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P S A, Thadathil DA, George L, Varghese A. Food Additives and Evolved Methods of Detection: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-20. [PMID: 39015954 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2372501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Food additives are essential constituents of food products in the modern world. The necessity of food processing went up rapidly as to meet requirements including, imparting desirable properties like preservation, enhancement and regulation of color and taste. The methods of identification and analysis of such substances are crucial. With the advancement of technology, a variety of techniques are emerging for this purpose which have many advantages over the existing conventional ways. This review is on different kinds of additives used in the food industry and few prominent methods for their determination ranging from conventional chromatographic techniques to the recently evolved nano-sensor techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiswarya P S
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Louis George
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
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2
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Pukleš I, Páger C, Sakač N, Matasović B, Kovač-Andrić E, Šarkanj B, Samardžić M, Budetić M, Molnárová K, Marković D, Vesinger A, Jozanović M. A new green approach to L-histidine and β-alanine analysis in dietary supplements using rapid and simple contactless conductivity detection integrated with high-resolution glass-microchip electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:3605-3617. [PMID: 38713223 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The analysis of dietary supplements is far less regulated than pharmaceuticals, leading to potential quality issues. Considering their positive effect, many athletes consume supplements containing L-histidine and β-alanine. A new microfluidic method for the determination of L-histidine and β-alanine in dietary supplement formulations has been developed. For the first time, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection was employed for the microchip electrophoresis of amino acids in real samples. A linear relationship between detector response and concentration was observed in the range of 10-100 µmol L-1 for L-histidine (R2 = 0.9968) and β-alanine (R2 = 0.9954), while achieved limits of detection (3 × S/N ratio) were 4.2 µmol L-1 and 5.2 µmol L-1, respectively. The accuracy of the method was confirmed using recovery experiments as well as CE-UV-VIS and HPLC-UV-VIS techniques. The developed method allows unambiguous identification of amino acids in native form without chemical derivatization and with the possibility of simultaneous analysis of amino acids with metal cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Pukleš
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Csilla Páger
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nikola Sakač
- Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Hallerova 7, HR-42000, Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Brunislav Matasović
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Elvira Kovač-Andrić
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Bojan Šarkanj
- Department of Food Technology, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, HR-48000, Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Mirela Samardžić
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mateja Budetić
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Katarína Molnárová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Dean Marković
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ana Vesinger
- Pirelli Deutschland GmbH, Höchster Straße 48-60, 64747, Breuberg, Germany
| | - Marija Jozanović
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia.
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
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Pukleš I, Páger C, Sakač N, Šarkanj B, Matasović B, Samardžić M, Budetić M, Marković D, Jozanović M. Electrophoretic Determination of L-Carnosine in Health Supplements Using an Integrated Lab-on-a-Chip Platform with Contactless Conductivity Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14705. [PMID: 37834151 PMCID: PMC10572305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The health supplement industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world, but there is a lack of suitable analytical methods for the determination of active compounds in health supplements such as peptides. The present work describes an implementation of contactless conductivity detection on microchip technology as a new strategy for the electrophoretic determination of L-carnosine in complex health supplement formulations without pre-concentration and derivatization steps. The best results were obtained in the case of +1.00 kV applied for 20 s for injection and +2.75 kV applied for 260 s for the separation step. Under the selected conditions, a linear detector response of 5 × 10-6 to 5 × 10-5 M was achieved. L-carnosine retention time was 61 s. The excellent reproducibility of both migration time and detector response confirmed the high precision of the method. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by the determination of L-carnosine in three different samples of health supplements. The recoveries ranged from 91 to 105%. Subsequent analysis of the samples by CE-UV-VIS and HPLC-DAD confirmed the accuracy of the obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Pukleš
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.P.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Útja, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csilla Páger
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Honvéd Utca 1, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Nikola Sakač
- Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Hallerova 7, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Bojan Šarkanj
- Department of Food Technology, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia;
| | - Brunislav Matasović
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.P.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Mirela Samardžić
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.P.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mateja Budetić
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.P.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dean Marković
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Marija Jozanović
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.P.); (B.M.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Raja L, Venkatesan S, Lin MC, Vediappen P. Green synthesis of naphthyl derivative as an optical sensor for the detection of l-carnitine in food samples. LUMINESCENCE 2023; 38:224-231. [PMID: 36602149 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An economical and green approach to the synthesis of naphthyl derivative for detection of l-carnitine (3-hydroxy-4-N-trimethyl-aminobutyrate) is practically important. We developed a naphthyl derivative as a probe showing 'turn-on' response towards l-carnitine selectively at pH 7.2 through ICT mechanism with a good limit of detection (LOD) of 0.126 μM. Using Job's plot for determining the binding stoichiometry, it was found that probe could form a more stable complex (1:1) with carnitine. The binding constant (K) between probe and carnitine was calculated as 8 × 107 M-1 using the Benesi-Hildebrand plot. The binding interaction of the probe with l-carnitine was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance titrations, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, photo physical studies and density functional theory calculations. Meanwhile, the probe can be used to quantitatively detect carnitine in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Raja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Srinivasadesikan Venkatesan
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Sciences and Humanities, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ming-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Padmini Vediappen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
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Ruiz-Muelle AB, Díaz Navarro C, Fernández I. Quantitative Quadrupolar NMR (qQNMR) via nitrogen-14 for the accurate control of L-carnitine in food supplements. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 210:114548. [PMID: 34959006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A qQNMR methodology using nitrogen-14 as the quadrupolar nucleus of choice has been introduced for the first time as a robust and validated method to determine and quantify L-carnitine in food supplements. The quantification has been carried out by the alternative use of a calibration curve or by addition of ammonium chloride as internal standard. The method was validated at seven concentration levels in the range of 5.58-99.26 mM, affording intra- and inter day accuracies lower than 6.84% (expressed in CV), robustness towards temperature and recycle delay, limit of detection (LOD) of 2.48 mM, limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5.58 mM and remarkably with absence of matrix effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Ruiz-Muelle
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Concepción Díaz Navarro
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain.
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Capillary and microchip electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection for analysis of foodstuffs and beverages. Food Chem 2021; 375:131858. [PMID: 34923397 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The paper provides a comprehensive survey of the use of capillary and microchip electrophoresis in combination with contactless conductivity detection (C4D) for the analysis of drinking water, beverages and foodstuffs. The introduction sets forth the fundamentals of conductivity detection anddescribes an axialC4Dversion. There is also a detailed discussion of the determination of inorganic ions, organic acids, fatty acids, amino acids, amines, carbohydrates, foreign substances and poisons from the standpoint of separation conditions, sample treatment and detection limits. Special attention is paid to the analysis of foodstuffs at microchips with emphasis on the employed material and connection of the microchip with the C4D. The review attempts to draw attention to modern trends, such as dual-opposite injection, field-enhanced sample injection, electromembrane extraction and on-line combination of microdialysis with CE. CE/C4D is characterised by high universality, high speed of analysis, simple sample preparation, small consumption of sample and other chemicals.
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Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Nazhand A, Souto SB, Silva AM, Severino P, Souto EB, Santini A. The Nutraceutical Value of Carnitine and Its Use in Dietary Supplements. Molecules 2020; 25:E2127. [PMID: 32370025 PMCID: PMC7249051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnitine can be considered a conditionally essential nutrient for its importance in human physiology. This paper provides an updated picture of the main features of carnitine outlining its interest and possible use. Particular attention has been addressed to its beneficial properties, exploiting carnitine's properties and possible use by considering the main in vitro, in animal, and human studies. Moreover, the main aspects of carnitine-based dietary supplements have been indicated and defined with reference to their possible beneficial health properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy;
| | - Amirhossein Nazhand
- Department of Biotechnology, Sari Agriculture Science and Natural Resource University, 9th km of Farah Abad Road, Sari 48181 68984, Mazandaran, Iran;
| | - Selma B. Souto
- Department of Endocrinology of Hospital São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil;
- Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA 02125, USA
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via. D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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8
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Ringseis R, Keller J, Eder K. Basic mechanisms of the regulation of L-carnitine status in monogastrics and efficacy of L-carnitine as a feed additive in pigs and poultry. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:1686-1719. [PMID: 29992642 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A great number of studies have investigated the potential of L-carnitine as feed additive to improve performance of different monogastric and ruminant livestock species, with, however, discrepant outcomes. In order to understand the reasons for these discrepant outcomes, it is important to consider the determinants of L-carnitine status and how L-carnitine status is regulated in the animal's body. While it is a long-known fact that L-carnitine is endogenously biosynthesized in certain tissues, it was only recently recognized that critical determinants of L-carnitine status, such as intestinal L-carnitine absorption, tissue L-carnitine uptake, endogenous L-carnitine synthesis and renal L-carnitine reabsorption, are regulated by specific nutrient sensing nuclear receptors. This review aims to give a more in-depth understanding of the basic mechanisms of the regulation of L-carnitine status in monogastrics taking into account the most recent evidence on nutrient sensing nuclear receptors and evaluates the efficacy of L-carnitine as feed additive in monogastric livestock by providing an up-to-date overview about studies with L-carnitine supplementation in pigs and poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ringseis
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Janine Keller
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Klaus Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
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Andrianova MS, Kuznetsov EV, Grudtsov VP, Kuznetsov AE. CMOS-compatible biosensor for L-carnitine detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 119:48-54. [PMID: 30098466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A CMOS-compatible ISFET with a Ta2O5 sensitive surface was developed. The structure was optimized for achieving high sensitivity using a subthreshold operation mode and by reducing the influence of the capacitances on the value of subthreshold swing. The developed ISFET was used as a basis for a biosensor for L-carnitine detection. To this end, carnitine acetyltransferase was immobilized on the ISFET sensitive surface. The immobilized enzyme was active (0.082 U/g model plate). The complete microsystem, consisting of a packaged chip, an immobilized enzyme and a microfluidic channel, detected L-carnitine at a range of 0.2-100 μM with a LOD of 0.2 μM. The biosensor response was linear in the range of 0.2-50 μM of L-carnitine with sensitivity 18.0 ± 1.7 mV/μM. An experiment with artificial urine containing 1.3 μM L-carnitine showed that the proposed biosensor could be used on a real sample. Therefore, a new sensor specially optimized for biosensing CMOS-compatible ISFET structures and direct determination of L-carnitine with immobilized carnitine acetyltransferase was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Andrianova
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E V Kuznetsov
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Grudtsov
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia
| | - A E Kuznetsov
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia
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Rocco A, Donati E, Touloupakis E, Aturki Z. Miniaturized separation techniques as analytical methods to ensure quality and safety of dietary supplements. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Rapid and Sensitive Determination of L-carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine in Liquid Milk Samples with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Using Indirect UV Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Isaguirre AC, Acosta G, Cerutti S, Fernandez LP. New flow injection method for quality control of dietary supplements containing l-carnitine using extraction mediated by sodium taurodeoxycholate coacervate coupled to molecular fluorescence. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Chen YC, Tsai CJ, Feng CH. Fluorescent derivatization combined with aqueous solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of butyrobetaine, l-carnitine and acetyl-l-carnitine in human plasma. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1464:32-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Campos CDM, deCampos Braga PA, Reyes FGR, daSilva JAF. Elimination of the artefact peaks in capillary electrophoresis determination of glutamate by using organic solvents in sample preparation. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3781-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Alberto Fracassi daSilva
- Chemistry Institute; State University of Campinas; Campinas SP Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Bioanalítica (INCTBio); Campinas SP Brazil
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15
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Capillary electrophoresis determination of non-protein amino acids as quality markers in foods. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1428:97-114. [PMID: 26233255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-protein amino acids mainly exist in food as products formed during food processing, as metabolic intermediates or as additives to increase nutritional and functional properties of food. This fact makes their analysis and determination an attractive field in food science since they can give interesting information on the quality and safety of foods. This article presents a comprehensive review devoted to describe the latest advances in the development of (achiral and chiral) analytical methodologies by capillary electrophoresis and microchip capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of non-protein amino acids in a variety of food samples. Most relevant information related to sample treatment, experimental separation and detection conditions, preconcentration strategies and limits of detection will be provided.
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16
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Novakova K, Kummer O, Bouitbir J, Stoffel SD, Hoerler-Koerner U, Bodmer M, Roberts P, Urwyler A, Ehrsam R, Krähenbühl S. Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on the body carnitine pool, skeletal muscle energy metabolism and physical performance in male vegetarians. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:207-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Rapid separation of fatty acids using a poly(vinyl alcohol) coated capillary in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2072-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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18
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Ansari K, Ying JYS, Hauser PC, de Rooij NF, Rodriguez I. A portable lab-on-a-chip instrument based on MCE with dual top-bottom capacitive coupled contactless conductivity detector in replaceable cell cartridge. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:1390-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kambiz Ansari
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering; A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore; Singapore
| | - Jasmine Yuen Shu Ying
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering; A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore; Singapore
| | - Peter C. Hauser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; Basel; Switzerland
| | - Nico F. de Rooij
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Institute of Microengineering, Sensors; Actuators and Microsystems Laboratory Samlab; Neuchatel; Switzerland
| | - Isabel Rodriguez
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering; A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore; Singapore
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Kubáň P, Hauser PC. Contactless conductivity detection for analytical techniques: Developments from 2010 to 2012. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:55-69. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Peter C. Hauser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; Basel; Switzerland
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Mark JJP, Scholz R, Matysik FM. Electrochemical methods in conjunction with capillary and microchip electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1267:45-64. [PMID: 22824222 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Electromigrative techniques such as capillary and microchip electrophoresis (CE and MCE) are inherently associated with various electrochemical phenomena. The electrolytic processes occurring in the buffer reservoirs have to be considered for a proper design of miniaturized electrophoretic systems and a suitable selection of buffer composition. In addition, the control of the electroosmotic flow plays a crucial role for the optimization of CE/MCE separations. Electroanalytical methods have significant importance in the field of detection in conjunction with CE/MCE. At present, amperometric detection and contactless conductivity detection are the predominating electrochemical detection methods for CE/MCE. This paper reviews the most recent trends in the field of electrochemical detection coupled to CE/MCE. The emphasis is on methodical developments and new applications that have been published over the past five years. A rather new way for the implementation of electrochemical methods into CE systems is the concept of electrochemically assisted injection which involves the electrochemical conversions of analytes during the injection step. This approach is particularly attractive in hyphenation to mass spectrometry (MS) as it widens the range of CE-MS applications. An overview of recent developments of electrochemically assisted injection coupled to CE is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J P Mark
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Abstract
AbstractCapillary electrophoresis (CE) is an attractive technique in separation science because of its high separation performance, short analysis time and low cost. Electrochemical detection (EC) is a powerful tool for CE because of its high sensitivity. In this review, developments of CE-EC from 2008 to August, 2011 are reviewed. We choose papers of innovative and novel results to demonstrate the newest and most important progress in CE-EC.
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Elbashir AA, Aboul-Enein HY. Recent advances in applications of capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C⁴D): an update. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:990-1000. [PMID: 22430262 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis with a capacitively contactless conductivity detector (CE-C⁴D) is becoming a significant useful technique for the analysis of analytes in various fields such as pharmaceutical, biomedical, food and environmental. This review is an update describing the recent developments in the application of CE with a C⁴D detector.
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Castro-Puyana M, García-Cañas V, Simó C, Cifuentes A. Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics. Electrophoresis 2011; 33:147-67. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Pormsila W, Morand R, Krähenbühl S, Hauser PC. Capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection for the determination of carnitine and acylcarnitines in clinical samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:921-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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