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Liu B, Sun Y, Geng T, Wang H, Wu Z, Xu L, Zhang M, Niu X, Zhao C, Shang J, Shang F. C5AR1-induced TLR1/2 pathway activation drives proliferation and metastasis in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1938-1952. [PMID: 38934768 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the role and mechanisms of Complement C5a receptor 1 (C5AR1) in driving the malignant progression of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). C5AR1 expression was assessed in ATC tissues and cell lines. Functional assays evaluated the effects of C5AR1 knockdown on the malignant features of ATC cells. The interaction between C5AR1 and miR-335-5p was confirmed using a luciferase reporter assay and Fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the impact of C5AR1 knockdown on the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 1/2 signaling pathway was examined. In vivo studies evaluated the effects of C5AR1 modulation on tumor growth and metastasis. C5AR1 levels were elevated in ATC tumor samples and associated with poor survival in ATC patients. C5AR1 knockdown impeded ATC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. MiR-335-5p was identified as an upstream regulator of C5AR1, which negatively modulates C5AR1 expression. C5AR1 knockdown diminished TLR1, TLR2, and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) levels, while C5AR1 overexpression activated this pathway. Blocking TLR1/2 signaling abrogated the oncogenic effects of C5AR1 overexpression. C5AR1 silencing inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis of ATC cells in nude mice. C5AR1 contributes to ATC tumorigenesis and metastasis by activating the TLR1/2 pathway, and is negatively regulated by miR-335-5p. Targeting the miR-335-5p/C5AR1/TLR1/2 axis represents a potential therapeutic strategy for ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yueyao Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tongyao Geng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Haobo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xupeng Niu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jin Shang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fangjian Shang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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2
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Cavaillon JM, Chousterman BG, Skirecki T. Compartmentalization of the inflammatory response during bacterial sepsis and severe COVID-19. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2024; 4:326-340. [PMID: 39035623 PMCID: PMC11258514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Acute infections cause local and systemic disorders which can lead in the most severe forms to multi-organ failure and eventually to death. The host response to infection encompasses a large spectrum of reactions with a concomitant activation of the so-called inflammatory response aimed at fighting the infectious agent and removing damaged tissues or cells, and the anti-inflammatory response aimed at controlling inflammation and initiating the healing process. Fine-tuning at the local and systemic levels is key to preventing local and remote injury due to immune system activation. Thus, during bacterial sepsis and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), concomitant systemic and compartmentalized pro-inflammatory and compensatory anti-inflammatory responses are occurring. Immune cells (e.g., macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and T-lymphocytes), as well as endothelial cells, differ from one compartment to another and contribute to specific organ responses to sterile and microbial insult. Furthermore, tissue-specific microbiota influences the local and systemic response. A better understanding of the tissue-specific immune status, the organ immunity crosstalk, and the role of specific mediators during sepsis and COVID-19 can foster the development of more accurate biomarkers for better diagnosis and prognosis and help to define appropriate host-targeted treatments and vaccines in the context of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin G. Chousterman
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Lariboisière University Hospital, DMU Parabol, APHP Nord, Paris, France
- Inserm U942, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Tomasz Skirecki
- Department of Translational Immunology and Experimental Intensive Care, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Fujita Y, Matsumoto H, Inada K, Onizawa M, Saito K, Sumichika Y, Yoshida S, Temmoku J, Matsuoka N, Asano T, Sato S, Machida T, Migita K. C5a stimulation induces caspase-1 activation and mature IL-1β production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Immunol Med 2024; 47:68-75. [PMID: 38099557 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2023.2292665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The complement component C5a contributes to the recruitment of immune cells to inflamed tissues and local inflammation. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β is also related to inflammatory disorders through inflammasome activation. However, the association between inflammasome activation and C5a is unclear. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with C5a and measured for IL-1β secretion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pro-IL-1β expression in cell lysates was also examined by Western blot analysis. Similarly, magnetic bead-isolated CD14+ monocyte-depleted and lymphocyte-depleted PBMCs were stimulated with C5a, and immunoblot analysis was performed using an anti-cleaved-IL-1β (p17) antibody. FACS was performed to detect caspase-1-activated cells. C5a-stimulated PBMCs produced IL-1β in C5a concentration-dependent manner. The protein levels of pro-IL-1β in the cell lysates were significantly increased. Furthermore, the cleaved-IL-1β (p17) was faintly detected in the same lysates. Active caspase-1 was demonstrated in C5a-simulated CD14+ monocytes by FACS. Cleaved-IL-1β (p17) was demonstrated in the supernatant of C5a-stimulated PBMCs. Lymphocyte-depleted PBMCs stimulated with C5a but monocyte-depleted PBMCs produced cleaved-IL-1β (p17). C5a induced the production of mature IL-1β in PBMCs. The IL-1β production is mediated mainly by caspase-1 activation in CD14+ monocytes. These results suggest that C5a alone potentiates mature IL-1β production mainly in monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Fujita
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Haruki Matsumoto
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenji Inada
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michio Onizawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenji Saito
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuya Sumichika
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yoshida
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Jumpei Temmoku
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsuoka
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Asano
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shuzo Sato
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Machida
- Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Migita
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Hainline KM, Haddad HF, Gilpin A, Curvino EJ, Varghese S, Collier JH. Active immunotherapy for C5a-mediated inflammation using adjuvant-free self-assembled peptide nanofibers. Acta Biomater 2024; 179:83-94. [PMID: 38447809 PMCID: PMC11045302 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The terminal protein in the complement cascade C5a is a potent inflammatory molecule and chemoattractant that is involved in the pathology of multiple inflammatory diseases including sepsis and arthritis, making it a promising protein to target with immunotherapies. Active immunotherapies, in which patients are immunized against problematic self-molecules and generate therapeutic antibodies as a result, have received increasing interest as an alternative to traditional monoclonal antibody treatments. In previous work, we have designed supramolecular self-assembling peptide nanofibers as active immunotherapies with defined combinations of B- and T-cell epitopes. Herein, the self-assembling peptide Q11 platform was employed to generate a C5a-targeting active immunotherapy. Two of three predicted B-cell epitope peptides from C5a were found to be immunogenic when displayed within Q11 nanofibers, and the nanofibers were capable of reducing C5a serum concentrations following immunization. Contrastingly, C5a's precursor protein C5 maintained its original concentration, promising to minimize side effects heretofore associated with C5-targeted therapies. Immunization protected mice against an LPS-challenge model of sepsis, and it reduced clinical severity in a model of collagen-antibody induced arthritis. Together, this work indicates the potential for targeting terminal complement proteins with active immunotherapies by leveraging the immunogenicity of self-assembled peptide nanomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease are currently treated primarily with monoclonal antibodies against key inflammatory mediators. While helpful for many patients, they have high non-response rates, are costly, and commonly fail as anti-drug antibodies are raised by the patient. The approach we describe here explores a fundamentally different treatment paradigm: raising therapeutic antibody responses with an active immunotherapy. We employ innovative supramolecular peptide nanomaterials to elicit neutralizing antibody responses against complement component C5a and demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in preclinical mouse models of sepsis and rheumatoid arthritis. The strategy reported may represent a potential alternative to monoclonal antibody therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Hainline
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States
| | | | - Anna Gilpin
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States
| | | | - Shyni Varghese
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States
| | - Joel H Collier
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States.
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5
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Huang Y, Wang X, Lv Z, Hu X, Xu B, Yang H, Xiao T, Liu Q. Comparative Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals Unique Immune Response to Grass Carp Reovirus Infection in Barbel Chub ( Squaliobarbus curriculus). BIOLOGY 2024; 13:214. [PMID: 38666826 PMCID: PMC11047996 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and barbel chub (Squaliobarbus curriculus)-both Leuciscinae subfamily species-demonstrate differences in grass carp reovirus (GCRV) infection resistance. We infected barbel chubs with type II GCRV and subjected their liver, spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney samples to investigate anti-GCRV immune mechanisms via RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We identified 139, 970, 867, and 2374 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the liver, spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney, respectively. Across all four tissues, gene ontology analysis revealed significant immune response-related DEG enrichment, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed pattern recognition receptor (PRR) and cytokine-related pathway enrichment. We noted autophagy pathway enrichment in the spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney; apoptosis pathway enrichment in the spleen and trunk kidney; and complement- and coagulation-cascade pathway enrichment in only the spleen. Comparative transcriptome analysis between GCRV-infected barbel chubs and uninfected barbel chubs comprehensively revealed that PRR, cytokine-related, complement- and coagulation-cascade, apoptosis, and autophagy pathways are potential key factors influencing barbel chub resistance to GCRV infection. qRT-PCR validation of 11 immune-related DEGs confirmed our RNA-seq data's accuracy. These findings provide a theoretical foundation and empirical evidence for the understanding of GCRV infection resistance in barbel chub and hybrid grass carp-barbel chub breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Huang
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
| | - Zhao Lv
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Baohong Xu
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
| | - Tiaoyi Xiao
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qiaolin Liu
- Fisheries College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.H.); (X.W.); (Z.L.); (X.H.); (B.X.); (H.Y.)
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha 410128, China
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6
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Wang W, Xu Q, Zang S, Liu X, Liu H, Li Z, Fan Q, Tan S, Shi K, Xia Y, Sha Z. Inflammatory reaction and immune response of half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) after infection with Vibrio anguillarum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109043. [PMID: 37673387 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Frequently occurred bacterial diseases have seriously affected the aquaculture industry of half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). Notably, vibriosis, with Vibrio anguillarum as one of the causative pathogens, is the most severe bacterial disease with severe inflammatory response of the host, leading to high mortality rates. In the present study, we explored the relationship between bacterial concentrations and host mortality, inflammatory reaction, and immune response in half-smooth tongue sole after infection with V. anguillarum at different concentrations (Treatment 1, 6.4 × 105 CFU/mL; Treatment 2, 6.4 × 106 CFU/mL). The mortality of Treatment 2 (77.5%) was significantly higher than that of Treatment 1 (10%), corresponding with bacterial concentrations. Although the number of deaths varies, intensive deaths were observed within 24 h post infection (hpi) in both bacterial concentration groups. Histopathological analyses revealed that fish tissues were most severely damaged at 24 or 48 hpi, and Treatment 2 was more severe than Treatment 1. A qRT-PCR-based detection method with virulence factor gene empA was established to quantify the bacterial loads in various tissues, and the bacterial loads were the highest at 24 hpi in Treatment 2, and at 48 hpi in Treatment 1. Additionally, the expression levels of complement genes (C5a, C3, C5, and C6), inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10), and other immune-related genes (jak2, NF-κB1, stat3, and tlr3) were increased in various tissues after infection in both treatment groups, with most genes being most expressed at 24 or 48 hpi, and expression levels of inflammatory factors in Treatment 2 were higher than those in Treatment 1. Moreover, the expression of C5a was positively correlated with that of proinflammatory cytokines in both bacterial concentration groups. According to the results of this study, 24-48 hpi was a key node for early vibriosis detection and intervention. Compared with the low mortality of Treatment 1, the mass death of fish in Treatment 2 was suggested to be caused by uncontrolled excessive inflammatory reaction induced by the overactivation of complement system, especially C5a. We believe these results could provide theoretical basis for prevention, evaluation, and treatment of vibrio disease in tongue sole aquaculture, and lay a solid foundation for future functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shaoqing Zang
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinbao Liu
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hongning Liu
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhujun Li
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qingxin Fan
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Suxu Tan
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Kunpeng Shi
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanting Xia
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhenxia Sha
- Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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7
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Zhang C, Cao K, Yang M, Wang Y, He M, Lu J, Huang Y, Zhang G, Liu H. C5aR1 blockade reshapes immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade therapy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2261242. [PMID: 37791232 PMCID: PMC10543342 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2261242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), with a modest response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy, is densely infiltrated by M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. The complement C5a/C5aR1 axis contributes to the programming of the immunosuppressive phenotype of TAMs in solid tumors and represents a promising immunomodulatory target for treating HGSCs. Here, we aimed to identify the relevance of C5aR1 in prognosis, immune microenvironment, and immunotherapy response in HGSCs. The expression and relationship of C5aR1 with tumor-infiltrating immune cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry in the training cohort (n = 120) and fresh HGSC tissues (n = 36). Transcriptomic analyses of the xenografts delineated the mechanisms driving the immunomodulatory activity of PMX53, an orally bioavailable C5aR1 inhibitor. Therapeutic relevance was confirmed in ex vivo tumor cultures and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. C5aR1 expression independently predicted dismal prognosis and was linked to the immunoevasive subtype of HGSC, characterized by increased infiltration of pro-tumor cells (Treg cells, M2-polarized macrophages, and neutrophils) and impaired CD8+T functions. PMX53 antagonized subcutaneous tumor growth, modulated immunosuppressive mechanisms and synergized with aPD-1 in several tumor types. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed predominant C5aR1 expression in TAMs, with an immunosuppressive-related expression signature in C5aR1+TAMs. Furthermore, the combination of C5aR1 and PD-L1 was associated with specific molecular characteristics and matched clinical response annotations. Therefore, the abundance of C5aR1 could predict an inferior prognosis in HGSCs, and incorporating PD-L1 may serve as a novel predictive biomarker to guide therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kankan Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Moran Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiying Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdi He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiou Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chen DW, Kang T, Xu XZ, Xia WJ, Ye X, Wu YB, Xu YR, Liu J, Ren H, Deng J, Chen YK, Ding HQ, Aslam M, Zelek WM, Morgan BP, Kapur R, Santoso S, Fu YS. Mechanism and intervention of murine transfusion-related acute lung injury caused by anti-CD36 antibodies. JCI Insight 2023; 8:165142. [PMID: 36809299 PMCID: PMC10070104 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-CD36 Abs have been suggested to induce transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) upon blood transfusion, particularly in Asian populations. However, little is known about the pathological mechanism of anti-CD36 Ab-mediated TRALI, and potential therapies have not yet been identified. Here, we developed a murine model of anti-CD36 Ab-mediated TRALI to address these questions. Administration of mouse mAb against CD36 (mAb GZ1) or human anti-CD36 IgG, but not GZ1 F(ab')2 fragments, induced severe TRALI in Cd36+/+ male mice. Predepletion of recipient monocytes or complement, but not neutrophils or platelets, prevented the development of murine TRALI. Moreover, plasma C5a levels after TRALI induction by anti-CD36 Abs increased more than 3-fold, implying a critical role of complement C5 activation in the mechanism of Fc-dependent anti-CD36-mediated TRALI. Administration of GZ1 F(ab')2, antioxidant (N-acetyl cysteine, NAC), or C5 blocker (mAb BB5.1) before TRALI induction completely protected mice from anti-CD36-mediated TRALI. Although no significant amelioration in TRALI was observed when mice were injected with GZ1 F(ab')2 after TRALI induction, significant improvement was achieved when mice were treated postinduction with NAC or anti-C5. Importantly, anti-C5 treatment completely rescued mice from TRALI, suggesting the potential role of existing anti-C5 drugs in the treatment of patients with TRALI caused by anti-CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tian Kang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-Zhang Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Jie Xia
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Bin Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao-Ri Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang-Kai Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Qiang Ding
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wioleta M Zelek
- Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - B Paul Morgan
- Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Rick Kapur
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sentot Santoso
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yong-Shui Fu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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9
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He J, Li Z, Dhawan G, Zhang W, Sorochinsky AE, Butler G, Soloshonok VA, Han J. Fluorine-containing drugs approved by the FDA in 2021. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Irfan M, Kim JH, Druzinsky RE, Ravindran S, Chung S. Complement C5aR/LPS-induced BDNF and NGF modulation in human dental pulp stem cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2042. [PMID: 35132159 PMCID: PMC8821590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells with the ability to differentiate into a variety of cells and secrete nerve regeneration factors have become an emerging option in nerve regeneration. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) appear to be a good candidate for nerve regeneration given their accessibility, neural crest origin, and neural repair qualities. We have recently demonstrated that the complement C5a system, which is an important mediator of inflammation and tissue regeneration, is activated by lipoteichoic acid-treated pulp fibroblasts, and governs the production of brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF). This BDNF secretion promotes neurite outgrowth towards the injury site. Here, we extend our observation to DPSCs and compare their neurogenic ability to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under inflammatory stimulation. Our ELISA and immunostaining data demonstrate that blocking the C5a receptor (C5aR) reduced BDNF production in DPSCs, while treatment with C5aR agonist increased the BDNF expression, which suggests that C5aR has a positive regulatory role in the BDNF modulation of DPSCs. Inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment potentiated this effect and is C5aR dependent. Most important, DPSCs produced significantly higher levels of C5aR-mediated BDNF compared to BM-MSCs. Taken together, our data reveal novel roles for C5aR and inflammation in modulation of BDNF and NGF in DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Robert E Druzinsky
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Seung Chung
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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11
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Sterling JP, Lombardi VC. Decreasing the Likelihood of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Burn Injury with Early Antioxidant Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081192. [PMID: 34439439 PMCID: PMC8389021 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Major burn trauma initiates a cascade of physiological events that cause profound stress on the body, resulting in significant complications which often lead to death. An understanding of these events may afford earlier and more precise interventions which, in turn, may reduce these complications, thus, improving patient outcomes. Burn trauma is associated with numerous inflammatory events that result in the release of free radicals, which promote oxidative stress and subsequent tissue damage. These mass-inflammatory events affect the body systemically, leading to several detrimental responses including complement activation, excessive histamine release, decrease in blood pressure, release of reactive oxygen species, and ultimately multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). However, recent studies conducted on the use of antioxidants as a part of a burn treatment protocol have shown promising results. In this review, we will discuss the current research and advancements in the treatment of burn trauma with the use of antioxidants, and how the early administration of antioxidant can possibly reduce the risk of developing MODS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent C. Lombardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-775-682-8278
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12
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Production of a bispecific antibody targeting TNF-α and C5a in Pichia pastoris and its therapeutic potential in rheumatoid arthritis. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:557-569. [PMID: 32040674 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an alternative therapeutic modality for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a novel bispecific antibody (BsAb) targeting human tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and human complement component C5a was constructed. RESULTS BsAb was expressed in Pichia pastoris and secreted into the culture medium as a functional protein. In vitro functional study demonstrated that BsAb could simultaneously bind to TNF-α and C5a and neutralize their biological actions. Furthermore, BsAb showed significant improvements in both the antigen-binding affinity and the neutralizing ability as compared to its original antibodies produced in E. coli. It was also found that TNF-α and C5a had an additive/synergistic effect on promoting the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and C5a receptor (C5aR) expression in human macrophages. Compared to single inhibition of TNF-α or C5a with respective antibody, BsAb showed a superior efficacy in blocking inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and C5aR response, as well as in lowering the C5a-mediated chemotaxis of macrophages via C5aR in vitro. CONCLUSIONS With improved production processing and the ability to simultaneously block TNF-α and C5a action, BsAb has a great potential to be developed into a therapeutic agent and may offer a better therapeutic index for RA.
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13
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Zaal A, van Ham SM, Ten Brinke A. Differential effects of anaphylatoxin C5a on antigen presenting cells, roles for C5aR1 and C5aR2. Immunol Lett 2019; 209:45-52. [PMID: 30959077 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The anaphylatoxin C5a is well-known for its role as chemoattractant and contributes to immune cell recruitment into inflamed tissue and local inflammation. C5a has recently been implicated in modulation of antigen presenting cell function, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, which are pivotal for T cell activation and final T cell effector function. The published data on the effect of C5a on APC function and subsequent adaptive immune responses are in part conflicting, as both pro and anti-inflammatory effects have been described. In this review the opposing effects of C5a on APC function in mice and human are summarized and discussed in relation to origin of the involved APC subset, being either of the monocyte-derived lineage or dendritic cell lineage. In addition, the current knowledge on the expression of C5aR1 and C5aR2 on the different APC subsets is summarized. Based on the combined data, we propose that the differential effects of C5a on APC function may be attributed to absence or presence of co-expression of C5aR2 and C5aR1 on the specific APC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Zaal
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Marieke van Ham
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anja Ten Brinke
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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14
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Carroll JA, Race B, Williams K, Chesebro B. Toll-like receptor 2 confers partial neuroprotection during prion disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208559. [PMID: 30596651 PMCID: PMC6312208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration are common during prion infection, but the mechanisms that underlie these pathological features are not well understood. Several components of innate immunity, such as Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and Complement C1q, have been shown to influence prion disease. To identify additional components of innate immunity that might impact prion disease within the central nervous system (CNS), we screened RNA from brains of pre-clinical and clinical 22L-infected mice for alterations in genes associated with innate immunity. Transcription of several genes encoding damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) proteins and receptors were increased in the brains of prion-infected mice. To investigate the role of some of these proteins in prion disease of the CNS, we infected mice deficient in DAMP receptor genes Tlr2, C3ar1, and C5ar1 with 22L scrapie. Elimination of TLR2 accelerated disease by a median of 10 days, while lack of C3aR1 or C5aR1 had no effect on disease tempo. Histopathologically, all knockout mouse strains tested were similar to infected control mice in gliosis, vacuolation, and PrPSc deposition. Analysis of proinflammatory markers in the brains of infected knockout mice indicated only a few alterations in gene expression suggesting that C5aR1 and TLR2 signaling did not act synergistically in the brains of prion-infected mice. These results indicate that signaling through TLR2 confers partial neuroprotection during prion infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Carroll
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
| | - Brent Race
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
| | - Katie Williams
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
| | - Bruce Chesebro
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
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15
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Abstract
The immune response to acute muscle damage is important for normal repair. However, in chronic diseases such as many muscular dystrophies, the immune response can amplify pathology and play a major role in determining disease severity. Muscular dystrophies are inheritable diseases that vary tremendously in severity, but share the progressive loss of muscle mass and function that can be debilitating and lethal. Mutations in diverse genes cause muscular dystrophy, including genes that encode proteins that maintain membrane strength, participate in membrane repair, or are components of the extracellular matrix or the nuclear envelope. In this article, we explore the hypothesis that an important feature of many muscular dystrophies is an immune response adapted to acute, infrequent muscle damage that is misapplied in the context of chronic injury. We discuss the involvement of the immune system in the most common muscular dystrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and show that the immune system influences muscle death and fibrosis as disease progresses. We then present information on immune cell function in other muscular dystrophies and show that for many muscular dystrophies, release of cytosolic proteins into the extracellular space may provide an initial signal, leading to an immune response that is typically dominated by macrophages, neutrophils, helper T-lymphocytes, and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Although those features are similar in many muscular dystrophies, each muscular dystrophy shows distinguishing features in the magnitude and type of inflammatory response. These differences indicate that there are disease-specific immunomodulatory molecules that determine response to muscle cell damage caused by diverse genetic mutations. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:1313-1356, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G. Tidball
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Steven S. Welc
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michelle Wehling-Henricks
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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16
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Lu W, Wang L, Yao J, Wang W, Chen Y. Inhibition of C5a prevents IL-1β-induced alternations in rat synoviocytes in vitro. Mol Cell Probes 2018; 41:14-21. [PMID: 30092352 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
C5a is an important pro-inflammatory peptide involved in complement activation, membrane attack complex formation, immune cell chemotaxis, and allergic responses. Osteoarthritis is a disease characterized by degenerative changes in articular cartilage. It has recently been found that inflammatory responses play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and also in rheumatoid arthritis, where dysfunctional synoviocytes are involved. We performed a series of studies to verify our hypothesis that inhibition of C5a would prevent IL-1β-induced alternations in rat synoviocytes. In vitro studies were performed with RSC-364 cells to examine the role of C5a in the function of synoviocytes. RSC-364 cells (a rat derived synovial cell line) were treated with IL-1β, IL-1β+siC5a, IL-1β+PMX205 that is antagonist of C5aR, or left untreated. Cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, as well as levels of C5a, IL-17A and TNF-α expression were evaluated. We found that IL-1β could significantly increase the proliferation and invasion capabilities of RSC-364 cells, as well as of C5a IL-17A and TNF-α expression. In contrast, inhibition of C5a by siRNA or application of antagonist of C5aR PMX205 reversed the IL-1β-induced changes in C5a expression, cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and cytokines releases. Taken together, our study results suggest that IL-1β can increase C5a expression in RSC-364 cells, and that C5a exerts a proinflammatory effect in RSC-364 cells. Inhibition of C5a might represent a new strategy for treating rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, PR China; Department of Pain Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, PR China
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17
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Lu W, Wang L, Yao J, Wo C, Chen Y. C5a aggravates dysfunction of the articular cartilage and synovial fluid in rats with knee joint immobilization. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2110-2116. [PMID: 29956782 PMCID: PMC6072168 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative alterations in articular cartilage are involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of complement component 5a (C5a) in osteoarthritic alterations in the articular cartilage and synovialis via a joint immobilization (IM) rat model. Rats were assigned to three groups: Control, IM and IM+anti‑C5a antibody (IM+anti‑C5a) groups. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate the morphological alterations in the articular cartilage and synovialis. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) analysis, immunohistochemical analysis and western blotting were used to evaluate C5a expression in the articular cartilage and synovialis. An ELISA was used to evaluate C5a‑induced alterations in interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑17A and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α levels in the serum and joint fluid. The results demonstrated that knee joint immobilization induced destruction of knee joint synovial fluid and cartilage in the IM and IM+anti‑C5a antibody groups. Immobilization significantly increased the expression levels of C5a in serum and joint fluid in the IM group. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting and RT‑qPCR analysis illustrated markedly increased expression of C5a in the IM group. Immobilization markedly increased the IL‑1β, IL‑17A and TNF‑α expression levels in the serum and joint fluid in the IM group. Anti‑C5a was able to decrease immobilization‑induced alterations in morphology and cytokines compared with the IM group. The expression of C5a was increased in synoviocytes and joint cartilage in the IM model. Pro‑inflammatory cytokines, including TNF‑α and IL‑1β were released in the activated synoviocytes via the induction of C5a, suggesting that C5a serves an important role in joint inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Chunxin Wo
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
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18
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Rasid O, Cavaillon JM. Compartment diversity in innate immune reprogramming. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:156-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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An G, Li B, Liu X, Zhang M, Gao F, Zhao Y, An F, Zhang Y, Zhang C. Overexpression of complement component C5a accelerates the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout mice. Oncotarget 2018; 7:56060-56070. [PMID: 27517153 PMCID: PMC5302896 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the direct effect of C5a overexpression on atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS A recombinant adenovirus expressing mouse C5a (Ad-C5a) was constructed and injected intravenously into ApoE-/- mice. After 12 weeks of a high-fat diet, Ad-C5a injection produced more extensive lesions than control adenovirus, and its proathrosclerotic role was significantly blocked by C5a receptor antagonist. Immunohistochemical analysis showed enhanced macrophage infiltration in atherosclerotic regions with C5a overexpression. Trans-well assay revealed C5a receptor-dependent chemotaxis of C5a to macrophages. Furthermore, Ad-C5a overexpression promoted foam cell formation and lipid deposition but reduced collagen content. In addition, with Ad-C5a overexpression, the serum levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS C5a overexpression could accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice by promoting macrophage recruitment, foam cell formation and inflammatory activation. Furthermore, its proatherogetic role is mediated by the C5a receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guipeng An
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fengshuang An
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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20
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Colley CS, Popovic B, Sridharan S, Debreczeni JE, Hargeaves D, Fung M, An L, Edwards B, Arnold J, England E, Eghobamien L, Sivars U, Flavell L, Renshaw J, Wickson K, Warrener P, Zha J, Bonnell J, Woods R, Wilkinson T, Dobson C, Vaughan TJ. Structure and characterization of a high affinity C5a monoclonal antibody that blocks binding to C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors. MAbs 2018; 10:104-117. [PMID: 28952876 PMCID: PMC5800367 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2017.1384892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
C5a is a potent anaphylatoxin that modulates inflammation through the C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors. The molecular interactions between C5a-C5aR1 receptor are well defined, whereas C5a-C5aR2 receptor interactions are poorly understood. Here, we describe the generation of a human antibody, MEDI7814, that neutralizes C5a and C5adesArg binding to the C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors, without affecting complement-mediated bacterial cell killing. Unlike other anti-C5a mAbs described, this antibody has been shown to inhibit the effects of C5a by blocking C5a binding to both C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors. The crystal structure of the antibody in complex with human C5a reveals a discontinuous epitope of 22 amino acids. This is the first time the epitope for an antibody that blocks C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors has been described, and this work provides a basis for molecular studies aimed at further understanding the C5a-C5aR2 receptor interaction. MEDI7814 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of acute inflammatory conditions in which both C5a receptors may mediate inflammation, such as sepsis or renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibody Affinity
- Antibody Specificity
- Binding Sites, Antibody
- Complement C5a/antagonists & inhibitors
- Complement C5a/chemistry
- Complement C5a/immunology
- Complement C5a/metabolism
- Epitope Mapping/methods
- Epitopes
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation
- Protein Engineering
- Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a/chemistry
- Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a/immunology
- Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a/metabolism
- Receptors, Chemokine/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Chemokine/chemistry
- Receptors, Chemokine/immunology
- Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S. Colley
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
- CONTACT Caroline S. Colley Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Bojana Popovic
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Michael Fung
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Ling–Ling An
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Bryan Edwards
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joanne Arnold
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elizabeth England
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Eghobamien
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ulf Sivars
- Translational Biology, IMED RIA Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liz Flavell
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Kate Wickson
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Warrener
- Infectious Diseases, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jingying Zha
- Infectious Diseases, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Rob Woods
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Trevor Wilkinson
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire Dobson
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tristan J. Vaughan
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Cambridge, UK
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21
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Ajona D, Ortiz-Espinosa S, Pio R. Complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a: Emerging roles in cancer progression and treatment. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 85:153-163. [PMID: 29155219 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent insights into the role of complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in cancer provide new opportunities for the development of innovative biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. These two complement activation products can maintain chronic inflammation, promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment, induce angiogenesis, and increase the motility and metastatic potential of cancer cells. Still, the diverse heterogeneity of responses mediated by these peptides poses a challenge both to our understanding of the role played by these molecules in cancer progression and to the development of effective treatments. This review attempts to summarize the evidence surrounding the involvement of anaphylatoxins in the biological contexts associated with tumor progression. We also describe the recent developments that support the inhibition of anaphylatoxins, or their cognate receptors C3aR and C5aR1, as a treatment option for maximizing the clinical efficacy of current immunotherapies that target the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ajona
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Ortiz-Espinosa
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain; University of Navarra, School of Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Pamplona, Spain.
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22
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Frangogiannis NG. Editor’s Choice- Activation of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of acute heart failure. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2017; 7:358-361. [DOI: 10.1177/2048872617707456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Tuboly E, Futakuchi M, Varga G, Érces D, Tőkés T, Mészáros A, Kaszaki J, Suzui M, Imai M, Okada A, Okada N, Boros M, Okada H. C5a inhibitor protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat small intestine. Microbiol Immunol 2016; 60:35-46. [PMID: 26576826 PMCID: PMC4819679 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is caused by considerable intestinal injury, which is associated with intestinal ischemia followed by reperfusion. To elucidate the mechanisms of ischemia/reperfusion injuries, a C5a inhibitory peptide termed AcPepA was used to examine the role of C5a anaphylatoxin, induction of inflammatory cells, and cell proliferation of the intestinal epithelial cells in an experimental AMI model. In this rat model, the superior mesenteric artery was occluded and subsequently reperfused (Induce‐I/R). Other groups were treated with AcPepA before ischemia or reperfusion. Induce‐I/R induced injuries in the intestine and AcPepA significantly decreased the proportion of severely injured villi. Induce‐I/R induced secondary receptor for C5a‐positive polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the vessels and CD204‐positive macrophages near the injured site; this was correlated with hypoxia‐induced factor 1‐alpha‐positive cells. Induction of these inflammatory cells was attenuated by AcPepA. In addition, AcPepA increased proliferation of epithelial cells in the villi, possibly preventing further damage. Therefore, Induce‐I/R activates C5a followed by the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte and hypoxia‐induced factor 1‐alpha‐producing macrophages, leading to villus injury. AcPepA, a C5a inhibitory peptide, blocks the deleterious effects of C5a, indicating it has a therapeutic effect on the inflammatory consequences of experimental AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Tuboly
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6 Szőkefalvi-Nagy Béla Street, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | | | - Gabriella Varga
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6 Szőkefalvi-Nagy Béla Street, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Daniel Érces
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6 Szőkefalvi-Nagy Béla Street, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tőkés
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6 Szőkefalvi-Nagy Béla Street, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Andras Mészáros
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6 Szőkefalvi-Nagy Béla Street, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - József Kaszaki
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6 Szőkefalvi-Nagy Béla Street, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | | | - Masaki Imai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601
| | - Alan Okada
- Research Institute for Protein Science, 2-18 Nakayama-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-0803, Japan
| | | | - Mihály Boros
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6 Szőkefalvi-Nagy Béla Street, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
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24
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van der Maten E, de Bont CM, de Groot R, de Jonge MI, Langereis JD, van der Flier M. Alternative pathway regulation by factor H modulates Streptococcus pneumoniae induced proinflammatory cytokine responses by decreasing C5a receptor crosstalk. Cytokine 2016; 88:281-286. [PMID: 27721145 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens not only stimulate innate immune receptors, but also activate the complement system. Crosstalk between complement C5a receptor (C5aR) and other innate immune receptors is known to enhance the proinflammatory cytokine response. An important determinant of the magnitude of complement activation is the activity of the alternative pathway, which serves as an amplification mechanism for complement activation. Both alternative pathway activity as well as plasma levels of factor H, a key inhibitor of the alternative pathway, show large variation within the human population. Here, we studied the effect of factor H-mediated regulation of the alternative pathway on bacterial-induced proinflammatory cytokine responses. We used the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae as a model stimulus to induce proinflammatory cytokine responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Serum containing active complement enhanced pneumococcal induced proinflammatory cytokine production through C5a release and C5aR crosstalk. We found that inhibition of the alternative pathway by factor H, with a concentration equivalent to a high physiological level, strongly reduced C5a levels and decreased proinflammatory cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This suggests that variation in alternative pathway activity due to variation in factor H plasma levels affects individual cytokine responses during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika van der Maten
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia M de Bont
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald de Groot
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marien I de Jonge
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D Langereis
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel van der Flier
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Cavaillon JM, Annane D. Invited review: Compartmentalization of the inflammatory response in sepsis and SIRS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519060120030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are associated with an exacerbated production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators that are mainly produced within tissues. Although a systemic process, the pathophysiological events differ from organ to organ, and from organ to peripheral blood, leading to the concept of compartmentalization. The nature of the insult ( e.g. burn, hemorrhage, trauma, peritonitis), the cellular composition of each compartment ( e.g . nature of phagocytes, nature of endothelial cells), and its micro-environment ( e.g. local presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor [GM-CSF] in the lungs, low levels of arginine in the liver, release of endotoxin from the gut), and leukocyte recruitment, have a great influence on local inflammation and on tissue injury. High levels of pro-inflammatory mediators ( e.g. interleukin-1 [IL-1], tumor necrosis factor [TNF], gamma interferon [IFN-γ], high mobility group protein-1 [HMGB1], macrophage migration inhibitory factor [MIF]) produced locally and released into the blood stream initiate remote organ injury as a consequence of an organ cross-talk. The inflammatory response within the tissues is greatly influenced by the local delivery of neuromediators by the cholinergic and sympathetic neurons. Acetylcholine and epinephrine contribute with IL-10 and other mediators to the anti-inflammatory compensatory response initiated to dampen the inflammatory process. Unfortunately, this regulatory response leads to an altered immune status of leukocytes that can increase the susceptibility to further infection. Again, the nature of the insult, the nature of the leukocytes, the presence of circulating microbial components, and the nature of the triggering agent employed to trigger cells, greatly influence the immune status of the leukocytes that may differ from one compartment to another. While anti-inflammatory mediators predominate within the blood stream to avoid igniting new inflammatory foci, their presence within tissues may not always be sufficient to prevent the initiation of a deleterious inflammatory response in the different compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Djillali Annane
- Service de Réanimation, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris Ile de France Ouest, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Garches, France
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26
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Hwang DE, Choi JM, Yang CS, Lee JJ, Heu W, Jo EK, Kim HS. Effective suppression of C5a-induced proinflammatory response using anti-human C5a repebody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:1072-1077. [PMID: 27416759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The strongest anaphylatoxin, C5a, plays a critical role in the proinflammatory responses, causing the pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory diseases including sepsis, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. Inhibitors of C5a thus have great potential as therapeutics for various inflammatory disorders. Herein, we present the development of a high-affinity repebody against human C5a (hC5a), which effectively suppresses the proinflammatory response. A repebody scaffold composed of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) modules was previously developed as an alternative protein scaffold. A repebody specifically binding to hC5a was selected through a phage display, and its affinity was increased up to 5 nM using modular engineering. The repebody was shown to effectively inhibit the production of C5a-induced proinflammatory cytokines by human monocytes. To obtain insight into a mode of action by the repebody, we determined its crystal structure in complex with hC5a. A structural analysis revealed that the repebody binds to the D1 and D3 regions of hC5a, overlapping several epitope residues with the hC5a receptor (hC5aR). It is thus likely that the repebody suppresses the hC5a-mediated immune response in monocytes by blocking the binding of hC5a to its receptor. The anti-hC5a repebody can be developed as a potential therapeutic for C5a-involved inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Eun Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Su Yang
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Jae Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Heu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Eckel EF, Ametaj BN. Invited review: Role of bacterial endotoxins in the etiopathogenesis of periparturient diseases of transition dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:5967-5990. [PMID: 27209132 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The dairy industry continues to suffer severe economic losses due to the increased disease incidence cows experience during the transition period. It has long been the classical view that the major contributing factor to the development of these periparturient diseases is the considerable increase in nutritional demands for milk production. This classical view, however, fails to account for the substantial correlation between both metabolic and infectious diseases and the detrimental effects that can occur with the provision of high-energy diets to support these nutritional demands. Currently, increasing evidence implicates bacterial endotoxins in the etiopathology of most periparturient diseases. Bacterial endotoxins are components of the outer cell wall of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria that are highly immunostimulatory and can trigger proinflammatory immune responses. The ability of endotoxins to translocate from the mucosal tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract, mammary gland, and uterus, into the systemic circulation has been observed. Once they have entered the circulation, endotoxins potentially contribute to disease either directly, through eliciting an inflammatory response, or indirectly through other factors such as the overreaction of the natural protective mechanisms of the host. Although the evidence implicating a role of endotoxins in the pathogenesis of transition diseases continues to grow, our current knowledge of the host response to mucosal endotoxin exposure and pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unknown. Developing our understanding of the connection between endotoxemia and dairy cattle disease holds significant potential for the future development of preventative measures that could benefit the productivity of the dairy industry as well as animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Eckel
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Burim N Ametaj
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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28
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Uhel F, Tadié JM, Le Tulzo Y. Choc septique : mécanismes du décès. MEDECINE INTENSIVE REANIMATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13546-015-1019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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Wu N, LaPatra SE, Li J, Sunyer JO, Zhang YA. Complement C5a acts as molecular adjuvant in fish by enhancing antibody response to soluble antigen. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 40:616-623. [PMID: 25149591 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
C5a, the most potent anaphylatoxin generated during complement activation, has important pro-inflammatory actions and has also been shown to enhance antigen-specific antibody response in mammals, thereby acting as a molecular adjuvant. In rainbow trout, C5a has been shown to have a chemoattractant ability and its receptor has also been found on potential APCs. In this study, we tested the possible role of trout C5a as a molecular adjuvant. We demonstrated the presence of native C5a in trout serum using the antibody generated by recombinant trout C5a, and then we generated recombinant infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus glycoprotein (G), and a G-C5a fusion protein to test the adjuvant activity of trout C5a. Recombinant G-C5a displayed a potent chemoattractant activity in contrast to G alone, indicating that the C5a portion of the fusion protein was functional. Thereafter, G-C5a, partially emulsified in a small quantity of IFA, was injected into one group of trout, while the other group of trout was inoculated with the same dose of recombinant G. At four to sixteen weeks post-injection, the serum IgM antibody levels of the fish injected with recombinant G-C5a were obviously higher than those injected with G protein alone. Thus, these results suggest, for the first time, that C5a acts as molecular adjuvant in teleost fish by enhancing antibody response to a soluble antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Scott E LaPatra
- Clear Spring Foods, Inc., Research Division, Buhl, ID 83316, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste Marie, MI 49783, USA
| | - J Oriol Sunyer
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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30
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Andersson C, Wenander CS, Usher PA, Hebsgaard JB, Sondergaard BC, Rønø B, Mackay C, Friedrichsen B, Chang C, Tang R, Hornum L. Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:219-33. [PMID: 24665841 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical evidence supports targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To support ongoing clinical development of an anti-C5aR monoclonal antibody, we have investigated for the first time the mechanism of action and the pharmacodynamics of a blocking anti-murine C5aR (anti-mC5aR) surrogate antibody in mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). First, efficacy was demonstrated in a multiple-dose treatment study. Almost complete inhibition of clinical disease progression was obtained, including reduced bone and cartilage destruction in anti-mC5aR-treated mice. Then, the mechanism of action was examined by looking for early effects of anti-mC5aR treatment in single-dose treatment studies. We found that 48 h after single-dose treatment with anti-mC5aR, the neutrophil and macrophage infiltration into the paws was already reduced. In addition, several inflammatory markers, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A were reduced locally in the paws, indicating reduction of local inflammation. Furthermore, dose-setting experiments supported a beneficial clinical effect of dosing above the C5aR saturation level. In conclusion, these preclinical data demonstrated rapid onset effects of antibody blockade of C5aR. The data have translational value in supporting the Novo Nordisk clinical trials of an anti-C5aR antibody in rheumatoid arthritis patients, by identifying potential biomarkers of treatment effects as well as by providing information on pharmacodynamics and novel insights into the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibody blockade of C5aR.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Andersson
- Inflammatory Arthritis, Immunopharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
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31
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Abstract
Skeletal muscle continuously adapts to changes in its mechanical environment through modifications in gene expression and protein stability that affect its physiological function and mass. However, mechanical stresses commonly exceed the parameters that induce adaptations, producing instead acute injury. Furthermore, the relatively superficial location of many muscles in the body leaves them further vulnerable to acute injuries by exposure to extreme temperatures, contusions, lacerations or toxins. In this article, the molecular, cellular, and mechanical factors that underlie muscle injury and the capacity of muscle to repair and regenerate are presented. Evidence shows that muscle injuries that are caused by eccentric contractions result from direct mechanical damage to myofibrils. However, muscle pathology following other acute injuries is largely attributable to damage to the muscle cell membrane. Many feaures in the injury-repair-regeneration cascade relate to the unregulated influx of calcium through membrane lesions, including: (i) activation of proteases and hydrolases that contribute muscle damage, (ii) activation of enzymes that drive the production of mitogens and motogens for muscle and immune cells involved in injury and repair, and (iii) enabling protein-protein interactions that promote membrane repair. Evidence is also presented to show that the myogenic program that is activated by acute muscle injury and the inflammatory process that follows are highly coordinated, with myeloid cells playing a central role in modulating repair and regeneration. The early-invading, proinflammatory M1 macrophages remove debris caused by injury and express Th1 cytokines that play key roles in regulating the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of satellite cells. The subsequent invasion by anti-inflammatory, M2 macrophages promotes tissue repair and attenuates inflammation. Although this system provides an effective mechanism for muscle repair and regeneration following acute injury, it is dysregulated in chronic injuries. In this article, the process of muscle injury, repair and regeneration that occurs in muscular dystrophy is used as an example of chronic muscle injury, to highlight similarities and differences between the injury and repair processes that occur in acutely and chronically injured muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Tidball
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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32
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Seow V, Lim J, Iyer A, Suen JY, Ariffin JK, Hohenhaus DM, Sweet MJ, Fairlie DP. Inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide are amplified in primary human monocytes but suppressed in macrophages by complement protein C5a. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:4308-16. [PMID: 24043889 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages are important innate immune cells equipped with danger-sensing receptors, including complement and Toll-like receptors. Complement protein C5a, acting via C5aR, is shown in this study to differentially modulate LPS-induced inflammatory responses in primary human monocytes versus macrophages. Whereas C5a enhanced secretion of LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF from primary human monocytes, C5a inhibited these responses while increasing IL-10 secretion in donor-matched human monocyte-derived macrophages differentiated by GM-CSF or M-CSF. Gαi/c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling induced by C5a was amplified in macrophages but not in monocytes by LPS. Accordingly, the Gαi inhibitor pertussis toxin and MEK inhibitor U0126 blocked C5a inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF production from macrophages. This synergy was independent of IL-10, PI3K, p38, JNK, and the differentiating agent. Furthermore, C5a did not inhibit IL-6 production from macrophages induced by other TLR agonists that are selective for Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-β (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid) or MyD88 (imiquimod), demonstrating selectivity for C5a regulation of LPS responses. Finally, suppression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF in macrophages did not compromise antimicrobial activity; instead, C5a enhanced clearance of the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from macrophages. C5aR is thus a regulatory switch that modulates TLR4 signaling via the Gαi/c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling axis in human macrophages but not monocytes. The differential effects of C5a are consistent with amplifying monocyte proinflammatory responses to systemic danger signals, but attenuating macrophage cytokine responses (without compromising microbicidal activity), thereby restraining inflammatory responses to localized infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vernon Seow
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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33
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Yan C, Gao H. New insights for C5a and C5a receptors in sepsis. Front Immunol 2012; 3:368. [PMID: 23233853 PMCID: PMC3518060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system plays a central role in inflammation and immunity. Among the complement activation products, C5a is one of the most potent inflammatory peptides with a broad spectrum of functions. There is strong evidence for complement activation including elevated plasma level of C5a in humans and animals with sepsis. C5a exerts its effects through the C5a receptors. Of the two receptors that bind C5a, the C5aR (CD88) is known to mediate signaling activity, whereas the function of another C5a binding receptor, C5L2, remains largely unknown. Here, we review the critical role of C5a in sepsis and summarize evidence indicating that both C5aR and C5L2 act as regulating receptors for C5a during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongwei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
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34
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Cheng SC, Sprong T, Joosten LA, van der Meer JWM, Kullberg BJ, Hube B, Schejbel L, Garred P, van Deuren M, Netea MG. Complement plays a central role in Candida albicans-induced cytokine production by human PBMCs. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:993-1004. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201142057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lone Schejbel
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Laboratory of Molecular Medicine; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - Peter Garred
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Laboratory of Molecular Medicine; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen; Denmark
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35
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Zhou W. The new face of anaphylatoxins in immune regulation. Immunobiology 2012; 217:225-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Banda NK, Hyatt S, Antonioli AH, White JT, Glogowska M, Takahashi K, Merkel TJ, Stahl GL, Mueller-Ortiz S, Wetsel R, Arend WP, Holers VM. Role of C3a receptors, C5a receptors, and complement protein C6 deficiency in collagen antibody-induced arthritis in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 188:1469-78. [PMID: 22205026 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The complement system, especially the alternative pathway, plays essential roles in the induction of injury in collagen Ab-induced arthritis (CAIA) in mice. The goal of the current study was to directly compare the roles of receptors for C3a and C5a, as well as the membrane attack complex, as effector mechanisms in the pathogenesis of CAIA. Clinical disease activity in C3aR(-/-), C5aR(-/-), and C6-deficient (C6-def) mice was decreased by 52, 94, and 65%, respectively, as compared with wild-type mice. Decreases in histopathologic injury as well as in IgG and C3 deposition paralleled the clinical disease activity. A decrease in the percentage of synovial neutrophils was observed in C3aR(-/-), C5aR(-/-), and C6-def mice, and a decrease in macrophages was observed in C3aR(-/-) and C5aR(-/-), but not in C6-def, mice. Synovial mRNA obtained by laser capture microdissection exhibited a decrease in TNF-α in C5aR(-/-) mice and in IL-1β in both C5aR(-/-) and C6-def mice, whereas C3aR(-/-) mice demonstrated no change in either cytokine. Our findings show that absent C3aR-, C5aR-, or membrane attack complex-initiated effector mechanisms each decrease susceptibility to CAIA, with clinical effects most pronounced in C5aR-deficient mice. Although the absence of C3aR, C5aR, or C6 led to differential deficiencies in effector mechanisms, decreased proximal joint IgG and C3 deposition was common to all three genotypes in comparison with wild-type mice. These data suggest the existence of positive-feedback amplification pathways downstream of all three effectors that promote additional IgG deposition and C3 activation in the joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal K Banda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Sun S, Guo Y, Zhao G, Zhou X, Li J, Hu J, Yu H, Chen Y, Song H, Qiao F, Xu G, Yang F, Wu Y, Tomlinson S, Duan Z, Zhou Y. Complement and the alternative pathway play an important role in LPS/D-GalN-induced fulminant hepatic failure. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26838. [PMID: 22069473 PMCID: PMC3206060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a clinically severe type of liver injury with an extremely high mortality rate. Although the pathological mechanisms of FHF are not well understood, evidence suggests that the complement system is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of liver disorders. In the present study, to investigate the role of complement in FHF, we examined groups of mice following intraperitoneal injection of LPS/D-GalN: wild-type C57BL/6 mice, wild-type mice treated with a C3aR antagonist, C5aR monoclonal antibody (C5aRmAb) or CR2-Factor H (CR2-fH, an inhibitor of the alternative pathway), and C3 deficient mice (C3⁻/⁻ mice). The animals were euthanized and samples analyzed at specific times after LPS/D-GalN injection. The results show that intraperitoneal administration of LPS/D-GalN activated the complement pathway, as evidenced by the hepatic deposition of C3 and C5b-9 and elevated serum levels of the complement activation product C3a, the level of which was associated with the severity of the liver damage. C3a receptor (C3aR) and C5a receptor (C5aR) expression was also upregulated. Compared with wild-type mice, C3⁻/⁻ mice survived significantly longer and displayed reduced liver inflammation and attenuated pathological damage following LPS/D-GalN injection. Similar levels of protection were seen in mice treated with C3aR antagonist,C5aRmAb or CR2-fH. These data indicate an important role for the C3a and C5a generated by the alternative pathway in LPS/D-GalN-induced FHF. The data further suggest that complement inhibition may be an effective strategy for the adjunctive treatment of fulminant hepatic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingya Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing You-An Hospital, Artificial Liver Center, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Song
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Qiao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Guilian Xu
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Stephen Tomlinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Beijing You-An Hospital, Artificial Liver Center, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yusen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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Chen M, Muckersie E, Luo C, Forrester JV, Xu H. Inhibition of the alternative pathway of complement activation reduces inflammation in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Eur J Immunol 2010; 40:2870-81. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201040323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Abstract
During sepsis, the plasma levels of numerous inflammatory markers are enhanced. Some of these markers are the mediators responsible for the syndromes observed during sepsis as well as for organ dysfunction and eventually death. Their role has been demonstrated in experimental models that employed either transgenic and gene-targeted animals or the use of neutralizing agents. Accordingly, anaphylatoxins generated after complement system activation, factors of coagulation and fibrinolysis, proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, proteases, lipid mediators, nitric oxide, and cell markers of stress (eg, high mobility group box-1) have been shown to contribute to the deleterious events observed during sepsis. On the other hand, the counter-regulation of the inflammatory process, which involves mediators such as anti-inflammatory cytokines and some neuromediators, can jeopardize the immune status of the host and render the patients more sensitive to nosocomial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Marc Cavaillon
- Unit Cytokines and Inflammation, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
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Vipera aspis venom reduces lethality and down-regulates tumor necrosis factor-α in a rat model of LPS-induced sepsis. Cytokine 2010; 49:319-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 11/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Copland DA, Hussain K, Baalasubramanian S, Hughes TR, Morgan BP, Xu H, Dick AD, Nicholson LB. Systemic and local anti-C5 therapy reduces the disease severity in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 159:303-14. [PMID: 20002447 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.04070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of complement occurs during autoimmune retinal and intraocular inflammatory disease as well as neuroretinal degenerative disorders. The cleavage of C5 into fragments C5a and C5b is a critical event during the complement cascade. C5a is a potent proinflammatory anaphylatoxin capable of inducing cell migration, adhesion and cytokine release, while membrane attack complex C5b-9 causes cell lysis. Therapeutic approaches to prevent complement-induced inflammation include the use of blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to prevent C5 cleavage. In these current experiments, the rat anti-mouse C5 mAb (BB5.1) was utilized to investigate the effects of inhibition of C5 cleavage on disease progression and severity in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), a model of organ-specific autoimmunity in the eye characterized by structural retinal damage mediated by infiltrating macrophages. Systemic treatment with BB5.1 results in significantly reduced disease scores compared with control groups, while local administration results in an earlier resolution of disease. In vitro, contemporaneous C5a and interferon-gamma signalling enhanced nitric oxide production, accompanied by down-regulation of the inhibitory myeloid CD200 receptor, contributing to cell activation. These experiments demonstrate that C5 cleavage contributes to the full expression of EAU, and that selective C5 blockade via systemic and local routes of administration can suppress disease. This presents great therapeutic potential to protect against tissue damage during autoimmune responses in the retina or inflammation-induced degenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Copland
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Sciences South Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Pravastatin prevents miscarriages in mice: role of tissue factor in placental and fetal injury. Blood 2009; 113:4101-9. [PMID: 19234141 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-12-194258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy loss and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are serious pregnancy complications, and the triggers and mediators of placental and fetal damage are not completely understood. Using a mouse model of recurrent spontaneous miscarriages (DBA/2-mated CBA/J mice) that shares features with human recurrent miscarriage and fetal growth restriction, we identified tissue factor (TF) as an essential participating factor in placental and fetal injury. We have previously shown that C5a releases antiangiogenic molecule sFlt-1 in monocytes that causes defective placental development and fetal death in DBA/2-mated CBA/J mice. In this study, we found that TF not only activates the coagulation pathway, but it also mediates sFlt-1 release in monocytes causing defective placental development and fetal death. Blockade of TF with a monoclonal antibody inhibited sFlt-1 release, prevented the pathological activation of the coagulation pathway, restored placental blood flow, prevented placental oxidative stress, and rescued pregnancies. We also demonstrated that pravastatin, by down-regulating TF expression on monocytes and trophoblasts, prevented placental damage and protected pregnancies in DBA/2-mated CBA/J mice. These studies indicate that TF is an important mediator in fetal death and growth restriction and that statins may be a good treatment for women with recurrent miscarriages and IUGR.
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Khodoun M, Strait R, Orekov T, Hogan S, Karasuyama H, Herbert DR, Köhl J, Finkelman FD. Peanuts can contribute to anaphylactic shock by activating complement. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 123:342-51. [PMID: 19121857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is the most common food-related cause of lethal anaphylaxis and, unlike other food allergies, typically persists into adulthood. Resistance to digestion and dendritic cell activation by the major peanut allergen Ara h 1 are reported to contribute to its allergenicity. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate whether peanut molecules might also promote anaphylaxis through an innate immune mechanism. METHODS Naive mice were treated with a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist and long-acting IL-4 to increase sensitivity to vasoactive mediators and injected with peanut extract (PE). Shock was detected and quantified by means of rectal thermometry. Gene-deficient mice and specific antagonists were used to determine the roles of specific cell types, complement, Fc receptors, and vasoactive mediators in shock pathogenesis. RESULTS PE induces dose-dependent shock. PE activates complement in vivo in mice and in vitro in mice and human subjects. C3a and, to a lesser extent, stimulatory immunoglobulin receptors contribute to PE-induced shock. PE-induced shock depends more on macrophages and basophils than on mast cells. Platelet-activating factor and, to a lesser extent, histamine contribute to PE-induced shock. PE induces shock in the absence of the adaptive immune system. LPS contamination is not responsible for PE-induced shock. PE and IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation synergistically induce shock. Tree nuts have similar effects to PE, and skim milk and egg white do not. CONCLUSION Peanuts can contribute to shock by causing production of C3a, which stimulates macrophages, basophils, and mast cells to produce platelet-activating factor and histamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Khodoun
- Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Immunology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Sobieski MA, Graham JD, Pappas PS, Tatooles AJ, Slaughter MS. Reducing the Effects of the Systemic Inflammatory Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Can Single Dose Steroids Blunt Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome? ASAIO J 2008; 54:203-6. [DOI: 10.1097/mat.0b013e3181640331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Kastl SP, Speidl WS, Kaun C, Katsaros KM, Rega G, Afonyushkin T, Bochkov VN, Valent P, Assadian A, Hagmueller GW, Hoeth M, de Martin R, Ma Y, Maurer G, Huber K, Wojta J. In human macrophages the complement component C5a induces the expression of oncostatin M via AP-1 activation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28:498-503. [PMID: 18187666 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.107.160580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophages produce the cytokine oncostatin M (OSM), which beside other functions is also involved in inflammation. The complement component C5a mobilizes and activates these cells at inflammatory sites. We examined the effect of C5a on OSM production in human monocytes and in human monocyte-derived macrophages. METHODS AND RESULTS For macrophage transformation peripheral blood monocytes were cultivated for 8 to 10 days in the presence of human serum. C5a significantly increased in these cells OSM antigen as determined by specific ELISA and mRNA as quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction in these cells as well as in plaque macrophages. This effect was blocked by antibodies against the receptor C5aR/CD88 and by pertussis toxin. The C5a-induced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK and the C5a-induced increase in OSM production in macrophages was abolished by 2 p38 inhibitors and by a JNK inhibitor. Furthermore C5a increased the nuclear translocation of c-fos and c-jun. Using different OSM promoter deletion mutant constructs we show that the putative AP-1 element is responsible for activation of OSM promoter activity by C5a. CONCLUSIONS Our data establish a link between the complement system and the gp130 receptor cytokine family with possible implications for the pathology of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan P Kastl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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DiScipio RG, Schraufstatter IU. The role of the complement anaphylatoxins in the recruitment of eosinophils. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:1909-23. [PMID: 18039528 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2007] [Accepted: 07/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophils are blood and tissue immune cells that participate in a diverse range of activities normally beneficial for the host defense, but in circumstances of untoward inflammatory conditions these cells can be responsible for pathological responses. Accordingly the transit of eosinophils from the blood to tissues is a subject of considerable importance in immunology. In this article we review how the complement anaphylatoxins, C3a and C5a bring about eosinophil extravasation. These mediators do not merely provide a chemotactic or haptotactic gradient but are responsible for orchestrating innumerable responses by other cells types, including of endothelial cells, mast cells, and basophils in order to create an environment that is conducive for eosinophil infiltration. C5a has the capacity to prime the endothelium directly to present P-selectin, and C5a stimulated generation of eosinophil hydrogen peroxide and other oxidants can cause additional upregulation of endothelial P-selectin and ICAM-1. Moreover, the anaphylatoxins have the ability to recruit mast cells and basophils and can stimulate these cells to release IL-4 and IL-13, which by augmenting endothelial VCAM-1, convey some selectivity for eosinophils. The anaphylatoxins also have the capability to evoke the release and activation of eosinophil MMP-9, which is employed by this cell type to digest its way past the subendothelial matrix. Finally, because C3a and C5a can stimulate the generation of nitric oxide along with the secretion of histamine and LTC4 from several cell types, the anaphylatoxins can bring about an increase in vascular permeability that facilitates eosinophil accumulation at sites of allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G DiScipio
- La Jolla Institute for Molecular Medicine, 4570 Executive Dr. #100, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
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Crane JW, Buller KM. Systemic blockade of complement C5a receptors reduces lipopolysacharride-induced responses in the paraventricular nucleus and the central amygdala. Neurosci Lett 2007; 424:10-5. [PMID: 17703884 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Revised: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The complement anaphylatoxin C5a is a potent mediator of the innate immune response to infection. Recent evidence also reveals that C5a contributes to central nervous system effects in addition to its well-known peripheral functions. However, it is not known if C5a has a role in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; a critical cascade that exemplifies neuroimmune interactions between the periphery and the brain. In the present study we examined if systemic pre-treatment with a C5a receptor antagonist, PMX53, can affect lipopolysaccharide-induced (LPS; 1 mg/kg, i.p.) activation of the HPA axis in the rat. Using Fos protein as a marker of neuronal activation, we found that systemic administration of PMX53 reduced the LPS-induced activation of paraventricular corticotropin-releasing factor (PVN CRF) and central amygdala cells. However, PMX53 did not alter LPS-induced responses in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, nucleus tractus solitarius and ventrolateral medulla. Our findings demonstrate that C5a may have a role in the activation of the HPA axis in response to systemic LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Crane
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Schaeffer V, Cuschieri J, Garcia I, Knoll M, Billgren J, Jelacic S, Bulger E, Maier R. The priming effect of C5a on monocytes is predominantly mediated by the p38 MAPK pathway. Shock 2007; 27:623-30. [PMID: 17505301 PMCID: PMC6014696 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e31802fa0bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The dysregulation of the inflammatory response after trauma leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Monocytes and macrophages play a central role in the orchestration of the inflammatory response after injury. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration correlates with poor outcomes after injury. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Furthermore, in the presence of C5a, monocytes and macrophages have potentiated responses, but the mechanisms underlying this response remain largely unknown. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy volunteers and pretreated with C5a (100 ng/mL) for 1 h before adding lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 ng/mL) for up to 20 h. Inhibitors for the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were added 1 h before adding C5a. C5a primes monocytes for LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha production. Treatment of PBMCs with C5a leads to a rapid activation of the 3 MAPK pathways. SP600125 (inhibitor of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase MAPK) and PD98059 (inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase MAPK) did not affect the C5a priming of the LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha production, whereas SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, did suppress the C5a priming effect. These results demonstrate that C5a primes adherent PBMCs and modulates LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha production. Results from extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase MAPK blockade suggest that these signaling pathways have minimal or no role in reprogramming LPS-mediated IL-6 and TNF-alpha production. On the contrary, in PBMCs, C5a activates the p38 cascade, and this pathway plays a major role in the C5a enhancement of LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Schaeffer
- Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.
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DeAngelis RA, Markiewski MM, Lambris JD. Liver regeneration: a link to inflammation through complement. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2007; 586:17-34. [PMID: 16893062 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-34134-x_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A DeAngelis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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