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Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating form of pain arising from injury or disease of the nervous system that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain are still not fully understood. Dendritic spines are small protrusions on the surface of neurons that play an important role in synaptic transmission. Recent studies have shown that dendritic spines reorganize in the superficial and deeper laminae of the spinal cord dorsal horn with the development of neuropathic pain in multiple models of disease or injury. Given the importance of dendritic spines in synaptic transmission, it is possible that studying dendritic spines could lead to new therapeutic approaches for managing intractable pain. In this review article, we highlight the emergent role of dendritic spines in neuropathic pain, as well as discuss the potential for studying dendritic spines for the development of new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis A Benson
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jared F King
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marike L Reimer
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sierra D Kauer
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew M Tan
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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2
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Antoniazzi CTDD, Ruviaro NA, Peres DS, Rodrigues P, Viero FT, Trevisan G. Targeting TRPV4 Channels for Cancer Pain Relief. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1703. [PMID: 38730655 PMCID: PMC11083562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the unique and complex nature of cancer pain, the activation of different ion channels can be related to the initiation and maintenance of pain. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a cation channel broadly expressed in sensory afferent neurons. This channel is activated by multiple stimuli to mediate pain perception associated with inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Here, we focused on summarizing the role of TRPV4 in cancer etiology and cancer-induced pain mechanisms. Many studies revealed that the administration of a TRPV4 antagonist and TRPV4 knockdown diminishes nociception in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Although the evidence on TRPV4 channels' involvement in cancer pain is scarce, the expression of these receptors was reportedly enhanced in cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP), perineural, and orofacial cancer models following the inoculation of tumor cells to the bone marrow cavity, sciatic nerve, and tongue, respectively. Effective pain management is a continuous problem for patients diagnosed with cancer, and current guidelines fail to address a mechanism-based treatment. Therefore, examining new molecules with potential antinociceptive properties targeting TRPV4 modulation would be interesting. Identifying such agents could lead to the development of treatment strategies with improved pain-relieving effects and fewer adverse effects than the currently available analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren Tatiane de David Antoniazzi
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Náthaly Andrighetto Ruviaro
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Diulle Spat Peres
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Fernanda Tibolla Viero
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil;
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3
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Li H, Ward SJ. Paclitaxel-Associated Mechanical Sensitivity and Neuroinflammation Are Sex-, Time-, and Site-Specific and Prevented through Cannabigerol Administration in C57Bl/6 Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4277. [PMID: 38673862 PMCID: PMC11050247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most prevalent and dose-limiting complications in chemotherapy patients. One identified mechanism underlying CIPN is neuroinflammation. Most of this research has been conducted in only male or female rodent models, making direct comparisons regarding the role of sex differences in the neuroimmune underpinnings of CIPN limited. Moreover, most measurements have focused on the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and/or spinal cord, while relatively few studies have been aimed at characterizing neuroinflammation in the brain, for example the periaqueductal grey (PAG). The overall goals of the present study were to determine (1) paclitaxel-associated changes in markers of inflammation in the PAG and DRG in male and female C57Bl6 mice and (2) determine the effect of prophylactic administration of an anti-inflammatory cannabinoid, cannabigerol (CBG). In Experiment 1, male and female mice were treated with paclitaxel (8-32 mg/kg/injection, Days 1, 3, 5, and 7) and mechanical sensitivity was measured using Von Frey filaments on Day 7 (Cohort 1) and Day 14 (Cohort 2). Cohorts were euthanized on Day 8 or 15, respectively, and DRG and PAG were harvested for qPCR analysis of the gene expression of markers of pain and inflammation Aig1, Gfap, Ccl2, Cxcl9, Tlr4, Il6, and Calca. In Experiment 2, male and female mice were treated with vehicle or 10 mg/kg CBG i.p. 30 min prior to each paclitaxel injection. Mechanical sensitivity was measured on Day 14. Mice were euthanized on Day 15, and PAG were harvested for qPCR analysis of the gene expression of Aig1, Gfap, Ccl2, Cxcl9, Tlr4, Il6, and Calca. Paclitaxel produced a transient increase in potency to produce mechanical sensitivity in male versus female mice. Regarding neuroinflammation, more gene expression changes were apparent earlier in the DRG and at a later time point in the PAG. Also, more changes were observed in females in the PAG than males. Overall, sex differences were observed for most markers at both time points and regions. Importantly, in both the DRG and PAG, most increases in markers of neuroinflammation and pain occurred at paclitaxel doses higher than those associated with significant changes in the mechanical threshold. Two analytes that demonstrated the most compelling sexual dimorphism and that changed more in males were Cxcl9 and Ccl2, and Tlr4 in females. Lastly, prophylactic administration of CBG protected the male and female mice from increased mechanical sensitivity and female mice from neuroinflammation in the PAG. Future studies are warranted to explore how these sex differences may shed light on the mechanisms of CIPN and how non-psychoactive cannabinoids such as CBG may engage these targets to prevent or attenuate the effects of paclitaxel and other chemotherapeutic agents on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Jane Ward
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
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Ma Q, Wu J, Li H, Ma X, Yin R, Bai L, Tang H, Liu N. The role of TRPV4 in programmed cell deaths. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:248. [PMID: 38300413 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09199-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death is a major life activity of both normal development and disease. Necroptosis is early recognized as a caspase-independent form of programmed cell death followed obviously inflammation. Apoptosis is a gradually recognized mode of cell death that is characterized by a special morphological changes and unique caspase-dependent biological process. Ferroptosis, pyroptosis and autophagy are recently identified non-apoptotic regulated cell death that each has its own characteristics. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a kind of nonselective calcium-permeable cation channel, which is received more and more attention in biology studies. It is widely expressed in human tissues and mainly located on the membrane of cells. Several researchers have identified that the influx Ca2+ from TRPV4 acts as a key role in the loss of cells by apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and autophagy via mediating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress and inflammation. This effect is bad for the normal function of organs on the one hand, on the other hand, it is benefit for anticancer activities. In this review, we will summarize the current discovery on the role and impact of TRPV4 in these programmed cell death pathological mechanisms to provide a new prospect of gene therapeutic target of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jilin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, 650034, China
| | - Huixian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Minority Autonomous Prefecture, Wenshan, 663099, China
| | - Xiaoshu Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 256699, China
| | - Renwan Yin
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Liping Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Heng Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China.
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Cristiano C, Giorgio C, Cocchiaro P, Boccella S, Cesta MC, Castelli V, Liguori FM, Cuozzo MR, Brandolini L, Russo R, Allegretti M. Inhibition of C5aR1 as a promising approach to treat taxane-induced neuropathy. Cytokine 2023; 171:156370. [PMID: 37722320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of several antitumor agents resulting in progressive and often irreversible damage of peripheral nerves. In addition to their known anticancer effects, taxanes, including paclitaxel, can also induce peripheral neuropathy by activating microglia and astrocytes, which release pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL-2). All these events contribute to the maintenance of neuropathic or inflammatory response. Complement component 5a (C5a)/C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) signaling was very recently shown to play a crucial role in paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Our recent findings highlighted that taxanes have the previously unreported property of binding and activating C5aR1, and that C5aR1 inhibition by DF3966A is effective in preventing paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) in animal models. Here, we investigated if C5aR1 inhibition maintains efficacy in reducing PIPN in a therapeutic setting. Furthermore, we characterized the role of C5aR1 activation by paclitaxel and the CIPN-associated activation of nod-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Our results clearly show that administration of the C5aR1 inhibitor strongly reduced cold and mechanical allodynia in mice when given both during the onset of PIPN and when neuropathy is well established. C5aR1 activation by paclitaxel was found to be a key event in the induction of inflammatory factors in spinal cord, such as TNF-α, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In addition, C5aR1 inhibition significantly mitigated paclitaxel-induced inflammation and inflammasome activation by reducing IL-1β and NLRP3 expression at both sciatic and dorsal root ganglia level, confirming the involvement of inflammasome in PIPN. Moreover, paclitaxel-induced upregulation of C5aR1 was significantly reduced by DF3966A treatment in central nervous system. Lastly, the antinociceptive effect of C5aR1 inhibition was confirmed in an in vitro model of sensory neurons in which we focused on receptor channels usually activated upon neuropathy. In conclusion, C5aR1 inhibition is proposed as a therapeutic option with the potential to exert long-term protective effect on PIPN-associated neuropathic pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - C Giorgio
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - P Cocchiaro
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - S Boccella
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M C Cesta
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - V Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F M Liguori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M R Cuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - L Brandolini
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - R Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M Allegretti
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
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Tonello R, Silveira Prudente A, Hoon Lee S, Faith Cohen C, Xie W, Paranjpe A, Roh J, Park CK, Chung G, Strong JA, Zhang JM, Berta T. Single-cell analysis of dorsal root ganglia reveals metalloproteinase signaling in satellite glial cells and pain. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:401-414. [PMID: 37557960 PMCID: PMC10530626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Satellite glial cells (SGCs) are among the most abundant non-neuronal cells in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and closely envelop sensory neurons that detect painful stimuli. However, little is still known about their homeostatic activities and their contribution to pain. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we were able to obtain a unique transcriptional profile for SGCs. We found enriched expression of the tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) and other metalloproteinases in SGCs. Small interfering RNA and neutralizing antibody experiments revealed that TIMP3 modulates somatosensory stimuli. TIMP3 expression decreased after paclitaxel treatment, and its rescue by delivery of a recombinant TIMP3 protein reversed and prevented paclitaxel-induced pain. We also established that paclitaxel directly impacts metalloproteinase signaling in cultured SGCs, which may be used to identify potential new treatments for pain. Therefore, our results reveal a metalloproteinase signaling pathway in SGCs for proper processing of somatosensory stimuli and potential discovery of novel pain treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Tonello
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Arthur Silveira Prudente
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cinder Faith Cohen
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wenrui Xie
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Aditi Paranjpe
- Bioinformatics Collaborative Services, Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jueun Roh
- Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Kyu Park
- Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Gehoon Chung
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Judith A Strong
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jun-Ming Zhang
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Temugin Berta
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Liu X, Tang SJ. Pathogenic mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated pain. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3613-3624. [PMID: 37857809 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02294-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a prevalent neurological complication among individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) in the post-combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era. These individuals experience malfunction in various cellular and molecular pathways involved in pain transmission and modulation, including the neuropathology of the peripheral sensory neurons and neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in the spinal dorsal horn. However, the underlying etiologies and mechanisms leading to pain pathogenesis are complex and not fully understood. In this review, we aim to summarize recent progress in this field. Specifically, we will begin by examining neuropathology in the pain pathways identified in PLHIV and discussing potential causes, including those directly related to HIV-1 infection and comorbidities, such as antiretroviral drug use. We will also explore findings from animal models that may provide insights into the molecular and cellular processes contributing to neuropathology and chronic pain associated with HIV infection. Emerging evidence suggests that viral proteins and/or antiretroviral drugs trigger a complex pathological cascade involving neurons, glia, and potentially non-neural cells, and that interactions between these cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Stony Brook University Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794, NY, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794, NY, USA
| | - Shao-Jun Tang
- Stony Brook University Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794, NY, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794, NY, USA.
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Liu X, Gong R, Peng L, Zhao J. Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway in sensory neurons mediates remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia via transient receptor potential ankyrin 1. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231158290. [PMID: 36733260 PMCID: PMC9926008 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231158290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia (RIH) refers to a state of hyperalgesia or aggravated pre-existing pain after remifentanil exposure. There has been considerable interest in understanding and preventing RIH. However, the mechanisms responsible for RIH are still not completely understood. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a classic innate immune receptor, has been detected in sensory neurons and participates in various nociceptive conditions, whereas its role in RIH remains unclear. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) always serves as a nociceptive channel, whereas its role in RIH has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to determine whether the TLR4 signaling pathway in sensory neurons engaged in the development of RIH and the possible involvement of TRPA1 during this process. Methods: A rat model of remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia (RIH) was established, which presented decreased paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL). The mRNA and protein expression levels of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB, and TRPA1 in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) from RIH model were analyzed by real-time PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. The TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 and the TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 were applied to determine the role of sensory neuron TLR4 signaling and TRPA1 in RIH. Results: Compared with control, PWMT and PWTL were significantly decreased in RIH model. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 and TRPA1 in DRG were upregulated after remifentanil exposure together with increased NF-κB phosphorylation. TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 mitigated mechanical pain in RIH together with downregulated expression of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB, and TRPA1 in DRG neurons. In addition, TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 also alleviated mechanical pain and decreased TRPA1 expression in RIH without affecting TLR4 signaling in DRG. Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggested that activation of TLR4 signaling pathway engaged in the development of RIH by regulating TRPA1 in DRG neurons. Blocking TLR4 and TRPA1 might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for RIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology,
China-Japan Friendship Hospital,
Beijing, China
| | - Ruisong Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology,
Peking
Union Medical College Hospital,
Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for
Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science,
China-Japan Friendship Hospital,
Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology,
China-Japan Friendship Hospital,
Beijing, China,Jing Zhao, Department of Anesthesiology,
China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Hepingli, Beijing 100029,
China.
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9
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Sánchez JC, Muñoz LV, Galindo-Márquez ML, Valencia-Vásquez A, García AM. Paclitaxel Regulates TRPA1 Function and Expression Through PKA and PKC. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:295-304. [PMID: 36098890 PMCID: PMC9823074 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a frequently used anticancer drug that causes peripheral neuropathy. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a plasma membrane calcium channel, has been associated with PTX toxicity and with other chemotherapy agents such as oxaliplatin and vincristine. However, the effect of PTX on the functional expression and calcium currents of TRPA1 has not been determined. The present study shows the effect of PTX on TRPA1 activity in a neuronal cell line (SH-SY5Y). The effect of PTX on the expression of TRPA1 was assessed through quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses to determine the relative mRNA and protein expression levels. To assess the effect on calcium flux and currents, cells were exposed to PTX; simultaneously, a specific agonist and antagonist of TRPA1 were added to evaluate the differential response in exposed versus control cells. To assess the effect of PKA, PKC and PI3K on PTX-induced TRPA1 increased activity, selective inhibitors were added to these previous experiments. PTX increased the mRNA and protein expression of TRPA1 as well as the TRPA1-mediated Ca2+ currents and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. This effect was dependent on AITC (a selective specific agonist) and was abolished with HC-030031 (a selective specific antagonist). The inhibition of PKA and PKC reduced the effect of PTX on the functional expression of TRPA1, whereas the inhibition of PI3K had no effects. PTX-induced neuropathy involves TRPA1 activity through an increase in functional expression and is regulated by PKA and PKC signaling. These findings support the role of the TRPA1 channel in the mechanisms altered by PTX, which can be involved in the process that lead to chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Sánchez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Colombia.
| | - Laura V Muñoz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Colombia
| | | | - Aníbal Valencia-Vásquez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Andrés M García
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Colombia
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10
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Li Z, Gan Y, Kang T, Zhao Y, Huang T, Chen Y, Liu J, Ke B. Camphor Attenuates Hyperalgesia in Neuropathic Pain Models in Mice. J Pain Res 2023; 16:785-795. [PMID: 36925623 PMCID: PMC10013580 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s398607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of neuropathic pain is still a major troublesome clinical problem. The existing therapeutic drugs have limited analgesic effect and obvious adverse reactions, which presents opportunities and challenges for the development of new analgesic drugs. Camphor, a kind of monoterpene, has been shown anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in traditional Chinese medicine. But we know little about its effect in neuropathic pain. In this article, We have verified the reliable analgesic effect of camphor in the neuropathic pain model caused by different predispositions. Methods The nociceptive response of mice was induced by transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) agonist to verify the effect of camphor on the nociceptive response. Multiple paclitaxel (PTX) injection models, Single oxaliplatin (OXA) injection models, Chronic constriction injury (CCI) models and Streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic neuropathic pain models were used in this study. We verified the analgesic effect of camphor in mice by acetone test and conditioned place aversion test. At the same time, comparing the adverse reaction of nervous system between camphor and pregabalin at equivalent dose in locomotor activity test and rotarod test. Using patch clamp to verify the effect of camphor on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) excitability. Results In behavioral test, compared with vehicle group, camphor significantly reduced the spontaneous nociception caused by TRPA1 agonist-formalina and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). Compared with vehicle group, camphor significantly reduced the flinching and licking time in neuropathic pain model mice, including PTX, OXA, STZ and CCI induced peripheral neuralgia models. Compared with vehicle group, pregabalin significantly increased the resting time and reduced the average speed without resting and distance in locomotor activity test, reduced the time stayed on rotarod in rotarod test. In patch clamp test, compared with vehicle group, camphor significantly reduced the action potential (AP) firing frequency of DRG. Conclusion Camphor can alleviate the symptoms of hyperalgesia in various neuropathic pain models, and has no obvious adverse reactions compared with pregabalin. This effect is related to the down-regulation of DRG neuron excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianguang Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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11
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TRPV4 Role in Neuropathic Pain Mechanisms in Rodents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010024. [PMID: 36670886 PMCID: PMC9855176 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain caused by a disease or damage to the somatosensory nervous system. The knowledge about the complete mechanisms is incomplete, but the role of oxidative compounds has been evaluated. In this context, we highlight the transient potential receptor vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a non-selective cation channel, that can be activated by oxidated compounds. In clinical trials, the TRPV4 antagonist (GSK2798745) has been well-tolerated in healthy volunteers. The TRPV4 activation by oxidative compounds, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO), has been researched in neuropathic pain models. Thus, the modulation of TRPV4 activation by decreasing oxidated compounds could represent a new pharmacological approach for neuropathic pain treatment. Most models evaluated the TRPV4 using knockout mice, antagonist or antisense treatments and detected mechanical allodynia, hyposmotic solution-induced nociception and heat hyperalgesia, but this channel is not involved in cold allodynia. Only H2O2 and NO were evaluated as TRPV4 agonists, so one possible target to reduce neuropathic pain should focus on reducing these compounds. Therefore, this review outlines how the TRPV4 channel represents an innovative target to tackle neuropathic pain signaling in models induced by trauma, surgery, chemotherapy, cancer, diabetes and alcohol intake.
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12
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Yeo M, Zhang Q, Ding L, Shen X, Chen Y, Liedtke W. Spinal cord dorsal horn sensory gate in preclinical models of chemotherapy-induced painful neuropathy and contact dermatitis chronic itch becomes less leaky with Kcc2 gene expression-enhancing treatments. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:911606. [PMID: 36504679 PMCID: PMC9731339 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.911606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low intraneuronal chloride in spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) pain relay neurons is of critical relevance for physiological transmission of primary sensory afferents because low intraneuronal chloride dictates GABA-ergic and glycin-ergic neurotransmission to be inhibitory. If neuronal chloride rises to unphysiological levels, the primary sensory gate in the spinal cord dorsal horn becomes corrupted, with resulting behavioral hallmarks of hypersensitivity and allodynia, for example in pathological pain. Low chloride in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons relies on the robust gene expression of Kcc2 and sustained transporter function of the KCC2 chloride-extruding electroneutral transporter. Based on a recent report where we characterized the GSK3-inhibitory small molecule, kenpaullone, as a Kcc2 gene expression-enhancer that potently repaired diminished Kcc2 expression and KCC2 transporter function in SCDH pain relay neurons, we extend our recent findings by reporting (i) effective pain control in a preclinical model of taxol-induced painful peripheral neuropathy that was accomplished by topical application of a TRPV4/TRPA1 dual-inhibitory compound (compound 16-8), and was associated with the repair of diminished Kcc2 gene expression in the SCDH; and (ii) potent functioning of kenpaullone as an antipruritic in a DNFB contact dermatitis preclinical model. These observations suggest that effective peripheral treatment of chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy impacts the pain-transmitting neural circuit in the SCDH in a beneficial manner by enhancing Kcc2 gene expression, and that chronic pruritus might be relayed in the primary sensory gate of the spinal cord, following similar principles as pathological pain, specifically relating to the critical functioning of Kcc2 gene expression and the KCC2 transporter function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Yeo
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Qiaojuan Zhang
- Departments of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - LeAnne Ding
- Departments of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Xiangjun Shen
- Departments of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yong Chen
- Departments of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Yong Chen
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Departments of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,Wolfgang Liedtke
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13
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Liu XG. Normalization of Neuroinflammation: A New Strategy for Treatment of Persistent Pain and Memory/Emotional Deficits in Chronic Pain. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5201-5233. [PMID: 36110505 PMCID: PMC9469940 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s379093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain, which affects around 1/3 of the world population and is often comorbid with memory deficit and mood depression, is a leading source of suffering and disability. Studies in past decades have shown that hyperexcitability of primary sensory neurons resulting from abnormal expression of ion channels and central sensitization mediated pathological synaptic plasticity, such as long-term potentiation in spinal dorsal horn, underlie the persistent pain. The memory/emotional deficits are associated with impaired synaptic connectivity in hippocampus. Dysregulation of numerous endogenous proteins including receptors and intracellular signaling molecules is involved in the pathological processes. However, increasing knowledge contributes little to clinical treatment. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the neuroinflammation, characterized by overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and glial activation, is reliably detected in humans and animals with chronic pain, and is sufficient to induce persistent pain and memory/emotional deficits. The abnormal expression of ion channels and pathological synaptic plasticity in spinal dorsal horn and in hippocampus are resulting from neuroinflammation. The neuroinflammation is initiated and maintained by the interactions of circulating monocytes, glial cells and neurons. Obviously, unlike infectious diseases and cancer, which are caused by pathogens or malignant cells, chronic pain is resulting from alterations of cells and molecules which have numerous physiological functions. Therefore, normalization (counterbalance) but not simple inhibition of the neuroinflammation is the right strategy for treating neuronal disorders. Currently, no such agent is available in clinic. While experimental studies have demonstrated that intracellular Mg2+ deficiency is a common feature of chronic pain in animal models and supplement Mg2+ are capable of normalizing the neuroinflammation, activation of upregulated proteins that promote recovery, such as translocator protein (18k Da) or liver X receptors, has a similar effect. In this article, relevant experimental and clinical evidence is reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Guo Liu
- Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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14
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Mechanisms underlying paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain: Channels, inflammation and immune regulations. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175288. [PMID: 36122757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used for many types of malignancies. However, when paclitaxel is used to treat tumors, patients commonly experience severe neuropathic pain that is difficult to manage. The mechanism underlying paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain remains unclear. Evidence demonstrates correlations between mechanisms of paclitaxel-mediated pain and associated actions of ion channels, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial damage, and other factors. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain mechanisms and suggestions for effective interventions.
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15
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Illias AM, Yu KJ, Hwang SH, Solis J, Zhang H, Velasquez JF, Cata JP, Dougherty PM. Dorsal root ganglion toll-like receptor 4 signaling contributes to oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Pain 2022; 163:923-935. [PMID: 34490849 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord contributes to the generation of paclitaxel-related chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Generalizability of TLR4 signaling in oxaliplatin-induced CIPN was tested here. Mechanical hypersensitivity developed in male SD rats by day 1 after oxaliplatin treatment, reached maximum intensity by day 14, and persisted through day 35. Western blot revealed an increase in TLR4 expression in the DRG of oxaliplatin at days 1 and 7 after oxaliplatin treatment. Cotreatment of rats with the TLR4 antagonist lipopolysaccharide derived from Rhodobacter sphaeroides ultrapure or with the nonspecific immunosuppressive minocycline with oxaliplatin resulted in significantly attenuated hyperalgesia on day 7 and 14 compared with rats that received oxaliplatin plus saline vehicle. Immunostaining of DRGs revealed an increase in the number of neurons expressing TLR4, its canonical downstream signal molecules myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β, at both day 7 and day 14 after oxaliplatin treatment. These increases were blocked by cotreatment with either lipopolysaccharide derived from Rhodobacter sphaeroides or minocycline. Double staining showed the localization of TLR4, MyD88, and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β in subsets of DRG neurons. Finally, there was no significant difference in oxaliplatin-induced mechanical hypersensitivity between male and female rats when observed for 2 weeks. Furthermore, upregulation of TLR4 was detected in both sexes when tested 14 days after treatment with oxaliplatin. These findings suggest that the activation of TLR4 signaling in DRG neurons is a common mechanism in CIPN induced by multiple cancer chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina M Illias
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jie Yu
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Seon-Hee Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jacob Solis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jose F Velasquez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Juan P Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Patrick M Dougherty
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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16
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Bouchenaki H, Bernard A, Bessaguet F, Frachet S, Richard L, Sturtz F, Magy L, Bourthoumieu S, Demiot C, Danigo A. Neuroprotective Effect of Ramipril Is Mediated by AT2 in a Mouse MODEL of Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040848. [PMID: 35456682 PMCID: PMC9030366 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX)-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) induces numerous symptoms affecting patient quality of life, leading to decreased doses or even to cessation of anticancer therapy. Previous studies have reported that a widely used drug, ramipril, improves neuroprotection in several rodent models of peripheral neuropathy. The protective role of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2) in the central and peripheral nervous systems is well-established. Here, we evaluate the effects of ramipril in the prevention of PIPN and the involvement of AT2 in this effect. Paclitaxel was administered in wild type or AT2-deficient mice on alternate days for 8 days, at a cumulative dose of 8 mg/kg (2 mg/kg per injection). Ramipril, PD123319 (an AT2 antagonist), or a combination of both were administered one day before PTX administration, and daily for the next twenty days. PTX-administered mice developed mechanical allodynia and showed a loss of sensory nerve fibers. Ramipril prevented the functional and morphological alterations in PTX mice. The preventive effect of ramipril against tactile allodynia was completely absent in AT2-deficient mice and was counteracted by PD123319 administration in wild type mice. Our work highlights the potential of ramipril as a novel preventive treatment for PIPN, and points to the involvement of AT2 in the neuroprotective role of ramipril in PIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Bouchenaki
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Amandine Bernard
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Flavien Bessaguet
- INSERM 1083 CNRS UMR 6015 Mitovasc Laboratory, CarMe Team, University of Angers, 49045 Angers, France;
| | - Simon Frachet
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Reference Center for Rare Peripheral Neuropathies, University Hospital of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Laurence Richard
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Reference Center for Rare Peripheral Neuropathies, University Hospital of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Franck Sturtz
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Magy
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Reference Center for Rare Peripheral Neuropathies, University Hospital of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Sylvie Bourthoumieu
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
- Department of Cytogenetic, Medical Genetic and Reproduction Biology, University Hospital of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Claire Demiot
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-5554-35915
| | - Aurore Danigo
- UR 20218-NeurIT, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87025 Limoges, France; (H.B.); (A.B.); (S.F.); (L.R.); (F.S.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
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17
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Kim Y, Jung YH, Park SB, Kim H, Kwon JY, Kim HK, Lee HJ, Jeon S, Kim E. TMI-1, TNF-α-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, Protects Against Paclitaxel-Induced Neurotoxicity in the DRG Neuronal Cells In Vitro. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842779. [PMID: 35250589 PMCID: PMC8889072 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) negatively impacts cancer survivors’ quality of life and is challenging to treat with existing drugs for neuropathic pain. TNF-α is known to potentiate TRPV1 activity, which contributes to CIPN. Here, we assessed the role of TMI-1, a TNF-α-converting enzyme inhibitor, in paclitaxel (PAC)-induced neurotoxicity in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells. Materials and Methods: Immortalized DRG neuronal 50B11 cells were cultured and treated with PAC or PAC with TMI-1 following neuronal differentiation. Cell viability, analysis of neurite growth, immunofluorescence, calcium flow cytometry, western blotting, quantitative RT-PCR, and cytokine quantitation by ELISA were performed to determine the role of TMI-1 in neurotoxicity in neuronal cells. Results: PAC administration decreased the length of neurites and upregulated the expression of TRPV1 in 50B11 cells. TMI-1 administration showed a protective effect by suppressing inflammatory signaling, and secretion of TNF-α. Conclusion: TMI-1 partially protects against paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity by reversing the upregulation of TRPV1 and decreasing levels of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesul Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Jung
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seung-Bin Park
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Heekee Kim
- Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Jae-Young Kwon
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hae-Kyu Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Soeun Jeon
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Eunsoo Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
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18
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Vermeer CJC, Hiensch AE, Cleenewerk L, May AM, Eijkelkamp N. Neuro-immune interactions in paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:1369-1382. [PMID: 34313190 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.1954241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel is a taxane-based chemotherapeutic agent used as a treatment in breast cancer. There is no effective prevention or treatment strategy for the most common side effect of peripheral neuropathy. In this manuscript, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms that contribute to paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) with an emphasis on immune-related processes. METHODS A systematic search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library. The SYRCLE's risk of bias tool was used to assess internal validity. RESULTS 156 studies conducted with rodent models were included. The risk of bias was high due to unclear methodology. Paclitaxel induces changes in myelinated axons, mitochondrial dysfunction, and mechanical hypersensitivity by affecting ion channels expression and function and facilitating spinal transmission. Paclitaxel-induced inflammatory responses are important contributors to PIPN. CONCLUSION Immune-related processes are an important mechanism contributing to PIPN. Studies in humans that validate these mechanistic data are highly needed to facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia J. C. Vermeer
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk E. Hiensch
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurence Cleenewerk
- Center of Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M. May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Eijkelkamp
- Center of Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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19
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Pathomechanisms of Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9100229. [PMID: 34678925 PMCID: PMC8540213 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy, affecting up to 60% of all cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Moreover, paclitaxel induces neuropathy in up to 97% of all gynecological and urological cancer patients. In cancer cells, paclitaxel induces cell death via microtubule stabilization interrupting cell mitosis. However, paclitaxel also affects cells of the central and peripheral nervous system. The main symptoms are pain and numbness in hands and feet due to paclitaxel accumulation in the dorsal root ganglia. This review describes in detail the pathomechanisms of paclitaxel in the peripheral nervous system. Symptoms occur due to a length-dependent axonal sensory neuropathy, where axons are symmetrically damaged and die back. Due to microtubule stabilization, axonal transport is disrupted, leading to ATP undersupply and oxidative stress. Moreover, mitochondria morphology is altered during paclitaxel treatment. A key player in pain sensation and axonal damage is the paclitaxel-induced inflammation in the spinal cord as well as the dorsal root ganglia. An increased expression of chemokines and cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α, but also CXCR4, RAGE, CXCL1, CXCL12, CX3CL1, and C3 promote glial activation and accumulation, and pain sensation. These findings are further elucidated in this review.
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20
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Ma D, Zhao S, Liu X, Li Z, Li H, Liu J, Cao J, Wang X. RIP3/MLKL pathway-regulated necroptosis: A new mechanism of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22834. [PMID: 34056794 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy treatment often leads to neuropathic pain, which is resistant to available analgesic treatments. Death of cells and neuroinflammatory response are associated with PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN). Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrotic cell death that accompanies strong inflammatory response. It is mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), which contribute to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, the role of necroptosis in PIPN remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of necroptosis in PIPN using its antagonists (necrostatin-1 and Nec-1). The quartic PTX administration (accumulated dose: 8 mg/kg, ip) in rats induced robust hyperalgesia and allodynia with significant cell necrosis and an increase in proinflammatory cytokines in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). PTX application also increased RIP3 and MLKL protein levels in DRG, which were primarily in neurons. Moreover, it also promoted satellite glial cells (SGCs) activation, as assayed by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) upregulation. All these PTX-induced changes were prevented by the Nec-1 treatment. When taken together, the present study indicated that RIP3/MLKL pathway-regulated neuronal necroptosis, which promoted an inflammatory cascade reaction in DRG, might be a new mechanism of PIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huizhou Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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21
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YAYLA M, ÜN H, BİNNETOĞLU D. Neuroprotective effects of phloretin and phloridzin on paclitaxel-induced neuronal damage in primary neuron cells. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.871862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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22
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Li X, Ye Z, Guo Q, Wang E, Pan Y. PDTC ameliorates neuropathic pain by inhibiting microglial activation <em>via</em> blockage of the TNFα-CX3CR1 pathway. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65:3184. [PMID: 33728865 PMCID: PMC7970247 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor, play a role in deterring nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain (NP) The activation of NF-κB pathway may contribute to spinal microglial activation, CX3CR1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) up-regulation. The aim of this study was to clarify whether PDTC could inhibit the development of neuropathic pain via decreasing TNF-a-induced CX3CR1 up-regulation. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group and NP group. Rats in each group were treated with intrathecal infusion of PDTC (100 or 1000 pmol/d) or saline. The sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was used to induce NP in rats. Mechanical stimuli and radiant heat were used to evaluate mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Spinal microglial marker OX42 and TNF-a were detected by immunohistochemistry. In vitro BV-2 microglia activation was induced by TNF-a incubation, and the levels of CX3CR1 were assessed by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Pain behavior and immunohistochemistry results showed that intrathecal infusion of PDTC at 100 or 1000 pmol/d prevented the development of mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, spinal microglial activation and TNF-a expression induced by sciatic nerve CCI in rats. In vitro experiment results showed that PDTC inhibited the TNF-a-induced CX3CR1 up-regulation in BV-2 microglial cells. In conclusion, intrathecal infusion of PDTC could attenuate the pain-related behaviors induced by sciatic nerve CCI through suppressing the spinal microglia activation and TNF-a up-regulation in rats. The NF-κB activation might be responsible for TNF-a-induced CX3CR1 up-regulation in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan.
| | - Zhi Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan.
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan.
| | - E Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan.
| | - Yundan Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan.
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Sensory neuron-associated macrophages as novel modulators of neuropathic pain. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e873. [PMID: 33981924 PMCID: PMC8108583 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The peripheral nervous system comprises an infinity of neural networks that act in the communication between the central nervous system and the most diverse tissues of the body. Along with the extension of the primary sensory neurons (axons and cell bodies), a population of resident macrophages has been described. These newly called sensory neuron-associated macrophages (sNAMs) seem to play an essential role in physiological and pathophysiological processes, including infection, autoimmunity, nerve degeneration/regeneration, and chronic neuropathic pain. After different types of peripheral nerve injury, there is an increase in the number and activation of sNAMs in the sciatic nerve and sensory ganglia. The activation of sNAMs and their participation in neuropathic pain development depends on the stimulation of pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors and Nod-like receptors, chemokines/cytokines, and microRNAs. On activation, sNAMs trigger the production of critical inflammatory mediators such as proinflammatory cytokines (eg, TNF and IL-1β) and reactive oxygen species that can act in the amplification of primary sensory neurons sensitization. On the other hand, there is evidence that sNAMs can produce antinociceptive mediators (eg, IL-10) that counteract neuropathic pain development. This review will present the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind the participation of sNAMs in peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain development. Understanding how sNAMs are activated and responding to nerve injury can help set novel targets for the control of neuropathic pain.
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Su W, Cui H, Wu D, Yu J, Ma L, Zhang X, Huang Y, Ma C. Suppression of TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway attenuated chronic mechanical pain in a rat model of endometriosis. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:65. [PMID: 33673857 PMCID: PMC7934423 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a classic innate immunity pathway, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling has been intensively investigated for its function of pathogen recognition. The receptor is located not only on immune cells but also on sensory neurons and spinal glia. Recent studies revealed the involvement of neuronal TLR4 in different types of pain. However, the specific role of TLR4 signaling in the pain symptom of endometriosis (EM) remains obscure. METHODS The rat endometriosis model was established by transplanting uterine horn tissue into gastrocnemius. Western blotting and/or immunofluorescent staining were applied to detect high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor-88 adaptor protein (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa-B-p65 (NF-κB-p65) expression, as well as the activation of astrocyte and microglia. The antagonist of TLR4 (LPS-RS-Ultra, LRU) and MyD88 homodimerization inhibitory peptide (MIP) were intrathecally administrated to assess the behavioral effects of blocking TLR4 signaling on endometriosis-related pain. RESULTS Mechanical hyperalgesia was observed at the graft site, while HMGB1 was upregulated in the implanted uterine tissue, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and spinal dorsal horn (SDH). Compared with sham group, upregulated TLR4, MyD88, and phosphorylated NF-κB-p65 were detected in the DRG and SDH in EM rats. The activation of astrocytes and microglia in the SDH was also confirmed in EM rats. Intrathecal application of LRU and MIP alleviated mechanical pain on the graft site of EM rats, with decreased phosphorylation of NF-κB-p65 in the DRG and reduced activation of glia in the SDH. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1-TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway in the DRG and SDH may involve in endometriosis-related hyperpathia. Blockade of TLR4 and MyD88 might serve as a potential treatment for pain in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Danning Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Huang SL, Chang TC, Chao CCK, Sun NK. TLR4/IL-6/IRF1 signaling regulates androgen receptor expression: A potential therapeutic target to overcome taxol resistance in ovarian cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114456. [PMID: 33556340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is poorly treatable due, at least in part, to induced drug resistance to taxol- and cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Recent studies showed that ectopic overexpression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in ovarian cancer cells leads to upregulation of the androgen receptor (AR) and transactivation of taxol resistance genes, thereby causing chemoresistance. In the present study, we examined the signaling pathways involving TLR4 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) that enhance AR expression. Based on transcriptomic analysis, we show that IL-6 functions as a hub gene among the upregulated genes in taxol-treated TLR4-overexpressing ovarian cancer cells. Both the TLR4 activator taxol and IL-6 can induce AKT phosphorylation, whereas TLR4 knockdown or inhibition of the IL-6 signal transducer GP130 abrogates AKT activation. Furthermore, expression of AR and IL-6 is downregulated in TLR4-knockdown, taxol-resistant cells. In addition, TLR4 knockdown inhibits GP130 and IL-6 receptor alpha (IL6Rα) activities, indicating that TLR4 plays a critical role in IL-6 signaling. On the other hand, nuclear translocation of AR is induced by IL-6 treatment, whereas knockdown of endogenous IL-6 reduces AR and TLR4 expression in taxol-resistant ovarian cancer cells. These results indicate that TLR4 and IL-6 play a crucial role in AR gene regulation and function. We also identify interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) as a downstream target of IL-6 signaling and as a regulator of AR expression. Moreover, analysis of clinical samples indicates that high IL-6 expression correlates with poor progression-free survival in ovarian cancer patients treated with taxol. Overall, our findings indicate that the TLR4/IL-6/IRF1 signaling axis represents a potential therapeutic target to overcome AR-based taxol resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Lang Huang
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ting-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Centre, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chuck C K Chao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Centre, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Nian-Kang Sun
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Centre, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
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26
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Rinne M, Mätlik K, Ahonen T, Vedovi F, Zappia G, Moreira VM, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Leino S, Salminen O, Kalso E, Airavaara M, Xhaard H. Mitoxantrone, pixantrone and mitoxantrone (2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine are toll-like receptor 4 antagonists, inhibit NF-κB activation, and decrease TNF-alpha secretion in primary microglia. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 154:105493. [PMID: 32730846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) recognizes various endogenous and microbial ligands and is an essential part in the innate immune system. TLR4 signaling initiates transcription factor NF-κB and production of proinflammatory cytokines. TLR4 contributes to the development or progression of various diseases including stroke, neuropathic pain, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer, and better therapeutics are currently sought for these conditions. In this study, a library of 140 000 compounds was virtually screened and a resulting hit-list of 1000 compounds was tested using a cellular reporter system. The topoisomerase II inhibitor mitoxantrone and its analogues pixantrone and mitoxantrone (2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine were identified as inhibitors of TLR4 and NF-κB activation. Mitoxantrone was shown to bind directly to the TLR4, and pixantrone and mitoxantrone (2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine were shown to inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in primary microglia. The inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation or on TNFα production was not mediated through cytotoxity at ≤ 1 µM concentration for pixantrone and mitoxantrone (2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine treated cells, as assessed by ATP counts. This study thus identifies a new mechanism of action for mitoxantrone, pixantrone, and mitoxantrone (2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine through the TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiju Rinne
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kert Mätlik
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Ahonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fabio Vedovi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University Urbino Carlo Bo, P.zza Rinascimento, 6 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Giovanni Zappia
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University Urbino Carlo Bo, P.zza Rinascimento, 6 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Vânia M Moreira
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, G4 0RE Glasgow, U.K; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Leino
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Salminen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Kalso
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital. FI-00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henri Xhaard
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Sánchez JC, Muñoz LV, Ehrlich BE. Modulating TRPV4 channels with paclitaxel and lithium. Cell Calcium 2020; 91:102266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Wang TT, Xu XY, Lin W, Hu DD, Shi W, Jia X, Wang H, Song NJ, Zhang YQ, Zhang L. Activation of Different Heterodimers of TLR2 Distinctly Mediates Pain and Itch. Neuroscience 2020; 429:245-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Staff NP, Fehrenbacher JC, Caillaud M, Damaj MI, Segal RA, Rieger S. Pathogenesis of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy: A current review of in vitro and in vivo findings using rodent and human model systems. Exp Neurol 2020; 324:113121. [PMID: 31758983 PMCID: PMC6993945 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Brand name Taxol) is widely used in the treatment of common cancers like breast, ovarian and lung cancer. Although highly effective in blocking tumor progression, paclitaxel also causes peripheral neuropathy as a side effect in 60-70% of chemotherapy patients. Recent efforts by numerous labs have aimed at defining the underlying mechanisms of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN). In vitro models using rodent dorsal root ganglion neurons, human induced pluripotent stem cells, and rodent in vivo models have revealed a number of molecular pathways affected by paclitaxel within axons of sensory neurons and within other cell types, such as the immune system and peripheral glia, as well skin. These studies revealed that paclitaxel induces altered calcium signaling, neuropeptide and growth factor release, mitochondrial damage and reactive oxygen species formation, and can activate ion channels that mediate responses to extracellular cues. Recent studies also suggest a role for the matrix-metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) in mediating neuropathy. These diverse changes may be secondary to paclitaxel-induced microtubule transport impairment. Human genetic studies, although still limited, also highlight the involvement of cytoskeletal changes in PIPN. Newly identified molecular targets resulting from these studies could provide the basis for the development of therapies with which to either prevent or reverse paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in chemotherapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Staff
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Martial Caillaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - Rosalind A Segal
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sandra Rieger
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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30
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Zhao YX, Yao MJ, Liu Q, Xin JJ, Gao JH, Yu XC. Electroacupuncture Treatment Attenuates Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats via Inhibiting Spinal Glia and the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. J Pain Res 2020; 13:239-250. [PMID: 32099448 PMCID: PMC7005725 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s241101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Neuropathic pain is a major side-effect of paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy. Although the precise mechanisms responsible for this pain are unclear, the activation of neuroglia and upregulation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway are known to be involved. In this study, we determined whether electroacupuncture (EA) could limit mechanical hypersensitivity resulting from the chemotherapeutic drug PTX in rats, and investigated the potential mechanisms involved. Methods Rats intraperitoneally received a cumulative dose of 8 mg/kg PTX (2 mg/kg per day) or vehicle control on alternate days (day 0, 2, 4 and 6). EA treatment (10 Hz, 1 mA) was applied at bilateral ST36 acupoints in rats once every other day on days 0–14. For sham EA, needles were inserted at ST36 acupoints without electrical stimulation. Mechanical allodynia was measured by mechanical withdrawal latency (MWL) of paws to a mechanical stimulus every 2 days. Protein expression of TLR4 and NF-κB p65, as well as TMEM119 and GFAP (indicators of microglia and astrocytes, respectively) in spinal cord was quantified by Western blot analysis. Levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in spinal cord and serum were detected by ELISA. Results Mechanical allodynia induced by PTX in both paws (right and left) of rats was significantly attenuated by EA but not sham EA treatment. In addition, EA, but not sham EA, inhibited the activation of both microglia (TMEM119) and astrocytes (GFAP) in lumbar spinal cord. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that protein expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in spinal cord was suppressed by EA but not sham EA treatment. PTX significantly increased inflammatory cytokines in spinal cord and serum, which were ameliorated by EA treatment but not by sham EA. Conclusion These results indicate that EA treatment attenuates PTX-induced mechanical allodynia. The putative mechanism corroborating this finding could be related to the suppression of activated microglia and astrocytes in spinal cord, as well as the inhibition of the activated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway by EA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xue Zhao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jiang Yao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Liu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan-Juan Xin
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hong Gao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chun Yu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Tonello R, Ling Y, Gao YJ, Berta T. Paclitaxel-activated astrocytes produce mechanical allodynia in mice by releasing tumor necrosis factor-α and stromal-derived cell factor 1. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:209. [PMID: 31707979 PMCID: PMC6842526 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1619-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel is a widely used and potent chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer. However, patients receiving paclitaxel often develop an acute pain syndrome for which there are few treatment options. Astrocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of pain in multiple preclinical models, as well as in paclitaxel-treated rodents. However, it is still unclear what the exact contribution of astrocytes may be in paclitaxel-associated acute pain syndrome (P-APS). METHODS P-APS was modeled by a single systemic or intrathecal injection of paclitaxel and astrocyte contribution tested by immunohistochemical, pharmacological, and behavioral approaches. Cell cultures were also prepared to assess whether paclitaxel treatment directly activates astrocytes and whether intrathecal injection of paclitaxel-treated astrocytes produces pain that is reminiscent of P-APS. RESULTS Systemic injection of paclitaxel resulted in increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (a common marker of astrocytic activation), as well as both systemic or intrathecal injection of paclitaxel induced pain hypersensitivity indicated by the development of mechanical allodynia, which was significantly reversed by the astrocytic inhibitor L-α-AA. Cultured astrocytes were activated by paclitaxel with significant increases in protein levels for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and stromal-derived cell factor 1 (SDF-1). Importantly, intrathecal injection of paclitaxel-activated astrocytes produced mechanical allodynia that was reversed by TNF-α and SDF-1 neutralizing antibodies. CONCLUSION Our results suggest for the first time that paclitaxel can directly activate astrocytes, which are sufficient to produce acute pain by releasing TNF-α and SDF-1. Targeting astrocytes and these cytokines may offer new treatments for P-APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China
| | - Raquel Tonello
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Yuejuan Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Institute of Pain Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China
| | - Yong-Jing Gao
- Institute of Pain Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu China
| | - Temugin Berta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
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Giorgi S, Nikolaeva-Koleva M, Alarcón-Alarcón D, Butrón L, González-Rodríguez S. Is TRPA1 Burning Down TRPV1 as Druggable Target for the Treatment of Chronic Pain? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122906. [PMID: 31197115 PMCID: PMC6627658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, a great array of molecular mediators have been identified as potential targets for the treatment of chronic pain. Among these mediators, transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily members have been thoroughly studied. Namely, the nonselective cationic channel, transient receptor potential ankyrin subtype 1 (TRPA1), has been described as a chemical nocisensor involved in noxious cold and mechanical sensation and as rivalling TRPV1, which traditionally has been considered as the most important TRP channel involved in nociceptive transduction. However, few TRPA1-related drugs have succeeded in clinical trials. In the present review, we attempt to discuss the latest data on the topic and future directions for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Giorgi
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Magdalena Nikolaeva-Koleva
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
- AntalGenics, SL. Ed. Quorum III, Parque Científico Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - David Alarcón-Alarcón
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Laura Butrón
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Sara González-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
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Yan X, Li F, Maixner DW, Yadav R, Gao M, Ali MW, Hooks SB, Weng HR. Interleukin-1beta released by microglia initiates the enhanced glutamatergic activity in the spinal dorsal horn during paclitaxel-associated acute pain syndrome. Glia 2019; 67:482-497. [PMID: 30578561 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Patients receiving paclitaxel for cancer treatment often develop an acute pain syndrome (paclitaxel-associated acute pain syndrome, P-APS), which occurs immediately after paclitaxel treatment. Mechanisms underlying P-APS remain largely unknown. We recently reported that rodents receiving paclitaxel develop acute pain and activation of spinal microglial toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) by paclitaxel penetrating into the spinal cord is a critical event in the genesis of P-APS. Our current study dissected cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the P-APS. We demonstrated that bath-perfusion of paclitaxel, at a concentration similar to that found in the cerebral spinal fluid in animals receiving i.v. paclitaxel (2 mg/kg), resulted in increased calcium activity in microglia instantly, and in astrocytes with 6 min delay. TLR4 activation in microglia by paclitaxel caused microglia to rapidly release interleukin-1β (IL-1β) but not tumor necrosis factor α, IL-6, or interferon-γ. IL-1β release from microglia depended on capthepsin B. IL-1β acted on astrocytes, leading to elevated calcium activity and suppressed glutamate uptake. IL-1β also acted on neurons to increase presynaptic glutamate release and postsynaptic AMPA receptor activity in the spinal dorsal horn. Knockout of IL-1 receptors prevented the development of acute pain induced by paclitaxel in mice. Our study indicates that IL-1β is a crucial molecule used by microglia to alter functions in astrocytes and neurons upon activation of TLR4 in the genesis of P-APS, and targeting the signaling pathways regulating the production and function of IL-1β from microglia is a potential avenue for the development of analgesics for the treatment of P-APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xisheng Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Dylan W Maixner
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
| | - Ruchi Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
| | - Mei Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
| | - Mourad Wagdy Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
| | - Shelley B Hooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
| | - Han-Rong Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia
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Binnetoglu D, Hacimuftuoglu A, Aricioglu F. Neuroprotective effects of agmatine in antineoplastic drugs induced neurotoxicity: In vitro study. Life Sci 2019; 221:311-318. [PMID: 30771311 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The effects of agmatine, an endogenous substance known to have a neuroprotective effect against neurotoxicity has been investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS The primary neuron culture obtained from neonatal rats was exposed to toxicity with paclitaxel and cisplatin and the effect of agmatine on both acute (1 h) and chronic (24 h) exposure was demonstrated by biochemical and molecular analyses. It was demonstrated that the effect of agmatine before and after agmatine was induced by neurotoxicity before agmatine and the effect of agmatine on the formed and occuring toxicities. In addition to the results of cell viability assay, total oxidant capacity and total antioxidant capacity, we have found the opportunity to elaborate on our molecular mechanisms by elaborating our findings with apoptotic and inflammation markers such as caspase 3, kaspase 9 and TNF alpha. KEY FINDINGS The results of our study revealed the effect profile of a protective molecule against pathological neural deaths due to neurodegeneration not only in neurotoxicity due to anticancer drugs. SIGNIFICANCE In this context, we tried to reverse neurotoxicity due to anticancer drugs by using agmatine the duration (1 and 24 h) and dosage (10-5 M and 10-6 M) determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Binnetoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Feyza Aricioglu
- Department of Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Marmara University School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tonello R, Lee SH, Berta T. Monoclonal Antibody Targeting the Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Prevents and Reverses Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2018; 20:515-527. [PMID: 30471427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a disabling condition accompanying several cancer drugs, including the front-line chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel. Although CIPN can force dose reduction or even discontinuation of chemotherapy, affecting survival in cancer patients, there is no US Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment for CIPN. CIPN in mice is characterized by neuropathic pain (eg, mechanical allodynia) in association with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), as well as retraction of intraepidermal nerve fibers. Here, we report that paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia is associated with transcriptional increase in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 and decrease in metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), a strong endogenous MMP9 inhibitor. Consistently, MMP9 protein levels are increased in DRG neurons in vivo and in vitro after paclitaxel treatment, and it is demonstrated, for the first time, that intrathecal injections of exogenous TIMP1 or a monoclonal antibody targeting MMP9 (MMP9 mAb) significantly prevented and reversed paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia in male and female mice. Analyses of DRG tissues showed that MMP9 mAb significantly decreased oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory mediators interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α, as well as prevented paclitaxel-induced loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers. These findings suggest that MMP signaling plays a key role in paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy, and MMP9 mAb may offer new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of CIPN. PERSPECTIVE: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) remains ineffectively managed in cancer patients, potentially leading to the discontinuation of an otherwise life-saving treatment. Here, we demonstrate that a monoclonal antibody targeting MMP9 alleviates neuropathic pain and several mechanisms linked to CIPN. This study is particularly relevant, because a humanized MMP9 antibody is already in advanced clinical trials for the treatment of colitis and cancer, and it may be straightforwardly repurposed for the relief of CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Tonello
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Temugin Berta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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Xing F, Zhang W, Wen J, Bai L, Gu H, Li Z, Zhang J, Tao YX, Xu JT. TLR4/NF-κB signaling activation in plantar tissue and dorsal root ganglion involves in the development of postoperative pain. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918807050. [PMID: 30270727 PMCID: PMC6196615 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918807050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe postoperative pain remains a clinical problem that impacts patient’s rehabilitation. The present work aims to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) activation in wounded plantar tissue and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in the genesis of postoperative pain and its underlying mechanisms. Results Postoperative pain was induced by plantar incision in rat hind paw. Plantar incision led to increased expression of TLR4 in ipsilateral lumbar 4–5 (L4/L5) DRGs, which occurred at 2 h and was persistent to the third day after surgery. Similar to the change in TLR4 expression, there was also significant increase in phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (p-p65) in DRGs after surgery. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the increased expressions of TLR4 and p-p65 not only in neuronal cells but also in satellite glial cells in DRG. Furthermore, the enhanced expressions of TLR4 and p-p65 were also detected in plantar tissues around the incision, which was observed starting at 2 h and lasting until the third day after surgery. Prior intrathecal (i.t.) injections of TAK-242 (a TLR4-specific antagonist) or 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-dihydrochloride (PDTC, a nuclear factor-kappa B activation inhibitor) dose dependently alleviated plantar incision-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia and inhibited the increased expressions of p-p65, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1 beta in DRG. Prior subcutaneous (s.c.) plantar injection of TAK-242 or PDTC also ameliorated pain-related hypersensitivity following plantar incision. Moreover, the plantar s.c. injection of TAK-242 or PDTC inhibited the increased expressions of p-p65, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1 beta not only in local wounded plantar tissue but also dramatically in ipsilateral lumbar 4–5 DRGs. Conclusion TLR4/ nuclear factor-kappa B signaling activation in local injured tissue and DRG contribute to the development of postoperative pain via regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines release. Targeting TLR4/ nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in local tissue at early stage of surgery may be an effective strategy for the treatment of postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xing
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,2 Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,3 Neuroscience Research Institute, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Wen
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liying Bai
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hanwen Gu
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,2 Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhisong Li
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,3 Neuroscience Research Institute, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- 2 Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- 3 Neuroscience Research Institute, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ji-Tian Xu
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,2 Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Boehmerle W, Huehnchen P, Lee SLL, Harms C, Endres M. TRPV4 inhibition prevents paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity in preclinical models. Exp Neurol 2018; 306:64-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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38
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Insights into the Contribution of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel 1.7 to Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy. J Neurosci 2018; 38:6025-6027. [PMID: 29973416 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0692-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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39
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Proinflammatory Factors Mediate Paclitaxel-Induced Impairment of Learning and Memory. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:3941840. [PMID: 29681766 PMCID: PMC5842689 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3941840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel is widely used for cancer treatment. Paclitaxel treatment impairs learning and memory function, a side effect that reduces the quality of life of cancer survivors. However, the neural mechanisms underlying paclitaxel-induced impairment of learning and memory remain unclear. Paclitaxel treatment leads to proinflammatory factor release and neuronal apoptosis. Thus, we hypothesized that paclitaxel impairs learning and memory function through proinflammatory factor-induced neuronal apoptosis. Neuronal apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay in the hippocampus. Protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the hippocampus tissue were analyzed by Western blot assay. Spatial learning and memory function were determined by using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Paclitaxel treatment significantly increased the escape latencies and decreased the number of crossing in the MWM test. Furthermore, paclitaxel significantly increased the number of TUNEL-positive neurons in the hippocampus. Also, paclitaxel treatment increased the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampus tissue. In addition, the TNF-α synthesis inhibitor thalidomide significantly attenuated the number of paclitaxel-induced TUNEL-positive neurons in the hippocampus and restored the impaired spatial learning and memory function in paclitaxel-treated rats. These data suggest that TNF-α is critically involved in the paclitaxel-induced impairment of learning and memory function.
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40
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Hu C, Lu Y, Chen X, Wu Z, Zhang Q. Gene transfer of a naked plasmid (pUDK-HGF) encoding human hepatocyte growth factor attenuates skin/muscle incision and retraction-induced chronic post-surgical pain in rats. Eur J Pain 2018; 22:961-972. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Hu
- Department of Experimental Hematology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; China
- International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation; Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences; China
| | - Y. Lu
- Department of Experimental Hematology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; China
| | - X. Chen
- Department of Experimental Hematology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; China
| | - Z. Wu
- Department of Experimental Hematology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; China
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering; Beijing University of Technology; China
| | - Q. Zhang
- Department of Experimental Hematology; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; China
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41
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Interactions of Notch1 and TLR4 signaling pathways in DRG neurons of in vivo and in vitro models of diabetic neuropathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14923. [PMID: 29097792 PMCID: PMC5668305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15053-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between Notch1 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathways in the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy may lead to interpretation of the mechanisms and novel approaches for preventing diabetic neuropathic pain. In the present study, the interactions between Notch1 and TLR4 signaling pathways were investigated by using dorsal root ganglion (DRG) from diabetic neuropathic pain rats and cultured DRG neurons under high glucose challenge. The results showed that high glucose induced not only Notch1 mRNA, HES1 mRNA, and TLR4 mRNA expression, but also Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD1) and TLR4 protein expression in DRG neurons. The proportion of NICD1-immunoreactive (IR) and TLR4-IR neurons in DRG cultures was also increased after high glucose challenge. The above alterations could be partially reversed by inhibition of either Notch1 or TLR4 signaling pathway. Inhibition of either Notch1 or TLR4 signaling pathway could improve mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia thresholds. Inhibition of Notch1 or TLR4 signaling also decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in DRG from diabetic neuropathic rats. These data imply that the interaction between Notch1 and TLR4 signaling pathways is one of the important mechanisms in the development or progression of diabetic neuropathy.
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Edwardson DW, Boudreau J, Mapletoft J, Lanner C, Kovala AT, Parissenti AM. Inflammatory cytokine production in tumor cells upon chemotherapy drug exposure or upon selection for drug resistance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183662. [PMID: 28915246 PMCID: PMC5600395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) has been shown to be released by tumor cells in response to docetaxel, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the latter through activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). However, it is unclear whether the former involves TLR4 receptor activation through direct binding of the drug to TLR4 at the cell surface. The current study was intended to better understand drug-induced TNF-α production in tumor cells, whether from short-term drug exposure or in cells selected for drug resistance. ELISAs were employed to measure cytokine release from breast and ovarian tumor cells in response to several structurally distinct chemotherapy agents and/or TLR4 agonists or antagonists. Drug uptake and drug sensitivity studies were also performed. We observed that several drugs induced TNF-αrelease from multiple tumor cell lines. Docetaxel-induced cytokine production was distinct from that of LPS in both MyD88-positive (MCF-7) and MyD88-deficient (A2780) cells. The acquisition of docetaxel resistance was accompanied by increased constitutive production of TNF-αand CXCL1, which waned at higher levels of resistance. In docetaxel-resistant MCF-7 and A2780 cell lines, the production of TNF-α could not be significantly augmented by docetaxel without the inhibition of P-gp, a transporter protein that promotes drug efflux from tumor cells. Pretreatment of tumor cells with LPS sensitized MyD88-positive cells (but not MyD88-deficient) to docetaxel cytotoxicity in both drug-naive and drug-resistant cells. Our findings suggest that taxane-induced inflammatory cytokine production from tumor cells depends on the duration of exposure, requires cellular drug-accumulation, and is distinct from the LPS response seen in breast tumor cells. Also, stimulation of the LPS-induced pathway may be an attractive target for treatment of drug-resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek W. Edwardson
- Ph.D. Program in Biomolecular Science, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Boudreau
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Mapletoft
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carita Lanner
- Ph.D. Program in Biomolecular Science, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - A. Thomas Kovala
- Ph.D. Program in Biomolecular Science, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amadeo M. Parissenti
- Ph.D. Program in Biomolecular Science, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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43
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Viana F. TRPA1 channels: molecular sentinels of cellular stress and tissue damage. J Physiol 2017; 594:4151-69. [PMID: 27079970 DOI: 10.1113/jp270935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPA1 is a non-selective cation channel expressed in mammalian peripheral pain receptors, with a major role in chemonociception. TRPA1 has also been implicated in noxious cold and mechanical pain sensation. TRPA1 has an ancient origin and plays important functions in lower organisms, including thermotaxis, mechanotransduction and modulation of lifespan. Here we highlight the role of TRPA1 as a multipurpose sensor of harmful signals, including toxic bacterial products and UV light, and as a sensor of stress and tissue damage. Sensing roles span beyond the peripheral nervous system to include major barrier tissues: gut, skin and lung. Tissue injury, environmental irritants and microbial pathogens are danger signals that can threaten the health of organisms. These signals lead to the coordinated activation of the nociceptive and the innate immune system to provide a homeostatic response trying to re-establish physiological conditions including tissue repair. Activation of TRPA1 participates in protective neuroimmune interactions at multiple levels, sensing ROS and bacterial products and triggering the release of neuropeptides. However, an exaggerated response to danger signals is maladaptive and can lead to the development of chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Viana
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
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44
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Kawata D, Wu Z. Regulatable Transgene Expression for Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2017; 6:91-101. [PMID: 28702476 PMCID: PMC5557294 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating complication associated with drug treatment of cancer for which there are no effective strategies of prevention or treatment. In this study, we examined the effect of intermittent expression of neurotophin-3 (NT-3) or interleukin-10 (IL-10) from replication-defective herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based regulatable vectors delivered by subcutaneous inoculation to the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) on the development of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. We constructed two different tetracycline (tet)-on-based regulatable HSV vectors, one expressing NT-3 and the other expressing IL-10, in which the transactivator expression in the tet-on system was under the control of HSV latency-associated promoter 2 (LAP-2), and expression of the transgene was controlled by doxycycline (DOX). We examined the therapeutic effect of intermittent expression of the transgene in animals with paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy modeled by intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (16 mg/kg) once a week for 5 weeks. Intermittent expression of either NT-3 or IL-10 3 days before and 1 day after paclitaxel administration protected animals against paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy over the course of 5 weeks. These results suggest the potential of regulatable vectors for prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kawata
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Higashi Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Zetang Wu
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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45
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Chen Y, Fang Q, Wang Z, Zhang JY, MacLeod AS, Hall RP, Liedtke WB. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 Ion Channel Functions as a Pruriceptor in Epidermal Keratinocytes to Evoke Histaminergic Itch. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:10252-62. [PMID: 26961876 PMCID: PMC4858974 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.716464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPV4 ion channels function in epidermal keratinocytes and in innervating sensory neurons; however, the contribution of the channel in either cell to neurosensory function remains to be elucidated. We recently reported TRPV4 as a critical component of the keratinocyte machinery that responds to ultraviolet B (UVB) and functions critically to convert the keratinocyte into a pain-generator cell after excess UVB exposure. One key mechanism in keratinocytes was increased expression and secretion of endothelin-1, which is also a known pruritogen. Here we address the question of whether TRPV4 in skin keratinocytes functions in itch, as a particular form of “forefront” signaling in non-neural cells. Our results support this novel concept based on attenuated scratching behavior in response to histaminergic (histamine, compound 48/80, endothelin-1), not non-histaminergic (chloroquine) pruritogens in Trpv4 keratinocyte-specific and inducible knock-out mice. We demonstrate that keratinocytes rely on TRPV4 for calcium influx in response to histaminergic pruritogens. TRPV4 activation in keratinocytes evokes phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, ERK, for histaminergic pruritogens. This finding is relevant because we observed robust anti-pruritic effects with topical applications of selective inhibitors for TRPV4 and also for MEK, the kinase upstream of ERK, suggesting that calcium influx via TRPV4 in keratinocytes leads to ERK-phosphorylation, which in turn rapidly converts the keratinocyte into an organismal itch-generator cell. In support of this concept we found that scratching behavior, evoked by direct intradermal activation of TRPV4, was critically dependent on TRPV4 expression in keratinocytes. Thus, TRPV4 functions as a pruriceptor-TRP in skin keratinocytes in histaminergic itch, a novel basic concept with translational-medical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wolfgang B Liedtke
- From the Departments of Neurology, Neurobiology, and Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 and Neurology Clinics for Headache, Head Pain and Trigeminal Sensory Disorders, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705
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46
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Sukenaga N, Ikeda-Miyagawa Y, Tanada D, Tunetoh T, Nakano S, Inui T, Satoh K, Okutani H, Noguchi K, Hirose M. Correlation Between DNA Methylation of TRPA1 and Chronic Pain States in Human Whole Blood Cells. PAIN MEDICINE 2016; 17:1906-1910. [DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnv088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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