1
|
Qu X, Pan Y, Wang P, Ran L, Qin G, Li Q, Kang P. Response of Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities to Salt Stress of Tamarix chinensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1091. [PMID: 38674498 PMCID: PMC11054833 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
As carriers of direct contact between plants and the atmospheric environment, the microbiomes of phyllosphere microorganisms are increasingly recognized as an important area of study. Salt secretion triggered by salt-secreting halophytes elicits changes in the community structure and functions of phyllosphere microorganisms, and often provides positive feedback to the individual plant/community environment. In this study, the contents of Na+ and K+ in the rhizosphere, plant and phyllosphere of Tamarix chinensis were increased under 200 mmol/L NaCl stress. The increase in electrical conductivity, Na+ and K+ in the phyllosphere not only decreased the diversity of bacterial and fungal communities, but also decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and Basidiomycota. Influenced by electrical conductivity and Na+, the bacteria-fungus co-occurrence network under salt stress has higher complexity. Changes in the structure of the phyllosphere microbial community further resulted in a significant increase in the relative abundance of the bacterial energy source and fungal pathotrophic groups. The relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and Acidobacteriota in rhizosphere showed a decreasing trend under salt stress, while the complexity of the rhizosphere co-occurrence network was higher than that of the control. In addition, the relative abundances of functional groups of rhizosphere bacteria in the carbon cycle and phosphorus cycle increased significantly under stress, and were significantly correlated with electrical conductivity and Na+. This study investigated the effects of salinity on the structure and physicochemical properties of phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities of halophytes, and highlights the role of phyllosphere microbes as ecological indicators in plant responses to stressful environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Qu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (X.Q.); (P.W.); (L.R.); (G.Q.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yaqing Pan
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peiqin Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (X.Q.); (P.W.); (L.R.); (G.Q.); (Q.L.)
| | - Lele Ran
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (X.Q.); (P.W.); (L.R.); (G.Q.); (Q.L.)
| | - Guifei Qin
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (X.Q.); (P.W.); (L.R.); (G.Q.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qunfang Li
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (X.Q.); (P.W.); (L.R.); (G.Q.); (Q.L.)
| | - Peng Kang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (X.Q.); (P.W.); (L.R.); (G.Q.); (Q.L.)
- Innovation Team for Genetic Improvement of Economic Forests, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bechtold EK, Wanek W, Nuesslein B, DaCosta M, Nüsslein K. Successional changes in bacterial phyllosphere communities are plant-host species dependent. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0175023. [PMID: 38349147 PMCID: PMC11206175 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01750-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Phyllosphere microbial communities are increasingly experiencing intense pulse disturbance events such as drought. It is currently unknown how phyllosphere communities respond to such disturbances and if they are able to recover. We explored the stability of phyllosphere communities over time, in response to drought stress, and under recovery from drought on temperate forage grasses. Compositional or functional changes were observed during the disturbance period and whether communities returned to non-stressed levels following recovery. Here, we found that phyllosphere community composition shifts as a result of simulated drought but does not fully recover after irrigation is resumed and that the degree of community response to drought is host species dependent. However, while community composition had changed, we found a high level of functional stability (resistance) over time and in the water deficit treatment. Ecological modeling enabled us to understand community assembly processes over a growing season and to determine if they were disrupted during a disturbance event. Phyllosphere community succession was characterized by a strong level of ecological drift, but drought disturbance resulted in variable selection, or, in other words, communities were diverging due to differences in selective pressures. This successional divergence of communities with drought was unique for each host species. Understanding phyllosphere responses to environmental stresses is important as climate change-induced stresses are expected to reduce crop productivity and phyllosphere functioning. IMPORTANCE Leaf surface microbiomes have the potential to influence agricultural and ecosystem productivity. We assessed their stability by determining composition, functional resistance, and resilience. Resistance is the degree to which communities remain unchanged as a result of disturbance, and resilience is the ability of a community to recover to pre-disturbance conditions. By understanding the mechanisms of community assembly and how they relate to the resistance and resilience of microbial communities under common environmental stresses such as drought, we can better understand how communities will adapt to a changing environment and how we can promote healthy agricultural microbiomes. In this study, phyllosphere compositional stability was highly related to plant host species phylogeny and, to a lesser extent, known stress tolerances. Phyllosphere community assembly and stability are a result of complex interactions of ecological processes that are differentially imposed by host species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Bechtold
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wolfgang Wanek
- Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Center of Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Nuesslein
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle DaCosta
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Klaus Nüsslein
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rangel LI, Leveau JHJ. Applied microbiology of the phyllosphere. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:211. [PMID: 38358509 PMCID: PMC10869387 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The phyllosphere, or plant leaf surface, represents a microbial ecosystem of considerable size, holding extraordinary biodiversity and enormous potential for the discovery of new products, tools, and applications in biotechnology, agriculture, medicine, and elsewhere. This mini-review highlights the applied microbiology of the phyllosphere as an original field of study concerning itself with the genes, gene products, natural compounds, and traits that underlie phyllosphere-specific adaptations and services that have commercial and economic value for current or future innovation. Examples include plant-growth-promoting and disease-suppressive phyllobacteria, probiotics and fermented foods that support human health, as well as microbials that remedy foliar contamination with airborne pollutants, residual pesticides, or plastics. Phyllosphere microbes promote plant biomass conversion into compost, renewable energy, animal feed, or fiber. They produce foodstuffs such as thickening agents and sugar substitutes, industrial-grade biosurfactants, novel antibiotics and cancer drugs, as well as enzymes used as food additives or freezing agents. Furthermore, new developments in DNA sequence-based profiling of leaf-associated microbial communities allow for surveillance approaches in the context of food safety and security, for example, to detect enteric human pathogens on leafy greens, predict plant disease outbreaks, and intercept plant pathogens and pests on internationally traded goods. KEY POINTS: • Applied phyllosphere microbiology concerns leaf-specific adaptations for economic value • Phyllobioprospecting searches the phyllosphere microbiome for product development • Phyllobiomonitoring tracks phyllosphere microbial profiles for early risk detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena I Rangel
- Cell & Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Johan H J Leveau
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ning D, Wang Y, Fan Y, Wang J, Van Nostrand JD, Wu L, Zhang P, Curtis DJ, Tian R, Lui L, Hazen TC, Alm EJ, Fields MW, Poole F, Adams MWW, Chakraborty R, Stahl DA, Adams PD, Arkin AP, He Z, Zhou J. Environmental stress mediates groundwater microbial community assembly. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:490-501. [PMID: 38212658 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01573-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Community assembly describes how different ecological processes shape microbial community composition and structure. How environmental factors impact community assembly remains elusive. Here we sampled microbial communities and >200 biogeochemical variables in groundwater at the Oak Ridge Field Research Center, a former nuclear waste disposal site, and developed a theoretical framework to conceptualize the relationships between community assembly processes and environmental stresses. We found that stochastic assembly processes were critical (>60% on average) in shaping community structure, but their relative importance decreased as stress increased. Dispersal limitation and 'drift' related to random birth and death had negative correlations with stresses, whereas the selection processes leading to dissimilar communities increased with stresses, primarily related to pH, cobalt and molybdenum. Assembly mechanisms also varied greatly among different phylogenetic groups. Our findings highlight the importance of microbial dispersal limitation and environmental heterogeneity in ecosystem restoration and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daliang Ning
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Yajiao Wang
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Yupeng Fan
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Joy D Van Nostrand
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Liyou Wu
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J Curtis
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Renmao Tian
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Bedford Park, IL, USA
| | - Lauren Lui
- Division of Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Terry C Hazen
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Bredesen Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Sciences, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, and Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Alm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew W Fields
- Center for Biofilm Engineering and Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Farris Poole
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Michael W W Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Romy Chakraborty
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David A Stahl
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul D Adams
- Division of Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Adam P Arkin
- Division of Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Zhili He
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
- School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu YG, Peng J, Chen C, Xiong C, Li S, Ge A, Wang E, Liesack W. Harnessing biological nitrogen fixation in plant leaves. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:1391-1405. [PMID: 37270352 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The importance of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in securing food production for the growing world population with minimal environmental cost has been increasingly acknowledged. Leaf surfaces are one of the biggest microbial habitats on Earth, harboring diverse free-living N2-fixers. These microbes inhabit the epiphytic and endophytic phyllosphere and contribute significantly to plant N supply and growth. Here, we summarize the contribution of phyllosphere-BNF to global N cycling, evaluate the diversity of leaf-associated N2-fixers across plant hosts and ecosystems, illustrate the ecological adaptation of N2-fixers to the phyllosphere, and identify the environmental factors driving BNF. Finally, we discuss potential BNF engineering strategies to improve the nitrogen uptake in plant leaves and thus sustainable food production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Jingjing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Cai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Chao Xiong
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shule Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Anhui Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ertao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Werner Liesack
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, 35043, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Feng R, Wang H, Liu T, Wang F, Cai L, Chen X, Zhang S. Response of microbial communities in the phyllosphere ecosystem of tobacco exposed to the broad-spectrum copper hydroxide. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1229294. [PMID: 37840714 PMCID: PMC10568630 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1229294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper hydroxide is a broad-spectrum copper fungicide, which is often used to control crop fungal and bacterial diseases. In addition to controlling targeted pathogens, copper hydroxide may also affect other non-targeted microorganisms in the phyllosphere ecosystem. At four time points (before spraying, and 5, 10 and 15 days after fungicide application), the response of diseased and healthy tobacco phyllosphere microorganisms to copper hydroxide stress was studied by using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology, and Biolog tools. The results showed that the microbiome communities of the healthy group were more affected than the disease group, and the fungal community was more sensitive than the bacterial community. The most common genera in the disease group were Alternaria, Boeremia, Cladosporium, Pantoea, Ralstonia, Pseudomonas, and Sphingomonas; while in the healthy group, these were Alternaria, Cladosporium, Symmetrospora, Ralstonia, and Pantoea. After spraying, the alpha diversity of the fungal community decreased at 5 days for both healthy and diseased groups, and then showed an increasing trend, with a significant increase at 15 days for the healthy group. The alpha diversity of bacterial community in healthy and diseased groups increased at 15 days, and the healthy group had a significant difference. The relative abundance of Alternaria and Cladosporium decreased while that of Boeremia, Stagonosporopsis, Symmetrospora, Epicoccum and Phoma increased in the fungal communities of healthy and diseased leaves. The relative abundance of Pantoea decreased first and then increased, while that of Ralstonia, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas increased first and then decreased in the bacterial communities of healthy and diseased leaves. While copper hydroxide reduced the relative abundance of pathogenic fungi Alternaria and Cladosporium, it also resulted in the decrease of beneficial bacteria such as Actinomycetes and Pantoea, and the increase of potential pathogens such as Boeremia and Stagonosporopsis. After treatment with copper hydroxide, the metabolic capacity of the diseased group improved, while that of the healthy group was significantly suppressed, with a gradual recovery of metabolic activity as the application time extended. The results revealed changes in microbial community composition and metabolic function of healthy and diseased tobacco under copper hydroxide stress, providing a theoretical basis for future studies on microecological protection of phyllosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Feng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co- construction by Ministry and Province), Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Hancheng Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Liuti Cai
- Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Xingjiang Chen
- Guizhou Provincial Academician Workstation of Microbiology and Health, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co- construction by Ministry and Province), Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qin J, Jiang X, Yan Z, Zhao H, Zhao P, Yao Y, Chen X. Heavy metal content and microbial characteristics of soil plant system in Dabaoshan mining area, Guangdong Province. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285425. [PMID: 37294818 PMCID: PMC10256142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The disordered mining of Dabaoshan lead-zinc mineral resources in Shaoguan has brought serious harm to the regional ecological environment. In order to investigate the heavy metal pollution status and microbial characteristics of soil plant system in mining area, The distribution of heavy metals in the soil, the activity of soil microorganisms and the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in the dominant plant Miscanthus floridulus were studied. The results indicated that metal element contents of Miscanthus floridulus in sequence were: Zn>Pb>Cu> Cd. This study demonstrated that the elemental content of the Miscanthus floridulus plant showed Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd, with Zn being the most significantly correlated with soil elements, followed by Pb. Compared with the control group, the Miscanthus floridulus-soil system possessed obviously different soil microbial features: intensiver in microbial basal respiration strength, and higher microbial eco-physiological parameters Cmic/Corg and qCO2, but lower in soil microbial biomass. The results showed the soil enzymatic activities decreased significantly with increase of contamination of heavy metals, especially dehydrogenase and urease activities. With the increase of the content of heavy metals in the mining area soil, the intensity of soil biochemical action in the mining area (Q1, Q2) soil decreased significantly, and the biochemical action showed a significant negative correlation with the content of heavy metals in the soil. Compared with the non mining area (Q8) soil, the intensity of soil ammonification, nitrification, N fixation and cellulose decomposition decreased by 43.2%~71.1%, 70.1%~92.1%, 58.7%~87.8% and 55.3%~79.8% respectively. The decrease of soil microbial activity weakened the circulation rate and energy flow of C and N nutrients in the soil of the mining area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China
| | - Xueding Jiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | | | - Huarong Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yibo Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Scienc, Guangzhou, 510045, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Adomako MO, Yu FH. Potential effects of micro- and nanoplastics on phyllosphere microorganisms and their evolutionary and ecological responses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 884:163760. [PMID: 37120023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is among the most urgent environmental and social challenges of the 21st century, and their influxes in the environment have altered critical growth drivers in all biomes, attracting global concerns. In particular, the consequences of microplastics on plants and their associated soil microorganisms have gained a large audience. On the contrary, how microplastics and nanoplastics (M/NPs) may influence the plant-associated microorganisms in the phyllosphere (i.e., the aboveground portion of plants) is nearly unknown. We, therefore, summarize evidence that may potentially connect M/NPs, plants, and phyllosphere microorganisms based on studies on other analogous contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, and nanoparticles. We show seven pathways that may link M/NPs into the phyllosphere environment, and provide a conceptual framework explaining the direct and indirect (soil legacy) effects of M/NPs on phyllosphere microbial communities. We also discuss the adaptive evolutionary and ecological responses, such as acquiring novel resistance genes via horizontal gene transfer and microbial degradation of plastics of the phyllosphere microbial communities, to M/NPs-induced threats. Finally, we highlight the global consequences (e.g., disruption of ecosystem biogeochemical cycling and impaired host-pathogen defense chemistry that can lead to reduced agricultural productivity) of altered plant-microbiome interactions in the phyllosphere in the context of a predicted surge of plastic production and conclude with pending questions for future research priorities. In conclusion, M/NPs are very likely to produce significant effects on phyllosphere microorganisms and mediate their evolutionary and ecological responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Opoku Adomako
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei-Hai Yu
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Avila Clasen L, Permin A, Horwath AB, Metcalfe DB, Rousk K. Do Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions Affect Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Tropical Mosses? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1443. [PMID: 37050067 PMCID: PMC10097241 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tropical cloud forests are characterized by abundant and biodiverse mosses which grow epiphytically as well as on the ground. Nitrogen (N)-fixing cyanobacteria live in association with most mosses, and contribute greatly to the N pool via biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). However, the availability of nutrients, especially N and phosphorus (P), can influence BNF rates drastically. To evaluate the effects of increased N and P availability on BNF in mosses, we conducted a laboratory experiment where we added N and P, in isolation and combined, to three mosses (Campylopus sp., Dicranum sp. and Thuidium peruvianum) collected from a cloud forest in Peru. Our results show that N addition almost completely inhibited BNF within a day, whereas P addition caused variable results across moss species. Low N2 fixation rates were observed in Campylopus sp. across the experiment. BNF in Dicranum sp. was decreased by all nutrients, while P additions seemed to promote BNF in T. peruvianum. Hence, each of the three mosses contributes distinctively to the ecosystem N pool depending on nutrient availability. Moreover, increased N input will likely significantly decrease BNF associated with mosses also in tropical cloud forests, thereby limiting N input to these ecosystems via the moss-cyanobacteria pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Avila Clasen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark (K.R.)
| | - Aya Permin
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark (K.R.)
| | - Aline B. Horwath
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Daniel B. Metcalfe
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, University of Umeå, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kathrin Rousk
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark (K.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
van der Sande MT, Powers JS, Kuyper TW, Norden N, Salgado-Negret B, Silva de Almeida J, Bongers F, Delgado D, Dent DH, Derroire G, do Espirito Santo MM, Dupuy JM, Fernandes GW, Finegan B, Gavito ME, Hernández-Stefanoni JL, Jakovac CC, Jones IL, das Dores Magalhães Veloso M, Meave JA, Mora F, Muñoz R, Pérez-Cárdenas N, Piotto D, Álvarez-Dávila E, Caceres-Siani Y, Dalban-Pilon C, Dourdain A, Du DV, García Villalobos D, Nunes YRF, Sanchez-Azofeifa A, Poorter L. Soil resistance and recovery during neotropical forest succession. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20210074. [PMID: 36373919 PMCID: PMC9661943 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The recovery of soil conditions is crucial for successful ecosystem restoration and, hence, for achieving the goals of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Here, we assess how soils resist forest conversion and agricultural land use, and how soils recover during subsequent tropical forest succession on abandoned agricultural fields. Our overarching question is how soil resistance and recovery depend on local conditions such as climate, soil type and land-use history. For 300 plots in 21 sites across the Neotropics, we used a chronosequence approach in which we sampled soils from two depths in old-growth forests, agricultural fields (i.e. crop fields and pastures), and secondary forests that differ in age (1-95 years) since abandonment. We measured six soil properties using a standardized sampling design and laboratory analyses. Soil resistance strongly depended on local conditions. Croplands and sites on high-activity clay (i.e. high fertility) show strong increases in bulk density and decreases in pH, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) during deforestation and subsequent agricultural use. Resistance is lower in such sites probably because of a sharp decline in fine root biomass in croplands in the upper soil layers, and a decline in litter input from formerly productive old-growth forest (on high-activity clays). Soil recovery also strongly depended on local conditions. During forest succession, high-activity clays and croplands decreased most strongly in bulk density and increased in C and N, possibly because of strongly compacted soils with low C and N after cropland abandonment, and because of rapid vegetation recovery in high-activity clays leading to greater fine root growth and litter input. Furthermore, sites at low precipitation decreased in pH, whereas sites at high precipitation increased in N and decreased in C : N ratio. Extractable phosphorus (P) did not recover during succession, suggesting increased P limitation as forests age. These results indicate that no single solution exists for effective soil restoration and that local site conditions should determine the restoration strategies. This article is part of the theme issue 'Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masha T. van der Sande
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer S. Powers
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Behavior and Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Thom W. Kuyper
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia Norden
- Programa Ciencias Básicas de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbold,Colombia
| | | | - Jarcilene Silva de Almeida
- Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco CEP 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Frans Bongers
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diego Delgado
- CATIE-Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
| | - Daisy H. Dent
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Roosevelt Ave. 401 Balboa, Ancon, Panama,Max Planck Institute for Animal Behaviour, Konstanz, 78315, Germany,Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8902, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine Derroire
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, Inrae, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
| | | | - Juan Manuel Dupuy
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C. Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Calle 43 # 130(32 y 34, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, C.P. 97205 Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Geraldo Wilson Fernandes
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia & Evolução, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30161-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bryan Finegan
- CATIE-Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba, Costa Rica
| | - Mayra E. Gavito
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C. Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Calle 43 # 130(32 y 34, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, C.P. 97205 Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Catarina C. Jakovac
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel L. Jones
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | | | - Jorge A. Meave
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City CP 04510, México
| | - Francisco Mora
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Rodrigo Muñoz
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands,Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City CP 04510, México
| | - Nathalia Pérez-Cárdenas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Daniel Piotto
- Centro de Formação em Ciências Agroflorestais, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Itabuna-BA 45613-204, Brazil
| | | | | | - Coralie Dalban-Pilon
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, Inrae, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Aurélie Dourdain
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, Inrae, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Dan V. Du
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Daniel García Villalobos
- Programa Ciencias Básicas de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbold,Colombia
| | - Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros-MG CEP 39401-089, Brazil
| | - Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Centre for Earth Observation Sciences (CEOS), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G2E3
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Quantification of biological nitrogen fixation by Mo-independent complementary nitrogenases in environmental samples with low nitrogen fixation activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22011. [PMID: 36539445 PMCID: PMC9768154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by canonical molybdenum and complementary vanadium and iron-only nitrogenase isoforms is the primary natural source of newly fixed nitrogen. Understanding controls on global nitrogen cycling requires knowledge of the isoform responsible for environmental BNF. The isotopic acetylene reduction assay (ISARA), which measures carbon stable isotope (13C/12C) fractionation between ethylene and acetylene in acetylene reduction assays, is one of the few methods that can quantify isoform-specific BNF fluxes. Application of classical ISARA has been challenging because environmental BNF activity is often too low to generate sufficient ethylene for isotopic analyses. Here we describe a high sensitivity method to measure ethylene δ13C by in-line coupling of ethylene preconcentration to gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EPCon-GC-C-IRMS). Ethylene requirements in samples with 10% v/v acetylene are reduced from > 500 to ~ 20 ppmv (~ 2 ppmv with prior offline acetylene removal). To increase robustness by reducing calibration error, single nitrogenase-isoform Azotobacter vinelandii mutants and environmental sample assays rely on a common acetylene source for ethylene production. Application of the Low BNF activity ISARA (LISARA) method to low nitrogen-fixing activity soils, leaf litter, decayed wood, cryptogams, and termites indicates complementary BNF in most sample types, calling for additional studies of isoform-specific BNF.
Collapse
|
12
|
Cleveland CC, Reis CRG, Perakis SS, Dynarski KA, Batterman SA, Crews TE, Gei M, Gundale MJ, Menge DNL, Peoples MB, Reed SC, Salmon VG, Soper FM, Taylor BN, Turner MG, Wurzburger N. Exploring the Role of Cryptic Nitrogen Fixers in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Frontier in Nitrogen Cycling Research. Ecosystems 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-022-00804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
13
|
Satjarak A, Graham LE, Trest MT, Zedler J, Knack JJ, Arancibia-Avila P. Nitrogen fixation and other biogeochemically important features of Atacama Desert giant horsetail plant microbiomes inferred from metagenomic contig analysis. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:65-75. [PMID: 35533355 PMCID: PMC9295926 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Canyon stream beds in the hyperarid Atacama Desert surprisingly harbour magnificent groves of endemic giant horsetail wetland plants, Equisetum xylochaetum. Our previous metagenomic study of eukaryotes closely associated with this plant indicated that the microbiome included prokaryotes that might likewise influence host success and environment. We explored this possibility by using the metagenomic sequence to characterize prokaryote taxa and functional genes present in the microbiome of E. xylochaetum sampled from remote sites differing in the degree of anthropogenic disturbance. We focused on biogeochemical functions known to be important in wetland ecosystems. METHODS To ensure that analyses were conducted on microbes most closely associated with plants, we extracted DNA from well-washed plant organs whose microbial biofilms were revealed with scanning electron microscopy. To assess the benefits of longer sequences for taxonomic and gene classifications, results of analyses performed using contigs were compared with those obtained with unassembled reads. We employed methods widely used to estimate genomic coverage of single taxa for genomic analysis to infer relative abundances of taxa and functional genes. KEY RESULTS Key functional bacterial genera (e.g. Hydrogenophaga, Sulfuritalea and Rhodoferax) inferred from taxonomic and functional gene analysis of contigs - but not unassembled reads - to occur on surfaces of (or within) plants at relatively high abundance (>50× genomic coverage) indicated roles in nitrogen, sulfur and other mineral cycling processes. Comparison between sites revealed impacts on biogeochemical functions, e.g. reduced levels of the nifH gene marker under disturbance. Vanadium nitrogenases were more important than molybdenum nitrogenases, indicated by both functional genes and taxa such as Rhodomicrobium and Phaeospirillum inferred from contigs but not unassembled reads. CONCLUSIONS Our contig-based metagenomic analyses revealed that microbes performing key wetland biogeochemical functions occur as tightly adherent biofilms on the plant body, not just in water or sediments, and that disturbance reduces such functions, providing arguments for conservation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda E Graham
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Marie T Trest
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joy Zedler
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer J Knack
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Micci A, Zhang Q, Chang X, Kingsley K, Park L, Chiaranunt P, Strickland R, Velazquez F, Lindert S, Elmore M, Vines PL, Crane S, Irizarry I, Kowalski KP, Johnston-Monje D, White JF. Histochemical Evidence for Nitrogen-Transfer Endosymbiosis in Non-Photosynthetic Cells of Leaves and Inflorescence Bracts of Angiosperms. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060876. [PMID: 35741397 PMCID: PMC9220352 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary We used light and confocal microscopy to visualize bacteria in leaf and bract cells of more than 30 species in 18 families of seed plants. We detected chemical exchanges between intracellular bacteria and plant cells. We found that endophytic bacteria that show evidence of the transfer of nitrogen to plants are present in non-photosynthetic cells of leaves and bracts of diverse plant species. Nitrogen transfer from bacteria was observed in epidermal cells, various filamentous and glandular trichomes, and other non-photosynthetic cells. The most efficient of the nitrogen-transfer endosymbioses were seen to involve glandular trichomes, as seen in hops (Humulus lupulus) and hemp (Cannabis sativa). Trichome chemistry is hypothesized to function to scavenge oxygen around bacteria to facilitate nitrogen fixation. Abstract We used light and confocal microscopy to visualize bacteria in leaf and bract cells of more than 30 species in 18 families of seed plants. Through histochemical analysis, we detected hormones (including ethylene and nitric oxide), superoxide, and nitrogenous chemicals (including nitric oxide and nitrate) around bacteria within plant cells. Bacteria were observed in epidermal cells, various filamentous and glandular trichomes, and other non-photosynthetic cells. Most notably, bacteria showing nitrate formation based on histochemical staining were present in glandular trichomes of some dicots (e.g., Humulus lupulus and Cannabis sativa). Glandular trichome chemistry is hypothesized to function to scavenge oxygen around bacteria and reduce oxidative damage to intracellular bacterial cells. Experiments to assess the differential absorption of isotopic nitrogen into plants suggest the assimilation of nitrogen into actively growing tissues of plants, where bacteria are most active and carbohydrates are more available. The leaf and bract cell endosymbiosis types outlined in this paper have not been previously reported and may be important in facilitating plant growth, development, oxidative stress resistance, and nutrient absorption into plants. It is unknown whether leaf and bract cell endosymbioses are significant in increasing the nitrogen content of plants. From the experiments that we conducted, it is impossible to know whether plant trichomes evolved specifically as organs for nitrogen fixation or if, instead, trichomes are structures in which bacteria easily colonize and where some casual nitrogen transfer may occur between bacteria and plant cells. It is likely that the endosymbioses seen in leaves and bracts are less efficient than those of root nodules of legumes in similar plants. However, the presence of endosymbioses that yield nitrate in plants could confer a reduced need for soil nitrogen and constitute increased nitrogen-use efficiency, even if the actual amount of nitrogen transferred to plant cells is small. More research is needed to evaluate the importance of nitrogen transfer within leaf and bract cells of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- April Micci
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (J.F.W.); Tel.: +848-932-6286 (J.F.W.)
| | - Qiuwei Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Xiaoqian Chang
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Kathryn Kingsley
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Linsey Park
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Peerapol Chiaranunt
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Raquele Strickland
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Fernando Velazquez
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Sean Lindert
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Matthew Elmore
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Philip L. Vines
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
| | - Sharron Crane
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Ivelisse Irizarry
- School of Health and Sciences, Universidad del Sagrado Corazón, San Juan 00914, Puerto Rico;
| | - Kurt P. Kowalski
- US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
| | - David Johnston-Monje
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Plant Microbial Ecology, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760043, Colombia;
| | - James F. White
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (Q.Z.); (X.C.); (K.K.); (L.P.); (P.C.); (R.S.); (F.V.); (S.L.); (M.E.); (P.L.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (J.F.W.); Tel.: +848-932-6286 (J.F.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
de Souza Amorim D, Brown BV, Boscolo D, Ale-Rocha R, Alvarez-Garcia DM, Balbi MIPA, de Marco Barbosa A, Capellari RS, de Carvalho CJB, Couri MS, de Vilhena Perez Dios R, Fachin DA, Ferro GB, Flores HF, Frare LM, Gudin FM, Hauser M, Lamas CJE, Lindsay KG, Marinho MAT, Marques DWA, Marshall SA, Mello-Patiu C, Menezes MA, Morales MN, Nihei SS, Oliveira SS, Pirani G, Ribeiro GC, Riccardi PR, de Santis MD, Santos D, Dos Santos JR, Silva VC, Wood EM, Rafael JA. Vertical stratification of insect abundance and species richness in an Amazonian tropical forest. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1734. [PMID: 35110598 PMCID: PMC8810858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical forests are among the most biodiverse biomes on the planet. Nevertheless, quantifying the abundance and species richness within megadiverse groups is a significant challenge. We designed a study to address this challenge by documenting the variability of the insect fauna across a vertical canopy gradient in a Central Amazonian tropical forest. Insects were sampled over two weeks using 6-m Gressitt-style Malaise traps set at five heights (0 m–32 m–8 m intervals) on a metal tower in a tropical forest north of Manaus, Brazil. The traps contained 37,778 specimens of 18 orders of insects. Using simulation approaches and nonparametric analyses, we interpreted the abundance and richness of insects along this gradient. Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Coleoptera had their greatest abundance at the ground level, whereas Lepidoptera and Hemiptera were more abundant in the upper levels of the canopy. We identified species of 38 of the 56 families of Diptera, finding that 527 out of 856 species (61.6%) were not sampled at the ground level. Mycetophilidae, Tipulidae, and Phoridae were significantly more diverse and/or abundant at the ground level, while Tachinidae, Dolichopodidae, and Lauxaniidae were more diverse or abundant at upper levels. Our study suggests the need for a careful discussion of strategies of tropical forest conservation based on a much more complete understanding of the three-dimensional distribution of its insect diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalton de Souza Amorim
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Brian V Brown
- Urban Nature Research Center and Entomology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Danilo Boscolo
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosaly Ale-Rocha
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Isabel P A Balbi
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan de Marco Barbosa
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcia Souto Couri
- Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Aguilar Fachin
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Heloísa Fernandes Flores
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Livia Maria Frare
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Filipe Macedo Gudin
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Martin Hauser
- Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Kate G Lindsay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Marco Antonio Tonus Marinho
- Departamento de Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cátia Mello-Patiu
- Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Mírian Nunes Morales
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvio S Nihei
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sarah Siqueira Oliveira
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Goiás, Goiás, GO, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pirani
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Raille Riccardi
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Daubian Santos
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Cristina Silva
- Entomology Grad Program, Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eric Matthew Wood
- California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Ornithology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - José Albertino Rafael
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bashir I, War AF, Rafiq I, Reshi ZA, Rashid I, Shouche YS. Phyllosphere microbiome: Diversity and functions. Microbiol Res 2021; 254:126888. [PMID: 34700185 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phyllosphere or aerial surface of plants represents the globally largest and peculiar microbial habitat that inhabits diverse and rich communities of bacteria, fungi, viruses, cyanobacteria, actinobacteria, nematodes, and protozoans. These hyperdiverse microbial communities are related to the host's specific functional traits and influence the host's physiology and the ecosystem's functioning. In the last few years, significant advances have been made in unravelling several aspects of phyllosphere microbiology, including diversity and microbial community composition, dynamics, and functional interactions. This review highlights the current knowledge about the assembly, structure, and composition of phyllosphere microbial communities across spatio-temporal scales, besides functional significance of different microbial communities to the plant host and the surrounding environment. The knowledge will help develop strategies for modelling and manipulating these highly beneficial microbial consortia for furthering scientific inquiry into their interactions with the host plants and also for their useful and economic utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Bashir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Aadil Farooq War
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iflah Rafiq
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zafar A Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dantas de Paula M, Forrest M, Langan L, Bendix J, Homeier J, Velescu A, Wilcke W, Hickler T. Nutrient cycling drives plant community trait assembly and ecosystem functioning in a tropical mountain biodiversity hotspot. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:551-566. [PMID: 34228829 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Community trait assembly in highly diverse tropical rainforests is still poorly understood. Based on more than a decade of field measurements in a biodiversity hotspot of southern Ecuador, we implemented plant trait variation and improved soil organic matter dynamics in a widely used dynamic vegetation model (the Lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator, LPJ-GUESS) to explore the main drivers of community assembly along an elevational gradient. In the model used here (LPJ-GUESS-NTD, where NTD stands for nutrient-trait dynamics), each plant individual can possess different trait combinations, and the community trait composition emerges via ecological sorting. Further model developments include plant growth limitation by phosphorous (P) and mycorrhizal nutrient uptake. The new model version reproduced the main observed community trait shift and related vegetation processes along the elevational gradient, but only if nutrient limitations to plant growth were activated. In turn, when traits were fixed, low productivity communities emerged due to reduced nutrient-use efficiency. Mycorrhizal nutrient uptake, when deactivated, reduced net primary production (NPP) by 61-72% along the gradient. Our results strongly suggest that the elevational temperature gradient drives community assembly and ecosystem functioning indirectly through its effect on soil nutrient dynamics and vegetation traits. This illustrates the importance of considering these processes to yield realistic model predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Dantas de Paula
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
| | - Matthew Forrest
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
| | - Liam Langan
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
| | - Jörg Bendix
- Department of Geography, University of Marburg, Marburg, 35037, Germany
| | - Jürgen Homeier
- Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research, University of Goettingen, Untere Karspüle 2, Goettingen, 37073, Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Andre Velescu
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Reinhard-Baumeister-Platz 1, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wilcke
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Reinhard-Baumeister-Platz 1, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Thomas Hickler
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
- Department of Physical Geography, Geosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Van Langenhove L, Depaepe T, Verryckt LT, Fuchslueger L, Donald J, Leroy C, Krishna Moorthy SM, Gargallo-Garriga A, Ellwood MDF, Verbeeck H, Van Der Straeten D, Peñuelas J, Janssens IA. Comparable canopy and soil free-living nitrogen fixation rates in a lowland tropical forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142202. [PMID: 33254844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a fundamental part of nitrogen cycling in tropical forests, yet little is known about the contribution made by free-living nitrogen fixers inhabiting the often-extensive forest canopy. We used the acetylene reduction assay, calibrated with 15N2, to measure free-living BNF on forest canopy leaves, vascular epiphytes, bryophytes and canopy soil, as well as on the forest floor in leaf litter and soil. We used a combination of calculated and published component densities to upscale free-living BNF rates to the forest level. We found that bryophytes and leaves situated in the canopy in particular displayed high mass-based rates of free-living BNF. Additionally, we calculated that nearly 2 kg of nitrogen enters the forest ecosystem through free-living BNF every year, 40% of which was fixed by the various canopy components. Our results reveal that in the studied tropical lowland forest a large part of the nitrogen input through free-living BNF stems from the canopy, but also that the total nitrogen inputs by free-living BNF are lower than previously thought and comparable to the inputs of reactive nitrogen by atmospheric deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Van Langenhove
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Depaepe
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lore T Verryckt
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Fuchslueger
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Donald
- CNRS, IRD, UMR 5174 Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Université Toulouse, 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Celine Leroy
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France; UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310 Kourou, France
| | - Sruthi M Krishna Moorthy
- Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain; Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M D Farnon Ellwood
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Hans Verbeeck
- Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Markham J, Fernández Otárola M. Bryophyte and lichen biomass and nitrogen fixation in a high elevation cloud forest in Cerro de La Muerte, Costa Rica. Oecologia 2021; 195:489-497. [PMID: 33394128 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cloud forests have been found to lose more nitrogen in stream discharge than they gain from atmospheric deposition. They also support a large diversity and biomass of tree epiphytes, predominately composed of cryptogams. Since cryptogam epiphytes harbor nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria, they may help make up for the nitrogen loss from ecosystems. We assessed cryptogam biomass on the ground, boles and branches in Quercus costaricensis dominated stands near the tree line in the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Nitrogen fixation was assayed using 15N2 uptake. Total cryptogam biomass was 2 977 kg ha-1, with 67% being found on the lower branches. Bryophytes and chlorolichens made up 53% and 44%, respectively, of the biomass. Half of the bryophyte mass was composed of the liverwort Plagiochila heterophylla, and 66% of the chlorolichen of Lobariella pallida. There were no significant differences in nitrogen fixation rates between the cryptogam species, with a mean rate of 5.04 µg N g-1 day-1 during the predominantly wet condition in the forest. The overall nitrogen input from fixation was 6.1 kg N ha-1 year-1, of which 78% came from bryophytes, 18% from chlorolichens, and 4% from cyanolichens. Only 2.0% of the fixation occurred in cryptogams on the ground, whereas 67%, 24%, and 7% occurred on the lower branches, boles, and upper branches, respectively. These results show that tree epiphytes constitute a significant source of nitrogen for these forests, due to the trees' large surface area, and can make up for the nitrogen lost from these ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Markham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Mauricio Fernández Otárola
- Research Center for Biodiversity and Tropical Ecology (CIBET), and School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, San Jose, 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gauslaa Y, Goward T. Melanic pigments and canopy-specific elemental concentration shape growth rates of the lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in unmanaged mixed forest. FUNGAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
21
|
Wong MY, Neill C, Marino R, Silvério D, Howarth RW. Molybdenum, phosphorus, and pH do not constrain nitrogen fixation in a tropical forest in the southeastern Amazon. Ecology 2020; 102:e03211. [PMID: 32981087 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
High rates of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) are commonly reported for tropical forests, but most studies have been conducted in regions that receive substantial inputs of molybdenum (Mo) from atmospheric dust and sea-salt aerosols. Even in these regions, the low availability of Mo can constrain free-living BNF catalyzed by heterotrophic bacteria and archaea. We hypothesized that in regions where atmospheric inputs of Mo are low and soils are highly weathered, such as the southeastern Amazon, Mo would constrain BNF. We also hypothesized that the high soil acidity, characteristic of the Amazon Basin, would further constrain Mo availability and therefore soil BNF. We conducted two field experiments across the wet and dry seasons, adding Mo, phosphorus (P), and lime alone and in combination to the forest floor in the southeastern Amazon. We sampled soils and litter immediately, and then weeks and months after the applications, and measured Mo and P availability through resin extractions and BNF with the acetylene reduction assay. The experimental additions of Mo and P increased their availability and the lime increased soil pH. While the combination of Mo and P increased BNF at some time points, BNF rates did not increase strongly or consistently across the study as a whole, suggesting that Mo, P, and soil pH are not the dominant controls over BNF. In a separate short-term laboratory experiment, BNF did not respond strongly to Mo and P even when labile carbon was added. We postulate that high nitrogen (N) availability in this area of the Amazon, as indicated by the stoichiometry of soils and vegetation and the high nitrate soil stocks, likely suppresses BNF at this site. These patterns may also extend across highly weathered soils with high N availability in other topographically stable regions of the tropics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y Wong
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | | | - Roxanne Marino
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Divino Silvério
- Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM), Canarana, Mato Grosso, 78640-000, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia-UFRA, Capitão Poço, Pará, 68650-000, Brazil
| | - Robert W Howarth
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.,Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, Massachusetts, 02450, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu H, Brettell LE, Singh B. Linking the Phyllosphere Microbiome to Plant Health. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:841-844. [PMID: 32576433 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The phyllosphere harbors diverse microbial communities that influence ecosystem functioning. Emerging evidence suggests that plants impaired in genetic networks harbor an altered microbiome and develop dysbiosis in the phyllosphere, which pinpoints plant genetics as a key driver of the phyllosphere microbiome assembly and links the phyllosphere microbiome to plant health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Liu
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia.
| | - Laura E Brettell
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Brajesh Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia; Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhou L, Wang X, Ren W, Xu Y, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Teng Y. Contribution of autochthonous diazotrophs to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dissipation in contaminated soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:137410. [PMID: 32120099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role played by autochthonous functional microbes involved in the biotransformation of pollutants would help optimize bioremediation performance at contaminated sites. However, our knowledge of the remediation potential of indigenous diazotrophs in contaminated soils remains inadequate. Using a microcosm experiment, soil nitrogen fixation activity was manipulated by molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W), and their effect on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined in agricultural and industrial soils. Results showed that after 42 days of incubation, PAH dissipation efficiency was significantly enhanced by 1.06-fold in 600 μg kg-1 Mo-treated agricultural soil, compared with that in the control. For the industrial soil, 1200 μg kg-1 Mo treatment significantly promoted PAH removal by 90.76% in 21 days, whereas no significant change was observed between treatments and control at the end of the incubation period. W also exerted a similar effect on PAH dissipation. The activity and gene abundance of nitrogenase were also increased under Mo/W treatments in the two soils. Spearman's correlation analysis further indicated that removal of PAHs was positively correlated with nitrogenase activity in soil, which could be due to the elevated abundances of PAH-degrading genes (PAH-RHDα) in these treatments. Our results suggest the importance of autochthonous diazotrophs in PAH-contaminated soils, which indicates a feasible and environmentally friendly biostimulation strategy of manipulating nitrogen fixation capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaomi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| |
Collapse
|