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Guo C, Zhang K, Li C, Xing R, Xu S, Wang D, Wang X. Cyp19a1a Promotes Ovarian Maturation through Regulating E2 Synthesis with Estrogen Receptor 2a in Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1583. [PMID: 38338860 PMCID: PMC10855460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the artificial breeding of Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788), female fish spawn before male release sperm, which indicates rapid ovarian development. In fish, aromatase is responsible for converting androgens into estrogens and estrogen plays a crucial role in ovarian development. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of brain-type and ovarian-type aromatase to study the rapid ovarian development mechanism. The results showed that cyp19a1a was mainly expressed in the ovary and could be classified as the ovarian type, whereas cyp19a1b could be considered as the brain type for its expression was mainly in the brain. During ovarian development, the expression of cyp19a1a in the ovary significantly increased from stage IV to stage V and Cyp19a1a signals were present in the follicle cells, while cyp19a1b expression in the pituitary gland decreased from stage IV to stage V. To further investigate the function of Cyp19a1a, recombinant Cyp19a1a (rCyp19a1a) was produced and specific anti-Cyp19a1a antiserum was obtained. The expressions of cyp19a1a, estrogen receptors 2 alpha (esr2a), and androgen receptor alpha (arα) were significantly upregulated in the presence of rCyp19a1a. Meanwhile, cyp19a1a was expressed significantly after E2 treatment in both ovarian and testicular tissue culture. Taken together, we found two forms of aromatase in silver pomfret. The ovarian-type aromatase might play an important role in ovarian differentiation and maturation, and participate in E2 synthesis through co-regulation with esr2a. The brain-type aromatase cyp19a1b might be involved in the regulation of both brain and gonadal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Guo
- College of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (C.G.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (R.X.); (S.X.); (D.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (C.G.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (R.X.); (S.X.); (D.W.)
| | - Chang Li
- College of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (C.G.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (R.X.); (S.X.); (D.W.)
| | - Ruixue Xing
- College of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (C.G.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (R.X.); (S.X.); (D.W.)
| | - Shanliang Xu
- College of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (C.G.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (R.X.); (S.X.); (D.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Danli Wang
- College of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (C.G.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (R.X.); (S.X.); (D.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xubo Wang
- College of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (C.G.); (K.Z.); (C.L.); (R.X.); (S.X.); (D.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Shen X, Yáñez JM, Bastos Gomes G, Poon ZWJ, Foster D, Alarcon JF, Domingos JA. Comparative gonad transcriptome analysis in cobia ( Rachycentron canadum). Front Genet 2023; 14:1128943. [PMID: 37091808 PMCID: PMC10117682 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1128943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) is a species of fish with high commercial potential particularly due to fast growth rates. The evidence of sexual size dimorphism favoring females indicate potential benefits in having a monosex culture. However, the involvement of genetic factors responsible for sexual development and gonadal maintenance that produces phenotypic sex in cobia is largely unknown. Methods: In the present study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of cobia to identify sex-biased significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in testes and ovaries. The reliability of the gonad transcriptome data was validated by qPCR analysis of eight selected significantly differential expressed sex-related candidate genes. Results: This comparative gonad transcriptomic analysis revealed that 7,120 and 4,628 DEGs are up-regulated in testes or ovaries, respectively. Further functional annotation analyses identified 76 important candidate genes involved in sex determination cascades or sex differentiation, including 42 known testis-biased DEGs (dmrt1, amh and sox9 etc.), and 34 known ovary-biased DEGs (foxl2, sox3 and cyp19a etc.). Moreover, eleven significantly enriched pathways functionally related to sex determination and sex differentiation were identified, including Wnt signaling pathway, oocyte meiosis, the TGF-beta signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: This work represents the first comparative gonad transcriptome study in cobia. The putative sex-associated DEGs and pathways provide an important molecular basis for further investigation of cobia's sex determination, gonadal development as well as potential control breeding of monosex female populations for a possible aquaculture setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Shen
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Xueyan Shen, ; Jose A. Domingos,
| | - José M. Yáñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Giana Bastos Gomes
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Jose A. Domingos
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Xueyan Shen, ; Jose A. Domingos,
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He Z, Ma Z, Yang D, Chen Q, He Z, Hu J, Deng F, Zhang Q, He J, Ye L, Chen H, He L, Huang X, Luo W, Yang S, Gu X, Zhang M, Yan T. Circular RNA expression profiles and CircSnd1-miR-135b/c-foxl2 axis analysis in gonadal differentiation of protogynous hermaphroditic ricefield eel Monopterus albus. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:552. [PMID: 35922747 PMCID: PMC9347082 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression and biological functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in reproductive organs have been extensively reported. However, it is still unclear whether circRNAs are involved in sex change. To this end, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed in gonads at 5 sexual stages (ovary, early intersexual stage gonad, middle intersexual stage gonad, late intersexual stage gonad, and testis) of ricefield eel, and the expression profiles and potential functions of circRNAs were studied. RESULTS Seven hundred twenty-one circRNAs were identified, and the expression levels of 10 circRNAs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and found to be in accordance with the RNA-seq data, suggesting that the RNA-seq data were reliable. Then, the sequence length, category, sequence composition and the relationship between the parent genes of the circRNAs were explored. A total of 147 circRNAs were differentially expressed in the sex change process, and GO and KEGG analyses revealed that some differentially expressed (such as novel_circ_0000659, novel_circ_0004005 and novel_circ_0005865) circRNAs were closely involved in sex change. Furthermore, expression pattern analysis demonstrated that both circSnd1 and foxl2 were downregulated in the process of sex change, which was contrary to mal-miR-135b. Finally, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation showed that circSnd1 and foxl2 can combine with mal-miR-135b and mal-miR-135c. These data revealed that circSnd1 regulates foxl2 expression in the sex change of ricefield eel by acting as a sponge of mal-miR-135b/c. CONCLUSION Our results are the first to demonstrate that circRNAs have potential effects on sex change in ricefield eel; and circSnd1 could regulate foxl2 expression in the sex change of ricefield eel by acting as a sponge of mal-miR-135b/c. These data will be useful for enhancing our understanding of sequential hermaphroditism and sex change in ricefield eel or other teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhijun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Deying Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiqi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhide He
- Luzhou City Department of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxiang Hu
- Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College, Chengdu, 611231, Sichuan, China
| | - Faqiang Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongjun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Taiming Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Brown MS, Evans BS, Afonso LOB. Developmental changes in gene expression and gonad morphology during sex differentiation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Gene 2022; 823:146393. [PMID: 35248662 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a globally important species for its value in fisheries and aquaculture, and as a research model. In order to characterise aspects of sex differentiation at the morphological and mRNA level in this species, the present study examined developmental changes in gonad morphology and gene expression in males and females between 0 and 79 days post hatch (dph). Morphological differentiation of the ovary (indicated by the formation of germ cell cysts) became apparent from 52 dph. By 79 dph, ovarian phenotype was evident in 100% of genotypic females. Testes remained in an undifferentiated-like state throughout the experiment, containing germ cells dispersed singularly within the gonadal region distal to the mesentery. There were no significant sex-related differences in gonad cross-section size, germ cell number or germ cell diameter during the experiment. The expression of genes involved in teleost sex differentiation (anti-müllerian hormone (amh), cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1a (cyp19a1a), forkhead box L2a (foxl2a), gonadal soma-derived factor (gsdf), r-spondin 1 (rspo1), sexually dimorphic on the Y chromosome (sdY)), retinoic acid-signalling (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a2 (aldh1a2), cytochrome P450 family 26 a1 (cyp26a1), cytochrome P450 family 26 b1 (cyp26b1), t-box transcription factor 1 (tbx1a)) and neuroestrogen production (cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1b (cyp19a1b)) was investigated. Significant sex-related differences were observed only for the expression of amh, cyp19a1a, gsdf and sdY. In males, amh, gsdf and sdY were upregulated from 34, 59 and 44 dph respectively. In females, cyp19a1a was upregulated from 66 dph. Independent of sex, foxl2a expression was highest at 0 dph and had reduced ∼ 47-fold by the time of morphological sex differentiation at 52 dph. This study provides new insights into the timing and sequence of some physiological changes associated with sex differentiation in Atlantic salmon. These findings also reveal that some aspects of the mRNA sex differentiation pathways in Atlantic salmon are unique compared to other teleost fishes, including other salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan S Brown
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University Warrnambool Campus, Warrnambool, Victoria 3280, Australia.
| | - Brad S Evans
- Tassal Operations, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Luis O B Afonso
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.
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Molecular identification and expression analysis of foxl2 and sox9b in Oryzias celebensis. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Shen ZG, Eissa N, Yao H, Xie ZG, Wang HP. Effects of Temperature on the Expression of Two Ovarian Differentiation-Related Genes foxl2 and cyp19a1a. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1208. [PMID: 30356866 PMCID: PMC6190877 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to stress induces a series of responses and influences a wide range of biological processes including sex differentiation in fish. The present work investigated the molecular and physiological response to thermal stress throughout the early development stage covering the whole period of sex differentiation of bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus. Larvae were treated using three temperatures, 17, 24, and 32°C from 6 to 90 days posthatching (dph) in 30-L round tanks. There is no significant difference of the sex ratio and survival among the three temperature groups in the geographic population used in this study. Two ovarian differentiation-related genes foxl2 and cyp19a1a were detected at 7 dph suggesting that these genes have already played a role prior to sex differentiation. The expression of foxl2 reached the peak and was thermosensitive just prior to the onset of ovarian differentiation at 27 dph. Histological examination displayed that the proliferation of germ cells and ovarian differentiation were delayed at the low-temperature treatment (17°C) at 97 dph compared with higher temperatures. In conclusion, the water temperature regulates the sex differentiation of bluegill through modulation of the expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a. A comparative study of the expression profile of sex differentiation-related genes in species will shed light on the evolution of sex-determination mechanisms and the impact of stress on sex differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Shen
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nour Eissa
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.,Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hong Yao
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States
| | - Zhi-Gang Xie
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.,College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Han-Ping Wang
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States
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7
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Arabaci Tamer S, Yildirim A, Köroğlu MK, Çevik Ö, Ercan F, Yeğen BÇ. Nesfatin-1 ameliorates testicular injury and supports gonadal function in rats induced with testis torsion. Peptides 2018; 107:1-9. [PMID: 30031042 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Testicular torsion causes ischemia-reperfusion injury and an increased risk of infertility. Nesfatin-1 is a novel peptide with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the putative beneficial effects of nesfatin-1 on oxidative injury and impaired testicular function induced by testis torsion. Under anesthesia, male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-230 g; n = 24) had sham-operation or they underwent testicular torsion by rotating the left testis 720° and fixing it for 2 h, followed by a 2-h detorsion. Rats in each group were treated intraperitoneally with either nesfatin-1 (0.3 μg/kg) or saline prior to the torsion or sham-torsion. At the end of the 4-h experimental period, tissue samples were removed for evaluation of spermatozoa, molecular and histochemical analyses. In saline-treated torsion/detorsion group, a high percentage of abnormal spermatozoa with head defects was observed, which was abolished in nesfatin-1-treated torsion/detorsion group. The levels of 8-OHdG, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, caspase-3 were increased in the saline-treated torsion/detorsion group as compared to sham-operated group, while nesfatin-1 pre-treatment significantly decreased the expressions of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, depressed apoptosis, and also reduced the tubular degeneration. In addition, nesfatin-1 in torsion/detorsion group elevated expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and reduced expressions of protein kinase B (AKT) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the testis tissue. The present findings show that nesfatin-1, by regulating AKT and CREB signaling pathways and pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine balance, preserves the spermatogenic cells and ameliorates torsion-detorsion-induced tubular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Arabaci Tamer
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Yildirim
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Kutay Köroğlu
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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8
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Tsakogiannis A, Manousaki T, Lagnel J, Sterioti A, Pavlidis M, Papandroulakis N, Mylonas CC, Tsigenopoulos CS. The transcriptomic signature of different sexes in two protogynous hermaphrodites: Insights into the molecular network underlying sex phenotype in fish. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3564. [PMID: 29476120 PMCID: PMC5824801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differentiation is a puzzling problem in fish due to the variety of reproductive systems and the flexibility of their sex determination mechanisms. The Sparidae, a teleost family, reflects this remarkable diversity of sexual mechanisms found in fish. Our aim was to capture the transcriptomic signature of different sexes in two protogynous hermaphrodite sparids, the common pandora Pagellus erythrinus and the red porgy Pagrus pagrus in order to shed light on the molecular network contributing to either the female or the male phenotype in these organisms. Through RNA sequencing, we investigated sex-specific differences in gene expression in both species' brains and gonads. The analysis revealed common male and female specific genes/pathways between these protogynous fish. Whereas limited sex differences found in the brain indicate a sexually plastic tissue, in contrast, the great amount of sex-biased genes observed in gonads reflects the functional divergence of the transformed tissue to either its male or female character. Α common "crew" of well-known molecular players is acting to preserve either sex identity of the gonad in these fish. Lastly, this study lays the ground for a deeper understanding of the complex process of sex differentiation in two species with an evolutionary significant reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tsakogiannis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - T Manousaki
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | - J Lagnel
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | - A Sterioti
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | - M Pavlidis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - N Papandroulakis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | - C C Mylonas
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | - C S Tsigenopoulos
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece.
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9
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Yang Y, Liu Q, Xiao Y, Wang X, An H, Song Z, You F, Wang Y, Ma D, Li J. Germ Cell Migration, Proliferation and Differentiation during Gonadal Morphogenesis in All-Female Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys Olivaceus
). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:727-741. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology; Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yongshuang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology; Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Hao An
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology; Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Zongcheng Song
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co. Ltd; Weihai 264200 China
| | - Feng You
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology; Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology; Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Daoyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology; Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266071 China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology; Qingdao 266071 China
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10
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Matsuda M, Sakaizumi M. Evolution of the sex-determining gene in the teleostean genus Oryzias. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 239:80-88. [PMID: 26449160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the genetic sex determination of vertebrates, the gonadal sex depends on the combination of sex chromosomes that a zygote possesses. Despite the discovery of the sex-determining gene (SRY/Sry) in mammals in 1990s, the sex-determining gene in non-mammalian vertebrates remained an enigma for over a decade. In most mammals, the male-inducing master sex-determining gene is located on the Y chromosome and is therefore absent from XX females. A second sex-determining gene, Dmy, was described in the Oryzias latipes in 2002 and has a DNA-binding motif that is different from the motif in the mammalian sex-determining gene SRY or Sry. Dmy is also located on the Y chromosome and is therefore absent in XX females. Seven other sex-determining genes, including candidate genes, are now known in birds, a frog species, and 5 fish species. These findings over the past twenty years have increased our knowledge of sex-determining genes and sex chromosomes among vertebrates. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of sex-determining genes and genetic sex determination systems in fish, especially those of the Oryzias species, which are described in detail. The facts suggest some patterns of how new sex-determining genes emerged and evolved. We believe that these facts are common not only in Oryzias but also in other fish species. This knowledge will help to elucidate the conserved mechanisms from which various sex-determining mechanisms have evolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Matsuda
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Sakaizumi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
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Bertho S, Pasquier J, Pan Q, Le Trionnaire G, Bobe J, Postlethwait JH, Pailhoux E, Schartl M, Herpin A, Guiguen Y. Foxl2 and Its Relatives Are Evolutionary Conserved Players in Gonadal Sex Differentiation. Sex Dev 2016; 10:111-29. [PMID: 27441599 DOI: 10.1159/000447611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxl2 is a member of the large family of Forkhead Box (Fox) domain transcription factors. It emerged during the last 15 years as a key player in ovarian differentiation and oogenesis in vertebrates and especially mammals. This review focuses on Foxl2 genes in light of recent findings on their evolution, expression, and implication in sex differentiation in animals in general. Homologs of Foxl2 and its paralog Foxl3 are found in all metazoans, but their gene evolution is complex, with multiple gains and losses following successive whole genome duplication events in vertebrates. This review aims to decipher the evolutionary forces that drove Foxl2/3 gene specialization through sub- and neo-functionalization during evolution. Expression data in metazoans suggests that Foxl2/3 progressively acquired a role in both somatic and germ cell gonad differentiation and that a certain degree of sub-functionalization occurred after its duplication in vertebrates. This generated a scenario where Foxl2 is predominantly expressed in ovarian somatic cells and Foxl3 in male germ cells. To support this hypothesis, we provide original results showing that in the pea aphid (insects) foxl2/3 is predominantly expressed in sexual females and showing that in bovine ovaries FOXL2 is specifically expressed in granulosa cells. Overall, current results suggest that Foxl2 and Foxl3 are evolutionarily conserved players involved in somatic and germinal differentiation of gonadal sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Bertho
- INRA, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomics, Rennes, France
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Nesfatin-1-Like Peptide Encoded in Nucleobindin-1 in Goldfish is a Novel Anorexigen Modulated by Sex Steroids, Macronutrients and Daily Rhythm. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28377. [PMID: 27329836 PMCID: PMC4916606 DOI: 10.1038/srep28377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 is an 82 amino acid anorexigen encoded in a secreted precursor nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2). NUCB2 was named so due to its high sequence similarity with nucleobindin-1 (NUCB1). It was recently reported that NUCB1 encodes an insulinotropic nesfatin-1-like peptide (NLP) in mice. Here, we aimed to characterize NLP in fish. RT- qPCR showed NUCB1 expression in both central and peripheral tissues. Western blot analysis and/or fluorescence immunohistochemistry determined NUCB1/NLP in the brain, pituitary, testis, ovary and gut of goldfish. NUCB1 mRNA expression in goldfish pituitary and gut displayed a daily rhythmic pattern of expression. Pituitary NUCB1 mRNA expression was downregulated by estradiol, while testosterone upregulated its expression in female goldfish brain. High carbohydrate and fat suppressed NUCB1 mRNA expression in the brain and gut. Intraperitoneal injection of synthetic rat NLP and goldfish NLP at 10 and 100 ng/g body weight doses caused potent inhibition of food intake in goldfish. NLP injection also downregulated the expression of mRNAs encoding orexigens, preproghrelin and orexin-A, and upregulated anorexigen cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript mRNA in goldfish brain. Collectively, these results provide the first set of results supporting the anorectic action of NLP, and the regulation of tissue specific expression of goldfish NUCB1.
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Bhat IA, Rather MA, Saha R, Pathakota GB, Pavan-Kumar A, Sharma R. Expression analysis of Sox9 genes during annual reproductive cycles in gonads and after nanodelivery of LHRH in Clarias batrachus. Res Vet Sci 2016; 106:100-6. [PMID: 27234545 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor Sox9 plays a crucial role in determining the fate of several cell types and is a primary factor in regulation of gonadal development. Present study reports full-length cDNA sequence of Sox9a gene and partial coding sequence (cds) of Sox9b (two duplicate orthologs of Sox9 gene) from Clarias batrachus. The coding region of Sox9a gene encoded a peptide of 460 amino acids. The partial cds of Sox9b with the length of 558bp was amplified that codes for 186 amino acids. Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that Sox9a and Sox9b mRNA expression was significantly higher in gonads and brain tissues. Furthermore Sox9a and Sox9b mRNA expression levels were high during preparatory and pre-spawning phases and decreased gradually with onset of spawning and post-spawning phases of reproductive cycles in gonads. Chitosan nanoconjugated sLHRH (CsLHRH) of particle size 133.0nm and zeta potential of 34.3mV were synthesized and evaluated against naked sLHRH (salmon luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone). The entrapment efficiency of CsLHRH was 63%. CsLHRH nanoparticles increased the expression level of Sox9 transcripts in gonads and steroid hormonal levels in blood of male and female. Thus, our findings clearly indicate that Sox9 genes play essential role during seasonal variation of gonads. Besides, the current study reports that sustained release delivery-system will be helpful for proper gonadal development of fish. To the best of our knowledge, till date no study has been reported on nanodelivery of sLHRH and their effect on reproductive gene expression in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Rather
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Ratnadeep Saha
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Gireesh-Babu Pathakota
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Annam Pavan-Kumar
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Rupam Sharma
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India.
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Bar I, Cummins S, Elizur A. Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes associated with germ cell and gonad development in the Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii). BMC Genomics 2016; 17:217. [PMID: 26965070 PMCID: PMC4785667 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlling and managing the breeding of bluefin tuna (Thunnus spp.) in captivity is an imperative step towards obtaining a sustainable supply of these fish in aquaculture production systems. Germ cell transplantation (GCT) is an innovative technology for the production of inter-species surrogates, by transplanting undifferentiated germ cells derived from a donor species into larvae of a host species. The transplanted surrogates will then grow and mature to produce donor-derived seed, thus providing a simpler alternative to maintaining large-bodied broodstock such as the bluefin tuna. Implementation of GCT for new species requires the development of molecular tools to follow the fate of the transplanted germ cells. These tools are based on key reproductive and germ cell-specific genes. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) provides a rapid, cost-effective method for high throughput gene identification in non-model species. This study utilized RNA-Seq to identify key genes expressed in the gonads of Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii, SBT) and their specific expression patterns in male and female gonad cells. RESULTS Key genes involved in the reproductive molecular pathway and specifically, germ cell development in gonads, were identified using analysis of RNA-Seq transcriptomes of male and female SBT gonad cells. Expression profiles of transcripts from ovary and testis cells were compared, as well as testis germ cell-enriched fraction prepared with Percoll gradient, as used in GCT studies. Ovary cells demonstrated over-expression of genes related to stem cell maintenance, while in testis cells, transcripts encoding for reproduction-associated receptors, sex steroids and hormone synthesis and signaling genes were over-expressed. Within the testis cells, the Percoll-enriched fraction showed over-expression of genes that are related to post-meiosis germ cell populations. CONCLUSIONS Gonad development and germ cell related genes were identified from SBT gonads and their expression patterns in ovary and testis cells were determined. These expression patterns correlate with the reproductive developmental stage of the sampled fish. The majority of the genes described in this study were sequenced for the first time in T. maccoyii. The wealth of SBT gonadal and germ cell-related gene sequences made publicly available by this study provides an extensive resource for further GCT and reproductive molecular biology studies of this commercially valuable fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Bar
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558 Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott Cummins
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558 Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558 Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
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15
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Dmy initiates masculinity by altering Gsdf/Sox9a2/Rspo1 expression in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Sci Rep 2016; 6:19480. [PMID: 26806354 PMCID: PMC4726206 DOI: 10.1038/srep19480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite identification of several sex-determining genes in non-mammalian vertebrates, their detailed molecular cascades of sex determination/differentiation are not known. Here, we used a novel RNAi to characterise the molecular mechanism of Dmy (the sex-determining gene of medaka)-mediated masculinity in XY fish. Dmy knockdown (Dmy-KD) suppressed male pathway (Gsdf, Sox9a2, etc.) and favoured female cascade (Rspo1, etc.) in embryonic XY gonads, resulting in a fertile male-to-female sex-reversal. Gsdf, Sox9a2, and Rspo1 directly interacted with Dmy, and co-injection of Gsdf and Sox9a2 re-established masculinity in XY-Dmy-KD transgenics, insinuating that Dmy initiates masculinity by stimulating and suppressing Gsdf/Sox9a2 and Rspo1 expression, respectively. Gonadal expression of Wt1a starts prior to Dmy and didn’t change upon Dmy-KD. Furthermore, Wt1a stimulated the promoter activity of Dmy, suggesting Wt1a as a regulator of Dmy. These findings provide new insights into the role of vertebrate sex-determining genes associated with the molecular interplay between the male and female pathways.
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Lu J, Zheng M, Zheng J, Liu J, Liu Y, Peng L, Wang P, Zhang X, Wang Q, Luan P, Mahbooband S, Sun X. Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Novel Genes with Sexually Dimorphic Expression in Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) Brain. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 17:613-623. [PMID: 26242754 PMCID: PMC4540775 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is a pivotal freshwater aquaculture species in China. It shows sexual size dimorphism favoring male in growth. Whole transcriptome approach is required to get the overview of genetic toolkit for understanding the sex determination mechanism aiming at devising its monosex production. Beside gonads, the brain is also considered as a major organ for vertebrate reproduction. Transcriptomic analyses on the brain and of different developmental stages will provide the dynamic view necessary for better understanding its sex determination. In this regard, we have performed a de novo assembly of yellow catfish brain transcriptome by high throughput Illumina sequencing. A total number of 154,507 contigs were obtained with the lengths ranging from 201 to 27,822 bp and N50 of 2,101 bp, as well as 20,699 unigenes were identified. Of these unigenes, 13 and 54 unigenes were detected to be XY-specifically expressed genes (SEGs) for one and 2-year-old yellow catfish, while the corresponding numbers of XX-SEGs for those two stages were 19 and 13, respectively. Our work identifies a set of annotated genes that are candidate factors affecting sexual dimorphism as well as simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide variation (SNV) in yellow catfish. To validate the expression patterns of the sex-related genes, we performed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) indicating the reliability and accuracy of our analysis. The results in our study may enhance our understanding of yellow catfish sex determination and potentially help to improve the production of all-male yellow catfish for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Lu
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
- />School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- />National and Local United Engineering Lab for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Harbin, China
| | - Min Zheng
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
- />Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Jiajia Zheng
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
| | - Jian Liu
- />School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yongzhuang Liu
- />School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Lina Peng
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
- />Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
| | - Peixian Luan
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
| | - Shahid Mahbooband
- />Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- />Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070 China
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Nozu R, Horiguchi R, Kobayashi Y, Nakamura M. Expression profile of doublesex/male abnormal-3-related transcription factor-1 during gonadal sex change in the protogynous wrasse, Halichoeres trimaculatus. Mol Reprod Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nozu
- Research Center; Okinawa Churashima Foundation; Motobu Okinawa Japan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center; University of the Ryukyus; Motobu Okinawa Japan
| | - Ryo Horiguchi
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center; University of the Ryukyus; Motobu Okinawa Japan
- Research Equipment Center; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine; Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Kobayashi
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center; University of the Ryukyus; Motobu Okinawa Japan
- Faculty of Science; Ushimado Marine Institute; Okayama University; Setouchi Okayama Japan
| | - Masaru Nakamura
- Research Center; Okinawa Churashima Foundation; Motobu Okinawa Japan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center; University of the Ryukyus; Motobu Okinawa Japan
- Research Institute; Meio University; Nago Okinawa Japan
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18
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Caulier M, Brion F, Chadili E, Turies C, Piccini B, Porcher JM, Guiguen Y, Hinfray N. Localization of steroidogenic enzymes and Foxl2a in the gonads of mature zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 188:96-106. [PMID: 26099948 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In zebrafish, the identification of the cells expressing steroidogenic enzymes and their regulators is far from completely fulfilled though it could provide crucial information on the elucidation of the role of these enzymes. The aim of this study was to better characterize the expression pattern of steroidogenic enzymes involved in estrogen and androgen production (Cyp17-I, Cyp11c1, Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b) and one of their regulators (Foxl2a) in zebrafish gonads. By using immunohistochemistry, we localized the steroid-producing cells in mature zebrafish gonads and determined different expression patterns between males and females. All these steroidogenic enzymes and Foxl2a were detected both in the testis and ovary. In the testis, they were all localized both in Leydig and germ cells except Cyp19a1b which was only detected in germ cells. In the ovary, Cyp17-I, Cyp19a1a and Foxl2a were immunolocalized in both somatic and germ cells while Cyp19a1b was only detected in germ cells and Cyp11c1 in somatic cells. Moreover, Cyp19a1a and Foxl2a did not display exactly the same patterns of spatial localization but their expressions were correlated suggesting a possible regulation of cyp19a1a gene by Foxl2a in zebrafish. Comparative analysis revealed a dimorphic expression of Cyp11c1, Cyp19a1a, Cyp19a1b and Foxl2a between males and females. Overall, our study provides a detailed description of the expression of proteins involved in the biosynthesis of steroidal hormones at the cellular scale within gonads, which is critical to further elucidating the intimate roles of the enzymes and the use of the zebrafish as a model in the field of endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Caulier
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - François Brion
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Edith Chadili
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turies
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Benjamin Piccini
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Yann Guiguen
- INRA, UR1037, Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), IFR140, Ouest-Genopole, F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Nathalie Hinfray
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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Traylor-Knowles NG, Kane EG, Sombatsaphay V, Finnerty JR, Reitzel AM. Sex-specific and developmental expression of Dmrt genes in the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis. EvoDevo 2015; 6:13. [PMID: 25984291 PMCID: PMC4433094 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-015-0013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The molecular mechanisms underlying sex determination and differentiation in animals are incredibly diverse. The Dmrt (doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor) gene family is an evolutionary ancient group of transcription factors dating to the ancestor of metazoans that are, in part, involved in sex determination and differentiation in numerous bilaterian animals and thus represents a potentially conserved mechanism for differentiating males and females dating to the protostome-deuterostome ancestor. Recently, the diversity of this gene family throughout animals has been described, but the expression and potential function for Dmrt genes is not well understood outside the bilaterians. Results Here, we report sex- and developmental-specific expression of all 11 Dmrts in the starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Nine out of the eleven Dmrts showed significant differences in developmental expression, with the highest expression typically in the adult stage and, in some cases, with little or no expression measured during embryogenesis. When expression was compared in females and males, seven of the eleven Dmrt genes had significant differences in expression with higher expression in males than in females for six of the genes. Lastly, expressions of two Dmrt genes with differential expression in each sex are located in the mesenteries and into the pharynx in polyps. Conclusions Our results show that the phylogenetic diversity of Dmrt genes in N. vectensis is matched by an equally diverse pattern of expression during development and in each sex. This dynamic expression suggests multiple functions for Dmrt genes likely present in early diverging metazoans. Detailed functional analyses of individual genes will inform hypotheses regarding the antiquity of function for these transcription factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13227-015-0013-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki G Traylor-Knowles
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, 120 Ocean View Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA
| | - Eric G Kane
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
| | - Vanna Sombatsaphay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
| | - John R Finnerty
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Adam M Reitzel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
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20
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Manousaki T, Tsakogiannis A, Lagnel J, Sarropoulou E, Xiang JZ, Papandroulakis N, Mylonas CC, Tsigenopoulos CS. The sex-specific transcriptome of the hermaphrodite sparid sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo). BMC Genomics 2014; 15:655. [PMID: 25099474 PMCID: PMC4133083 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Teleosts are characterized by a remarkable breadth of sexual mechanisms including various forms of hermaphroditism. Sparidae is a fish family exhibiting gonochorism or hermaphroditism even in closely related species. The sparid Diplodus puntazzo (sharpsnout seabream), exhibits rudimentary hermaphroditism characterized by intersexual immature gonads but single-sex mature ones. Apart from the intriguing reproductive biology, it is economically important with a continuously growing aquaculture in the Mediterranean Sea, but limited available genetic resources. Our aim was to characterize the expressed transcriptome of gonads and brains through RNA-Sequencing and explore the properties of genes that exhibit sex-biased expression profiles. Results Through RNA-Sequencing we obtained an assembled transcriptome of 82,331 loci. The expression analysis uncovered remarkable differences between male and female gonads, while male and female brains were almost identical. Focused search for known targets of sex determination and differentiation in vertebrates built the sex-specific expression profile of sharpsnout seabream. Finally, a thorough genetic marker discovery pipeline led to the retrieval of 85,189 SNPs and 29,076 microsatellites enriching the available genetic markers for this species. Conclusions We obtained a nearly complete source of transcriptomic sequence as well as marker information for sharpsnout seabream, laying the ground for understanding the complex process of sex differentiation of this economically valuable species. The genes involved include known candidates from other vertebrate species, suggesting a conservation of the toolkit between gonochorists and hermaphrodites. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-655) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Costas S Tsigenopoulos
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (I,M,B,B,C,), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H,C,M,R,), Heraklion, Greece.
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21
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Mu WJ, Wen HS, Li JF, He F. Cloning and expression analysis of Foxl2 during the reproductive cycle in Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 39:1419-1430. [PMID: 23546994 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Foxl2 is a member of the winged helix/forkhead family of transcription factors and is known to regulate ovarian aromatase, which plays a crucial role in ovarian differentiation. To address the role of Foxl2 in gonads and brain during gonadal development, we isolated the full-length cDNA of Foxl2 and analyzed its spatiotemporal expression patterns in the viviparous teleost Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. Tissue distribution pattern revealed that the Foxl2 was detected in the liver, fat, gill, brain, and ovary, but could hardly be found in the testis. Reverse transcriptase PCR suggested that Foxl2 in Korean rockfish may involve in ovary development in the study of expression level during gonads development. It also revealed that the stage of highest expression level for Foxl2 was almost much earlier than cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b during the gonadal development stage in gonads and brain except for cyp19a1a in brain. Furthermore, the expression pattern of Foxl2 as well as aromatases may imply the role of Foxl2 in the up-regulation of aromatases not only in the female fish but also in male.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei J Mu
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
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22
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Johnsen H, Tveiten H, Torgersen JS, Andersen Ø. Divergent and sex-dimorphic expression of the paralogs of the Sox9-Amh-Cyp19a1 regulatory cascade in developing and adult atlantic cod (Gadus morhua
L.). Mol Reprod Dev 2013; 80:358-70. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Øivind Andersen
- Nofima Marin; Aas, Norway
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences; Norwegian University of Life Sciences; Ås, Norway
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23
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Kikuchi K, Hamaguchi S. Novel sex-determining genes in fish and sex chromosome evolution. Dev Dyn 2013; 242:339-53. [PMID: 23335327 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the molecular mechanisms underlying many developmental events are conserved across vertebrate taxa, the lability at the top of the sex-determining (SD) cascade has been evident from the fact that four master SD genes have been identified: mammalian Sry; chicken DMRT1; medaka Dmy; and Xenopus laevis DM-W. This diversity is thought to be associated with the turnover of sex chromosomes, which is likely to be more frequent in fishes and other poikilotherms than in therian mammals and birds. Recently, four novel candidates for vertebrate SD genes were reported, all of them in fishes. These include amhy in the Patagonian pejerrey, Gsdf in Oryzias luzonensis, Amhr2 in fugu and sdY in rainbow trout. These studies provide a good opportunity to infer patterns from the seemingly chaotic picture of sex determination systems. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the master SD genes in fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Kikuchi
- Fisheries Laboratory, University of Tokyo, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Küttner E, Nilsson J, Skúlason S, Gunnarsson S, Ferguson MM, Danzmann RG. Sex chromosome polymorphisms in Arctic charr and their evolutionary origins. Genome 2012; 54:852-61. [PMID: 21970434 DOI: 10.1139/g11-041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Current data on the Y-specific sex-determining region of salmonid fishes from genera Salvelinus, Salmo, and Oncorhynchus indicate variable polymorphisms in the homologous chromosomal locations of the sex-specific determining region. In the majority of the Atlantic lineage Arctic charr, including populations from the Fraser River, in Labrador Canada, as well as Swedish and Norwegian strains, the sex-determining locus maps to linkage group AC-4. Previously, sex-linked polymorphisms (i.e., variation in the associated sex-linked markers on AC-4) have been described in Arctic charr. Here, we report further evidence for intraspecific sex linkage group polymorphisms in Arctic charr (i.e., the detection of the SEX locus on either the AC-1 or AC-21 linkage group) and a possible conservation of a sex linkage arrangement in Icelandic Arctic charr and Atlantic salmon, involving sex-linked markers on the AC-1/21 homeologs and the European AS-1/6 homeologous linkage groups in Atlantic salmon. The evolutionary origins for the multiple sex-determining regions within the salmonid family are discussed. We also relate the variable sex-determining regions in salmonids to their ancestral proto-teleost karyotypic origins and compare these findings with what has been observed in other teleost species in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Küttner
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Three sex-determining (SD) genes, SRY (mammals), Dmy (medaka), and DM-W (Xenopus laevis), have been identified to date in vertebrates. However, how and why a new sex-determining gene appears remains unknown, as do the switching mechanisms of the master sex-determining gene. Here, we used positional cloning to search for the sex-determining gene in Oryzias luzonensis and found that GsdfY (gonadal soma derived growth factor on the Y chromosome) has replaced Dmy as the master sex-determining gene in this species. We found that GsdfY showed high expression specifically in males during sex differentiation. Furthermore, the presence of a genomic fragment that included GsdfY converts XX individuals into fertile XX males. Luciferase assays demonstrated that the upstream sequence of GsdfY contributes to the male-specific high expression. Gsdf is downstream of Dmy in the sex-determining cascade of O. latipes, suggesting that emergence of the Dmy-independent Gsdf allele led to the appearance of this novel sex-determining gene in O. luzonensis.
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Sridevi P, Senthilkumaran B. Cloning and differential expression of FOXL2 during ovarian development and recrudescence of the catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 174:259-68. [PMID: 21906596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
FOXL2 is a member of the forkhead/HNF-3-related family of transcription factors which provides tissue-specific gene regulation. It is known to regulate ovarian aromatase, (cyp19a1a) which plays a crucial role in ovarian differentiation. To understand the role of FOXL2 in gonads and brain during ovarian development and recrudescence, we cloned the full-length cDNA of FOXL2 and analyzed its spatio-temporal expression both at transcript and protein levels in the air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Based on its deduced amino acid sequence, an antigenic peptide conjugated with a carrier protein was synthesized which was then used for raising antibody that reacted specifically with FOXL2. Tissue distribution pattern of FOXL2 revealed its presence prominently in ovary and female brain with sexual dimorphism. Highest expression of FOXL2 was observed in ovary and brain during prespawning phase indicating an important role for this correlate in ovarian recrudescence. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment, in vitro and in vivo, induced FOXL2 expression in the ovary during preparatory and prespawning phases. Similar type of enhanced expression was evident in brain after hCG-induction during the prespawning phase. The ontogeny of FOXL2 showed sexual dimorphic expression pattern both in gonads and brain. Based on our previous studies, the expression pattern of FOXL2 was found to be synchronous not only with that of ovarian cyp19a1a but also with brain cyp19a1b. Present study substantiates the role of FOXL2 in the regulation of aromatase in teleosts and also designates FOXL2 as a potential ovary and brain marker during female sex development in catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sridevi
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500 046, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Auguste A, Chassot AA, Grégoire EP, Renault L, Pannetier M, Treier M, Pailhoux E, Chaboissier MC. Loss of R-spondin1 and Foxl2 amplifies female-to-male sex reversal in XX mice. Sex Dev 2011; 5:304-17. [PMID: 22116255 DOI: 10.1159/000334517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, 2 main genetic pathways have been shown to regulate ovarian development. Indeed, a loss of function mutations in Rspo1 and Foxl2 promote partial female-to-male sex reversal. In mice, it has been shown that the secreted protein RSPO1 is involved in ovarian differentiation and the transcription factor FOXL2 is required for follicular formation. Here, we analysed the potential interactions between these 2 genetic pathways and have shown that while Rspo1 expression seems to be independent of Foxl2 up-regulation, Foxl2 expression partly depends of Rspo1 signalisation. This suggests that different Foxl2-positive somatic cell lineages exist within the ovaries. In addition, a combination of both mutated genes in XX Foxl2(-/-)/Rspo1(-/-) gonads promotes sex reversal, detectable at earlier stages than in XX Rspo1(-/-) mutants. Ectopic development of the steroidogenic lineage is more pronounced in XX Foxl2(-/-)/Rspo1(-/-) gonads than in XX Rspo1(-/-) embryos, suggesting that Foxl2 is involved in preventing ectopic steroidogenesis in foetal ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Auguste
- INRA, UMR 1198, Biologie du Développement et de la Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Nakamura M. The mechanism of sex determination in vertebrates-are sex steroids the key-factor? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 313:381-98. [PMID: 20623803 DOI: 10.1002/jez.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In many vertebrate species, sex is determined at fertilization of zygotes by sex chromosome composition, knows as genotypic sex determination (GSD). But in some species-fish, amphibians and reptiles-sex is determined by environmental factors; in particular by temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in TSD and GSD. How does TSD differ from GSD? As is well known, genes that activated downstream of sex-determining genes are conserved throughout all classes of vertebrates. What is the main factor that determines sex, then? Sex steroids can reverse sex of several species of vertebrate; estrogens induce the male-to-female sex-reversal, whereas androgens do the female-to-male sex-reversal. For such sex-reversal, a functioning sex-determining gene is not required. However, in R. rugosa CYP19 (P450 aromatase) is expressed at high levels in indifferent gonads before phenotypic sex determination, and the gene is also active in the bipotential gonad of females before sex determination. Thus, we may predict that an unknown factor, a common transcription factor locates on the X and/or W chromosome, intervenes directly or indirectly in the transcriptional up-regulation of the CYP19 gene for feminization in species of vertebrates with both TSD and GSD. Similarly, an unknown factor on the Z and/or Y chromosome probably intervenes directly or indirectly in the regulation of androgen biosynthesis for masculinization. In both cases, a sex-determining gene is not always necessary for sex determination. Taken together, sex steroids may be the key-factor for sex determination in some species of vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahisa Nakamura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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