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Loughnane J, Roth J, van Tilburg W. Collective UK nostalgia predicts a desire to leave the European Union. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 63:1254-1271. [PMID: 38294144 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Collective nostalgia is an emotion experienced when one sentimentally recalls events or things related to a particular social identity. We investigated the relationship between collective nostalgia about the United Kingdom (UK) and UK citizens' desire to leave the European Union (EU). We collected data of UK citizens twice prior to the UK's official withdrawal from the European Union (N = 347 and N = 240) and once afterwards (N = 236). Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis, utilizing cross-lagged panel models, supported the hypothesis that collective UK nostalgia increased the desire to leave the European Union. We additionally hypothesized that the relationship between these variables would be mediated positively by ties to UK citizens and negatively by ties to EU citizens. Exploratory and longitudinal analysis, however, indicated that strength of ties to UK and EU citizens predicts levels of collective UK nostalgia which, in turn, predicts desire to leave the European Union. Specifically, ties to UK citizens were associated with increased collective nostalgia and a desire to leave the EU and ties to EU citizens were associated with reduced collective nostalgia and a desire to re-join the European Union. We discuss the implications of the findings as well as making suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Roth
- University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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2
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Chu C, Lowery BS. Perceiving a Stable Self-Concept Enables the Experience of Meaning in Life. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024; 50:780-792. [PMID: 36722363 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221150234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We test the hypothesis that the perception of stability in one's self-concept (i.e., future self-continuity) enables the experience of meaning in life because perceiving a stable sense of self confers a sense of certainty to the self-concept. Study 1 provided initial evidence of the influence of future self-continuity on feelings of meaning in life (MIL) in a nationally representative sample. In Studies 2a and 2b, we manipulated future self-continuity by varying the expectedness of one's future self, demonstrating the causal influence of future self-continuity on self-certainty and feelings of MIL. Study 3 again manipulated future self-continuity, finding an indirect effect on feelings of meaning in life via self-certainty. Our findings thus suggest the experience of meaning in life arises from the perception of a stable sense of self. We discuss the implications for the antecedents and conceptualization of MIL as well as the nature of the self-concept.
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Lian C, Chen XX. The influence mechanism of self-transcendence on green consumption: The chain-mediating effect of construction of meaning in life and connectedness. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 244:104180. [PMID: 38335811 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A transition to a more sustainable society is occurring worldwide and necessitates a change in people's ways of consuming. Self-transcendence (ST) is recognized as a key predictor of green consumption. Thus, a multiple intermediary model was developed to clarify the psychological mechanisms underlying ST and its influence on consumption. The model was tested using data from a nationally representative sample of 428 Chinese participants. The results show that ST's overall positive effect on green consumption is realized via four indirect paths: (1) the simple mediating role of nature connectedness between ST and green consumption, (2) the simple mediating role of social connectedness between ST and green consumption; (3) the chain-mediating role of construction of meaning in life (CoMIL) and nature connectedness, and (4) the chain-mediating role of CoMIL and social connectedness. Among these paths, nature connectedness plays the most critical mediating role for the Chinese, accounting for the greatest proportion of the total indirect effect. The study advances understanding of the influence and path of ST on green consumption, and provides theoretical and practical support for guiding people toward sustainable lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lian
- Xiamen University, School of Journalism and Communication, Siming South Road 422, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Xia Chen
- Fujian Business University, College of Business Administration, Fuzhou, Fujian 350012, PR China.
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4
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Yin Y, Jiang T, Wildschut T, Sedikides C. Nostalgia, Ritual Engagement, and Meaning in Life. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024:1461672241235740. [PMID: 38506162 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241235740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Rituals are pervasive and beneficial. Little is known, however, about causes or antecedents of ritual engagement. We hypothesized that nostalgia-a sentimental longing for one's past-promotes ritual engagement, which in turn augments meaning in life. We tested this hypothesis in five methodologically diverse studies. In Study 1 (N = 311), nostalgia was positively associated with ritual engagement. In Study 2 (N = 188), nostalgia promoted ritual engagement, and in Study 3 (N = 296), it did so over engagement in a neutral task. In Study 4 (N = 252), nostalgia predicted later ritual engagement but not vice versa, convergent with Studies 2 and 3. Furthermore, nostalgia prospectively predicted meaning in life through specific ritualistic behaviors during a traditional festival. Finally, in Study 5 (N = 166), experimentally manipulated ritual engagement augmented meaning in life. As hypothesized, nostalgia advances ritual engagement, contributing to a meaningful life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Yin
- Peking University, Beijing, China
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5
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Zhang J, Kang T, Zhao K, Wei M, Liu L. The relationship between life satisfaction and nostalgia: Perceived social support and meaning in life chain mediation. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 243:104154. [PMID: 38266579 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Much of the previous research has used experimental studies to explore the positive predictive effect of nostalgia on life satisfaction. However, the possible mediating effects involved remain unclear. To analyze the chain mediating mechanism between perceived social support and meaning in life in the relationship between nostalgia and life satisfaction and to improve the positive application of nostalgia to life satisfaction to ensure the physical and mental health of individuals, this study adopted the method of questionnaire survey, applied the Southampton Nostalgia scale, Perceived Social Support scale, Meaning in Life Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale. This study conducted a horizontal survey on 452 subjects recruited online from Gansu Province, Guangdong Province, Qinghai Province, and other places in China. The results showed that (1) there was a significant positive correlation between nostalgia and perceived social support, presence of meaning in life, searching for meaning in life, and life satisfaction. (2) Perceived social support and meaning in life play a chain mediating role in the relationship between nostalgia and life satisfaction. (3) Perceived social support and different dimensions of meaning in life are different in the relationship between nostalgia and life satisfaction. The findings contribute to understanding the chain-mediated mechanism between life satisfaction and nostalgia and provide recommendations for psychological service providers to apply nostalgia to enhance individual life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Zhang
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Tinghu Kang
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Min Wei
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Longtian Liu
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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Dowson M, Wohl MJA. The Long Shadow of Addiction-Related Nostalgia: Nostalgia Predicts Ambivalence and Undermines the Benefits of Optimism in Recovery. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:989-998. [PMID: 38353636 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2310502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Background: Previous research has shown that nostalgia for the pre-addicted self can motivate people living with addiction to engage in behavior change. Objective: Herein, we explored nostalgia for the addictive behavior-labeled addiction-related nostalgia (ARN)-among people in recovery from engaging in addictive behavior. We tested the novel idea that ARN is positively associated with ambivalence about recovery. We also hypothesized that ARN may counteract the positive influence of optimism on individuals' commitment to recovery. Results: In two studies involving individuals in recovery from a gambling (Study 1; N=301) or alcohol use disorder (Study 2; N=604), ARN was linked to increased ambivalence about recovery, while optimism was associated with decreased ambivalence. As expected, the interaction between optimism and ARN revealed that nostalgia either eliminated (Study 1) or reduced (Study 2) the negative relation between optimism and ambivalence. Conclusions: These findings underscore the challenges posed by ARN in the recovery process and emphasize the importance of interventions that address and mitigate its impact while considering the moderating role of optimism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Dowson
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J A Wohl
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Mental Health and Well-Being Research and Training Hub, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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D'Argembeau A, Garcia Jimenez C. Effects of past and future autobiographical thinking on the working self-concept. Memory 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37823799 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2269324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
While the role of autobiographical memory in self-representation is well established, the identity function of future thinking has received much less attention. Yet, most people commonly imagine future events that convey meaningful information about the person they wish or expect to become. In three experiments, we assessed the extent to which thinking about such self-defining future events influences the current content of self-representation (i.e., the working self-concept). Participants were asked to think about either a past or future self-defining event, or a control topic, before describing aspects of their identity in the form of "I am" statements (Experiments 1 and 3) or completing scales assessing self-related dimensions (Experiments 2 and 3). We found that thinking about a future self-defining event led participants to conceptualise themselves more in terms of their psychological traits, as did thinking about a past self-defining event. Furthermore, thinking about a future self-defining event increased the sense of present-future self-continuity, whereas thinking about a past self-defining event increased the sense of past-present self-continuity. These results suggest that self-representations are fuelled not only by autobiographical memories, but also by projections into the future.
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Yin Y, Jiang T, Thomaes S, Wildschut T, Sedikides C. Nostalgia Promotes Parents' Tradition Transfer to Children by Strengthening Parent-Child Relationship Closeness. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2023:1461672231187337. [PMID: 37526170 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231187337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Parental tradition transfer to children is pivotal for their socialization, identity formation, and culture perpetuation. But what motivates parents to transfer traditions to their children? We hypothesized that nostalgia, an emotion strengthening interpersonal bonds, would promote tradition transfer through parent-child relationship closeness. We tested these hypotheses using cross-sectional (Studies 1 and 4), cross-lagged (Study 2 and preregistered Study 5), and experimental (Studies 3 and 6) designs. In Studies 1 to 3, nostalgia was associated with, had lagged effect on, and promoted tradition transfer. In Studies 4-6, parent-child relationship closeness mediated the link between nostalgia and tradition transfer. The findings enrich our understanding of the vertical transmission of knowledge, customs, and values, offering insight into how intergenerational bonds are reinforced and cultural heritage is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Yin
- Peking University, Beijing, China
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Bäckryd E. The benefits and risks of nostalgia: analysis of a fictional case with special reference to ethical and existential issues. Philos Ethics Humanit Med 2023; 18:3. [PMID: 37072749 PMCID: PMC10114357 DOI: 10.1186/s13010-023-00132-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous paper in Philos Ethics Humanit Med, the 1937 Swedish novel Sömnlös (Swedish for sleepless) by Vilhelm Moberg was used as background for a thought experiment, in which last century's progresses concerning the safety of sleeping pills were projected into the future. This gave rise to a theoretical discussion about broad medico-philosophical questions such as (among other things) the concept of pharmaceuticalisation. METHODS In this follow-up paper, the theme of insomnia in Sömnlös is complemented by a discussion of the concept of nostalgia. The core of the paper is a theoretical discussion about the benefits and risks of nostalgia, bringing together some aspects of recent psychological research about the construct of nostalgia with the main story line of the novel. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Nostalgia is portrayed as being, in some sense at least, ultimately beneficial for the protagonist of Sömnlös. This is congruent with recent psychological research. However, the story also shows that nostalgia may lead to problematic behaviours, at least when viewed from a virtue ethics perspective. Hence, nostalgia is both what leads the protagonist into ethically problematic behaviour and that which (paradoxically) ultimately saves him from his initial lack of courage, justice, temperance and practical wisdom. Moreover, the protagonist does not only "grow" ethically but also existentially. Hence, the novel opens up the possibility that insomnia and nostalgia might be viewed as bearers of important existential information (cf. sociologist of religion Peter L. Berger and his concept of "signals of transcendence").
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bäckryd
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden.
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Yu X. Behavioral Intention of Repeated Watching and Personality Traits: Testing Mediation Model of Nostalgia Arousal and Social Connectedness. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:483-495. [PMID: 36846312 PMCID: PMC9948635 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s391130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Classic old movies and TV series (COMTS) can evoke individuals' memories from the past. "Personality traits-motivation-behavior" is a theoretical frame to understand that nostalgia can lead to repeated watching behavior. Methods We adopted an online survey to investigate the relationship between personality traits, nostalgia, social connectedness and the behavioral intention of repeated watching with those who re-watched movies or TV series (N = 645). Results Our results showed that open, agreeable and neurotic individuals were more likely to feel nostalgic and then have the behavioral intention of repeated watching. In addition, for agreeable and neurotic individuals, social connectedness plays a mediating role in the relationship between these personality traits and behavioral intention of repeated watching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Zhang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuyi Zhang
- School of Media and Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- School of Media and Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xiaofeng Yu, Email
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Weingarten E, Wei Z. Nostalgia and consumer behavior. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101555. [PMID: 36709745 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present review examines how and when nostalgia, a social emotion with a rich history in marketing, affects consumption-relevant outcomes. It comments that in recent years, nostalgia's role within consumer behavior, including advertising, consumption, and product choice operates through feelings of social connectedness, and thus research must consider boundary conditions based on social parameters. Moreover, it discusses the role of nostalgia in buffering the self from threats, how these threats may elicit nostalgia, and the impact on downstream consumption. It finally examines whether nostalgia always does or does not have a positive impact on consumption-relevant outcomes. Across these areas, the review suggests potential future research directions on potential discrepancies that operate through social boundary conditions.
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Layous K, Kurtz JL. Nostalgia: A potential pathway to greater well-being. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101548. [PMID: 36669249 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nostalgia is a bittersweet-yet predominantly positive-emotion felt when one reflects on personally meaningful memories, especially those that are shared with close others. Research demonstrates that nostalgizing can promote well-being, but nostalgic reflection is not often discussed among other cognitive and behavioral strategies used to enhance long-term well-being (i.e., Positive Psychology Interventions [PPIs]). Accumulating evidence shows that PPIs increase well-being, and we think that nostalgizing should be considered among these types of practices. We discuss the mechanisms by which nostalgizing may promote well-being over time, as well as the potential boundary conditions of this effect. Lastly, we present evidence that nostalgia's bittersweet character does not undermine its ability to promote well-being over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Layous
- Department of Psychology, 25800 Carlos Bee Boulevard, Hayward, California State University, East Bay, CA 94542, United States.
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van Tilburg WAP. Locating nostalgia among the emotions: A bridge from loss to love. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101543. [PMID: 36608388 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An effective way of identifying the psychological role of an emotion is by probing its position relative to other emotions, such as in terms of appraisals, occurrence, lay conceptualization, and consequences. A set of recent studies offer such comparisons for nostalgia against a backdrop of many other emotions. These studies depict nostalgia as an approach-oriented emotion that resembles positive emotions more closely than negative ones, and place nostalgia especially close to positive social emotions. A complementary new analysis of the correlations between nostalgia and 31 other emotions furthermore locates nostalgia between experiences related to loss and love. Altogether, recent work on nostalgia among the emotions portrays it as a psychological bridge from loss toward love.
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Abeyta AA, Pillarisetty S. Nostalgia supports a meaningful life. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101520. [PMID: 36549093 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We review research on the role of nostalgia in supporting the ability to find, maintain, and restore meaning in life. We consider evidence that nostalgia promotes aintaining and restoring meaning by protecting against meaning threats, repairing meaning in the face of challenges, and generally compensating for lack of meaning. We also review evidence that nostalgia'' potency to support meaning has positive implications for advancing psychological well-being and adaptive human functioning. Finally, we propose future research important for establishing the applicability of nostalgia as a strategy or intervention to facilitate meaning-making and support psychological health.
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Nostalgia in literature and memoir. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 50:101557. [PMID: 36805288 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
It is not yet clear how nostalgia achieves the wide-ranging benefits on wellbeing documented by research. Much of the research favorable to nostalgia has employed experimental and quantitative methods within a laboratory setting. Literature and memoir offer a wider range of content for exploration into the complexity of nostalgia. Literature, memoir, and laboratory research have all illustrated the role of nostalgia in sustaining meaning, identity, and social connectedness. However, initial insights from this appraisal suggest a stronger emphasis in literary forms on the role of nostalgia in resolving conflict and coping with change and loss. Literary forms supplement laboratory efforts by providing a greater diversity of life experience and reflections that can yield more integrative syntheses over time.
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Abstract
Self-continuity is the subjective sense of connection between one's past and present selves (past-present self-continuity), between one's present and future selves (present-future self-continuity), or among one's past, present, and future selves (global self-continuity). We consider the motivational character of the three forms of self-continuity, their regulatory properties, and the internal or external factors that consolidate them. We also review their consequences for attitudes and judgments or decisions, motivation, intentions and behavior, and psychological and physical health. We further detail the psychological and behavioral benefits of self-discontinuity (i.e., a sense of disconnect among temporal selves). We next turn to the brain regions that are activated synchronously with self-continuity. We consider developmental perspectives on self-continuity, discuss collective self-continuity (along with its consequences and regulatory properties), and elaborate on cultural differences in self-continuity. This inaugural Annual Reviews chapter demonstrates the breadth, excitement, and sense of synergy among self-continuity researchers and points to promising research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine Sedikides
- Centre for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; , ,
| | - Emily K Hong
- Centre for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; , ,
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Centre for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; , ,
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Huang KJ, Chang YH, Landau MJ. Pandemic Nostalgia: Reduced Social Contact Predicts Consumption of Nostalgic Music During the COVID-19 Pandemic. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506221149463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Some scholars observed a “nostalgia bump” during the COVID-19 pandemic, where people compensated for social isolation by engaging with products and experiences evoking nostalgia. To further explore this effect and its underlying mechanism, the authors tested the hypothesis that reduced social contact during lockdown conditions would lead people to feel lonely and bored and, in turn, increase their consumption of nostalgic music. Study 1 ( Nsong = 213,464) established the temporal relationships between social contact and nostalgia by analyzing mobility data and daily listening patterns of top songs on the music platform Spotify from 2019 to 2021. Study 2 ( N = 525) was a retrospective survey of individual experiences during the lockdown period. Results showed that reduced social contact had an indirect positive effect on consumption of nostalgic songs through loneliness, but not boredom. These findings shed light on the use of nostalgia as a coping strategy during times of isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya-Hui Chang
- University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA
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Lampraki C, Jopp DS, Spini D. The mediating role of self-continuity on the link between childhood adversity and loneliness in later life. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1039504. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1039504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors may influence adaptation to critical life events such as divorce and bereavement in the second half of life, including having faced childhood adversity. However, pathways to reduced adaptation success are poorly understood. Self-continuity, an identity mechanism that incorporates life changes into a coherent life story, may contribute to better adaptation to adult critical life events, such as feeling less socially and emotionally lonely. We investigated the mediating role of self-continuity channeling the effects of childhood adversity on later life adaptation outcomes among individuals who had experienced divorce or bereavement. Data were derived from the longitudinal LIVES Intimate Partner Loss Study conducted in Switzerland from 2012 to 2016. The sample consisted of individuals who had experienced divorce (n = 416, Mage = 57.35) or bereavement (n = 339, Mage = 71.36) in later life, and a continuously married control group (n = 925, Mage = 67.04). Multilevel moderated mediations were used. Self-continuity mediated the effect of childhood adversity on emotional loneliness for all marital groups, but to a greater extent among divorcees. Self-continuity also mediated the effect of childhood adversity on social loneliness; however, this effect did not differ by marital group. In conclusion, childhood adversity was associated to greater loneliness in later life through self-continuity. Divorcees were the most impacted group regarding emotional loneliness, as they experienced lower levels of self-continuity. Interventions that aim to reinforce self-continuity may help overcome social and emotional loneliness, especially for individuals who have experienced the loss of their partner through divorce.
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Ji LJ, Imtiaz F, Su Y, Zhang Z, Bowie AC, Chang B. Culture, Aging, Self-Continuity, and Life Satisfaction. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2022; 23:3843-3864. [PMID: 36187718 PMCID: PMC9514170 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-022-00568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present work examines how culture and age interact to influence self-continuity and life satisfaction. Specifically, we compared Canadian and Chinese young (17-26 years old) and older adults (60-88 years old) in their sense of self-continuity and life satisfaction (N = 424). Consistent with past research, older adults reported greater self-continuity compared to their young counterparts, while cross-cultural comparisons showed that young Chinese reported greater self-continuity than young Canadians. In terms of life satisfaction, older adults again scored higher than younger adults, while cross-cultural comparisons indicated that, this time, young Canadians reported higher life satisfaction than young Chinese. Although the data were cross-sectional, indirect effects analyses showed that self-continuity mediated the effect of age on life satisfaction in both cultural groups, with the indirect effect stronger among Canadians than among Chinese. These findings highlight the importance of considering culture and age when examining psychological outcomes, and the potential of self-continuity as a mechanism to enhance overall life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Ji
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Faizan Imtiaz
- Department of Psychology, Towson University, Towson, MD USA
| | - Yanjie Su
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Alexa C. Bowie
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Baorui Chang
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
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20
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Nostalgia confers psychological wellbeing by increasing authenticity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Urban Sensory Gardens with Aromatic Herbs in the Light of Climate Change: Therapeutic Potential and Memory-Dependent Smell Impact on Human Wellbeing. LAND 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/land11050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze urban sensory gardens containing aromatic herbs in terms of the plants used in them. The analysis considered the impact of climate change, particularly of higher temperatures, which may affect the character of contemporary urban gardens. The study was planned primarily in the context of the gardens’ therapeutic significance to their users. An important part of the work was to analyze how particular aromatic plants are perceived and received by the inhabitants, using the example of one of Poland's largest cities, Kraków, to assess whether they can have an impact on the inhabitants’ positive memories and thus improve their well-being. Initially, the plant composition of gardens located in Poland that feature aromatic herbs was analyzed. This was followed by a survey and an analysis of therapeutic gardens using the Trojanowska method as modified by Krzeptowska-Moszkowicz et al. The plant composition analysis of sensory gardens featuring herbs demonstrated that vulnerable plants in the Central European climate are being introduced to urban sensory gardens. In terms of major aromatic plants, it was found that almost every respondent reported the existence of scents that had some form of essential significance associated with personal memories. Considering the important sensory impact of water elements in therapeutic gardens, as well as problems related to the acquisition of drinking water or water used in agriculture or horticulture, the paper also addresses this topic. It was found that the city dwellers who filled in the questionnaire strongly preferred the introduction of more ecological solutions in the gardens related to water use—to collect and use rainwater, e.g., for watering, instead of piped water.
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22
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Dennis A, Ogden J, Hepper EG. Evaluating the impact of a time orientation intervention on well-being during the COVID-19 lockdown: past, present or future? THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2020.1858335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Dennis
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Jane Ogden
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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23
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Abstract
Nostalgia, a sentimental longing for one's past, has been garnering keen empirical attention in the psychological literature over the last two decades. After providing a historical overview, we place the emotion in cross-cultural context. Laypeople in many cultures conceptualize nostalgia similarly: as a past-oriented, social, self-relevant, and bittersweet emotion, but more sweet (positively toned) than bitter (negatively toned). That is, the nostalgizer reflects on a fond and personally important event—often their childhood or valued relationships—relives the event through rose-colored glasses, yearns for that time or relationship, and may even wish to return briefly to the past. Also, triggers of nostalgia (e.g., adverts, food, cold temperatures, loneliness) are similar across cultures. Moreover, across cultures nostalgia serves three key functions: it elevates social connectedness (a sense of belongingness or acceptance), meaning in life (a sense that one's life is significant, purposeful, and coherent), and self-continuity (a sense of connection between one's past and present self). Further, nostalgia acts as a buffer against discomforting psychological states (e.g., loneliness) similarly in varied cultural contexts. For example, (1) loneliness is positively related to, or intensifies, nostalgia; (2) loneliness is related to, or intensifies, adverse outcomes such as unhappiness or perceived lack of social support; and (3) nostalgia suppresses the relation between loneliness and adverse outcomes. Additionally, nostalgia facilitates one's acculturation to a host culture. Specifically, (1) nostalgia (vs. control) elicits a positive acculturation orientation toward a host culture; (2) nostalgia (vs. control) amplifies bicultural identity integration; and (3) positive acculturation orientation mediates the effect of host-culture nostalgia on bicultural identity integration. We conclude by identifying lacunae in the literature and calling for follow-up research.
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24
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Wang W, Ma W. Construction of a Meaning Effectiveness Model: A new interpretation of meaning in life. NEW IDEAS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2021.100876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Zhou X, Sedikides C, Mo T, Li W, Hong EK, Wildschut T. The Restorative Power of Nostalgia: Thwarting Loneliness by Raising Happiness During the COVID-19 Pandemic. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506211041830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic increased the risk for loneliness. We tested whether nostalgia counteracts loneliness via rises in happiness. We conducted surveys in China ( N = 1,546), the United States ( N = 1,572), and the United Kingdom ( N = 603). Although feeling lonely was associated with unhappiness, it was also associated with nostalgia, which in turn conduced to increased happiness. We complemented these findings with three experiments testing MTurk workers (Study 4, N = 209; Study 5, N = 196; Study 6, N = 190), where we manipulated nostalgia and assessed happiness. Nostalgia increased happiness immediately after the manipulation (Studies 4–6) and, following an induction booster, up to 2 days later (Studies 4–5). Nostalgia is a psychological resource that can be harnessed to raise happiness and help combat loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhou
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Constantine Sedikides
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tiantian Mo
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanyue Li
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Emily K. Hong
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
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26
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Hong EK, Sedikides C, Wildschut T. How Does Nostalgia Conduce to Global Self-Continuity? The Roles of Identity Narrative, Associative Links, and Stability. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2021; 48:735-749. [PMID: 34151655 PMCID: PMC9066684 DOI: 10.1177/01461672211024889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In five studies (N = 1,074), we examined the relation-both correlational and causal-between nostalgia, a sentimental longing for one's past, and global self-continuity (GSC), a sense of connection among past, present, and future selves. Furthermore, we addressed mechanisms underlying this relation. We asked, in particular, whether nostalgic individuals might achieve GSC by constructing a narrative to give meaning to life transitions (narrative), connecting to the past (associative links), or believing in a self that is resistant to change (stability). Nostalgia predicted (Studies 1-3) and caused (Studies 4 and 5) GSC. The relation between nostalgia and GSC was consistently mediated by narrative, sporadically mediated by associative links, and unmediated by stability. The robust indirect effect via narrative remained significant when controlling for rumination (Study 3). We discuss theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Hong
- University of Southampton, UK
- Emily K. Hong, Center for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, 4001 B44, University Rd, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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Ismail S, Dodd E, Christopher G, Wildschut T, Sedikides C, Cheston R. The Content of Nostalgic Memories Among People Living with Dementia. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2021; 94:436-458. [PMID: 34110940 PMCID: PMC8958641 DOI: 10.1177/00914150211024185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although dementia may affect the reliability of autobiographical memories, the psychological properties of nostalgic memories may be preserved. We compared the content of nostalgic (n = 36) and ordinary (n = 31) narratives of 67 participants living with dementia. Narratives were rated according to their self-oriented, social, and existential properties, as well as their affective content. Social properties and affective content were assessed using a linguistic word count procedure. Compared to the ordinary narratives described in the control condition, nostalgic narratives described a typical events, expressed more positive affect, and had more expressions of self-esteem and self-continuity. They were also rated higher on companionship, connectedness and the closeness of relationships, and reflected life as being meaningful. Despite their cognitive impairment, people living with dementia experience nostalgia in similar ways to cognitively healthy adults, with their nostalgic narratives containing self-oriented, social, and existential properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda Ismail
- 1981 Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Emily Dodd
- 1981 Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Gary Christopher
- 1981 Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Tim Wildschut
- 7423 Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK
| | | | - Richard Cheston
- 1981 Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
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28
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Green JD, Cairo AH, Wildschut T, Sedikides C. The Ties That Bind: University Nostalgia Fosters Relational and Collective University Engagement. Front Psychol 2021; 11:580731. [PMID: 33597902 PMCID: PMC7882505 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.580731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Does nostalgia for one's time at university predict current intentions to engage with the university? In Study 1, United States participants' nostalgia for their university experience (university nostalgia) at a southern public university predicted stronger intentions to socialize with fellow alumni, attend a future reunion, volunteer for their university, and donate money to their university. Study 2 replicated these findings with alumni from a northeastern private university, and extended them by finding that the links between university nostalgia and university engagement emerged even when controlling for the positivity of university experience. In both studies, feelings of university belonging mediated most of the associations between university nostalgia and university engagement. In Study 2, the positivity of the university experience moderated the relation between university nostalgia and two indices of university engagement. Specifically, university nostalgia was more strongly associated with intentions to attend a reunion and donate money among those who had a relatively negative university experience. Nostalgia for one's university past predicts future engagement with the university as well as its members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Green
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Athena H Cairo
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Centre for Research on Self and Identity, Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Constantine Sedikides
- Centre for Research on Self and Identity, Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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29
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Maher PJ, Igou ER, van Tilburg WA. Nostalgia relieves the disillusioned mind. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Frankenbach J, Wildschut T, Juhl J, Sedikides C. Does neuroticism disrupt the psychological benefits of nostalgia? a meta-analytic test. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nostalgia, a sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past, confers self-oriented, existential, and social benefits. We examined whether nostalgic engagement is less beneficial for individuals who are high in neuroticism (i.e. emotionally unstable and prone to negative affect). Specifically, we tested whether the benefits of experimentally induced nostalgia are moderated by trait-level neuroticism. To address this issue, we conducted a high-powered individual participant data meta-analysis ( N = 3556, k = 19). We found that the benefits of nostalgia were not significantly moderated by neuroticism, as they emerged for both high and low neurotics. This finding upheld when the self-oriented, existential, and social benefits of nostalgia were analysed jointly and when they were analysed separately. Taken together, individuals high and low in neuroticism are equally likely to benefit psychologically from engagement in nostalgic reverie.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jacob Juhl
- Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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31
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Leunissen J, Wildschut T, Sedikides C, Routledge C. The Hedonic Character of Nostalgia: An Integrative Data Analysis. EMOTION REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1754073920950455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We conducted an integrative data analysis to examine the hedonic character of nostalgia. We combined positive and negative affect measures from 41 experiments manipulating nostalgia ( N = 4,659). Overall, nostalgia inductions increased positive and ambivalent affect, but did not significantly alter negative affect. The magnitude of nostalgia’s effects varied markedly across different experimental inductions of the emotion. The hedonic character of nostalgia, then, depends on how the emotion is elicited and the benchmark (i.e., control condition) to which it is compared. We discuss implications for theory and research on nostalgia and emotions in general.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Constantine Sedikides
- Department of Psychology, Center for Research on Self and Identity, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Clay Routledge
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, USA
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32
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Scott TL, Masser BM, Pachana NA. Positive aging benefits of home and community gardening activities: Older adults report enhanced self-esteem, productive endeavours, social engagement and exercise. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120901732. [PMID: 32030127 PMCID: PMC6977207 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120901732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study examined relationships between home and community gardening and older adults' self-reported psychosocial and physical well-being, attitudes to aging relative to gardening activities and benefits of membership to a gardening group. Methods A survey addressing (a) demographic characteristics, (b) gardening interests and sentiments, (c) activities, (d) benefits, (e) self-rated health and quality of life and (f) attitudes to aging was administered online and via mail-out. Results Participants, 331 gardeners aged 60-95 years from Australia, reported numerous benefits from leisure gardening. According to multiple regression analysis, Restoration and Physical benefits were the strongest explanatory variables of participants' positive aging self-perceptions. Members of gardening groups reported significantly more social and physical benefits than non-members. Conclusion The current study provides support for promoting positive aging through gardening. Regardless of 'doing' gardening or simply 'being' in the garden, having contact with nature was key to attaining positive therapeutic benefits for this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L Scott
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Nancy A Pachana
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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33
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Sedikides C, Wildschut T. The sociality of personal and collective nostalgia. EUROPEAN REVIEW OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2019.1630098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Wildschut T, Sedikides C, Alowidy D. Hanin
: Nostalgia among Syrian refugees. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wildschut
- Psychology Department University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | | | - Dalal Alowidy
- Psychology Department University of Southampton Southampton UK
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35
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Maher PJ, Van Tilburg WAP, Igou ER. Lost in Multidimensional Space: Epistemic Motivations Define and Distinguish Negative Affect. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2019; 45:1409-1424. [PMID: 30857483 DOI: 10.1177/0146167219833395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
People's knowledge of the world is limited and frequently imprecise. Thus, epistemic challenges are commonplace and much research in psychology has investigated their consequences. However, research has not systematically investigated how states of negative affect correspond to the desire for understanding and meaning in life. We investigated the role of epistemic motivations (e.g., meaning search) as features that distinguish forms of negative affect from one another. In three studies, we used multidimensional scaling to model the perceived similarity of negative affect states and then examined to what extent people differentiate these states based on their association with epistemic motivations. These studies revealed that negative states are reliably differentiated through their relation to epistemic pursuits. These findings were verified in a fourth study in which we experimentally induced epistemic affect. Overall, these results indicate that epistemic concerns characterize states of negative affect to a substantial degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Maher
- 1 University College Dublin, Ireland.,2 University of Limerick, Ireland
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