1
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Mann A, Hannigan MD, Dumlao BL, Hu CT, Weck M. Bent and Twisted: Synthesis of an Alkoxy-Substituted (1,5)Naphthalene-paracyclophanediene. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12971-12977. [PMID: 37647456 PMCID: PMC10507662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
This contribution describes the synthesis of [2.2](1,5)naphthalenoparacyclophane-1,13-diene in four steps from 1,5-bis(bromomethyl)naphthalene and 1,4-benzenedimethanethiol. Consisting of 2,6-dioctyloxynaphthalene and benzene moieties, the effects of differing arene size on the structure, strain energy, and chemical reactivity of the cyclophanediene are examined. Despite a strain energy of 24.3 kcal/mol, the naphthalenoparacyclophanediene was unreactive toward a library of olefin metathesis catalysts. This diminished reactivity can be explained by the steric hindrance of the twisted olefin. Incorporation of an electron donor (naphthalene) into the rigid paracyclophanediene structure can allow for applications in optoelectronics, chiral ligands, and planar chiral materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Mann
- Department of Chemistry and
Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Matthew D. Hannigan
- Department of Chemistry and
Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Bianca L. Dumlao
- Department of Chemistry and
Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Chunhua T. Hu
- Department of Chemistry and
Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry and
Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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2
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Kumar SV, Guiry PJ. Zinc‐Catalyzed Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides Using Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Imidazoline N,O‐ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205516. [PMID: 35603757 PMCID: PMC9543521 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravel Vivek Kumar
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
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3
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Watanabe M, Ono Y, Ishihara T, Chang YJ, Shibahara M. [2.2]‐ and [3.3]Paracyclophane as Bridging Units in Organic Dyads for Visible‐Light‐Driven Dye‐Sensitized Hydrogen Production. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200790. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Motonori Watanabe
- Advanced Energy Conversion Systems Thrust International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Automotive Science Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Sciences Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yuka Ono
- Department of Automotive Science Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Sciences Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Tatsumi Ishihara
- Advanced Energy Conversion Systems Thrust International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Automotive Science Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Sciences Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yuan Jay Chang
- Department of Chemistry Tunghai University No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District Taichung City 407224 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Masahiko Shibahara
- Division of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Oita University 700 Dannoharu Oita 870-1192 Japan
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4
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Kumar SV, Guiry PJ. Zinc‐Catalyzed Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides Using Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Imidazoline N,O‐ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravel Vivek Kumar
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
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5
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López R, Palomo C. Planar Chirality: A Mine for Catalysis and Structure Discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa López
- Department of Organic Chemistry I Faculty of Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Manuel de Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Department of Organic Chemistry I Faculty of Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Manuel de Lardizabal 3 20018 San Sebastián Spain
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6
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He J, Yu M, Pang M, Fan Y, Lian Z, Wang Y, Wang W, Liu Y, Jiang H. Nanosized Carbon Macrocycles Based on a Planar Chiral Pseudo Meta- [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103832. [PMID: 34962000 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Structural designs combining cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) backbone with planar chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane ([2.2]PCP) lead to optical-active chiral macrocycles with intriguing properties. X-ray crystal analysis revealed aesthetic necklace-shaped structures and size-dependent packages with long-range channels. The macrocycles exhibit unique photophysical properties with high fluorescence quantum yield of up to 82%, and the fluorescent color varies with ring size. In addition, size-dependent chiroptical properties with moderately large CPL dissymmetry factor of 10 -3 and CPL brightness in the range of 30 - 40 M -1 cm -1 were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Mohan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, P. R. China
| | - Maofu Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 252100, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Fan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Lian
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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7
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Lopez R, Palomo C. Planar Chirality: A mine for catalysis and structure discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113504. [PMID: 34717037 PMCID: PMC9304569 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Planar chirality is one of the most fascinating expressions of chirality, exploited by Nature to lock three-dimensional chiral conformations and, more recently, by chemists to create new chiral reagents, catalysts and functional organic materials. Nevertheless, the shortage of protocols able to induce and secure asymmetry during the generation of these unique chiral entities has dissuaded chemists to exploit their structural properties. This Minireview intends to illustrate the limited but remarkable catalytic methodologies reported for the production of planar chirality in strained molecules and serve as source of inspiration for the development of new unconventional protocols that are expected to come in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Lopez
- University of the Basque Country, Dept. of Organic Chemistry I, Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20009, San Sebastán, SPAIN
| | - Claudio Palomo
- University of the Basque Country: Universidad del Pais Vasco, Department of Organic Chemistry I, SPAIN
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8
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Mackenzie CFR, Delforce L, Rota Martir D, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Zysman-Colman E. A Luminescent 1D Silver Polymer Containing [2.2]Paracyclophane Ligands. Front Chem 2021; 9:728845. [PMID: 34422772 PMCID: PMC8371969 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.728845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
[2.2]Paracyclophane scaffolds have seen limited use as building blocks in supramolecular chemistry. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a 1D coordination polymer consisting of silver(I) ions bound to a [2.2]paracyclophane scaffold functionalized with two 4-pyridyl units. The structure of the polymer has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and reveals two different silver coordination motifs that alternate along the 1D coordination polymer. The coordination polymer exhibits strong blue and sky-blue fluorescence in solution and in the crystalline solid state, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Campbell F R Mackenzie
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Lucie Delforce
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - D Rota Martir
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - David B Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
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9
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Weinzierl D, Waser M. Synthesis of [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Based Glycidic Amides Using Chiral Ammonium Ylides. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Weinzierl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 AT-4040 Linz Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 AT-4040 Linz Austria
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10
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Wang CS, Wei YC, Pan ML, Wu CH, Chou PT, Wu YT. New [2,2]Fluorenophanes Give Insights into Asymmetric Charge Transfer-Mediated Exciton Delocalization along the π-π Packing Direction. Chemistry 2021; 27:8678-8683. [PMID: 33860557 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of new [2,2]fluorenophanes has been synthesized and characterized; among them, molecules of crystallographically asymmetric anti-[2.2](1,4)(4,1)fluorenophane (K2C-2) aggregate to form one-dimensional supramolecular chain structures through effective intermolecular π-π overlapping. This, in combination with the synergistic intramolecular π-π interaction, leads to prominent dual emission mediated by charge transfer (CT) exciton delocalization. Support of this new insight is given by mapping the transition density along the π-π packing direction where the intramolecular excitation and intermolecular CT coexist in K2C-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Shin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ham Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
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11
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Weinzierl D, Waser M. Chiral isothiourea-catalyzed kinetic resolution of 4-hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophane. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:800-804. [PMID: 33889220 PMCID: PMC8042488 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a method for the kinetic resolution of racemic 4-hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophane by means of a chiral isothiourea-catalyzed acylation with isobutyric anhydride. This protocol allows for a reasonable synthetically useful s-factor of 20 and provides a novel entry to obtain this interesting planar chiral motive in an enantioenriched manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weinzierl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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12
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Deschamps D, Lohier JF, Richards CJ, Gaumont AC, Perrio S. Functionalization of [2.2]Paracyclophanes via a Reductive Sulfanylation Reaction. J Org Chem 2020; 86:507-514. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Deschamps
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, LCMT, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - Christopher J. Richards
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stéphane Perrio
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, LCMT, 14000 Caen, France
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13
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Aida Y, Nogami J, Sugiyama H, Uekusa H, Tanaka K. Enantioselective Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Based Planar Chiral Bent Cyclophanes by Rhodium-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition. Chemistry 2020; 26:12579-12588. [PMID: 32350943 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-based planar chiral cyclophanes was achieved for the first time by the rhodium-catalyzed intramolecular regio- and enantioselective [2+2+2] cycloaddition of tethered diyne-benzofulvenes followed by stepwise oxidative transformations. The thus synthesized planar chiral bent cyclophanes, that possess bent p-terphenyl- and 9-fluorenone-cores, were converted to 9-fluorenol-based ones with excellent ee values of >99 % by diastereoselective 1,2-reduction. These 9-fluorenol-based cyclophanes exhibited high fluorescence quantum yields, which were significantly higher than that of an acyclic reference molecule (78-82 % vs. 48 %). The bending effect on the chiroptical property was also examined, which revealed that the anisotropy factors (gabs values) for electronic circular dichroism (ECD) of these 9-fluorenol-based planar chiral bent cyclophanes increase as the tether length becomes shorter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimasa Aida
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Juntaro Nogami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Haruki Sugiyama
- Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Hiyoshi 4-1-1, Kohoku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Uekusa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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14
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Rota Martir D, Delforce L, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Warriner SL, Jacquemin D, Zysman-Colman E. A Pd3L6 supramolecular cage incorporating photoactive [2.2]paracyclophane units. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01147a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report two photoactive [2.2]paracyclophane (pCp) ligands and a luminescent Pd3L6 cage incorporating these ligands, which exhibits blue emission both in solution and in the powder state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Rota Martir
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- Fife
- UK
| | - Lucie Delforce
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- Fife
- UK
| | - David B. Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- Fife
- UK
| | | | | | - Denis Jacquemin
- CESIAM Laboratory
- UMR CNRS 6230
- University of Nantes
- Cedex 3
- France
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- Fife
- UK
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15
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Wu Y, Zhuang G, Cui S, Zhou Y, Wang J, Huang Q, Du P. Through-space π-delocalization in a conjugated macrocycle consisting of [2.2]paracyclophane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14617-14620. [PMID: 31746848 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06492c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a [2.2]paracyclophane-containing macrocycle (PCMC) as a new through-space conjugated macrocycle using only benzene groups as the skeleton. For comparison, a diphenylmethane-containing nanohoop macrocycle (DCMC) with a non-conjugated linker was also synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by NMR and HR-MS, and their photophysical properties were studied by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies combined with theoretical calculations. The strain energy of PCMC was estimated to be as high as 72.58 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayu Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, China.
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16
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Kuz’mina LG, Vedernikov AI, Gromov SP, Alfimov MV. Crystallographic Approach to the [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Topochemical Reactions of Unsaturated Compounds with Single Crystal Retention. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774519050122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Wang CS, Wei YC, Chang KH, Chou PT, Wu YT. Indeno[1,2-b]fluorene-Based [2,2]Cyclophanes with 4n/4n and 4n/[4n+2] π Electrons: Syntheses, Structural Analyses, and Excitonic Coupling Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10158-10162. [PMID: 31081278 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Indeno[1,2-b]fluorene-based [2,2]cyclophanes with 4n/4n and 4n/[4n+2] π-electron systems were prepared, and their structures were identified by X-ray crystallography. With short π-π distances around 3.0 Å, [2.2](5,11)indeno[1,2-b]fluorenophane and its precursor [2.2](5,11)indeno[1,2-b]fluorene-6,12-dionophane exhibit remarkable transannular interactions, leading to their unusual electrochemical and photophysical properties. With the aid of femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, the transition from the monomeric excited state to the redshifted H-type dimeric state was first observed, correlating to the calculated excitonic energy splitting and the steady-state absorption spectra induced by charge-transfer-mediated superexchange interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Shin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National (Taiwan) University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National (Taiwan) University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National (Taiwan) University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
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18
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Wang C, Wei Y, Chang K, Chou P, Wu Y. Indeno[1,2‐
b
]fluorene‐Based [2,2]Cyclophanes with 4
n
/4
n
and 4
n
/[4
n
+2] π Electrons: Syntheses, Structural Analyses, and Excitonic Coupling Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi‐Shin Wang
- Department of ChemistryNational Cheng Kung University 70101 Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Chen Wei
- Department of ChemistryNational (Taiwan) University 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Kai‐Hsin Chang
- Department of ChemistryNational (Taiwan) University 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Pi‐Tai Chou
- Department of ChemistryNational (Taiwan) University 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yao‐Ting Wu
- Department of ChemistryNational Cheng Kung University 70101 Tainan Taiwan
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19
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Yu CY, Lai YC. Synthesis, aggregation induced emission and through space conjugation of triphenylvinylphenyl substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene. RSC Adv 2018; 8:19341-19347. [PMID: 35540994 PMCID: PMC9080709 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03025a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
4-Bromo substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene was synthesized from the corresponding dithia[3.3]paracyclophane in three steps through benzyne Steven rearrangement, oxidation, and a thermal elimination reaction. 4-Triphenylvinylphenyl substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene was successfully prepared by the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of 4-bromo substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene and 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane using Pd(OAc)2 as a catalyst, S-Phos as a ligand and K3PO4 as a base. The structures of bromo substituted [2.2] paracyclophane-1,9-diene and triphenylvinylphenyl substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene were fully characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. 4-Triphenylvinylphenyl substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene exhibited aggregation-induced emission characteristics when the water fraction was higher than 80% in the THF/water mixtures. 4-Triphenylvinylphenyl substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene displays much higher fluorescence when the water fraction is 90% compared to that of model compounds due to both through bond and through space conjugation. To the best for our knowledge, we are the first to synthesize triphenylvinylphenyl substituted [2.2]paracyclophane-1,9-diene with aggregation-induced emission characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 43, Section 4, Keelung Road Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 43, Section 4, Keelung Road Taipei 10607 Taiwan
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Tanaka K. Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Planar Chiral Cyclophanes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550
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21
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Yu CY, Hsu CC. Synthesis, characterization and aggregation-induced emission of alternating copolymers containing cyclophanes and tetraphenylethenes. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Mukhopadhyay A, Maka VK, Moorthy JN. Remarkable influence of 'phane effect' on the excited-state properties of cofacially oriented coumarins. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:4758-4767. [PMID: 28133669 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07720j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of the photophysics of a cofacially oriented bis-coumarin based on naphthalene, i.e., Cou-Nap, designed and synthesized to examine the influence of π-electronic communication between the two fluorophores, reveals exceptional excited-state properties. While the anticipated [2 + 2] photocycloaddition is not observed despite the fact that the two reactive coumarin units are at a distance of 3.8 Å, the fluorescence quantum yields and singlet lifetimes in different solvents are found to be remarkably higher when compared to those of the parent coumarin and a mono-coumarin model system, i.e., Cou-Dur. In addition to large solvent-induced Stokes shifts, Cou-Nap displays intriguing temperature-dependent emission in a nonpolar solvent such as cyclohexane. The observed photophysical properties are reconciled based on the so-called 'phane effect' that is operative in cyclophanes. In the latter, an effective π-π interaction between the aromatic rings modifies the attributes of the chromophore in such a manner that the observed properties cannot be associated with the individual aromatic rings. The temperature-dependent emission is proposed to arise as a consequence of thermally activated ISC from the singlet-excited state to one of the higher energy triplet states. The results constitute, for the first time, the demonstration of modification of the excited-state properties of a fluorophore in a non-cyclophane system by 'phane effect'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay Kumar Maka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur-208016, India.
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23
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Li NY, Liu D, Ren ZG, Lollar C, Lang JP, Zhou HC. Controllable Fluorescence Switching of a Coordination Chain Based on the Photoinduced Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Reversible Transformation of a syn-[2.2]Metacyclophane. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:849-856. [PMID: 29292993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The observation of a reversible chemical transformation corresponding to an external stimulus in the solid state is intriguing in the exploration of smart materials, which can potentially be applied in molecular machines, molecular switches, sensors, and data storage devices. The solid-state photodimerization reaction of 1,3-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]benzene (1,3-bpeb) in a one-dimensional coordination polymer {[Cd2(1,3-bpeb)2(4-FBA)4]·H2O}n (4-FBA = 4-fluorobenzoate) with 365 nm UV light afforded syn-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)-1,2,9,10-diethano[2.2]metacyclophane (syn-tpmcp) in quantitative yield via a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformation. Upon irradiation with 254 nm UV light, an SCSC conversion from syn-tpmcp to 1,3-bpeb was also achieved in quantitative yield within the syn-tpmcp-supported coordination polymer {[Cd2(syn-tpmcp)(4-FBA)4]·H2O}n. In particular, accompanied by the reversible transformation between 1,3-bpeb and syn-tpmcp, the coordination chain exhibits photocontrollable fluorescence-switching behavior, which makes this intelligent material an appealing candidate for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Ya Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University , Huaibei 235000, P. R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University , Huaibei 235000, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Christina Lollar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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24
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Spuling E, Sharma N, Samuel IDW, Zysman-Colman E, Bräse S. (Deep) blue through-space conjugated TADF emitters based on [2.2]paracyclophanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9278-9281. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04594a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of through-space conjugated thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters based on a [2.2]paracyclophane (PCP) skeleton with stacked (coplanar) donor–acceptor groups have been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Spuling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Fritz-Haber-Weg 6
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews
- UK
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of St Andrews
| | - Ifor D. W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of St Andrews
- North Haugh, St Andrews
- UK
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews
- UK
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Fritz-Haber-Weg 6
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics
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25
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Stahlhofen JM, Schollmeyer D, Waldvogel SR. One-Pot Synthesis to Quinone-Based Diaza[3.3]cyclophanes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Marie Stahlhofen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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26
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27
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Braun C, Nieger M, Thiel WR, Bräse S. [2.2]Paracyclophanes with N-Heterocycles as Ligands for Mono- and Dinuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:15474-15483. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Braun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Werner R. Thiel
- Fachbereich Chemie; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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28
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Zauer EA. Cyclophanes: Simulation of the formation enthalpy by quantum-chemical methods. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363217050048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Tanaka M, Muraoka S, Matsui Y, Ohta E, Sakai A, Ogaki T, Yoshimoto Y, Mizuno K, Ikeda H. Remarkable Solvatofluorochromism of a [2.2]Paracyclophane-Containing Organoboron Complex: A Large Stokes Shift Promoted by Excited State Intramolecular Charge Transfer. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201600028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirai Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Muraoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Yasunori Matsui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED); Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Eisuke Ohta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED); Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED); Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Yuichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mizuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED); Osaka Prefecture University; 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 Japan
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30
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Elacqua E, Sinnwell MA, Loren BP, Jurgens PT, Groeneman RH, Reinheimer EW, MacGillivray LR. Metal-Organic Coordination versus Hydrogen Bonding: Highly Efficient Templated Photocycloadditions of Trisubstituted Isomeric Olefins in the Solid State. Chempluschem 2016; 81:893-898. [PMID: 31968836 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trisubstituted olefins are reactants in template-directed, solid-state [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions. Whereas hydrogen-bond-based templates afford crystalline assemblies with olefins that are photostable, AgI coordination results in carbon-carbon double bonds that react stereoselectively and result in quantitative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Elacqua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, E555 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Michael A Sinnwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, E555 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Bradley P Loren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, E555 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Paul T Jurgens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, E555 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Ryan H Groeneman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, E555 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Eric W Reinheimer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, W. M. Keck Foundation Center for Molecular Structure, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, 92096, USA
| | - Leonard R MacGillivray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, E555 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
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31
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Benyettou F, Zheng X, Elacqua E, Wang Y, Dalvand P, Asfari Z, Olsen JC, Han DS, Saleh N, Elhabiri M, Weck M, Trabolsi A. Redox-Responsive Viologen-Mediated Self-Assembly of CB[7]-Modified Patchy Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:7144-7150. [PMID: 27323835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonated surface patches of poly(styrene)-based colloidal particles (CPs) were functionalized with cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]). The macrocycles served as recognition units for diphenyl viologen (DPV(2+)), a rigid bridging ligand. The addition of DPV(2+) to aqueous suspensions of the particles triggered the self-assembly of short linear and branched chainlike structures. The self-assembly mechanism is based on hydrophobic/ion-charge interactions that are established between DPV(2+) and surface-adsorbed CB[7]. DPV(2+) guides the self-assembly of the CPs by forming a ternary DPV(2+)⊂(CB[7])2 complex in which the two CB[7] macrocycles are attached to two different particles. Viologen-driven particle assembly was found to be both directional and reversible. Whereas sodium chloride triggers irreversible particle disassembly, the one-electron reduction of DPV(2+) with sodium dithionite causes disassembly that can be reversed via air oxidation. Thus, this bottom-up synthetic supramolecular approach allowed for the reversible formation and directional alignment of a 2D colloidal material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Benyettou
- New York University Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Xiaolong Zheng
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Elizabeth Elacqua
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Yu Wang
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Parastoo Dalvand
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, UMR 7509 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM , Strasbourg, France
| | - Zouhair Asfari
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Moléculaire Appliquée à l'Analyse, IPHC, UMR 7178 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM , 25 rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - John-Carl Olsen
- School of Sciences, Indiana University Kokomo , Kokomo, Indiana 46904, United States
| | - Dong Suk Han
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City , Doha, Qatar
| | - Na'il Saleh
- College of Science, Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University , Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, UMR 7509 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM , Strasbourg, France
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- New York University Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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32
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Vincent A, Deschamps D, Martzel T, Lohier JF, Richards CJ, Gaumont AC, Perrio S. Enantiomerically Pure [2.2]Paracyclophane-4-thiol: A Planar Chiral Sulfur-Based Building Block Readily Available by Resolution with an Amino Acid Chiral Auxiliary. J Org Chem 2016; 81:3961-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Vincent
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Damien Deschamps
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Martzel
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jean-François Lohier
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Christopher J. Richards
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Annie-Claude Gaumont
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Stéphane Perrio
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
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Zhuravsky RP, Antonov DY, Sergeeva EV, Godovikov IA, Starikova ZA, Vologzhanina AV, Atman NV. Solvent-Dependent Regio- and Stereoselective Oxidation of [2.2]Paracyclophane-Derived Phenols. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Wolf H, Jørgensen MRV, Chen YS, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. Charge density investigations on [2,2]-paracyclophane – in data we trust. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2015; 71:10-19. [PMID: 25643711 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520614026080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Four datasets on [2,2]-paracyclophane were collected in-house and at the Advanced Photon Source at two different temperatures for charge density investigation. Global data quality indicators such as high resolution, high I/σ(I) values, low merging R values and high multiplicity were matched for all four datasets. The structural parameters did not show significant differences, but the synchrotron data depicted deficiencies in the topological analysis. In retrospect these deficiencies could be assigned to the low quality of the innermost data, which could have been identified by e.g. merging R values for only these reflections. In the multipole refinement these deficiencies could be monitored using DRK-plot and residual density analysis. In this particular example the differences in the topological parameters were relatively small but significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Wolf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mads R V Jørgensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, Advanced Photon Source, University of Chicago, 9700 S. Cass. Avenue, Argonne, IL 60539, USA
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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36
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Atman Vorontsova NV, Zhuravsky RP, Antonov DY, Sergeeva EV, Godovikov IA, Starikova ZA, Vologzhanina AV. Synthesis of Bromo-Substituted 4-Hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophanes and [2.2]Paracyclophane-4,7-quinones as Versatile Chiral Building Blocks. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Kotha S, Shirbhate ME. Design of new synthetic strategies to cyclophanes via ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Hirose T, Tsunoi Y, Fujimori Y, Matsuda K. Fluorescence Enhancement of Covalently Linked 1-Cyano-1,2-diphenylethene Chromophores with Naphthalene-1,8-diyl Linker Units: Analysis Based on Kinetic Constants. Chemistry 2014; 21:1637-44. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Meyer-Eppler G, Sure R, Schneider A, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Lützen A. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Dissymmetric 4,15-Difunctionalized [2.2]Paracyclophanes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6679-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501212t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Meyer-Eppler
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rebecca Sure
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.
1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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40
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Diversity-oriented approach to cyclophanes via Claisen rearrangement and ring-closing metathesis as key steps. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Broggi A, Tomasi I, Bianchi L, Marrocchi A, Vaccaro L. Small Molecular Aryl Acetylenes: Chemically Tailoring High-Efficiency Organic Semiconductors for Solar Cells and Field-Effect Transistors. Chempluschem 2014; 79:486-507. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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42
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Otte DL, Borchmann DE, Lin C, Weck M, Woerpel KA. 13C NMR spectroscopy for the quantitative determination of compound ratios and polymer end groups. Org Lett 2014; 16:1566-9. [PMID: 24601654 PMCID: PMC3993867 DOI: 10.1021/ol403776k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
(13)C NMR spectroscopic integration employing short relaxation delays was evaluated as a quantitative tool to obtain ratios of diastereomers, regioisomers, constitutional isomers, mixtures of unrelated compounds, peptoids, and sugars. The results were compared to established quantitative methods such as (1)H NMR spectroscopic integration, gas chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography and were found to be within <3.4% of (1)H NMR spectroscopic values (most examples give results within <2%). Acquisition of the spectra took 2-30 min on as little as 10 mg of sample, proving the general utility of the technique. The simple protocol was extended to include end group analysis of low molecular weight polymers, which afforded results in accordance with (1)H NMR spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas
A. L. Otte
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Dorothee E. Borchmann
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Chin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - K. A. Woerpel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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Kuz'mina LG, Vedernikov AI, Churakov AV, Lermontova EK, Howard JAK, Alfimov MV, Gromov SP. Influence of the anion nature on styryl dye crystal packing and feasibility of the direct and back [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions without single crystal degradation. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By X-ray diffractometry, [2 + 2]-photocycloaddition reaction and its back reaction were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila G. Kuz'mina
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Artem I. Vedernikov
- Photochemistry Centre
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elmira Kh. Lermontova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Judith A. K. Howard
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Durham
- Science Laboratories
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Michael V. Alfimov
- Photochemistry Centre
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey P. Gromov
- Photochemistry Centre
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
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44
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Lu Y, Bolokowicz AJ, Reeb SA, Wiseman JD, Wheeler KA. Chiral transmission to crystal photodimerizations of leucine–methionine quasiracemic assemblies. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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45
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Meyer-Eppler G, Vogelsang E, Benkhäuser C, Schneider A, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Dissymmetric 4,12-Difunctionalized [2.2]Paracyclophanes. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Nandajan PC, Neelakandan PP, Ramaiah D. Interplay of monomer, intra- and intermolecular excimer fluorescence in cyclophanes and selective recognition of methanol vapours. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra21678k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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47
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Moorthy JN, Mandal S, Kumar A. Photochromism of novel chromenes constrained to be part of [2.2]paracyclophane: remarkable ‘phane’ effects on the colored o-quinonoid intermediates. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nj40575j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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48
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Cakici M, Bräse S. Modular Synthesis of Planar-Chiralpara-Substituted Paracyclophanes by Double Suzuki Coupling. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Clément S, Guyard L, Khatyr A, Knorr M, Rousselin Y, Kubicki MM, Mugnier Y, Richeter S, Gerbier P, Strohmann C. Synthesis, crystallographic and electrochemical study of ethynyl[2.2]paracyclophane-derived cobalt metallatetrahedranes. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Elacqua E, Friščić T, MacGillivray LR. [2.2]Paracyclophane as a Target of the Organic Solid State: Emergent Properties via Supramolecular Construction. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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