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Costantini F, Lovecchio N, Ruggi A, Manetti C, Nascetti A, Reverberi M, de Cesare G, Caputo D. Fluorescent Label-Free Aptasensor Integrated in a Lab-on-Chip System for the Detection of Ochratoxin A in Beer and Wheat. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5880-5887. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Costantini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Lovecchio
- Department Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Albert Ruggi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Cesare Manetti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Nascetti
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, via Salaria 851/881, 00138 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Reverberi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Giampiero de Cesare
- Department Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Caputo
- Department Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
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2
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Guo J, Lin H, Wang J, Lin Y, Zhang T, Jiang Z. Recent advances in bio-affinity chromatography for screening bioactive compounds from natural products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 165:182-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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3
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Zhang C, Rodriguez E, Bi C, Zheng X, Suresh D, Suh K, Li Z, Elsebaei F, Hage DS. High performance affinity chromatography and related separation methods for the analysis of biological and pharmaceutical agents. Analyst 2018; 143:374-391. [PMID: 29200216 PMCID: PMC5768458 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01469d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed the development of many high-performance separation methods that use biologically related binding agents. The combination of HPLC with these binding agents results in a technique known as high performance affinity chromatography (HPAC). This review will discuss the general principles of HPAC and related techniques, with an emphasis on their use for the analysis of biological compounds and pharmaceutical agents. Various types of binding agents for these methods will be considered, including antibodies, immunoglobulin-binding proteins, aptamers, enzymes, lectins, transport proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Formats that will be discussed for these methods range from the direct detection of an analyte to indirect detection based on chromatographic immunoassays, as well as schemes based on analyte extraction or depletion, post-column detection, and multi-column systems. The use of biological agents in HPLC for chiral separations will also be considered, along with the use of HPAC as a tool to screen or study biological interactions. Various examples will be presented to illustrate these approaches and their applications in fields such as biochemistry, clinical chemistry, and pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA.
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Yu J, Yang L, Liang X, Dong T, Liu H. Reversible regulation of thrombin adsorption and desorption based on photoresponsive-aptamer modified gold nanoparticles. Talanta 2015; 144:312-7. [PMID: 26452827 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the protein separation, adsorption and desorption of target protein have been using different buffer condition. Different buffer will change the structure and activity of target protein in some cases. This work describes the use of different wavelength light for remote regulation of adsorption and desorption of target protein in the same buffer solutions. A dynamic system that captured and released protein in response to light is reported. Matrix gold nanoparticles and light-responsive affinity ligand comprising thrombin aptamer (APT15), polyethylene glycol linker, and azobenzene-modified complementary sequence were used. UV light induced a trans-cis isomerization of the azobenzene that destabilized the duplex of aptamer and azobenzene-modified complementary sequence, resulting in thrombin binding to aptamer sequence. Visible light irradiation resulted in DNA duplex rehybridization and thrombin released. Our work demonstrates that different light wavelengths effectively regulated the adsorption and desorption of thrombin in the same buffer, and this system also can capture and release prothrombin from plasma with different wavelength light. Furthermore, this method can be widely applied to a variety of different protein separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemiao Yu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liangrong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xiangfeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tingting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huizhou Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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5
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Brothier F, Pichon V. Miniaturized DNA aptamer-based monolithic sorbent for selective extraction of a target analyte coupled on-line to nanoLC. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7875-86. [PMID: 25335821 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A complete characterization of a novel target-specific DNA aptamer-based miniaturized solid phase extraction (SPE)-sorbent coupled on-line to nanoLC is presented. A miniaturized oligosorbent (mOS) was prepared via the in situ sol-gel synthesis of a hybrid organic-inorganic monolith in 100 μm i.d. capillary columns using tetraethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as precursors, followed by covalent binding of a 5'-amino-modified DNA aptamer with a C12 spacer arm specific for a molecule of small molecular weight. Ochratoxin A (OTA), one of the most abundant naturally occurring mycotoxins, was chosen as model analyte to demonstrate the principle of such an approach. The mOS was coupled on-line to RP-nanoLC-LIF. Selective extraction of OTA on several mOSs was demonstrated with an average extraction recovery above 80 % when percolating spiked binding buffer and a low recovery on control monoliths grafted with a non-specific aptamer. Reproducibility of mOSs preparation was highlighted by comparing extraction yields. Otherwise, the mOSs demonstrated no cross-reactivity towards an OTA structural analogue, i.e., ochratoxin B. Due to the high specific surface area of the hybrid silica-based monolith, the coverage density of DNA aptamers covalently immobilized in the capillaries was very high and reached 6.27 nmol μL(-1), thus leading to a capacity above 5 ng of OTA. This miniaturized device was then applied to the selective extraction of OTA from beer samples. It revealed to be effective in isolating OTA from this complex matrix, thus improving the reliability of its analysis at the trace level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Brothier
- Department of Analytical, Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization (LSABM)-UMR CBI 8231 (CNRS-ESPCI), ESPCI ParisTech, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Aptamer-based-sorbents for sample treatment--a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:681-98. [PMID: 25286873 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To improve selectivity during sample pretreatment, various selective tools inducing a molecular recognition mechanism during the extraction procedure have been developed, such as sorbents constituted of immobilized antibodies, i.e., immunosorbents, or molecularly imprinted polymers. More recently, as an alternative to both previous approaches, aptamers immobilized onto a solid support, i.e., oligosorbents, were proposed. Thanks to the high affinity and high selectivity of the interaction that some aptamers offer toward some target analytes, they also provide powerful techniques that make selective extraction and the concentration of a target analyte from liquid matrices in one step or sample purification of extracts from solid matrices possible. This review describes the development and the properties of these oligosorbents developed for different types of targets-pharmaceuticals, mycotoxins, proteins, cells, etc. After describing the immobilization procedures, we discuss different parameters characterizing the potential of aptamer-based supports as extraction sorbents. Close relations exist between extraction recoveries and the affinity and amounts of aptamers immobilized on the extraction device. In addition, analyte-aptamer interactions may be affected by matrix components and by additives in the samples. This may also lower extraction recoveries and affect the stability and the possible reusability of the aptamer-based sorbent. All these points are discussed and illustrated. Numerous examples of applications of these sorbents to the treatment of complex samples such as food samples, environmental samples, and biological fluids are also reported. Their association with analytical devices, from conventional to miniaturized analytical systems, is also discussed.
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7
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Kim D, Herr AE. Protein immobilization techniques for microfluidic assays. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:41501. [PMID: 24003344 PMCID: PMC3747845 DOI: 10.1063/1.4816934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems have shown unequivocal performance improvements over conventional bench-top assays across a range of performance metrics. For example, specific advances have been made in reagent consumption, throughput, integration of multiple assay steps, assay automation, and multiplexing capability. For heterogeneous systems, controlled immobilization of reactants is essential for reliable, sensitive detection of analytes. In most cases, protein immobilization densities are maximized, while native activity and conformation are maintained. Immobilization methods and chemistries vary significantly depending on immobilization surface, protein properties, and specific assay goals. In this review, we present trade-offs considerations for common immobilization surface materials. We overview immobilization methods and chemistries, and discuss studies exemplar of key approaches-here with a specific emphasis on immunoassays and enzymatic reactors. Recent "smart immobilization" methods including the use of light, electrochemical, thermal, and chemical stimuli to attach and detach proteins on demand with precise spatial control are highlighted. Spatially encoded protein immobilization using DNA hybridization for multiplexed assays and reversible protein immobilization surfaces for repeatable assay are introduced as immobilization methods. We also describe multifunctional surface coatings that can perform tasks that were, until recently, relegated to multiple functional coatings. We consider the microfluidics literature from 1997 to present and close with a perspective on future approaches to protein immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 449-728, South Korea
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8
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Šmuc T, Ahn IY, Ulrich H. Nucleic acid aptamers as high affinity ligands in biotechnology and biosensorics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 81-82:210-7. [PMID: 23666257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are small nucleic acid molecules capable of binding to a wide range of target molecules with high affinity and specificity. They have been developed and widely used not only as research tools, but also as biosensors, specific antagonists, and diagnostic markers and as protein purification platform for many pharmaceutical and clinical applications. Here, in this paper we will explore biochemical aspects of aptamer-target interactions and show why aptamers rival antibodies in target recognition and purification procedures. This review will focus on strategies of using aptamers as affinity ligands for molecules of therapeutic and pharmaceutical interest including applications in chromatography and capillary electrophoresis for protein and small molecule purification. Moreover, we will also discuss aptamers whose binding parameters can be controlled on demand for diagnostic approaches and used as sensitive receptors in biosensorics. Aptamers have opened up exciting fields in basic and applied research of pharmaceutical and biotechnological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Šmuc
- Laboratory for Bio-instrumentation, Centre of Excellence for Biosensors, Instrumentation and Process Control, Velika pot 22, 5250 Solkan, Slovenia
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Tippkötter N, Al-Kaidy H, Wollny S, Ulber R. Functionalized Magnetizable Particles for Downstream Processing in Single-Use Systems. CHEM-ING-TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201200130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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11
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12
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Bead affinity chromatography in a temperature-controllable microsystem for biomarker detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:2267-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Han B, Zhao C, Yin J, Wang H. High performance aptamer affinity chromatography for single-step selective extraction and screening of basic protein lysozyme. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 903:112-7. [PMID: 22841745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A DNA aptamer based high-performance affinity chromatography is developed for selective extraction and screening of a basic protein lysozyme. First, a poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolithic column was synthesized in situ by thermally initiated radical polymerization, and then an anti-lysozyme DNA aptamer was covalently immobilized on the surface of the monolith through a 16-atom spacer arm. The target protein lysozyme but non-target proteins can be trapped by the immobilized anti-lysozyme DNA aptamer. In contrast, lysozyme cannot be trapped by the immobilized oligodeoxynucleotide that does not contain the sequence of the anti-lysozyme DNA aptamer. The study clearly demonstrates the trapping of lysozyme by the immobilized anti-lysozyme DNA aptamer is mainly due to specific recognition rather than simple electrostatic interaction of positively charged protein and the negatively charged DNA. The inter-day precision was determined as 0.8% for migration time and 4.2% for peak area, respectively. By the use of aptamer affinity monolith, a screening strategy is developed to selectively extract lysozyme from chicken egg white, showing the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and ease-of-operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100086, PR China
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14
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Walter JG, Stahl F, Scheper T. Aptamers as affinity ligands for downstream processing. Eng Life Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201100197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna-Gabriela Walter
- Institut für Technische Chemie; Leibniz Universität Hannover; Callinstr. 3; 30167; Hannover; Germany
| | - Frank Stahl
- Institut für Technische Chemie; Leibniz Universität Hannover; Callinstr. 3; 30167; Hannover; Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institut für Technische Chemie; Leibniz Universität Hannover; Callinstr. 3; 30167; Hannover; Germany
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Nguyen TH, Pei R, Stojanovic M, Lin Q. Demonstration and Characterization of Biomolecular Enrichment on Microfluidic Aptamer-Functionalized Surfaces. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2011; 155:58-66. [PMID: 21765612 PMCID: PMC3135969 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2010.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates and systematically characterizes the enrichment of biomolecular compounds using aptamer-functionalized surfaces within a microfluidic device. The device consists of a microchamber packed with aptamer-functionalized microbeads and integrated with a microheater and temperature sensor to enable thermally controlled binding and release of biomolecules by the aptamer. We first present an equilibrium binding-based analytical model to understand the enrichment process. The characteristics of the aptamer-analyte binding and enrichment are then experimentally studied, using adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and a specific RNA aptamer as a model system. The temporal process of AMP binding to the aptamer is found to be primarily determined by the aptamer-AMP binding kinetics. The temporal process of aptamer-AMP dissociation at varying temperatures is also obtained and observed to occur relatively rapidly (< 2 s). The specificity of the enrichment is next confirmed by performing selective enrichment of AMP from a sample containing biomolecular impurities. Finally, we investigate the enrichment of AMP by either discrete or continuous introduction of a dilute sample into the microchamber, demonstrating enrichment factors ranging from 566 to 686×, which agree with predictions of the analytical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Huu Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Renjun Pei
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Milan Stojanovic
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
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16
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Kökpinar Ö, Walter JG, Shoham Y, Stahl F, Scheper T. Aptamer-based downstream processing of his-tagged proteins utilizing magnetic beads. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 108:2371-9. [PMID: 21538335 DOI: 10.1002/bit.23191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are synthetic nucleic acid-based high affinity ligands that are able to capture their corresponding target via molecular recognition. Here, aptamer-based affinity purification for His-tagged proteins was developed. Two different aptamers directed against the His-tag were immobilized on magnetic beads covalently. The resulting aptamer-modified magnetic beads were characterized and successfully applied for purification of different His-tagged proteins from complex E. coli cell lysates. Purification effects comparable to conventional immobilized metal affinity chromatography were achieved in one single purification step. Moreover, we have investigated the possibility to regenerate and reuse the aptamer-modified magnetic beads and have shown their long-term stability over a period of 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Öznur Kökpinar
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany; telephone: +49-511-762-2968; fax: +49-511-762-3004
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17
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Xu Y, Yang X, Wang E. Review: Aptamers in microfluidic chips. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 683:12-20. [PMID: 21094377 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2010] [Revised: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This review, covering reports published from 2002 to August 2010, shows how aptamers have made significant contributions in the improvements of microfluidic chips for affinity extraction, separations and detections. Furthermore, microfluidic chip methods for studying aptamer-target interactions and performing aptamer selections have also been summarized. Accordingly, research vacancies and future development trends in these areas are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
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Zhao Q, Li XF, Shao Y, Le XC. Aptamer-based affinity chromatographic assays for thrombin. Anal Chem 2008; 80:7586-93. [PMID: 18759461 DOI: 10.1021/ac801206s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Affinity chromatographic assays for thrombin were developed using two aptamers as affinity ligands. The efficient capture and step elution of thrombin with NaClO4 enabled the determination of thrombin by using either absorbance or fluorescence detection. Preconcentration of thrombin on the affinity column improved the detection limit of thrombin to 0.1 nM. Using an aptamer for the fibrinogen-binding site of thrombin and a second aptamer for the heparin-binding site, a sandwich chromatographic assay was developed, showing improved selectivity of thrombin detection and eliminating the need for labeling thrombin in the sample. The increased local concentration of aptamers immobilized on monolithic columns favored the formation of aptamer-thrombin complexes, resulting in improved retention and detection of thrombin at trace levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G3
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Zhao Q, Li XF, Le XC. Aptamer-modified monolithic capillary chromatography for protein separation and detection. Anal Chem 2008; 80:3915-20. [PMID: 18363332 DOI: 10.1021/ac702567x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A capillary chromatography technique was developed for the separation and detection of proteins, taking advantage of the specific affinity of aptamers and the porous property of the monolith. A biotinylated DNA aptamer targeting cytochrome c was successfully immobilized on a streptavidin-modified polymer monolithic capillary column. The aptamer, having a G-quartet structure, could bind to both cytochrome c and thrombin, enabling the separation of these proteins from each other and from the unretained proteins. Elution of strongly bound proteins was achieved by increasing the ionic strength of the mobile phase. The following proteins were tested using the aptamer affinity monolithic columns: human immunoglobulin G (IgG), hemoglobin, transferrin, human serum albumin, cytochrome c, and thrombin. Determination of cytochrome c and thrombin spiked into dilute serum samples showed no interference from the serum matrix. The benefit of porous properties of the affinity monolithic column was demonstrated by selective capture and preconcentration of thrombin at low ionic strength and subsequent rapid elution at high ionic strength. The combination of the polymer monolithic column and the aptamer affinities makes the aptamer-modified monolithic columns useful for protein detection and separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G3
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Stoltenburg R, Reinemann C, Strehlitz B. SELEX--a (r)evolutionary method to generate high-affinity nucleic acid ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 24:381-403. [PMID: 17627883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioeng.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 930] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SELEX stands for systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. This method, described primarily in 1990 [Ellington, A.D., Szostak, J.W., 1990. In vitro selection of RNA molecules that bind specific ligands. Nature 346, 818-822; Tuerk, C., Gold, L., 1990. Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: RNA ligands to bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase. Science 249, 505-510] aims at the development of aptamers, which are oligonucleotides (RNA or ssDNA) binding to their target with high selectivity and sensitivity because of their three-dimensional shape. Aptamers are all new ligands with a high affinity for considerably differing molecules ranging from large targets as proteins over peptides, complex molecules to drugs and organic small molecules or even metal ions. Aptamers are widely used, including medical and pharmaceutical basic research, drug development, diagnosis, and therapy. Analytical and separation tools bearing aptamers as molecular recognition and binding elements are another big field of application. Moreover, aptamers are used for the investigation of binding phenomena in proteomics. The SELEX method was modified over the years in different ways to become more efficient and less time consuming, to reach higher affinities of the aptamers selected and for automation of the process. This review is focused on the development of aptamers by use of SELEX and gives an overview about technologies, advantages, limitations, and applications of aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Stoltenburg
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Su X, Hu L, Kong L, Lei X, Zou H. Affinity chromatography with immobilized DNA stationary phase for biological fingerprinting analysis of traditional Chinese medicines. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1154:132-7. [PMID: 17451725 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A stationary phase for high performance affinity chromatography with immobilization of DNA onto silica gel was prepared and characterized. The effect of the ionic strength, concentration of Mg2+, EDTA and CH3CN in the mobile phase on the retention of alkaloids were investigated. With this stationary phase, biological fingerprinting analysis of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) Coptis chinensis Franch and Rheum palmatum L. was performed with both one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) chromatography. The 1-D chromatography was performed with isocratic and gradient elution and 2-D chromatography was developed with immobilized DNA column combined with silica monolithic ODS column. It was found that 7 compounds in Coptis chinensis Franch including berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine, 14 compounds in Rheum palmatum L. including aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophannol-8-O-glucophranoside and physionl-8-O-glucophranoside were active in binding to the immobilized DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingye Su
- National Chromatographic R.&A. Centre, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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22
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Wang X, Yang X, Zhang X. Preparation of the capillary-based microchips for solid phase extraction by using the monolithic frits prepared by UV-initiated polymerization. ANAL SCI 2007; 22:1099-104. [PMID: 16896250 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.22.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic solid phase extraction (SPE) array for sample enrichment was prepared by a simple method, a hot embossing technique. Five fused-silica capillaries (250 microm i.d., 380 microm o.d.) were partly embedded parallel in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microchip to serve as the extraction channels. Within each of the channels, a 2-mm-long monolithic porous polymer was prepared by in-situ photoinitiated polymerization. This then acted as the frit for packing of the extraction materials (octadecylsilica beads, ODS). By defining the light-exposure window on the channels, one can easily control the length and location of the polymer frits and the ODS beads can be packed at the desired location. With this method, solid phase extraction channels for microfluidic use can be easily prepared without complex fabrication of microstructures. Several SPE channels can be conveniently made in one microchip since the frits can be prepared in different channels through one polymerization; packing of the different channels can also be performed simultaneously. With the use of dilute ephedrine solutions, the sample loading capacity, linearity, and reproducibility were characterized. Coupled with the fast capillary electrophoresis separation, this microchip SPE array was applied for the detection of ephedrines in human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Abstract
This review article is aimed at assessing the recent progress made in affinity nano-LC and affinity CEC performed in capillaries and microchips. A variety of biospecific interactions is covered including lectin affinity, immunoaffinity, immobilized metal affinity, sugar-based affinity, protein A affinity, protein G affinity, aptamer affinity, enzyme affinity, and other miscellanea. ACE involving affinity interaction in free solution is not covered in this review article. Also, affinity-based separations involving chiral recognition are not the subject of this review article because they are the topic of a more specialized review article on chiral separations in this special issue. A total of 31 papers published in the period 1998-2006 have been discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred M Okanda
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-3071, USA
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24
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Ravelet C, Grosset C, Peyrin E. Liquid chromatography, electrochromatography and capillary electrophoresis applications of DNA and RNA aptamers. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1117:1-10. [PMID: 16647074 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Revised: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 03/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) process has allowed the isolation of oligonucleotide sequences (referred as aptamers) with the capacity to recognize various classes of target molecules with high affinity and specificity. At the present time, various analytical aptamer-based formats have been developed as suitable tools for the detection and quantification of numerous targets, possessing many potential advantages over the most popular antibody technology. In this review, the aptamer applicability to the separation, purification and quantification of various analytes by liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and electrochromatography is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Ravelet
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire UMR 5063 CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble FR 2607, Université Joseph Fourier, UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Avenue de Verdun, 38240 Meylan, France
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25
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Connor AC, McGown LB. Aptamer stationary phase for protein capture in affinity capillary chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1111:115-9. [PMID: 16569569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Revised: 04/14/2005] [Accepted: 05/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The thrombin-binding DNA aptamer was used with thrombin as a model system to investigate protein capture using aptamer stationary phases in affinity capillary chromatography. The aptamer was covalently attached to the inner surface of a bare fused-silica glass capillary to serve as the stationary phase. Proteins were loaded onto the capillary via an applied pressure. The capillary was then washed to remove unbound and non-specifically associated proteins. Finally, the bound protein was released and eluted using 20 mM Tris buffer containing 8 M urea, pH 7.3, at 50 degrees C. Eluate was collected after each step (load, wash and elute) and relative amounts of protein each were compared using fluorescence spectroscopy. The identity of the protein in the collections was confirmed using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The experiment was repeated for thrombin on a bare (unmodified) capillary and a capillary coated with a scrambled-sequence, non-G-quartet forming oligonucleotide that does not bind with thrombin. The results show that the aptamer stationary phase captures approximately three times as much thrombin as the control columns. The experiment was also repeated using human serum albumin (HSA) alone and in an equimolar mixture with thrombin. HSA was not retained on the aptamer capillary, nor did it affect the capture of thrombin from the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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