1
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Chen M, Kang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Trained immunity: A link between risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38824960 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are significant contributors to human mortality, closely associated with inflammation. With the changing living conditions and the extension of human lifespan, greater attention has been directed towards understanding the impact of early, long-term events on the development of cardiovascular events. Lifestyle factors such as stress, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Interestingly, even if the risk factors are addressed later, their influence may persist. Recently, the concept of trained innate immunity (TRIM), defined as sustained alterations in the function of innate immunocyte that promote a more robust response to downstream stimuli, has been proposed to be involved in cardiovascular diseases. It is hypothesized that TRIM may serve as a mediator bridging the impacts of aforementioned risk factors. This review aims to elucidate the role of TRIM in cardiovascular diseases and highlight its significance in uncovering new mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuya Kang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yahan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
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2
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Cao R, Thatavarty A, King KY. Forged in the fire: Lasting impacts of inflammation on hematopoietic progenitors. Exp Hematol 2024; 134:104215. [PMID: 38580008 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Quiescence and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) can be modified by systemic inflammatory cues. Such cues can not only yield short-term changes in HSPCs such as in supporting emergency granulopoiesis but can also promote lasting influences on the HSPC compartment. First, inflammation can be a driver for clonal expansion, promoting clonal hematopoiesis for certain mutant clones, reducing overall clonal diversity, and reshaping the composition of the HSPC pool with significant health consequences. Second, inflammation can generate lasting cell-autonomous changes in HSPCs themselves, leading to changes in the epigenetic state, metabolism, and function of downstream innate immune cells. This concept, termed "trained immunity," suggests that inflammatory stimuli can alter subsequent immune responses leading to improved innate immunity or, conversely, autoimmunity. Both of these concepts have major implications in human health. Here we reviewed current literature about the lasting effects of inflammation on the HSPC compartment and opportunities for future advancement in this fast-developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqiong Cao
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Apoorva Thatavarty
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Katherine Y King
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
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3
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Baydemir I, Dulfer EA, Netea MG, Domínguez-Andrés J. Trained immunity-inducing vaccines: Harnessing innate memory for vaccine design and delivery. Clin Immunol 2024; 261:109930. [PMID: 38342415 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.109930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
While the efficacy of many current vaccines is well-established, various factors can diminish their effectiveness, particularly in vulnerable groups. Amidst emerging pandemic threats, enhancing vaccine responses is critical. Our review synthesizes insights from immunology and epidemiology, focusing on the concept of trained immunity (TRIM) and the non-specific effects (NSEs) of vaccines that confer heterologous protection. We elucidate the mechanisms driving TRIM, emphasizing its regulation through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in innate immune cells. Notably, we explore the extended protective scope of vaccines like BCG and COVID-19 vaccines against unrelated infections, underscoring their role in reducing neonatal mortality and combating diseases like malaria and yellow fever. We also highlight novel strategies to boost vaccine efficacy, incorporating TRIM inducers into vaccine formulations to enhance both specific and non-specific immune responses. This approach promises significant advancements in vaccine development, aiming to improve global public health outcomes, especially for the elderly and immunocompromised populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilayda Baydemir
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth A Dulfer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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4
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van Meijgaarden KE, Li W, Moorlag SJCFM, Koeken VACM, Koenen HJPM, Joosten LAB, Vyakarnam A, Ahmed A, Rakshit S, Adiga V, Ottenhoff THM, Li Y, Netea MG, Joosten SA. BCG vaccination-induced acquired control of mycobacterial growth differs from growth control preexisting to BCG vaccination. Nat Commun 2024; 15:114. [PMID: 38167829 PMCID: PMC10761850 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin - vaccination induces not only protection in infants and young children against severe forms of tuberculosis, but also against non-tuberculosis related all-cause mortality. To delineate different factors influencing mycobacterial growth control, here we first investigate the effects of BCG-vaccination in healthy Dutch adults. About a quarter of individuals already control BCG-growth prior to vaccination, whereas a quarter of the vaccinees acquires the capacity to control BCG upon vaccination. This leaves half of the population incapable to control BCG-growth. Single cell RNA sequencing identifies multiple processes associated with mycobacterial growth control. These data suggest (i) that already controllers employ different mechanisms to control BCG-growth than acquired controllers, and (ii) that half of the individuals fail to develop measurable growth control irrespective of BCG-vaccination. These results shed important new light on the variable immune responses to mycobacteria in humans and may impact on improved vaccination against tuberculosis and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenchao Li
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans J P M Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Annapurna Vyakarnam
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Laboratory of Human Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - Asma Ahmed
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Laboratory of Human Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Srabanti Rakshit
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Laboratory of Human Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Vasista Adiga
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Laboratory of Human Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Simone A Joosten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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5
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Riksen NP, Bekkering S, Mulder WJM, Netea MG. Trained immunity in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:799-811. [PMID: 37322182 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Trained immunity, also known as innate immune memory, is a persistent hyper-responsive functional state of innate immune cells. Accumulating evidence implicates trained immunity as an underlying mechanism of chronic inflammation in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this context, trained immunity is induced by endogenous atherosclerosis-promoting factors, such as modified lipoproteins or hyperglycaemia, causing broad metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of the myeloid cell compartment. In addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle factors, including unhealthy diets, sedentary lifestyle, sleep deprivation and psychosocial stress, as well as inflammatory comorbidities, have been shown to activate trained immunity-like mechanisms in bone marrow haematopoietic stem cells. In this Review, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms of trained immunity, its systemic regulation through haematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow, and the activation of these mechanisms by cardiovascular disease risk factors. We also highlight other trained immunity features that are relevant for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, including the diverse cell types that show memory characteristics and transgenerational inheritance of trained immunity traits. Finally, we propose potential strategies for the therapeutic modulation of trained immunity to manage atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Siroon Bekkering
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department for Genomics and Immunoregulation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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6
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Robinson KA, Akbar N, Baidžajevas K, Choudhury RP. Trained immunity in diabetes and hyperlipidemia: Emerging opportunities to target cardiovascular complications and design new therapies. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23231. [PMID: 37779347 PMCID: PMC10947360 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301078r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Some metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, are associated with a state of inflammation, which adversely affects cardiovascular health. Emerging evidence suggests that long-term hyperactivation of innate immune cells and their bone marrow progenitors, termed trained immunity, functions to accelerate atherosclerosis and its complications in cardiometabolic diseases. This review will focus on how trained immunity is established, particularly through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, to cause persistent and deleterious changes in immune cell function, even after the original stimulus has been corrected or removed. Understanding the mechanisms driving maladaptive trained immunity and its fundamental contribution to cardiovascular disease might enable the development of novel disease-modifying therapeutics for the reduction in cardiovascular risk in diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and related cardiometabolic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Robinson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Naveed Akbar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Kajus Baidžajevas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Robin P. Choudhury
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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7
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Jeljeli MM, Adamopoulos IE. Innate immune memory in inflammatory arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:627-639. [PMID: 37674048 PMCID: PMC10721491 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept of immunological memory was demonstrated in antiquity when protection against re-exposure to pathogens was observed during the plague of Athens. Immunological memory has been linked with the adaptive features of T and B cells; however, in the past decade, evidence has demonstrated that innate immune cells can exhibit memory, a phenomenon called 'innate immune memory' or 'trained immunity'. Innate immune memory is currently being defined and is transforming our understanding of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. In this Review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the memory-like features of innate immune cells in inflammatory arthritis and the crosstalk between chronic inflammatory milieu and cell reprogramming. Aberrant pro-inflammatory signalling, including cytokines, regulates the metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of haematopoietic progenitors, leading to exacerbated inflammatory responses and osteoclast differentiation, in turn leading to bone destruction. Moreover, imprinted memory on mature cells including terminally differentiated osteoclasts alters responsiveness to therapies and modifies disease outcomes, commonly manifested by persistent inflammatory flares and relapse following medication withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime M Jeljeli
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iannis E Adamopoulos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Laub V, Devraj K, Elias L, Schulte D. Bioinformatics for wet-lab scientists: practical application in sequencing analysis. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:382. [PMID: 37420172 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomics data is available to the scientific community after publication of research projects and can be investigated for a multitude of research questions. However, in many cases deposited data is only assessed and used for the initial publication, resulting in valuable resources not being exploited to their full depth. MAIN: A likely reason for this is that many wetlab-based researchers are not formally trained to apply bioinformatic tools and may therefore assume that they lack the necessary experience to do so themselves. In this article, we present a series of freely available, predominantly web-based platforms and bioinformatic tools that can be combined in analysis pipelines to interrogate different types of next-generation sequencing data. Additionally to the presented exemplary route, we also list a number of alternative tools that can be combined in a mix-and-match fashion. We place special emphasis on tools that can be followed and used correctly without extensive prior knowledge in programming. Such analysis pipelines can be applied to existing data downloaded from the public domain or be compared to the results of own experiments. CONCLUSION Integrating transcription factor binding to chromatin (ChIP-seq) with transcriptional output (RNA-seq) and chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) can not only assist to form a deeper understanding of the molecular interactions underlying transcriptional regulation but will also help establishing new hypotheses and pre-testing them in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Laub
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Kavi Devraj
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lena Elias
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dorothea Schulte
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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9
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Hieber C, Grabbe S, Bros M. Counteracting Immunosenescence-Which Therapeutic Strategies Are Promising? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1085. [PMID: 37509121 PMCID: PMC10377144 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging attenuates the overall responsiveness of the immune system to eradicate pathogens. The increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by innate immune cells under basal conditions, termed inflammaging, contributes to impaired innate immune responsiveness towards pathogen-mediated stimulation and limits antigen-presenting activity. Adaptive immune responses are attenuated as well due to lowered numbers of naïve lymphocytes and their impaired responsiveness towards antigen-specific stimulation. Additionally, the numbers of immunoregulatory cell types, comprising regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, that inhibit the activity of innate and adaptive immune cells are elevated. This review aims to summarize our knowledge on the cellular and molecular causes of immunosenescence while also taking into account senescence effects that constitute immune evasion mechanisms in the case of chronic viral infections and cancer. For tumor therapy numerous nanoformulated drugs have been developed to overcome poor solubility of compounds and to enable cell-directed delivery in order to restore immune functions, e.g., by addressing dysregulated signaling pathways. Further, nanovaccines which efficiently address antigen-presenting cells to mount sustained anti-tumor immune responses have been clinically evaluated. Further, senolytics that selectively deplete senescent cells are being tested in a number of clinical trials. Here we discuss the potential use of such drugs to improve anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hieber
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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10
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Ferreira AV, Kostidis S, Groh LA, Koeken VACM, Bruno M, Baydemir I, Kilic G, Bulut Ö, Andriopoulou T, Spanou V, Synodinou KD, Gkavogianni T, Moorlag SJCFM, Charlotte de Bree L, Mourits VP, Matzaraki V, Koopman WJH, van de Veerdonk FL, Renieris G, Giera M, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Novakovic B, Domínguez-Andrés J. Dimethyl itaconate induces long-term innate immune responses and confers protection against infection. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112658. [PMID: 37330914 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Itaconate is an immunomodulatory metabolite produced by immune cells under microbial stimulation and certain pro-inflammatory conditions and triggers antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. We show that dimethyl itaconate, a derivative of itaconate previously linked to suppression of inflammation and widely employed as an alternative to the endogenous metabolite, can induce long-term transcriptional, epigenomic, and metabolic changes, characteristic of trained immunity. Dimethyl itaconate alters glycolytic and mitochondrial energetic metabolism, ultimately leading to increased responsiveness to microbial ligand stimulation. Subsequently, mice treated with dimethyl itaconate present increased survival to infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, itaconate levels in human plasma correlate with enhanced ex vivo pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that dimethyl itaconate displays short-term anti-inflammatory characteristics and the capacity to induce long-term trained immunity. This pro-and anti-inflammatory dichotomy of dimethyl itaconate is likely to induce complex immune responses and should be contemplated when considering itaconate derivatives in a therapeutic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaísa V Ferreira
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sarantos Kostidis
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laszlo A Groh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; TWINCORE, a Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany; Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, a Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mariolina Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilayda Baydemir
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gizem Kilic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Özlem Bulut
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Theano Andriopoulou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Victoria Spanou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi D Synodinou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Theologia Gkavogianni
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - L Charlotte de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Matzaraki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank L van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Georgios Renieris
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Boris Novakovic
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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11
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Petrof BJ, Podolsky T, Bhattarai S, Tan J, Ding J. Trained immunity as a potential target for therapeutic immunomodulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183066. [PMID: 37398642 PMCID: PMC10309206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated inflammation involving innate immune cells, particularly of the monocyte/macrophage lineage, is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Trained immunity is an evolutionarily ancient protective mechanism against infection, in which epigenetic and metabolic alterations confer non-specific hyperresponsiveness of innate immune cells to various stimuli. Recent work in an animal model of DMD (mdx mice) has shown that macrophages exhibit cardinal features of trained immunity, including the presence of innate immune system "memory". The latter is reflected by epigenetic changes and durable transmissibility of the trained phenotype to healthy non-dystrophic mice by bone marrow transplantation. Mechanistically, it is suggested that a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-regulated, memory-like capacity of innate immunity is induced at the level of the bone marrow by factors released from the damaged muscles, leading to exaggerated upregulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes. Here we propose a conceptual framework for the involvement of trained immunity in DMD pathogenesis and its potential to serve as a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil J. Petrof
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tom Podolsky
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Salyan Bhattarai
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiahui Tan
- Department of Biostatistics and Systems Biology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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12
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van Puffelen JH, Novakovic B, van Emst L, Kooper D, Zuiverloon TCM, Oldenhof UTH, Witjes JA, Galesloot TE, Vrieling A, Aben KKH, Kiemeney LALM, Oosterwijk E, Netea MG, Boormans JL, van der Heijden AG, Joosten LAB, Vermeulen SH. Intravesical BCG in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer induces trained immunity and decreases respiratory infections. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005518. [PMID: 36693678 PMCID: PMC9884868 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BCG is recommended as intravesical immunotherapy to reduce the risk of tumor recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Currently, it is unknown whether intravesical BCG application induces trained immunity. METHODS The aim of this research was to determine whether BCG immunotherapy induces trained immunity in NMIBC patients. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study in 17 NMIBC patients scheduled for BCG therapy and measured trained immunity parameters at 9 time points before and during a 1-year BCG maintenance regimen. Ex vivo cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, epigenetic modifications, and changes in the monocyte transcriptome were measured. The frequency of respiratory infections was investigated in two larger cohorts of BCG-treated and non-BCG treated NMIBC patients as a surrogate measurement of trained immunity. Gene-based association analysis of genetic variants in candidate trained immunity genes and their association with recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival after BCG therapy was performed to investigate the hypothesized link between trained immunity and clinical response. RESULTS We found that intravesical BCG does induce trained immunity based on an increased production of TNF and IL-1β after heterologous ex vivo stimulation of circulating monocytes 6-12 weeks after intravesical BCG treatment; and a 37% decreased risk (OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.01)) for respiratory infections in BCG-treated versus non-BCG-treated NMIBC patients. An epigenomics approach combining chromatin immuno precipitation-sequencing and RNA-sequencing with in vitro trained immunity experiments identified enhanced inflammasome activity in BCG-treated individuals. Finally, germline variation in genes that affect trained immunity was associated with recurrence and progression after BCG therapy in NMIBC. CONCLUSION We conclude that BCG immunotherapy induces trained immunity in NMIBC patients and this may account for the protective effects against respiratory infections. The data of our gene-based association analysis suggest that a link between trained immunity and oncological outcome may exist. Future studies should further investigate how trained immunity affects the antitumor immune responses in BCG-treated NMIBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelmer H van Puffelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liesbeth van Emst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Kooper
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - J Alfred Witjes
- Department of Urology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alina Vrieling
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja K H Aben
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,IKNL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Immunology and Metabolism, University of Bonn, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joost L Boormans
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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13
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Correia-Neves M, Nigou J, Mousavian Z, Sundling C, Källenius G. Immunological hyporesponsiveness in tuberculosis: The role of mycobacterial glycolipids. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1035122. [PMID: 36544778 PMCID: PMC9761185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids constitute a major part of the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). They are potent immunomodulatory molecules recognized by several immune receptors like pattern recognition receptors such as TLR2, DC-SIGN and Dectin-2 on antigen-presenting cells and by T cell receptors on T lymphocytes. The Mtb glycolipids lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and its biosynthetic relatives, phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs) and lipomannan (LM), as well as other Mtb glycolipids, such as phenolic glycolipids and sulfoglycolipids have the ability to modulate the immune response, stimulating or inhibiting a pro-inflammatory response. We explore here the downmodulating effect of Mtb glycolipids. A great proportion of the studies used in vitro approaches although in vivo infection with Mtb might also lead to a dampening of myeloid cell and T cell responses to Mtb glycolipids. This dampened response has been explored ex vivo with immune cells from peripheral blood from Mtb-infected individuals and in mouse models of infection. In addition to the dampening of the immune response caused by Mtb glycolipids, we discuss the hyporesponse to Mtb glycolipids caused by prolonged Mtb infection and/or exposure to Mtb antigens. Hyporesponse to LAM has been observed in myeloid cells from individuals with active and latent tuberculosis (TB). For some myeloid subsets, this effect is stronger in latent versus active TB. Since the immune response in individuals with latent TB represents a more protective profile compared to the one in patients with active TB, this suggests that downmodulation of myeloid cell functions by Mtb glycolipids may be beneficial for the host and protect against active TB disease. The mechanisms of this downmodulation, including tolerance through epigenetic modifications, are only partly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics Research Group (ICVS/3B's), Portuguese (PT) Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Zaynab Mousavian
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sundling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Källenius
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,*Correspondence: Gunilla Källenius,
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14
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Nica V, Popp RA, Crișan TO, Joosten LAB. The future clinical implications of trained immunity. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:1125-1134. [PMID: 36062825 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2120470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trained Immunity (TI) refers to the long-term modulation of the innate immune response, based on previous interactions with microbes, microbial ligands or endogenous substances. Through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils develop an enhanced capacity to mount innate immune responses to subsequent stimuli and this is persistent due to alterations at the myeloid progenitor compartment. AREAS COVERED The purpose of this article is to review the current understanding of the TI process and discuss about its potential clinical implications in the near future. We address the evidence of TI involvement in various diseases, the currently developed new therapy, and discuss how TI may lead to new clinical tools to improve existing standards of care. EXPERT OPINION The state of art in this domain has made considerable progress, linking TI-related mechanisms in multiple immune-mediated pathologies, starting with infections to autoimmune disorders and cancers. As a relatively new area of immunology, it has seen fast progress with many of its applications ready to be investigated in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Nica
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu A Popp
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tania O Crișan
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Pasteur nr. 6, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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15
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Kerstholt M, van de Schoor FR, Oosting M, Moorlag SJCFM, Li Y, Jaeger M, van der Heijden WA, Tunjungputri RN, dos Santos JC, Kischkel B, Vrijmoeth HD, Baarsma ME, Kullberg BJ, Lupse M, Hovius JW, van den Wijngaard CC, Netea MG, de Mast Q, Joosten LAB. Identifying platelet-derived factors as amplifiers of B. burgdorferi-induced cytokine production. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:53-67. [PMID: 36001729 PMCID: PMC9585555 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that monocytes can be 'trained' or tolerized by certain stimuli to respond stronger or weaker to a secondary stimulation. Rewiring of glucose metabolism was found to be important in inducing this phenotype. As we previously found that Borrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi), the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis (LB), alters glucose metabolism in monocytes, we hypothesized that this may also induce long-term changes in innate immune responses. We found that exposure to B. burgdorferi decreased cytokine production in response to the TLR4-ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, B. burgdorferi exposure decreased baseline levels of glycolysis, as assessed by lactate production. Using GWAS analysis, we identified a gene, microfibril-associated protein 3-like (MFAP3L) as a factor influencing lactate production after B. burgdorferi exposure. Validation experiments proved that MFAP3L affects lactate- and cytokine production following B. burgdorferi stimulation. This is mediated by functions of MFAP3L, which includes activating ERK2 and through activation of platelet degranulation. Moreover, we showed that platelets and platelet-derived factors play important roles in B. burgdorferi-induced cytokine production. Certain platelet-derived factors, such chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 7 (CXCL7) and (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), were elevated in the circulation of LB patients in comparison to healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marije Oosting
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) and TWINCORE, Joint Ventures Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Jaeger
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter A van der Heijden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rahajeng N Tunjungputri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases (CENTRID), Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Jéssica C dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda Kischkel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hedwig D Vrijmoeth
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M E Baarsma
- Amsterdam Institute of Infection and Immunology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart-Jan Kullberg
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihaela Lupse
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Joppe W Hovius
- Amsterdam Institute of Infection and Immunology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cees C van den Wijngaard
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center of Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Quirijn de Mast
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Correspondence: Leo A.B. Joosten, Lab Experimentele geneeskunde, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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16
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Teufel LU, de Graaf DM, Netea MG, Dinarello CA, Joosten LAB, Arts RJW. Circulating interleukin-38 concentrations in healthy adults. Front Immunol 2022; 13:964365. [PMID: 36016926 PMCID: PMC9396651 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.964365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-38 is the latest discovered member of the interleukin-1 family, which has anti-inflammatory properties similar to IL-36Ra. Several studies compared circulating IL-38 concentrations in healthy and diseased populations to characterize its role in both auto-immune and inflammatory pathologies, with both higher and lower concentrations being associated with certain diseases. However, in order to use IL-38 as a biomarker, a reference range in healthy adults is needed. To establish a reference IL-38 circulating concentration, accessible data from 25 eligible studies with IL-38 concentrations in healthy adults was collected. To validate the values found in literature, we measured IL-38 concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in several cohorts from our own institute. Additionally, the effect of blood collection techniques, freeze thawing cycles, and hemolysis on IL-38 measurements was assessed. To evaluate the importance of the genetic background of individuals as confounding factor of IL-38 synthesis, we used publicly available eQTL databases with matched data on allele frequencies in individuals of different ethnicities. Mean IL-38 concentrations in the various studies were weighted by their corresponding sample size, resulting in a weighted mean, and weighted upper and lower limits were calculated by mean ± 2 SD. Differences of over 10.000-fold were found in the weighted means between studies, which could not be attributed to the blood collection method or assessment of IL-38 in plasma or serum. Although IL-38 concentrations were markedly higher in Chinese then in European population studies, we could not show an association with the genetic background. From our analysis, a reference range for circulating IL-38 in healthy adults could thus not yet be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa U. Teufel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dennis M. de Graaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Charles A. Dinarello
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Leo A. B. Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rob J. W. Arts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Rob J. W. Arts,
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17
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Bannister S, Kim B, Domínguez-Andrés J, Kilic G, Ansell BRE, Neeland MR, Moorlag SJCFM, Matzaraki V, Vlahos A, Shepherd R, Germano S, Bahlo M, Messina NL, Saffery R, Netea MG, Curtis N, Novakovic B. Neonatal BCG vaccination is associated with a long-term DNA methylation signature in circulating monocytes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn4002. [PMID: 35930640 PMCID: PMC9355358 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Trained immunity describes the capacity of innate immune cells to develop heterologous memory in response to certain exogenous exposures. This phenomenon mediates, at least in part, the beneficial off-target effects of the BCG vaccine. Using an in vitro model of trained immunity, we show that BCG exposure induces a persistent change in active histone modifications, DNA methylation, transcription, and adenosine-to-inosine RNA modification in human monocytes. By profiling DNA methylation of circulating monocytes from infants in the MIS BAIR clinical trial, we identify a BCG-associated DNA methylation signature that persisted more than 12 months after neonatal BCG vaccination. Genes associated with this epigenetic signature are involved in viral response pathways, consistent with the reported off-target protection against viral infections in neonates, adults, and the elderly. Our findings indicate that the off-target effects of BCG in infants are accompanied by epigenetic remodeling of circulating monocytes that lasts more than 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Bannister
- Infectious Diseases, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Bowon Kim
- Molecular Immunity, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Gizem Kilic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Brendan R. E. Ansell
- Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie R. Neeland
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Immunity, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simone J. C. F. M. Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Matzaraki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Amanda Vlahos
- Molecular Immunity, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Shepherd
- Molecular Immunity, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Susie Germano
- Infectious Diseases, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole L. Messina
- Infectious Diseases, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Immunity, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Science Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nigel Curtis
- Infectious Diseases, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Corresponding author. (B.N.); (N.C.)
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Immunity, Infection and Immunity Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Corresponding author. (B.N.); (N.C.)
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18
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Taks EJM, Moorlag SJCFM, Netea MG, van der Meer JWM. Shifting the Immune Memory Paradigm: Trained Immunity in Viral Infections. Annu Rev Virol 2022; 9:469-489. [PMID: 35676081 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-091919-072546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Trained immunity is defined as the de facto memory characteristics induced in innate immune cells after exposure to microbial stimuli after infections or certain types of vaccines. Through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells after exposure to these stimuli, trained immunity induces an enhanced nonspecific protection by improving the inflammatory response upon restimulation with the same or different pathogens. Recent studies have increasingly shown that trained immunity can, on the one hand, be induced by exposure to viruses; on the other hand, when induced, it can also provide protection against heterologous viral infections. In this review we explore current knowledge on trained immunity and its relevance for viral infections, as well as its possible future uses. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Virology, Volume 9 is September 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther J M Taks
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands;
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands;
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands; .,Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jos W M van der Meer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands;
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Trained immunity-related vaccines: innate immune memory and heterologous protection against infections. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:497-512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hu Z, Lu S, Lowrie DB, Fan X. Trained immunity: A Yin-Yang balance. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e121. [PMID: 35281787 PMCID: PMC8906449 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, immune memory is regarded as an exclusive hallmark of adaptive immunity. However, a growing body of evidence suggesting that innate immune cells show adaptive characteristics has challenged this dogma. In the past decade, trained immunity, a de facto innate immune memory, has been defined as a long-term functional reprogramming of cells of the innate immune system: the reprogramming is evoked by endogenous or exogenous insults, the cells return to a nonactivated state and subsequently show altered inflammatory responses against a second challenge. Trained immunity became regarded as a mechanism selected in evolution to protect against infection; however, a maladaptive effect might result in hyperinflammation. This dual effect is consistent with the Yin-Yang theory in traditional Chinese philosophy, in which Yang represents active, positive, and aggressive factors, whereas Yin represents passive, negative, and inhibitory factors. In this review, we give a brief overview of history and latest progress about trained immunity, including experimental models, inductors, molecular mechanisms, clinical application and so on. Moreover, this is the first time to put forward the theory of Yin-Yang balance to understand trained immunity. We envision that more efforts will be focused on developing novel immunotherapies targeting trained immunity in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Hu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterKey Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOHFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shui‐Hua Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterKey Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOHFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases of ChinaShenzhen Third People Hospital, South Science & Technology UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Douglas B. Lowrie
- National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases of ChinaShenzhen Third People Hospital, South Science & Technology UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Xiao‐Yong Fan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterKey Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOHFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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