1
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Naganathan SR. An emerging role for tissue plasticity in developmental precision. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:987-995. [PMID: 38716859 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Reproducible tissue morphology is a fundamental feature of embryonic development. To ensure such robustness during tissue morphogenesis, inherent noise in biological processes must be buffered. While redundant genes, parallel signaling pathways and intricate network topologies are known to reduce noise, over the last few years, mechanical properties of tissues have been shown to play a vital role. Here, taking the example of somite shape changes, I will discuss how tissues are highly plastic in their ability to change shapes leading to increased precision and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundar Ram Naganathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
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2
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Bardhan S, Bhargava N, Dighe S, Vats N, Naganathan SR. Emergence of a left-right symmetric body plan in vertebrate embryos. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 159:310-342. [PMID: 38729680 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
External bilateral symmetry is a prevalent feature in vertebrates, which emerges during early embryonic development. To begin with, vertebrate embryos are largely radially symmetric before transitioning to bilaterally symmetry, after which, morphogenesis of various bilateral tissues (e.g somites, otic vesicle, limb bud), and structures (e.g palate, jaw) ensue. While a significant amount of work has probed the mechanisms behind symmetry breaking in the left-right axis leading to asymmetric positioning of internal organs, little is known about how bilateral tissues emerge at the same time with the same shape and size and at the same position on the two sides of the embryo. By discussing emergence of symmetry in many bilateral tissues and structures across vertebrate model systems, we highlight that understanding symmetry establishment is largely an open field, which will provide deep insights into fundamental problems in developmental biology for decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Bardhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Nandini Bhargava
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Swarali Dighe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Vats
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Sundar Ram Naganathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India.
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3
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D’Iglio C, Famulari S, Albano M, Carnevale A, Di Fresco D, Costanzo M, Lanteri G, Spanò N, Savoca S, Capillo G. Intraspecific variability of the saccular and utricular otoliths of the hatchetfish Argyropelecus hemigymnus (Cocco, 1829) from the Strait of Messina (Central Mediterranean Sea). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281621. [PMID: 36787328 PMCID: PMC9928127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesopelagic species are enjoining increasing attention due to the growing impact of fisheries activities on deep marine biocenosis. Improving the knowledge base on mesopelagic species is required to enhance their conservation due to the knowledge gaps regarding many species and families. In this context, otoliths can be fundamental to assessing their life history, ecomorphological adaptation to the deep environment and stock composition. The present paper aims to explore the saccular and utricular otoliths morphology and intra-specific variability of the hatchetfish, Argyropelecus hemigymnus, from the Strait of Messina. Lapilli and sagittae were collected from 70 specimens and separated into four size classes. Morphometric, shape and SEM investigations were performed to describe their morphology, contours, and external structural organization, also studying their intraspecific variability related to sample sizes and differences between otolith pairs. Results showed an otolith morphology different from those reported in the literature with fluctuating asymmetry in sagittae and lapilli belonging to Class IV, and a high otolith variability between all the size classes. Data herein described confirm the otoliths singularity of the population from the Strait of Messina, shaped by a unique marine environment for oceanographic and ecological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D’Iglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sergio Famulari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Albano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alex Carnevale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Dario Di Fresco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Costanzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lanteri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Serena Savoca
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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4
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Blanco-Obregon D, El Marzkioui K, Brutscher F, Kapoor V, Valzania L, Andersen DS, Colombani J, Narasimha S, McCusker D, Léopold P, Boulan L. A Dilp8-dependent time window ensures tissue size adjustment in Drosophila. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5629. [PMID: 36163439 PMCID: PMC9512784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33387-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of organ size mainly relies on precise autonomous growth programs. However, organ development is subject to random variations, called developmental noise, best revealed by the fluctuating asymmetry observed between bilateral organs. The developmental mechanisms ensuring bilateral symmetry in organ size are mostly unknown. In Drosophila, null mutations for the relaxin-like hormone Dilp8 increase wing fluctuating asymmetry, suggesting that Dilp8 plays a role in buffering developmental noise. Here we show that size adjustment of the wing primordia involves a peak of dilp8 expression that takes place sharply at the end of juvenile growth. Wing size adjustment relies on a cross-organ communication involving the epidermis as the source of Dilp8. We identify ecdysone signaling as both the trigger for epidermal dilp8 expression and its downstream target in the wing primordia, thereby establishing reciprocal hormonal feedback as a systemic mechanism, which controls organ size and bilateral symmetry in a narrow developmental time window. Mechanisms ensuring developmental precision are poorly understood. Here Blanco-Obregon et al. report reciprocal feedback between Dilp8 and Ecdysone, two hormones required during a precise time window of Drosophila development for organ size adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Blanco-Obregon
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, UPMC Paris-Sorbonne, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - K El Marzkioui
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, UPMC Paris-Sorbonne, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - F Brutscher
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Kapoor
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, UPMC Paris-Sorbonne, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - L Valzania
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, UPMC Paris-Sorbonne, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - D S Andersen
- Depatment of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - J Colombani
- Depatment of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - S Narasimha
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, UPMC Paris-Sorbonne, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - D McCusker
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - P Léopold
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, UPMC Paris-Sorbonne, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - L Boulan
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, UPMC Paris-Sorbonne, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France.
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5
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Naganathan SR, Popović M, Oates AC. Left-right symmetry of zebrafish embryos requires somite surface tension. Nature 2022; 605:516-521. [PMID: 35477753 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The body axis of vertebrate embryos is periodically segmented into bilaterally symmetric pairs of somites1,2. The anteroposterior length of somites, their position and left-right symmetry are thought to be molecularly determined before somite morphogenesis3,4. Here we show that, in zebrafish embryos, initial somite anteroposterior lengths and positions are imprecise and, consequently, many somite pairs form left-right asymmetrically. Notably, these imprecisions are not left unchecked and we find that anteroposterior lengths adjust within an hour after somite formation, thereby increasing morphological symmetry. We find that anteroposterior length adjustments result entirely from changes in somite shape without change in somite volume, with changes in anteroposterior length being compensated by corresponding changes in mediolateral length. The anteroposterior adjustment mechanism is facilitated by somite surface tension, which we show by comparing in vivo experiments and in vitro single-somite explant cultures using a mechanical model. Length adjustment is inhibited by perturbation of molecules involved in surface tension, such as integrin and fibronectin. By contrast, the adjustment mechanism is unaffected by perturbations to the segmentation clock, therefore revealing a distinct process that influences morphological segment lengths. We propose that tissue surface tension provides a general mechanism to adjust shapes and ensure precision and symmetry of tissues in developing embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundar R Naganathan
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Marko Popović
- Institute of Physics, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Max Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany. .,Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Andrew C Oates
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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6
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Directional Bilateral Asymmetry in Fish Otolith: A Potential Tool to Evaluate Stock Boundaries? Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13060987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The otolith, found in both inner ears of bony fish, has mainly been used to estimate fish age. Another application that has been developing significantly in recent years, however, is the use of otolith shape as a tool for stock identification. Often, studies have directly used the shape asymmetry between the right and left otoliths. We tested the magnitude of directional asymmetry between the sagittal otoliths (left vs. right) of 2991 individuals according to their catch locations, and we selected species to evaluate whether directional asymmetry may itself be a tool to evaluate stock boundaries. Elliptical Fourier descriptors were used to describe the otolith shape. We used a flatfish, the common sole (Solea solea, n = 2431), from the eastern English Channel and the southern North Sea as well as a roundfish, the bogue (Boops boops, n = 560), from the Mediterranean Sea. Both species showed significant levels of directional asymmetry between the testing locations. The bogue otoliths showed significant asymmetry for only 5 out of 11 locations, with substantial separation between two large areas: the Algerian coast and the western part of the Italian coast. The sole otoliths showed significant asymmetry in the shape analysis (3.84%–6.57%), suggesting a substantial separation between two large areas: the English and French parts of the English Channel and the southern North Sea. Consequently, directional bilateral asymmetry in otolith shape is a potential new method for stock identification.
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7
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Boulan L, Léopold P. What determines organ size during development and regeneration? Development 2021; 148:148/1/dev196063. [PMID: 33431590 DOI: 10.1242/dev.196063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The sizes of living organisms span over 20 orders of magnitude or so. This daunting observation could intimidate researchers aiming to understand the general mechanisms controlling growth. However, recent progress suggests the existence of principles common to organisms as diverse as fruit flies, mice and humans. As we review here, these studies have provided insights into both autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms controlling organ growth as well as some of the principles underlying growth coordination between organs and across bilaterally symmetrical organisms. This research tackles several aspects of developmental biology and integrates inputs from physics, mathematical modelling and evolutionary biology. Although many open questions remain, this work also helps to shed light on medically related conditions such as tissue and limb regeneration, as well as metabolic homeostasis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Boulan
- Institut Curie, PSL University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Genetics and Developmental Biology unit, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Léopold
- Institut Curie, PSL University, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Genetics and Developmental Biology unit, 75005 Paris, France
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8
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Więcaszek B, Nowosielski A, Dąbrowski J, Górecka K, Keszka S, Strzelczak A. Fish size effect on sagittal otolith outer shape variability in round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas 1814). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 97:1520-1541. [PMID: 32875589 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas 1814) has become a significant component in the diet of piscivorous fish from the Pomeranian Bay (Bornholm Basin, Baltic Sea). Proper identification of fish species in the diet of predators is significant in biological studies of fish and other aquatic animal species, and, with regard to N. melanostomus, it is important to the knowledge of trophic web structures in areas this species has invaded. A total of 142 individuals of N. melanostomus, measuring 16-174 mm standard length, were examined. Seventy-two fishes were caught during monitoring surveys in fishing grounds, whereas 70 were found in the stomachs of European perch Perca fluviatilis, pike-perch Sander lucioperca and Baltic cod Gadus morhua. The objective of the present study was to analyse the sagittal otoliths to identify variations in outer shape with increases in fish length; expand and correct descriptions of the sagitta, lapillus and asteriscus otoliths; and evaluate the relationships among otolith dimensions and fish standard length. The otoliths were described morphologically. The analysis of the outer shape of sagittal otoliths using Fourier analysis and multivariate statistics exhibited great phenotypic variability that was associated with fish length, including within pairs in individuals and/or among individuals in length classes. In addition, the asterisci and lapilli of N. melanostomus from selected specimens, which were described for the first time with regard to fish length, were found to be less variable compared to sagittal otoliths. This study presents the first analysis of intrapopulation phenotypic plasticity of N. melanostomus sagittal otolith morphology as it is linked to fish size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Więcaszek
- Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Adam Nowosielski
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Dąbrowski
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, Research Center in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Klaudia Górecka
- Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sławomir Keszka
- Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Strzelczak
- Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
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9
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Wong M, Gilmour D. Getting back on track: exploiting canalization to uncover the mechanisms of developmental robustness. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2020; 63:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Mosaliganti KR, Swinburne IA, Chan CU, Obholzer ND, Green AA, Tanksale S, Mahadevan L, Megason SG. Size control of the inner ear via hydraulic feedback. eLife 2019; 8:39596. [PMID: 31571582 PMCID: PMC6773445 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals make organs of precise size, shape, and symmetry but how developing embryos do this is largely unknown. Here, we combine quantitative imaging, physical theory, and physiological measurement of hydrostatic pressure and fluid transport in zebrafish to study size control of the developing inner ear. We find that fluid accumulation creates hydrostatic pressure in the lumen leading to stress in the epithelium and expansion of the otic vesicle. Pressure, in turn, inhibits fluid transport into the lumen. This negative feedback loop between pressure and transport allows the otic vesicle to change growth rate to control natural or experimentally-induced size variation. Spatiotemporal patterning of contractility modulates pressure-driven strain for regional tissue thinning. Our work connects molecular-driven mechanisms, such as osmotic pressure driven strain and actomyosin tension, to the regulation of tissue morphogenesis via hydraulic feedback to ensure robust control of organ size. Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian A Swinburne
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Chon U Chan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Nikolaus D Obholzer
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Amelia A Green
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Shreyas Tanksale
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - L Mahadevan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Kavli Institute for NanoBio Science and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Sean G Megason
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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