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Parrilla M, Sena-Torralba A, Steijlen A, Morais S, Maquieira Á, De Wael K. A 3D-printed hollow microneedle-based electrochemical sensing device for in situ plant health monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116131. [PMID: 38367566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Plant health monitoring is devised as a new concept to elucidate in situ physiological processes. The need for increased food production to nourish the growing global population is inconsistent with the dramatic impact of climate change, which hinders crop health and exacerbates plant stress. In this context, wearable sensors play a crucial role in assessing plant stress. Herein, we present a low-cost 3D-printed hollow microneedle array (HMA) patch as a sampling device coupled with biosensors based on screen-printing technology, leading to affordable analysis of biomarkers in the plant fluid of a leaf. First, a refinement of the 3D-printing method showed a tip diameter of 25.9 ± 3.7 μm with a side hole diameter on the microneedle of 228.2 ± 18.6 μm using an affordable 3D printer (<500 EUR). Notably, the HMA patch withstanded the forces exerted by thumb pressing (i.e. 20-40 N). Subsequently, the holes of the HMA enabled the fluid extraction tested in vitro and in vivo in plant leaves (i.e. 13.5 ± 1.1 μL). A paper-based sampling strategy adapted to the HMA allowed the collection of plant fluid. Finally, integrating the sampling device onto biosensors facilitated the in situ electrochemical analysis of plant health biomarkers (i.e. H2O2, glucose, and pH) and the electrochemical profiling of plants in five plant species. Overall, this electrochemical platform advances precise and versatile sensors for plant health monitoring. The wearable device can potentially improve precision farming practices, addressing the critical need for sustainable and resilient agriculture in changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Parrilla
- A-Sense Lab, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010, Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Amadeo Sena-Torralba
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Annemarijn Steijlen
- A-Sense Lab, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010, Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sergi Morais
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Maquieira
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Karolien De Wael
- A-Sense Lab, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010, Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Zhang Z, Shi F, Ai Y, Li X, Zhang D, Wang L, Sun W. Portable wireless electrochemical sensing of breviscapine using core-shell ZIFs-derived Co nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon nanotube polyhedra-modified electrode. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:290. [PMID: 38683258 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
A core-shell ZIF-67@ZIF-8-derived Co nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon nanotube polyhedra (Co/C-NCNP) hybrid nanostructure was prepared by a pyrolysis method. The synthesized Co/C-NCNP was modified on the screen-printed carbon electrode and used for the portable wireless sensitive determination of breviscapine (BVC) by differential pulse voltammetry. The Co/C-NCNP had a large surface area and excellent catalytic activity with increasing Co sites to combine with BVC for selective determination, which led to the improvement of the sensitivity of the electrochemical sensor. Under optimized conditions, the constructed sensor had linear ranges from 0.15 to 20.0 µmol/L and 20.0 to 100.0 µmol/L with the limit of detection of 0.014 µmol/L (3S0/S). The sensor was successfully applied to BVC tablet sample analysis with satisfactory results. This work provided the potential applications of zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived nanomaterials in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors for the sensitive detection of drug samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Zhang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Hainan International Joint Research Center of Marine Advanced Photoelectric Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Fan Shi
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yijing Ai
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Hainan International Joint Research Center of Marine Advanced Photoelectric Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Hainan International Joint Research Center of Marine Advanced Photoelectric Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China.
| | - Lisi Wang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Hainan International Joint Research Center of Marine Advanced Photoelectric Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Hainan International Joint Research Center of Marine Advanced Photoelectric Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China.
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Noriega N, Shekhirev M, Shuck CE, Salvage J, VahidMohammadi A, Dymond MK, Lacey J, Sandeman S, Gogotsi Y, Patel BA. Pristine Ti 3C 2T x MXene Enables Flexible and Transparent Electrochemical Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6569-6578. [PMID: 38261552 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In the era of the internet of things, there exists a pressing need for technologies that meet the stringent demands of wearable, self-powered, and seamlessly integrated devices. Current approaches to developing MXene-based electrochemical sensors involve either rigid or opaque components, limiting their use in niche applications. This study investigates the potential of pristine Ti3C2Tx electrodes for flexible and transparent electrochemical sensing, achieved through an exploration of how material characteristics (flake size, flake orientation, film geometry, and uniformity) impact the electrochemical activity of the outer sphere redox probe ruthenium hexamine using cyclic voltammetry. The optimized electrode made of stacked large Ti3C2Tx flakes demonstrated excellent reproducibility and resistance to bending conditions, suggesting their use for reliable, robust, and flexible sensors. Reducing electrode thickness resulted in an amplified faradaic-to-capacitance signal, which is advantageous for this application. This led to the deposition of transparent thin Ti3C2Tx films, which maintained their best performance up to 73% transparency. These findings underscore its promise for high-performance, tailored sensors, marking a significant stride in advancing MXene utilization in next-generation electrochemical sensing technologies. The results encourage the analytical electrochemistry field to take advantage of the unique properties that pristine Ti3C2Tx electrodes can provide in sensing through more parametric studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Noriega
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Mikhail Shekhirev
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher E Shuck
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jonathan Salvage
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Armin VahidMohammadi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marcus K Dymond
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Joseph Lacey
- Rayner Intraocular Lenses Limited, The Ridley Innovation Centre, Worthing BN14 8AQ, U.K
| | - Susan Sandeman
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Bhavik Anil Patel
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
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Yang F, Han X, Ai Y, Shao B, Ding W, Tang K, Sun W. A Portable Electrochemical Dopamine Detector Using a Fish Scale-Derived Graphitized Carbon-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode. Molecules 2024; 29:744. [PMID: 38338487 PMCID: PMC10856148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a highly conductive alkali-activated graphitized carbon (a-GC) was prepared using tilapia fish scales as precursors through enzymolysis, activation and pyrolytic carbonization methods. The prepared a-GC was modified on the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode to construct a flexible portable electrochemical sensing platform, which was applied to the differential pulse voltametric detection of dopamine (DA) using a U-disk electrochemical workstation combined with a smart phone and Bluetooth. The prepared a-GC possesses good electrical conductivity, a large specific surface area and abundant active sites, which are beneficial for the electrooxidation of DA molecules and result in excellent sensitivity and high selectivity for DA analysis. Under the optimal conditions, the oxidation peak current of DA increased gradually, with its concentrations in the range from 1.0 μmol/L to 1000.0 μmol/L, with the detection limit as low as 0.25 μmol/L (3S/N). The proposed sensor was further applied to the determination of DA in human sweat samples, with satisfactory results, which provided an opportunity for developing noninvasive early diagnosis and nursing equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.A.); (B.S.)
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Haikou 571127, China;
| | - Xiao Han
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.A.); (B.S.)
| | - Yijing Ai
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.A.); (B.S.)
| | - Bo Shao
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.A.); (B.S.)
| | - Weipin Ding
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Haikou 571127, China;
| | - Kai Tang
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Haikou 571127, China;
| | - Wei Sun
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Tropical Ocean Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (Y.A.); (B.S.)
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Li X, Wang L, Yan L, Han X, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Sun W. A Portable Wireless Intelligent Nanosensor for 6,7-Dihydroxycoumarin Analysis with A Black Phosphorene and Nano-Diamond Nanocomposite-Modified Electrode. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:153. [PMID: 36831920 PMCID: PMC9953709 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel portable and wireless intelligent electrochemical nanosensor was developed for the detection of 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (6,7-DHC) using a modified screen-printed electrode (SPE). Black phosphorene (BP) nanosheets were prepared via exfoliation of black phosphorus nanoplates. The BP nanosheets were then mixed with nano-diamond (ND) to prepare ND@BP nanocomposites using the self-assembly method, achieving high environmental stability. The nanocomposite was characterized by SEM, TEM, Raman, XPS and XRD. The nanocomposite was used for the modification of SPE to improve its electrochemical performances. The nanosensor displayed a wide linear range of 0.01-450.0 μmol/L with a low detection limit of 0.003 μmol/L for 6,7-DHC analysis. The portable and wireless intelligent electrochemical nanosensor was applied to detect 6,7-DHC in real drug samples by the standard addition method with satisfactory recoveries, which extends the application of BP-based nanocomposite for electroanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lisi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
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Portable Wireless Intelligent Electrochemical Sensor for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Rutin Using Functionalized Black Phosphorene Nanocomposite. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196603. [PMID: 36235140 PMCID: PMC9571638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To build a portable and sensitive method for monitoring the concentration of the flavonoid rutin, a new electrochemical sensing procedure was established. By using nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dots (N-CPDs) anchoring few-layer black phosphorene (N-CPDs@FLBP) 0D-2D heterostructure and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the modifiers, a carbon ionic liquid electrode and a screen-printed electrode (SPE) were used as the substrate electrodes to construct a conventional electrochemical sensor and a portable wireless intelligent electrochemical sensor, respectively. The electrochemical behavior of rutin on the fabricated electrochemical sensors was explored in detail, with the analytical performances investigated. Due to the electroactive groups of rutin, and the specific π-π stacking and cation-π interaction between the nanocomposite with rutin, the electrochemical responses of rutin were greatly enhanced on the AuNPs/N-CPDs@FLBP-modified electrodes. Under the optimal conditions, ultra-sensitive detection of rutin could be realized on AuNPs/N-CPDs@FLBP/SPE with the detection range of 1.0 nmol L-1 to 220.0 μmol L-1 and the detection limit of 0.33 nmol L-1 (S/N = 3). Finally, two kinds of sensors were applied to test the real samples with satisfactory results.
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