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Mittal RK, Mishra R, Uddin R, Sharma V. Hydrogel Breakthroughs in Biomedicine: Recent Advances and Implications. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1436-1451. [PMID: 38288792 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010281021231229100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to present a succinct summary of the latest advancements in the utilization of hydrogels for diverse biomedical applications, with a particular focus on their revolutionary impact in augmenting the delivery of drugs, tissue engineering, along with diagnostic methodologies. METHODS Using a meticulous examination of current literary works, this review systematically scrutinizes the nascent patterns in applying hydrogels for biomedical progress, condensing crucial discoveries to offer a comprehensive outlook on their ever-changing importance. RESULTS The analysis presents compelling evidence regarding the growing importance of hydrogels in biomedicine. It highlights their potential to significantly enhance drug delivery accuracy, redefine tissue engineering strategies, and advance diagnostic techniques. This substantiates their position as a fundamental element in the progress of modern medicine. CONCLUSION In summary, the constantly evolving advancement of hydrogel applications in biomedicine calls for ongoing investigation and resources, given their diverse contributions that can revolutionize therapeutic approaches and diagnostic methods, thereby paving the way for improved patient well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi K Mittal
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raghav Mishra
- Lloyd School of Pharmacy, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida-201306, Uttar Pradesh, India
- GLA University, Mathura-281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rehan Uddin
- Sir Madanlal Institute of Pharmacy, Etawah-206001 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram Sharma
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Wen P, Xu J, Xu H, Cui G, Wang J. Effect of High-Intensity Ultrasound Pretreatment on the Properties of the Transglutaminase (TGase)-Induced β-Conglycinin (7S) Gel. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102037. [PMID: 37238854 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of different high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) pretreatment times (0-60 min) on the structure of β-conglycinin (7S) and the structural and functional properties of 7S gels induced by transglutaminase (TGase). Analysis of 7S conformation revealed that 30 min HIU pretreatment significantly induced the unfolding of the 7S structure, with the smallest particle size (97.59 nm), the highest surface hydrophobicity (51.42), and the lowering and raising of the content of the α-helix and β-sheet, respectively. Gel solubility showed that HIU facilitated the formation of ε-(γ-glutamyl)lysine isopeptide bonds, which maintain the stability and integrity of the gel network. The SEM revealed that the three-dimensional network structure of the gel at 30 min exhibited filamentous and homogeneous properties. Among them, the gel strength and water-holding capacity were approximately 1.54 and 1.23 times higher than those of the untreated 7S gels, respectively. The 7S gel obtained the highest thermal denaturation temperature (89.39 °C), G', and G″, and the lowest tan δ. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the gel functional properties were negatively correlated with particle size and the α-helix, while positively with Ho and β-sheet. By contrast, gels without sonication or with excessive pretreatment showed a large pore size and inhomogeneous gel network, and poor properties. These results will provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of HIU pretreatment conditions during TGase-induced 7S gel formation, to improve gelling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Tourism and Cuisine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jixin Zhang
- Tourism and Cuisine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Pingping Wen
- Tourism and Cuisine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jingguo Xu
- Tourism and Cuisine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Huiqing Xu
- Tourism and Cuisine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Guiyou Cui
- Tourism and Cuisine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Tourism and Cuisine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
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3
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Gandhi S, Awasthi SK. Analysis and detection of women's reproductive hormones using a bistable and reconfigurable 1D annular photonic crystal composed of the Ge 2Sb 2Te 5 phase-change material. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30335-30348. [PMID: 36337970 PMCID: PMC9590592 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04238j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the reconfigurable biosensing capabilities of the one-dimensional annular photonic structure, (AB)5CDC(AB)5, was examined theoretically. The proposed structure was made of concentric cylindrical layers of periodically modulated refractive indices, which were restricted in one direction only. Germanium antimony telluride (GST), which belongs to the class of phase-change materials (PCMs), was used in the fabrication of the proposed biosensing design. The entire study was carried out in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The suggested biosensing structure was constructed by depositing alternate periodic cylindrical layers of SiO2 and Si with a central air core. An air cavity coated on both sides by a phase-change chalcogenide material (Ge2Sb2Te5) was introduced at the centre of the 1D annular photonic crystal to realize the (AB)5CDC(AB)5 structure. The simulation results of the proposed work were obtained using the MATLAB computational tool taking into consideration the modified transfer matrix method. The primary focus of this study was to measure the change in the position and intensity of the defect mode with respect to the change in the concentration levels of analytes containing progesterone and estradiol reproductive hormones separately in the amorphous and crystalline phases of the Ge2Sb2Te5 material. Interestingly, a strong tunability in the position of the central wavelength of the defect mode inside the photonic band gap (PBG) was noticed during the phase transition of the GST material from amorphous to crystalline and back. In both the phases of the GST material, our design could identify minute refractive index variations in blood samples containing reproductive hormones at different concentrations for monitoring various gynaecological disorders in women. Besides sensitivity, other important parameters such as the limit of detection, signal-to-noise ratio, and quality factor were estimated to evaluate the biosensing capabilities of the proposed design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Gandhi
- Department of Physics and Material Science and Engineering, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida 201304 U.P. India
| | - Suneet Kumar Awasthi
- Department of Physics and Material Science and Engineering, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida 201304 U.P. India
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4
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Moulahoum H, Ghorbanizamani F, Guler Celik E, Timur S. Nano-Scaled Materials and Polymer Integration in Biosensing Tools. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:301. [PMID: 35624602 PMCID: PMC9139048 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of biosensors and diagnostic devices has been thriving in its ability to provide reliable tools with simplified operation steps. These evolutions have paved the way for further advances in sensing materials, strategies, and device structures. Polymeric composite materials can be formed into nanostructures and networks of different types, including hydrogels, vesicles, dendrimers, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), etc. Due to their biocompatibility, flexibility, and low prices, they are promising tools for future lab-on-chip devices as both manufacturing materials and immobilization surfaces. Polymers can also allow the construction of scaffold materials and 3D structures that further elevate the sensing capabilities of traditional 2D biosensors. This review discusses the latest developments in nano-scaled materials and synthesis techniques for polymer structures and their integration into sensing applications by highlighting their various structural advantages in producing highly sensitive tools that rival bench-top instruments. The developments in material design open a new door for decentralized medicine and public protection that allows effective onsite and point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Moulahoum
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey; (H.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Faezeh Ghorbanizamani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey; (H.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Emine Guler Celik
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Suna Timur
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey; (H.M.); (F.G.)
- Central Research Testing and Analysis Laboratory Research and Application Center, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
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5
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Ahmad Z, Salman S, Khan SA, Amin A, Rahman ZU, Al-Ghamdi YO, Akhtar K, Bakhsh EM, Khan SB. Versatility of Hydrogels: From Synthetic Strategies, Classification, and Properties to Biomedical Applications. Gels 2022; 8:167. [PMID: 35323280 PMCID: PMC8950628 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional, cross-linked, and supramolecular networks that can absorb significant volumes of water. Hydrogels are one of the most promising biomaterials in the biological and biomedical fields, thanks to their hydrophilic properties, biocompatibility, and wide therapeutic potential. Owing to their nontoxic nature and safe use, they are widely accepted for various biomedical applications such as wound dressing, controlled drug delivery, bone regeneration, tissue engineering, biosensors, and artificial contact lenses. Herein, this review comprises different synthetic strategies for hydrogels and their chemical/physical characteristics, and various analytical, optical, and spectroscopic tools for their characterization are discussed. A range of synthetic approaches is also covered for the synthesis and design of hydrogels. It will also cover biomedical applications such as bone regeneration, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. This review addressed the fundamental, general, and applied features of hydrogels in order to facilitate undergraduates, graduates, biomedical students, and researchers in a variety of domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.A.); (Z.U.R.)
| | - Saad Salman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Amin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.A.); (Z.U.R.)
| | - Zia Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.A.); (Z.U.R.)
| | - Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kalsoom Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Esraa M. Bakhsh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Sher Bahadar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (E.M.B.)
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Gandhi S, Awasthi SK, Aly AH. Biophotonic sensor design using a 1D defective annular photonic crystal for the detection of creatinine concentration in blood serum. RSC Adv 2021; 11:26655-26665. [PMID: 35479998 PMCID: PMC9037314 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new biophotonic sensor composed of a porous silicon (PSi)-based one-dimensional (1D) defective annular photonic crystal (APC) was designed and theoretically investigated using a modified transfer matrix method (TMM) in terms of cylindrical coordinates. The proposed biosensor was found to be capable of sensing very minute variations in the refractive index of blood serum samples of different creatinine concentrations. It can be considered as a useful tool for diagnosing mild to chronic kidney diseases by measuring the creatinine concentration in the blood serum samples of patients. The biosensor design [(AB)N/2D(AB)N/2/Si] is composed of two 1D APCs (AB)N/2 associated with a defect layer D of a blood serum sample of thickness dd whose creatinine concentration is to be determined. Both 1D APCs are made up of two alternate PSi layers A and B with porosity ratios of 34% and 87%, respectively. Moreover, our proposed biophotonic sensor demonstrated a high value of sensitivity (S) between 637.73 and 640.29 nm per RIU, a quality factor (Q) between 1.51 × 105 and 0.74 × 105, and a figure of merit (FOM) between 2.6 × 104 and 1.96 × 104 RIU, corresponding to a blood serum sample whose creatinine concentration varied between 80.90 to 85.28 μmol L−1. The limit of detection (LOD) was of the order of 10−6 RIU. This low value LOD confirmed that our biosensor is capable of noticing any minute change in the wavelength up to an order of 10−6. Compared with previous works, the proposed biosensor design can be easily realized and offers high performance at normal incidence, which allows overcoming the complications involved while achieving a high value of sensitivity in planar PC-based biosensor designs at oblique incidence. Beside this, there is also a possibility to explore this work further for the development of various APC-based biosensing designs with the aim to study various human body fluids. A new biophotonic sensor composed of a porous silicon (PSi)-based one-dimensional (1D) defective annular photonic crystal (APC) was designed and theoretically investigated using a modified transfer matrix method (TMM) in terms of cylindrical coordinates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Gandhi
- Department of Physics and Material Science and Engineering, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida 201304 UP India
| | - Suneet Kumar Awasthi
- Department of Physics and Material Science and Engineering, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida 201304 UP India
| | - Arafa H Aly
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Beni-Suef University BeniSuef Egypt
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7
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Geldert A, Huang H, Herr AE. Probe-target hybridization depends on spatial uniformity of initial concentration condition across large-format chips. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8768. [PMID: 32472029 PMCID: PMC7260366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse assays spanning from immunohistochemistry (IHC), to microarrays (protein, DNA), to high-throughput screens rely on probe-target hybridization to detect analytes. These large-format 'chips' array numerous hybridization sites across centimeter-scale areas. However, the reactions are prone to intra-assay spatial variation in hybridization efficiency. The mechanism of spatial bias in hybridization efficiency is poorly understood, particularly in IHC and in-gel immunoassays, where immobilized targets are heterogeneously distributed throughout a tissue or hydrogel network. In these systems, antibody probe hybridization to a target protein antigen depends on the interplay of dilution, thermodynamic partitioning, diffusion, and reaction. Here, we investigate parameters governing antibody probe transport and reaction (i.e., immunoprobing) in a large-format hydrogel immunoassay. Using transport and bimolecular binding theory, we identify a regime in which immunoprobing efficiency (η) is sensitive to the local concentration of applied antibody probe solution, despite the antibody probe being in excess compared to antigen. Sandwiching antibody probe solution against the hydrogel surface yields spatially nonuniform dilution. Using photopatterned fluorescent protein targets and a single-cell immunoassay, we identify regimes in which nonuniformly distributed antibody probe solution causes intra-assay variation in background and η. Understanding the physicochemical factors affecting probe-target hybridization reduces technical variation in large-format chips, improving measurement precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Geldert
- UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, United States
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Statistics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, United States
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, United States
| | - Amy E Herr
- UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, United States.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, United States.
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8
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Bhat A, Amanor-Boadu JM, Guiseppi-Elie A. Toward Impedimetric Measurement of Acidosis with a pH-Responsive Hydrogel Sensor. ACS Sens 2020; 5:500-509. [PMID: 31948224 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A pH-responsive, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(HEMA)]-based hydrogel has been fashioned into an impedimetric pH sensor for the continual measurement and monitoring of tissue acidosis that can arise due to hemorrhaging trauma. Four hydrogel systems molecularly engineered to influence water distribution and ionic abundance were studied: a cationogenic primary amine, N-(2-aminoethyl) methacrylate (AEMA), a tertiary amine moiety, N,N-(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), and a combined AEMA-DMAEMA formulation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of hydrogel discs held between platinized Type 304 stainless steel mesh electrodes in pH-adjusted 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid sodium salt (HEPES) buffer and equivalent circuit modeling indicated that the AEMA hydrogel had the highest sensitivity containing the relevant pathophysiological range (pH 7.0-8.0). Thus, the AEMA formulation was studied at 0, 1, 3, 4.4, and 30 mol % AEMA. The 1 mol % AEMA was found to significantly (p < 0.05) discern nominal pH (7.35, 7.40, 7.45). The Taguchi Design of Experiments approach was employed and confirmed composition as a factor and 1 mol % AEMA to be the most robust. DMAEMA (0, 4.4, 14, 30 mol %) and AEMA-DMAEMA (0, 4.4, 14, 30 mol %) allowed the use of the one-factor Response Surface Methodology optimizer to confirm the AEMA 1 mol % system to be most robust, sensitive, and possessing optimal sensitivity in the pathophysiological pH sensing range (7.35-7.45) for hemorrhagic trauma. This composition was fashioned as a responsive membrane on a microlithographically fabricated interdigitated microsensor electrode and the sensitivity was determined using R(QR)(QR) analysis. Water distribution within the AEMA (0, 1, 4.4, 30 mol %), determined by gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, revealed a strong anticorrelation between nonfreezable bound water and pH sensitivity (-0.82) and was in good agreement with the total hydration (-0.70). Nonfreezable bound water was found to be the most strongly correlated factor that governs the pH response of hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Bhat
- Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Judy M. Amanor-Boadu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Anthony Guiseppi-Elie
- Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Institute for Academic Medicine and Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- ABTECH Scientific, Inc., Biotechnology Research Park, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
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Manickam P, Vashist A, Madhu S, Sadasivam M, Sakthivel A, Kaushik A, Nair M. Gold nanocubes embedded biocompatible hybrid hydrogels for electrochemical detection of H 2O 2. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 131:107373. [PMID: 31525638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Smart electrochemical biosensors have emerged as a promising alternative analytical diagnostic tool in recent clinical practice. However, improvement in the biocompatibility and electrical conductivity of the biosensor matrix and the immobilization of various bioactive molecules such as enzymes still remain challenging. The present research reports the synthesis of a biocompatible hydrogel network and its integration with gold nanocubes (AuNCs) for developing a novel biosensor with improved functionality. The interpenetrating hydrogel network consist of biopolymers developed using graft co-polymerization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and chitosan (CS). The novelty of this work is in integrating the CS-g-β-CD hydrogel network with conductive AuNCs for improving hydrogel conductivity, biosensor sensitivity and use of the material for a biocompatible sensor. The present protocol advances the state of the art for the utilization of biopolymeric hydrogels system in synergy with an enzymatic biosensing protocol for exclusively detecting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Immobilization of the mitochondrial protein, cytochrome c (cyt c) into the hydrogel nanocomposite matrix was performed via thiol cross-linking. This organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite hydrogel matrix exhibited high biocompatibility (RAW 264.7 and N2a cell lines), improved electrical conductivity to attain high sensitivity (1.2 mA mM-1 cm-2) and a low detection limit (15 × 10-9 M) for H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arti Vashist
- Department of Immunology & Nano-Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Sekar Madhu
- Department of Nanoscience & Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Mohanraj Sadasivam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunkumar Sakthivel
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Department of Immunology & Nano-Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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10
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Scheiblbrandner S, Ludwig R. Cellobiose dehydrogenase: Bioelectrochemical insights and applications. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 131:107345. [PMID: 31494387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is a flavocytochrome with a history of bioelectrochemical research dating back to 1992. During the years, it has been shown to be capable of mediated electron transfer (MET) and direct electron transfer (DET) to a variety of electrodes. This versatility of CDH originates from the separation of the catalytic flavodehydrogenase domain and the electron transferring cytochrome domain. This uncoupling of the catalytic reaction from the electron transfer process allows the application of CDH on many different electrode materials and surfaces, where it shows robust DET. Recent X-ray diffraction and small angle scattering studies provided insights into the structure of CDH and its domain mobility, which can change between a closed-state and an open-state conformation. This structural information verifies the electron transfer mechanism of CDH that was initially established by bioelectrochemical methods. A combination of DET and MET experiments has been used to investigate the catalytic mechanism and the electron transfer process of CDH and to deduce a protein structure comprising of mobile domains. Even more, electrochemical methods have been used to study the redox potentials of the FAD and the haem b cofactors of CDH or the electron transfer rates. These electrochemical experiments, their results and the application of the characterised CDHs in biosensors, biofuel cells and biosupercapacitors are combined with biochemical and structural data to provide a thorough overview on CDH as versatile bioelectrocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Scheiblbrandner
- Biocatalysis and Biosensing Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Roland Ludwig
- Biocatalysis and Biosensing Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Rebelo R, Barbosa AI, Caballero D, Kwon IK, Oliveira JM, Kundu SC, Reis RL, Correlo VM. 3D biosensors in advanced medical diagnostics of high mortality diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:20-39. [PMID: 30716590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes are high mortality diseases, which account for almost two thirds of all deaths worldwide. Their early detection and continuous evaluation are fundamental for an improved patient prognosis and reduced socioeconomic impact. Current biosensor technologies are typically based on the analysis of whole blood samples from patients for the detection of disease-specific biomarkers. However, these technologies display serious shortcomings, such as reduced sensitivity and dynamic range, limited in vivo applicability, and lack of continuous monitoring. There is the urgent need for new diagnostic and treatment follow-up tools, which allow for the early detection of the pathology as well as for the continuous monitoring of the physiological responses to specific therapies. During the last years, a new generation of biosensor technologies with improved performance has emerged in the biomedical sector. The combination of advanced biomaterial methods, biochemical tools, and micro/nanotechnology approaches has resulted in the development of innovative three-dimensional (3D) biosensor platforms for advanced medical diagnosis. In this review, we report the most recent advances in the field of 3D biosensors for clinical applications, focusing on the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. We discuss about their clinical performance compared to standard biosensor technologies, their implantable capability, and their integration into microfluidic devices to develop clinically-relevant models. Overall, we anticipate that 3D biosensors will drive us toward a new paradigm in medical diagnosis, resulting in real-time in vivo biosensors capable to significantly improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rebelo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Ana I Barbosa
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joaquim M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Vitor M Correlo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
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12
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Li CY, Hao XP, Wu ZL, Zheng Q. Photolithographically Patterned Hydrogels with Programmed Deformations. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:94-104. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xing Peng Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
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13
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Vashist A, Kaushik A, Ghosal A, Bala J, Nikkhah-Moshaie R, A Wani W, Manickam P, Nair M. Nanocomposite Hydrogels: Advances in Nanofillers Used for Nanomedicine. Gels 2018; 4:E75. [PMID: 30674851 PMCID: PMC6209277 DOI: 10.3390/gels4030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing progress in the development of hydrogel technology has led to the emergence of materials with unique features and applications in medicine. The innovations behind the invention of nanocomposite hydrogels include new approaches towards synthesizing and modifying the hydrogels using diverse nanofillers synergistically with conventional polymeric hydrogel matrices. The present review focuses on the unique features of various important nanofillers used to develop nanocomposite hydrogels and the ongoing development of newly hydrogel systems designed using these nanofillers. This article gives an insight in the advancement of nanocomposite hydrogels for nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Vashist
- Department of Immunology & Nano-Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- Department of Immunology & Nano-Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Anujit Ghosal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Jyoti Bala
- Department of Immunology & Nano-Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Roozbeh Nikkhah-Moshaie
- Department of Immunology & Nano-Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Waseem A Wani
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree College Tral, Kashmir, J&K 192123, India.
| | - Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Department of Immunology & Nano-Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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14
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Feng X, Hempenius MA, Vancso GJ. Metal Nanoparticle Foundry with Redox Responsive Hydrogels. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Feng
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Mark A. Hempenius
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Gyula J. Vancso
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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15
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Crulhas BP, Recco LC, Delella FK, Pedrosa VA. A Novel Superoxide Anion Biosensor for Monitoring Reactive Species of Oxygen Released by Cancer Cells. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P. Crulhas
- Departament of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Institute of Bioscience, UNESP-Botucatu, SP; Brazil
| | - Lucas C. Recco
- Departament of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Institute of Bioscience, UNESP-Botucatu, SP; Brazil
| | - Flávia K. Delella
- Departament of Morphology; Institute of Bioscience, UNESP-Botucatu, SP; Brazil
| | - Valber A. Pedrosa
- Departament of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Institute of Bioscience, UNESP-Botucatu, SP; Brazil
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16
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Architecture of Ba/alginate/dextran stabilized Au, Fe 3 O 4 , TiO 2 & silica nanoparticles gels and their applications for reduction of 4-nitrophenol and glucose sensing. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Detection of hydrogen peroxide releasing from prostate cancer cell using a biosensor. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Biosensors in Health Care: The Milestones Achieved in Their Development towards Lab-on-Chip-Analysis. Biochem Res Int 2016; 2016:3130469. [PMID: 27042353 PMCID: PMC4794574 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3130469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immense potentiality of biosensors in medical diagnostics has driven scientists in evolution of biosensor technologies and innovating newer tools in time. The cornerstone of the popularity of biosensors in sensing wide range of biomolecules in medical diagnostics is due to their simplicity in operation, higher sensitivity, ability to perform multiplex analysis, and capability to be integrated with different function by the same chip. There remains a huge challenge to meet the demands of performance and yield to its simplicity and affordability. Ultimate goal stands for providing point-of-care testing facility to the remote areas worldwide, particularly the developing countries. It entails continuous development in technology towards multiplexing ability, fabrication, and miniaturization of biosensor devices so that they can provide lab-on-chip-analysis systems to the community.
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19
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Puchberger-Enengl D, Krutzler C, Keplinger F, Vellekoop MJ. Single-step design of hydrogel-based microfluidic assays for rapid diagnostics. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:378-83. [PMID: 24270543 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50944c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
For the first time we demonstrate a microfluidic platform for the preparation of biosensing hydrogels by in situ polymerization of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEG-DA) in a single step. Capillary pressure barriers enable the precise formation of gel microstructures for fast molecule diffusion. Parallel arrangement of these finger structures allows for macroscopic and standard equipment readout methods. The analyte automatically fills the space in between the gel fingers by the hydrophilic nature of the gel. Introducing the functional structures in the chip fabrication allows for rapid assay customization by making surface treatment, gel curing mask alignment and washing steps obsolete. Simple handling and functionality are illustrated by assays for matrix metalloproteinase, an important factor in chronic wound healing. Assays for total protein concentration and cell counts are presented, demonstrating the possibilities for a wide range of fast and simple diagnostics.
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20
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Son KJ, Shin DS, Kwa T, Gao Y, Revzin A. Micropatterned sensing hydrogels integrated with reconfigurable microfluidics for detecting protease release from cells. Anal Chem 2013; 85:11893-901. [PMID: 24255999 PMCID: PMC4370905 DOI: 10.1021/ac402660z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a central role in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix and are typically upregulated in cancer cells. The goal of the present study is to develop microwells suitable for capture of cells and detection of cell-secreted proteases. Hydrogel microwells comprised of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were photopatterned on glass and modified with ligands to promote cell adhesion. To sense protease release, peptides cleavable by MMP9 were designed to contain a donor/acceptor FRET pair (FITC and DABCYL). These sensing molecules were incorporated into the walls of the hydrogel wells to enable a detection scheme where cells captured within the wells secreted protease molecules which diffused into the gel, cleaved the peptide, and caused a fluorescence signal to come on. By challenging sensing hydrogel microstructures to known concentrations of recombinant MMP9, the limit of detection was determined to be 0.625 nM with a linear range extending to 40 nM. To enhance sensitivity and to limit cross-talk between adjacent sensing sites, microwell arrays containing small groups (∼20 cells/well) of lymphoma cells were integrated into reconfigurable PDMS microfluidic devices. Using this combination of sensing hydrogel microwells and reconfigurable microfluidics, detection of MMP9 release from as few as 11 cells was demonstrated. Smart hydrogel microstructures capable of sequestering small groups of cells and sensing cell function have multiple applications ranging from diagnostics to cell/tissue engineering. Further development of this technology will include single-cell analysis and function-based cell sorting capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jin Son
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dong-Sik Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Timothy Kwa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yandong Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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21
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Chen C, Xie Q, Yang D, Xiao H, Fu Y, Tan Y, Yao S. Recent advances in electrochemical glucose biosensors: a review. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 578] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Enomoto J, Matharu Z, Revzin A. Electrochemical Biosensors for On-Chip Detection of Oxidative Stress from Cells. Methods Enzymol 2013; 526:107-21. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405883-5.00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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23
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Matharu Z, Enomoto J, Revzin A. Miniature enzyme-based electrodes for detection of hydrogen peroxide release from alcohol-injured hepatocytes. Anal Chem 2012; 85:932-9. [PMID: 23163580 DOI: 10.1021/ac3025619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol insult to the liver sets off a complex sequence of inflammatory and fibrogenic responses. There is increasing evidence that hepatocytes play a key role in triggering these responses by producing inflammatory signals such as cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, we employed a cell culture/biosensor platform consisting of electrode arrays integrated with microfluidics to monitor extracellular H(2)O(2), one of the major ROS types, produced by primary rat hepatocytes during alcohol injury. The biosensor consisted of hydrogel microstructures with entrapped horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on an array of miniature gold electrodes. These arrays of sensing electrodes were integrated into microfluidic devices and modified with collagen (I) to promote hepatocyte adhesion. Once seeded into the microfluidic devices, hepatocytes were exposed to 100 mM ethanol and the signal at the working electrode was monitored by cyclic voltammetry (CV) over the course of 4 h. The CV experiments revealed that hepatocytes secreted up to 1.16 μM H(2)O(2) after 3 h of stimulation. Importantly, when hepatocytes were incubated with antioxidants or alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor prior to alcohol exposure, the H(2)O(2) signal was decreased by ~5-fold. These experiments further confirmed that the biosensor was indeed monitoring oxidative stress generated by the hepatocytes and also pointed to one future use of this technology for screening hepatoprotective effects of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimple Matharu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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24
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Ercole F, Thissen H, Tsang K, Evans RA, Forsythe JS. Photodegradable Hydrogels Made via RAFT. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301315q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ercole
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helmut Thissen
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly Tsang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard A. Evans
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - John S. Forsythe
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Liu Y, Matharu Z, Howland MC, Revzin A, Simonian AL. Affinity and enzyme-based biosensors: recent advances and emerging applications in cell analysis and point-of-care testing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1181-96. [PMID: 22722742 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The applications of biosensors range from environmental testing and biowarfare agent detection to clinical testing and cell analysis. In recent years, biosensors have become increasingly prevalent in clinical testing and point-of-care testing. This is driven in part by the desire to decrease the cost of health care, to shift some of the analytical tests from centralized facilities to "frontline" physicians and nurses, and to obtain more precise information more quickly about the health status of a patient. This article gives an overview of recent advances in the field of biosensors, focusing on biosensors based on enzymes, aptamers, antibodies, and phages. In addition, this article attempts to describe efforts to apply these biosensors to clinical testing and cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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26
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Characterization of PEG-conjugated gold nanoparticles using a statistical analysis on time-of-flight SIMS images. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.4978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Guo J, Zhang Y, Yang XQ. A novel enzyme cross-linked gelation method for preparing food globular protein-based transparent hydrogel. Food Hydrocoll 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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