kras activation are noted in stomach cancer. Expression of mutant KrasG12D in the mouse gastric mucosa has been shown to induce hyperplasia and metaplasia. However, the mechanisms by which Kras activation leads to gastric metaplasia are not fully understood. Here we report that KrasLSL-G12D/+;Pdx1-cre, a mouse model known for pancreatic cancer, also mediates KrasG12D expression in the stomach, causing gastric hyperplasia and metaplasia prior to the pathologic changes in the pancreas. These mice exhibit ectopic cell proliferation at the base of gastric glands, whereas wild-type mice contain proliferating cells primarily at the isthmus/neck of the gastric glands. Notch signaling is decreased in the KrasLSL-G12D/+;Pdx1-cre gastric mucosa, as shown by lower levels of cleaved Notch intracellular domains and downregulation of Notch downstream target genes. Expression of a Notch ligand Jagged1 is downregulated at the base of the mutant gland, accompanied by loss of chief cell marker Mist1. We demonstrate that exogenous Jagged1 or overexpression of Notch intracellular domain stimulates Mist1 expression in gastric cancer cell lines, suggesting positive regulation of Mist1 by Notch signaling. Finally, deletion of Jagged1 or Notch3 in KrasLSL-G12D/+;Pdx1-cre mice promoted development of squamous cell carcinoma in the forestomach, albeit short of invasive adenocarcinoma in the glandular stomach. Taken together, these results reveal downregulation of Notch signaling and Mist1 expression during the initiation of Kras-driven gastric tumorigenesis and suggest a tumor-suppressive role for Notch in this context.
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17
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Shiraishi K, Shichino S, Ueha S, Nakajima T, Hashimoto S, Yamazaki S, Matsushima K. Mesenchymal-Epithelial Interactome Analysis Reveals Essential Factors Required for Fibroblast-Free Alveolosphere Formation. iScience 2018; 11:318-333. [PMID: 30639966 PMCID: PMC6329323 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts are key cell populations in lung development. Fibroblasts support type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2) in the developing and mature lung. However, fibroblast-AEC2 interactions have not been clearly described. We addressed this in the present study by time course serial analysis of gene expression sequencing (SAGE-seq) of epithelial cells and fibroblasts of developing and mature murine lungs. We identified lung fibroblast-epithelial interactions that potentially regulate alveologenesis and are mediated by fibroblast-expressed ligands and epithelial cell surface receptors. In the epithelial-fibroblast co-culture alveolosphere formation assay, single intervention against fibroblast-expressed ligand or associated signaling cascades promoted or inhibited alveolosphere growth. Adding the ligand-associated molecules fibroblast growth factor 7 and Notch ligand and inhibitors of bone morphogenetic protein 4, transforming growth factor β, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β to the culture medium enabled fibroblast-free alveolosphere formation. The results revealed the essential factors regulating fibroblast-AEC2 interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushige Shiraishi
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-0022, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-0022, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-0022, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-0022, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-0022, Japan; Department of Integrative Medicine for Longevity, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-0022, Japan.
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18
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Chanda D, Otoupalova E, Smith SR, Volckaert T, De Langhe SP, Thannickal VJ. Developmental pathways in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 65:56-69. [PMID: 30130563 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and terminal lung disease with no known cure. IPF is a disease of aging, with median age of diagnosis over 65 years. Median survival is between 3 and 5 years after diagnosis. IPF is characterized primarily by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins by activated lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, resulting in reduced gas exchange and impaired pulmonary function. Growing evidence supports the concept of a pro-fibrotic environment orchestrated by underlying factors such as genetic predisposition, chronic injury and aging, oxidative stress, and impaired regenerative responses may account for disease development and persistence. Currently, two FDA approved drugs have limited efficacy in the treatment of IPF. Many of the genes and gene networks associated with lung development are induced or activated in IPF. In this review, we analyze current knowledge in the field, gained from both basic and clinical research, to provide new insights into the disease process, and potential approaches to treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptiman Chanda
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Eva Otoupalova
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Samuel R Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Thomas Volckaert
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Stijn P De Langhe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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19
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Atanasova KR, Reznikov LR. Neuropeptides in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. Respir Res 2018; 19:149. [PMID: 30081920 PMCID: PMC6090699 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The nervous system mediates key airway protective behaviors, including cough, mucus secretion, and airway smooth muscle contraction. Thus, its involvement and potential involvement in several airway diseases has become increasingly recognized. In the current review, we focus on the contribution of select neuropeptides in three distinct airway diseases: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. We present data on some well-studied neuropeptides, as well as call attention to a few that have not received much consideration. Because mucus hypersecretion and mucus obstruction are common features of many airway diseases, we place special emphasis on the contribution of neuropeptides to mucus secretion. Finally, we highlight evidence implicating involvement of neuropeptides in mucus phenotypes in asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis, as well as bring to light knowledge that is still lacking in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina R Atanasova
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, PO Box 100144, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Leah R Reznikov
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, PO Box 100144, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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20
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Chammaa M, Malysa A, Redondo C, Jang H, Chen W, Bepler G, Fernandez-Valdivia R. RUMI is a novel negative prognostic marker and therapeutic target in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9548-9562. [PMID: 29953591 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent comprehensive next-generation genome and transcriptome analyses in lung cancer patients, several clinical observations, and compelling evidence from mouse models of lung cancer have uncovered a critical role for Notch signaling in the initiation and progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Notably, Rumi is a "protein O-glucosyltransferase" that regulates Notch signaling through O-glucosylation of Notch receptors, and is the only enzymatic regulator whose activity is required for both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation of Notch. We have conducted a detailed study on RUMI's involvement in NSCLC development and progression, and have further explored the therapeutic potential of its targeting in NSCLC. We have determined that Rumi is highly expressed in the alveolar and bronchiolar epithelia, including club cells and alveolar type II cells. Remarkably, RUMI maps to the region of chromosome 3q that corresponds to the major signature of neoplastic transformation in NSCLC, and is markedly amplified and overexpressed in NSCLC tumors. Notably, RUMI expression levels are predictive of poor prognosis and survival in NSCLC patients. Our data indicates that RUMI modulates Notch activity in NSCLC cells, and that its silencing dramatically decreases cell proliferation, migration, and survival. RUMI downregulation causes severe cell cycle S-phase arrest, increases genome instability, and induces late apoptotic-nonapoptotic cell death. Our studies demonstrate that RUMI is a novel negative prognostic factor with significant therapeutic potential in NSCLC, which embodies particular relevance especially when considering that, while current Notch inhibitory strategies target only ligand-dependent Notch activation, a large number of NSCLCs are driven by ligand-independent Notch activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Chammaa
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Agnes Malysa
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Carlos Redondo
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Hyejeong Jang
- Biostatistics Core, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Biostatistics Core, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Gerold Bepler
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Rodrigo Fernandez-Valdivia
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
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21
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Gomi K, Staudt MR, Salit J, Kaner RJ, Heldrich J, Rogalski AM, Arbelaez V, Crystal RG, Walters MS. JAG1-Mediated Notch Signaling Regulates Secretory Cell Differentiation of the Human Airway Epithelium. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:454-63. [PMID: 27216293 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Basal cells (BC) are the stem/progenitor cells of the human airway epithelium capable of differentiating into secretory and ciliated cells. Notch signaling activation increases BC differentiation into secretory cells, but the role of individual Notch ligands in regulating this process in the human airway epithelium is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to define the role of the Notch ligand JAG1 in regulating human BC differentiation. JAG1 over-expression in BC increased secretory cell differentiation, with no effect on ciliated cell differentiation. Conversely, knockdown of JAG1 decreased expression of secretory cell genes. These data demonstrate JAG1-mediated Notch signaling regulates differentiation of BC into secretory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Gomi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michelle R Staudt
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jacqueline Salit
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Robert J Kaner
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jonna Heldrich
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Allison M Rogalski
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Vanessa Arbelaez
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Matthew S Walters
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 164, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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22
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Kras G12D upregulates Notch signaling to induce gallbladder tumorigenesis in mice. Oncoscience 2017; 4:131-138. [PMID: 29142904 PMCID: PMC5672897 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kras mutations and increased Notch activation occur frequently in gallbladder cancer. However, their roles in gallbladder carcinogenesis have not been defined. This study was aimed at determining whether expression of mutant Kras was sufficient to induce gallbladder carcinoma and whether Notch deregulation played a role in this context. Methods We determined Cre recombination activity of Pdx1-Cre in the gallbladder using a reporter strain and examined gallbladder tumor development in the KrasLSL- G12D/+;Pdx1-Cre mice. We analyzed expression of Notch pathway genes in the mouse gallbladder by immunohistochemistry, quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. We also determined the effect of Jag1 deletion on Kras-induced gallbladder tumor development. Results Pdx1-Cre exhibits robust recombination activity in the gallbladder epithelium. KrasLSL-G12D/+;Pdx1-Cre mice form early onset adenoma in the gallbladder and adjacent biliary tract with complete penetrance, albeit short of invasive adenocarcinoma. KrasG12D upregulates expressions of Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Jag1 and downstream target genes Hes1, Hey1 and Hey2, and deletion of Jag1 partially suppresses KrasG12D-induced adenoma development. Conclusions KrasG12D induces gallbladder adenoma and Notch plays a key role in Kras-initiated gallbladder tumorigenesis.
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23
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Hussain M, Xu C, Ahmad M, Yang Y, Lu M, Wu X, Tang L, Wu X. Notch Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:676-693. [PMID: 29025966 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.110254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung development is mediated by assorted signaling proteins and orchestrated by complex mesenchymal-epithelial interactions. Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved cell-cell communication mechanism that exhibits a pivotal role in lung development. Notably, both aberrant expression and loss of regulation of Notch signaling are critically linked to the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, in particular, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and asthmatic airway remodeling; implying that precise regulation of intensity and duration of Notch signaling is imperative for appropriate lung development. Moreover, evidence suggests that Notch signaling links embryonic lung development and asthmatic airway remodeling. Herein, we summarized all-recent advances associated with the mechanistic role of Notch signaling in lung development, consequences of aberrant expression or deletion of Notch signaling in linking early-impaired lung development and asthmatic airway remodeling, and all recently investigated potential therapeutic strategies to treat asthmatic airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaddique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Mashaal Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Youping Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Meiping Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Xiling Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Lanfang Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
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24
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Siebel C, Lendahl U. Notch Signaling in Development, Tissue Homeostasis, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1235-1294. [PMID: 28794168 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily highly conserved signaling mechanism, but in contrast to signaling pathways such as Wnt, Sonic Hedgehog, and BMP/TGF-β, Notch signaling occurs via cell-cell communication, where transmembrane ligands on one cell activate transmembrane receptors on a juxtaposed cell. Originally discovered through mutations in Drosophila more than 100 yr ago, and with the first Notch gene cloned more than 30 yr ago, we are still gaining new insights into the broad effects of Notch signaling in organisms across the metazoan spectrum and its requirement for normal development of most organs in the body. In this review, we provide an overview of the Notch signaling mechanism at the molecular level and discuss how the pathway, which is architecturally quite simple, is able to engage in the control of cell fates in a broad variety of cell types. We discuss the current understanding of how Notch signaling can become derailed, either by direct mutations or by aberrant regulation, and the expanding spectrum of diseases and cancers that is a consequence of Notch dysregulation. Finally, we explore the emerging field of Notch in the control of tissue homeostasis, with examples from skin, liver, lung, intestine, and the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, California; and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, California; and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor controls cyclin O to promote epithelial multiciliogenesis. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12652. [PMID: 27554288 PMCID: PMC4999520 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelia function as barriers against environmental insults and express the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). However, AhR function in these tissues is unknown. Here we show that AhR regulates multiciliogenesis in both murine airway epithelia and in Xenopus laevis epidermis. In air-exposed airway epithelia, induction of factors required for multiciliogenesis, including cyclin O (Ccno) and Multicilin (Mcidas), is AhR dependent, and air exposure induces AhR binding to the Ccno promoter. Submersion and hypoxic conditions impede AhR-dependent Ccno induction. This is mediated by the persistence of Notch signalling, as Notch blockade renders multiciliogenesis and Ccno induction by AhR independent from air exposure. In contrast to Ccno induction, air exposure does not induce the canonical AhR target cytochrome P450 1a1 (Cyp1a1). Inversely, exposure to AhR ligands induces Cyp1a1 but not Ccno and impeded ciliogenesis. These data indicate that AhR involvement in detoxification of environmental pollutants may impede its physiological role, resulting in respiratory pathology. Epithelia are barriers against environmental insults and express the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Here the authors show that AhR regulates multiciliogenesis via cyclin O and Multicilin in a Notch-dependent manner and that this is blocked by toxic ligands.
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26
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Epithelial Notch signaling regulates lung alveolar morphogenesis and airway epithelial integrity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:8242-7. [PMID: 27364009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1511236113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal enlargement of the alveolar spaces is a hallmark of conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Notch signaling is crucial for differentiation and regeneration and repair of the airway epithelium. However, how Notch influences the alveolar compartment and integrates this process with airway development remains little understood. Here we report a prominent role of Notch signaling in the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions that lead to alveolar formation in the developing lung. We found that alveolar type II cells are major sites of Notch2 activation and show by Notch2-specific epithelial deletion (Notch2(cNull)) a unique contribution of this receptor to alveologenesis. Epithelial Notch2 was required for type II cell induction of the PDGF-A ligand and subsequent paracrine activation of PDGF receptor-α signaling in alveolar myofibroblast progenitors. Moreover, Notch2 was crucial in maintaining the integrity of the epithelial and smooth muscle layers of the distal conducting airways. Our data suggest that epithelial Notch signaling regulates multiple aspects of postnatal development in the distal lung and may represent a potential target for intervention in pulmonary diseases.
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Dye BR, Miller AJ, Spence JR. How to Grow a Lung: Applying Principles of Developmental Biology to Generate Lung Lineages from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 4:47-57. [PMID: 27340610 PMCID: PMC4882378 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-016-0102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The number and severity of diseases affecting human lung development and adult respiratory function has stimulated great interest in new in vitro models to study the human lung. This review summarizes the most recent breakthroughs deriving lung lineages in a dish by directing the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. A variety of culturing platforms have been developed, including two-dimensional and three-dimensional (organoid) culture platforms, to derive specific cell types and structures of the lung. These stem cell-derived lung models will further our understanding of human lung development, disease, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana R. Dye
- />Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Alyssa J. Miller
- />Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
- />Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Jason R. Spence
- />Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
- />Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
- />Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
- />Center for Organogenesis, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
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Zhou Y, Liao S, Zhang Z, Wang B, Wan L. Astragalus injection attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via down-regulating Jagged1/Notch1 in lungs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:389-96. [PMID: 26817817 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inhibition of Notch signalling is a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis. This study was designed to investigate the antifibrosis effects and possible mechanism of astragalus injection (AI) on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. METHODS Pulmonary fibrosis was induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (5 mg/kg) in male SD rats. All rats received daily intraperitoneally administration of dexamethasone (DEX, 3 mg/kg), astragalus injection (AI, 8 g/kg) or saline 1 day after bleomycin instillation daily for 28 days. Histological changes in the lung were evaluated by haematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. The expression of α-smooth muscle protein (α-SMA) was assayed by immunohistochemical (IHC). The mRNA and protein level of Jagged1, Notch1 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was analysed by qPCR and Western blot. KEY FINDINGS BLM-induced severe alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis; together with significant elevation of α-SMA, TGF-β1, Jagged1 and Notch1. Astragalus injection (AI, 8 g/kg) administration notably attenuated the degree of alveolitis and lung fibrosis, and markedly reduced the elevated levels of α-SMA, TGF-β1, Jagged1 and Notch1 in lungs. CONCLUSIONS Astragalus injection (AI, 8 g/kg) may exert protective effects on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via downregulating Jagged1/Notch1 in lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiping Liao
- Functional Laboratory, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lihong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Sichuan University 985 project - Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Novel Drug Development', Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Therapeutic antibodies reveal Notch control of transdifferentiation in the adult lung. Nature 2015; 528:127-31. [PMID: 26580007 DOI: 10.1038/nature15715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Prevailing dogma holds that cell-cell communication through Notch ligands and receptors determines binary cell fate decisions during progenitor cell divisions, with differentiated lineages remaining fixed. Mucociliary clearance in mammalian respiratory airways depends on secretory cells (club and goblet) and ciliated cells to produce and transport mucus. During development or repair, the closely related Jagged ligands (JAG1 and JAG2) induce Notch signalling to determine the fate of these lineages as they descend from a common proliferating progenitor. In contrast to such situations in which cell fate decisions are made in rapidly dividing populations, cells of the homeostatic adult airway epithelium are long-lived, and little is known about the role of active Notch signalling under such conditions. To disrupt Jagged signalling acutely in adult mammals, here we generate antibody antagonists that selectively target each Jagged paralogue, and determine a crystal structure that explains selectivity. We show that acute Jagged blockade induces a rapid and near-complete loss of club cells, with a concomitant gain in ciliated cells, under homeostatic conditions without increased cell death or division. Fate analyses demonstrate a direct conversion of club cells to ciliated cells without proliferation, meeting a conservative definition of direct transdifferentiation. Jagged inhibition also reversed goblet cell metaplasia in a preclinical asthma model, providing a therapeutic foundation. Our discovery that Jagged antagonism relieves a blockade of cell-to-cell conversion unveils unexpected plasticity, and establishes a model for Notch regulation of transdifferentiation.
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Zeng C, Xing R, Liu J, Xing F. Role of CSL-dependent and independent Notch signaling pathways in cell apoptosis. Apoptosis 2015; 21:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Hines EA, Sun X. Tissue crosstalk in lung development. J Cell Biochem 2015; 115:1469-77. [PMID: 24644090 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung development follows a stereotypic program orchestrated by key interactions among epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. Deviations from this developmental program can lead to pulmonary diseases including bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension. Significant efforts have been made to examine the cellular and molecular basis of the tissue interactions underlying these stereotypic developmental processes. Genetically engineered mouse models, lung organ culture, and advanced imaging techniques are a few of the tools that have expanded our understanding of the tissue interactions that drive lung development. Intimate crosstalk has been identified between the epithelium and mesenchyme, distinct mesenchymal tissues, and individual epithelial cells types. For interactions such as the epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk regulating lung specification and branching morphogenesis, the key molecular players, FGF, BMP, WNT, and SHH, are well established. Additionally, VEGF regulation underlies the epithelial-endothelial crosstalk that coordinates airway branching with angiogenesis. Recent work also discovered a novel role for SHH in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition of the mesothelium. In contrast, the molecular basis for the crosstalk between upper airway cartilage and smooth muscle is not yet known. In this review we examine current evidence of the tissue interactions and molecular crosstalk that underlie the stereotypic patterning of the developing lung and mediate injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Hines
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706
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Hu B, Wu Z, Bai D, Liu T, Ullenbruch MR, Phan SH. Mesenchymal deficiency of Notch1 attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:3066-75. [PMID: 26358219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of cell fate, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in development and disease. Previous studies suggest the importance of Notch1 in myofibroblast differentiation in lung alveogenesis and fibrosis. However, direct in vivo evidence of Notch1-mediated myofibroblast differentiation is lacking. In this study, we examined the effects of conditional mesenchymal-specific deletion of Notch1 on pulmonary fibrosis. Crossing of mice bearing the floxed Notch1 gene with α2(I) collagen enhancer-Cre-ER(T)-bearing mice successfully generated progeny with a conditional knockout (CKO) of Notch1 in collagen I-expressing (mesenchymal) cells on treatment with tamoxifen (Notch1 CKO). Because Notch signaling is known to be activated in the bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis, control and Notch1 CKO mice were analyzed for their responses to bleomycin treatment. The results showed significant attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis in CKO relative to control mice, as examined by collagen deposition, myofibroblast differentiation, and histopathology. However, there were no significant differences in inflammatory or immune cell influx between bleomycin-treated CKO and control mouse lungs. Analysis of isolated lung fibroblasts confirmed absence of Notch1 expression in cells from CKO mice, which contained fewer myofibroblasts and significantly diminished collagen I expression relative to those from control mice. These findings revealed an essential role for Notch1-mediated myofibroblast differentiation in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David Bai
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tianju Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Matthew R Ullenbruch
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sem H Phan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Londhe VA, Tomi T, Nguyen TT, Lopez B, Smith JB. Overexpression of LINCR in the developing mouse lung epithelium inhibits distal differentiation and induces cystic changes. Dev Dyn 2015; 244:827-38. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vedang A. Londhe
- Neonatal Research Center; Department of Pediatrics; Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Tomoko Tomi
- Neonatal Research Center; Department of Pediatrics; Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Tam T. Nguyen
- Neonatal Research Center; Department of Pediatrics; Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Benjamin Lopez
- Neonatal Research Center; Department of Pediatrics; Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Jeffrey B. Smith
- Neonatal Research Center; Department of Pediatrics; Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
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Mori M, Mahoney JE, Stupnikov MR, Paez-Cortez JR, Szymaniak AD, Varelas X, Herrick DB, Schwob J, Zhang H, Cardoso WV. Notch3-Jagged signaling controls the pool of undifferentiated airway progenitors. Development 2015; 142:258-67. [PMID: 25564622 DOI: 10.1242/dev.116855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Basal cells are multipotent airway progenitors that generate distinct epithelial cell phenotypes crucial for homeostasis and repair of the conducting airways. Little is known about how these progenitor cells expand and transition to differentiation to form the pseudostratified airway epithelium in the developing and adult lung. Here, we show by genetic and pharmacological approaches that endogenous activation of Notch3 signaling selectively controls the pool of undifferentiated progenitors of upper airways available for differentiation. This mechanism depends on the availability of Jag1 and Jag2, and is key to generating a population of parabasal cells that later activates Notch1 and Notch2 for secretory-multiciliated cell fate selection. Disruption of this mechanism resulted in aberrant expansion of basal cells and altered pseudostratification. Analysis of human lungs showing similar abnormalities and decreased NOTCH3 expression in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suggests an involvement of NOTCH3-dependent events in the pathogenesis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munemasa Mori
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - John E Mahoney
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Maria R Stupnikov
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jesus R Paez-Cortez
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Dan B Herrick
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - James Schwob
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Activation of NOTCH1 or NOTCH3 signaling skews human airway basal cell differentiation toward a secretory pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116507. [PMID: 25700162 PMCID: PMC4336283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway basal cells (BC) function as stem/progenitor cells capable of differentiating into the luminal ciliated and secretory cells to replenish the airway epithelium during physiological turnover and repair. The objective of this study was to define the role of Notch signaling in regulating human airway BC differentiation into a pseudostratified mucociliated epithelium. Notch inhibition with γ-secretase inhibitors demonstrated Notch activation is essential for BC differentiation into secretory and ciliated cells, but more so for the secretory lineage. Sustained cell autonomous ligand independent Notch activation via lentivirus expression of the intracellular domain of each Notch receptor (NICD1-4) demonstrated that the NOTCH2 and 4 pathways have little effect on BC differentiation into secretory and ciliated cells, while activation of the NOTCH1 or 3 pathways has a major influence, with persistent expression of NICD1 or 3 resulting in a skewing toward secretory cell differentiation with a parallel decrease in ciliated cell differentiation. These observations provide insights into the control of the balance of BC differentiation into the secretory vs ciliated cell lineage, a balance that is critical for maintaining the normal function of the airway epithelium in barrier defense against the inhaled environment.
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Volckaert T, De Langhe SP. Wnt and FGF mediated epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk during lung development. Dev Dyn 2014; 244:342-66. [PMID: 25470458 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adaptation to terrestrial life required the development of an organ capable of efficient air-blood gas exchange. To meet the metabolic load of cellular respiration, the mammalian respiratory system has evolved from a relatively simple structure, similar to the two-tube amphibian lung, to a highly complex tree-like system of branched epithelial airways connected to a vast network of gas exchanging units called alveoli. The development of such an elaborate organ in a relatively short time window is therefore an extraordinary feat and involves an intimate crosstalk between mesodermal and endodermal cell lineages. RESULTS This review describes the molecular processes governing lung development with an emphasis on the current knowledge on the role of Wnt and FGF signaling in lung epithelial differentiation. CONCLUSIONS The Wnt and FGF signaling pathways are crucial for the dynamic and reciprocal communication between epithelium and mesenchyme during lung development. In addition, some of this developmental crosstalk is reemployed in the adult lung after injury to drive regeneration, and may, when aberrantly or chronically activated, result in chronic lung diseases. Novel insights into how the Wnt and FGF pathways interact and are integrated into a complex gene regulatory network will not only provide us with essential information about how the lung regenerates itself, but also enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases, as well as improve the controlled differentiation of lung epithelium from pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Volckaert
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cell Biology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; The Inflammation Research Center, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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IL-6/STAT3 promotes regeneration of airway ciliated cells from basal stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E3641-9. [PMID: 25136113 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1409781111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pseudostratified airway epithelium of the lung contains a balanced proportion of multiciliated and secretory luminal cells that are maintained and regenerated by a population of basal stem cells. However, little is known about how these processes are modulated in vivo, and about the potential role of cytokine signaling between stem and progenitor cells and their niche. Using a clonal 3D organoid assay, we found that IL-6 stimulated, and Stat3 inhibitors reduced, the generation of ciliated vs. secretory cells from basal cells. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies with cultured mouse and human basal cells suggest that IL-6/Stat3 signaling promotes ciliogenesis at multiple levels, including increases in multicilin gene and forkhead box protein J1 expression and inhibition of the Notch pathway. To test the role of IL-6 in vivo genetically, we followed the regeneration of mouse tracheal epithelium after ablation of luminal cells by inhaled SO2. Stat3 is activated in basal cells and their daughters early in the repair process, correlating with an increase in Il-6 expression in platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha(+) mesenchymal cells in the stroma. Conditional deletion in basal cells of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, encoding a negative regulator of the Stat3 pathway, results in an increase in multiciliated cells at the expense of secretory and basal cells. By contrast, Il-6 null mice regenerate fewer ciliated cells and an increased number of secretory cells after injury. The results support a model in which IL-6, produced in the reparative niche, functions to enhance the differentiation of basal cells, and thereby acts as a "friend" to promote airway repair rather than a "foe."
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Abstract
The clinical manifestations of asthma are caused by obstruction of the conducting airways of the lung. Two airway cell types are critical for asthma pathogenesis: epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Airway epithelial cells, which are the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens and particles, initiate airway inflammation and produce mucus, an important contributor to airway obstruction. The other main cause of airway obstruction is contraction of airway smooth muscle. Complementary experimental approaches involving cultured cells, animal models, and human clinical studies have provided many insights into diverse mechanisms that contribute to airway epithelial and smooth muscle cell pathology in this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Erle
- Lung Biology Center and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Lung Biology Center and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
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Yang J, Chen J. Developmental programs of lung epithelial progenitors: a balanced progenitor model. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2014; 3:331-47. [PMID: 25124755 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The daunting task of lung epithelium development is to transform a cluster of foregut progenitors into a three-dimensional (3D) tubular network with distinct cell types distributed at their appropriate locations. A complete understanding of lung development needs to address not only how, but also where, different cell types form. We propose that the lung epithelium forms through regulated deployment of three developmental programs: branching morphogenesis to expand progenitors and build a tree-like tubular network, airway differentiation to specify cells for the proximal conducting airways, and alveolar differentiation to specify cells for the peripheral gas exchange region. Each developmental program has its unique morphological features and molecular control mechanisms; their spatiotemporal coordination can be accounted for in a balanced progenitor model where progenitors balance between alternative developmental programs in response to spatiotemporal cues. This model integrates progenitor morphogenesis and differentiation, and provides new insights to lung immaturity in preterm birth and lung evolution. Advanced gene targeting and 3D imaging tools are needed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of lung epithelial progenitors on molecular, cellular, and morphological levels. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Zhang S, Chung WC, Miele L, Xu K. Targeting Met and Notch in the Lfng-deficient, Met-amplified triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:633-42. [PMID: 24556651 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.28180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15-20% of breast carcinomas and represents one of the most aggressive forms of this disease. Basal and claudin-low are the two main molecular subtypes among TNBCs. We previously reported that deletion of Lfng in mouse mammary gland caused deregulated Notch activation and induced basal-like and claudin-low tumors with co-selection for Met amplification. In human breast cancers, the vast majority of basal tumors and a subset of claudin-low tumors show reduced Lfng expression. Elevated Met expression and activation is associated with basal as well as claudin-low subtypes. To examine roles of Met and Notch in TNBC cells, we established two cell lines that harbor Met amplification as well as Lfng deletion, and possess features of basal and claudin-low breast cancer subtypes. Pharmacological inhibition of Met not only suppressed cell growth, tumorsphere and colony formation, but also reversed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inhibited cell migration in both cell lines. In contrast, inhibition of Notch signaling using a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) only suppressed colony formation. Interestingly, GSI had no effect as single agent, but exerted a synergistic effect with Met inhibitor, on cell growth in 2D culture. We found that inhibition of Met resulted in downregulation of Dll ligands and upregulation of Jagged ligands, leading to differential modulation of Notch signaling. Our results suggest that combination targeting of Met and Notch may prove beneficial for TNBC patients with Met overexpression and Notch hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubing Zhang
- Cancer Institute; University of Mississippi Medical Center; Jackson, MS USA
| | - Wen-cheng Chung
- Cancer Institute; University of Mississippi Medical Center; Jackson, MS USA
| | - Lucio Miele
- Cancer Institute; University of Mississippi Medical Center; Jackson, MS USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Mississippi Medical Center; Jackson, MS USA
| | - Keli Xu
- Cancer Institute; University of Mississippi Medical Center; Jackson, MS USA; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences; University of Mississippi Medical Center; Jackson, MS USA
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