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Soman SS, Samad SA, Venugopalan P, Kumawat N, Kumar S. Microfluidic paper analytic device (μPAD) technology for food safety applications. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:031501. [PMID: 38706979 PMCID: PMC11068414 DOI: 10.1063/5.0192295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens, food adulterants, allergens, and toxic chemicals in food can cause major health hazards to humans and animals. Stringent quality control measures at all stages of food processing are required to ensure food safety. There is, therefore, a global need for affordable, reliable, and rapid tests that can be conducted at different process steps and processing sites, spanning the range from the sourcing of food to the end-product acquired by the consumer. Current laboratory-based food quality control tests are well established, but many are not suitable for rapid on-site investigations and are costly. Microfluidic paper analytical devices (μPADs) are a fast-growing field in medical diagnostics that can fill these gaps. In this review, we describe the latest developments in the applications of microfluidic paper analytic device (μPAD) technology in the food safety sector. State-of-the-art μPAD designs and fabrication methods, microfluidic assay principles, and various types of μPAD devices with food-specific applications are discussed. We have identified the prominent research and development trends and future directions for maximizing the value of microfluidic technology in the food sector and have highlighted key areas for improvement. We conclude that the μPAD technology is promising in food safety applications by using novel materials and improved methods to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of the assays, with low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soja Saghar Soman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, UAE
| | - Shafeek Abdul Samad
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, UAE
| | | | - Nityanand Kumawat
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, UAE
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Kumari R, Singh A, Azad UP, Chandra P. Insights into the Fabrication and Electrochemical Aspects of Paper Microfluidics-Based Biosensor Module. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:891. [PMID: 37754125 PMCID: PMC10526938 DOI: 10.3390/bios13090891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the past ten years, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (micro-PADs) have attracted a lot of attention as a viable analytical platform. It is expanding as a result of advances in manufacturing processes and device integration. Conventional microfluidics approaches have some drawbacks, including high costs, lengthy evaluation times, complicated fabrication, and the necessity of experienced employees. Hence, it is extremely important to construct a detection system that is quick, affordable, portable, and efficient. Nowadays, micro-PADs are frequently employed, particularly in electrochemical analyses, to replicate the classic standard laboratory experiments on a miniature paper chip. It has benefits like rapid assessment, small sample consumption, quick reaction, accuracy, and multiplex function. The goal of this review is to examine modern paper microfluidics-based electrochemical sensing devices for the detection of macromolecules, small molecules, and cells in a variety of real samples. The design and fabrication of micro-PADs using conventional and the latest techniques have also been discussed in detail. Lastly, the limitations and potential of these analytical platforms are examined in order to shed light on future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Kumari
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Uday Pratap Azad
- Laboratory of Nanoelectrochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India;
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.K.); (A.S.)
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Faustino LC, Cunha JPC, Cantanhêde W, Kubota LT, Gerôncio ETS. 3D-printed holder for drawing highly reproducible pencil-on-paper electrochemical devices. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:338. [PMID: 37522993 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05920-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Pencil drawing is one of the simplest and most cost-effective ways of fabricating miniaturized electrodes on a paper substrate. However, it is limited by the lack of reproducibility regarding the electrode drawing process. A 3D-printed pencil holder (3DPH) is proposed here for simple, reproducible, and low-cost hand-drawn fabrication of paper-based electrochemical devices. 3DPH was designed to keep pressure and angulation of the graphite mine constant on the paper substrate using a micromechanical pencil regardless of the user/operator. This approach significantly improved the reproducibility and cost of making reliable pencil-drawn electrodes. The results showed high reproducibility and accuracy of the 3DPH-assisted electrodes prepared by 4 different operators in terms of sheet resistance and electrochemical behavior. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) curves in the presence of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- redox probe showed only 3.9% variation for the anodic peak currents of different electrodes prepared by different operators when compared with electrodes prepared without the 3D-printed support. SEM analyses revealed a more uniform graphite deposition/design of the electrodes prepared with 3DPH, which corroborates the results obtained by CV. As a proof of concept, 3DPH-assisted pencil-drawn graphite electrodes were employed for dopamine detection in synthetic saliva, showing a proportional increase in anodic peak current at 0.12 V vs. carbon pRE with increasing dopamine (DA) concentration, with a detection limit of 0.39μmol L-1. Moreover recovery was in the range 93-104% of DA (4-7% RSD) in synthetic saliva for three different concentrations, demonstrating the reliability of the approach. Finally, we believe this approach can make pencil-drawn technology more robust, accessible, reliable, and inexpensive for real on-site applications, especially in hard-to-reach locations or research centers with little investment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas C Faustino
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - João P C Cunha
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Piauí - UESPI, Teresina, PI, 64002-150, Brazil
| | - Welter Cantanhêde
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Lauro T Kubota
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Everson T S Gerôncio
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil.
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Piauí - UESPI, Teresina, PI, 64002-150, Brazil.
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4
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Musile G, Grazioli C, Fornasaro S, Dossi N, De Palo EF, Tagliaro F, Bortolotti F. Application of Paper-Based Microfluidic Analytical Devices (µPAD) in Forensic and Clinical Toxicology: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:743. [PMID: 37504142 PMCID: PMC10377625 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The need for providing rapid and, possibly, on-the-spot analytical results in the case of intoxication has prompted researchers to develop rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective methods and analytical devices suitable for use in nonspecialized laboratories and at the point of need (PON). In recent years, the technology of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) has undergone rapid development and now provides a feasible, low-cost alternative to traditional rapid tests for detecting harmful compounds. In fact, µPADs have been developed to detect toxic molecules (arsenic, cyanide, ethanol, and nitrite), drugs, and drugs of abuse (benzodiazepines, cathinones, cocaine, fentanyl, ketamine, MDMA, morphine, synthetic cannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol, and xylazine), and also psychoactive substances used for drug-facilitated crimes (flunitrazepam, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), ketamine, metamizole, midazolam, and scopolamine). The present report critically evaluates the recent developments in paper-based devices, particularly in detection methods, and how these new analytical tools have been tested in forensic and clinical toxicology, also including future perspectives on their application, such as multisensing paper-based devices, microfluidic paper-based separation, and wearable paper-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Musile
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Cristian Grazioli
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Fornasaro
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Elio Franco De Palo
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Franco Tagliaro
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomics Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Federica Bortolotti
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Holman JB, Shi Z, Fadahunsi AA, Li C, Ding W. Advances on microfluidic paper-based electroanalytical devices. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 63:108093. [PMID: 36603801 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of the first electrochemical devices on paper substrates, many different reports of microfluidic paper-based electroanalytical devices (μPEDs), innovative hydrophobic barriers and electrode fabrication processes have allowed the incorporation of diverse materials, resulting in different applications and a boost in performance. These advancements have led to the creation of paper-based devices with comparable performance to many standard conventional devices, with the added benefits of pumpless fluidic transport, component separation and reagent storage that can be exploited to automate and handle sample preprocessing. Herein, we review μPEDs, summarize the characteristics and functionalities of μPEDs, such as separation, fluid flow control and storage, and outline the conventional and emerging fabrication and modification approaches for μPEDs. We also examine the recent application of μPEDs in biomedicine, the environment, and food and water safety, as well as some limitations and challenges that must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Benjamin Holman
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zhengdi Shi
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Adeola A Fadahunsi
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Chengpan Li
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Weiping Ding
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China.
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Das S, Chakraborty S. Simultaneous quantitative detection of hematocrit and hemoglobin from whole blood using a multiplexed paper sensor with a smartphone interface. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:318-329. [PMID: 36562505 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report a highly accurate single-step label-free testing technology for simultaneous and independent hematocrit (Hct) and hemoglobin (Hb) level detection from a drop of whole blood by employing a disposable paper strip sensor interfaced with a portable impedimetric device. The paper strip is fabricated by in situ automated printing of a customized electrode template on the non-glossy side of a commercially available photo paper substrate followed by graphite deposition. The integrated platform device technology additionally includes a compact detection cum readout unit comprising a high precision impedance converter system that combines an on-board frequency generator with an analog-to-digital converter evaluation board, collectively interfaced with a central processor, calibration circuit, and smartphone. Employing a dispensed blood sample volume of 25 μL, the device is shown to have a sensitivity of 92 Ω/Hct and 287 Ω/Hb at an optimal frequency of 57 kHz. The respective linear response regimes appear to be wide enough to cover physiologically relevant limits, with excellent stability and reproducibility. Validation with clinical samples reveals limits of detection of Hct and Hb levels as low as 4.66% and 1.89 g dL-1, respectively, which are beyond the quantitative capability of commonly used affordable point of care test kits. The envisaged paradigm of rapid, robust, highly accurate, energy-efficient, simple, user-friendly, multiplex portable detection, obviating any possible ambiguities in interpretation due to common artefacts of colorimetric detection technologies such as optical interference with the image analytical procedure due to the inherent redness of blood samples and background illumination, renders this ideal for deployment in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, West Bengal, India.
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A fully handwritten-on-paper copper nanoparticle ink-based electroanalytical sweat glucose biosensor fabricated using dual-step pencil and pen approach. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1227:340257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Latex-Based Paper Devices with Super Solvent Resistance for On-the-Spot Detection of Metanil Yellow in Food Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe following paper presents a construct for a paper-based device which utilizes latex as the hydrophobic material for the fabrication of its hydrophobic barrier, which was deposited onto the cellulose surface either by free-hand or stenciled drawing. This method demands the least amount of expertise and time from its use, enabling a simple and rapid fabrication experience. Several properties of the hydrophobic material were characterized, such as the hydro head and penetration rate, with the aim of assessing its robustness and stability. The presented hydrophobic barriers fabricated using this approach have a barrier width of 4 mm, a coating thickness of 208 µm, and a hydrophilic resolution of 446.5 µm. This fabrication modality boasts an excellent solvent resistance with regard to the hydrophobic barrier. These devices were employed for on-the-spot detection of Metanil Yellow, a banned food adulterant often used in curcumin and pigeon peas, within successful limits of detection (LOD) of 0.5% (w/w) and 0.25% (w/w), respectively. These results indicate the great potential this fabricated hydrophobic device has in numerous paper-based applications and other closely related domains, such as diagnostics and sensing, signalling its capacity to become commonplace in both industrial and domestic settings.
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Ray R, Prabhu A, Prasad D, Garlapati VK, Aminabhavi TM, Mani NK, Simal-Gandara J. Paper-based microfluidic devices for food adulterants: Cost-effective technological monitoring systems. Food Chem 2022; 390:133173. [PMID: 35594772 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Analytical sciences have witnessed emergent techniques for efficient clinical and industrial food adulterants detection. In this review, the contributions made by the paper-based devices are highlighted for efficient and rapid detection of food adulterants and additives, which is the need of the hour and how different categories of techniques have been developed in the past decade for upgrading the performance for point-of-care testing. A simple strategy with an arrangement for detecting specific adulterants followed by the addition of samples to obtain well-defined qualitative or quantitative signals for confirming the presence of target species. The paper-based microfluidics-based technology advances and prospects for food adulterant detection are discussed given the high-demand from the food sectors and serve as a valued technology for food researchers working in interdisciplinary technological frontiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitraj Ray
- Microfluidics, Sensors and Diagnostics (µSenD) Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Anusha Prabhu
- Microfluidics, Sensors and Diagnostics (µSenD) Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Dinesh Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Garlapati
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173234, India.
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka 580 031, India; School of Engineering, UPES, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 007, India.
| | - Naresh Kumar Mani
- Microfluidics, Sensors and Diagnostics (µSenD) Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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10
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Ibrahim OA, Navarro-Segarra M, Sadeghi P, Sabaté N, Esquivel JP, Kjeang E. Microfluidics for Electrochemical Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:7236-7266. [PMID: 34995463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical energy conversion is an important supplement for storage and on-demand use of renewable energy. In this regard, microfluidics offers prospects to raise the efficiency and rate of electrochemical energy conversion through enhanced mass transport, flexible cell design, and ability to eliminate the physical ion-exchange membrane, an essential yet costly element in conventional electrochemical cells. Since the 2002 invention of the microfluidic fuel cell, the research field of microfluidics for electrochemical energy conversion has expanded into a great variety of cell designs, fabrication techniques, and device functions with a wide range of utility and applications. The present review aims to comprehensively synthesize the best practices in this field over the past 20 years. The underlying fundamentals and research methods are first summarized, followed by a complete assessment of all research contributions wherein microfluidics was proactively utilized to facilitate energy conversion in conjunction with electrochemical cells, such as fuel cells, flow batteries, electrolysis cells, hybrid cells, and photoelectrochemical cells. Moreover, emerging technologies and analytical tools enabled by microfluidics are also discussed. Lastly, opportunities for future research directions and technology advances are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Ibrahim
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada.,Fuelium S.L., Edifici Eureka, Av. Can Domènech S/N, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Marina Navarro-Segarra
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Pardis Sadeghi
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada
| | - Neus Sabaté
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Esquivel
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain.,BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Erik Kjeang
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada
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Couple batch-injection analysis and microfluidic paper-based analytical device: A simple and disposable alternative to conventional BIA apparatus. Talanta 2021; 240:123201. [PMID: 34998146 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Under controlled dispersion conditions, sample injection towards a detector opened essential fields for the Analytical Chemistry fast development methods. Flow injection analysis (FIA) and batch injection analysis (BIA) systems are crucial for injecting the sample in these analytical methods. The BIA system eliminated the flow manifold, with samples injected directly onto the detector inside the batch injection cell. Paper was slightly evaluated coupled to FIA, and no reports were found associated with BIA. Still, it can potentially reduce the BIA manifold by removing the batch injection cell based on the capillarity properties to disperse the injected solution over the detection system. Hence, this article reported the first work coupling batch-injection analysis and microfluidic paper-based analytical device (BIA-μPAD) with pencil-drawn electrodes directly attached to the paper using a CO2 laser pre-treated chromatographic paper. The laser pretreatment of the paper (optimized conditions: 6.5% laser power, 12 mm s-1 scan rate, and 12 mm output distance) was essential to enhance the electrochemical response for ferri/ferrocyanide redox couple and paracetamol (PAR), as shown by spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The proposed BIA-μPAD was evaluated using pharmaceutical paracetamol samples as proof-of-concept (optimized conditions: 15 μL injected volume and 6.4 μL s-1 dispensing rate), obtaining good linearity (R = 0.9961) and recovery values ranging from 95 to 103%. Repeatability (n = 16) and reproducibility (n = 9) tests with 1 mmol L-1 PAR also presented well relative standard deviation (RSD) results of 5.1% and 6.6%, respectively. A sampling frequency of 76 h-1 was obtained, which is a similar value compared with conventional BIA apparatus. Limits of detection and quantification were estimated in 0.046 and 0.154 mmol L-1, respectively. Additionally, an improvement in the current response and the sample throughput was observed when comparing FIA and BIA-μPADs, attesting the applicability of the proposed device and opening for new possibilities related to paper-based devices coupled with flow techniques.
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12
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Patel RP, Pataniya PM, Patel M, Sumesh CK. WSe 2crystals on paper: flexible, large area and broadband photodetectors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:505202. [PMID: 34525463 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac26fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The paper-based photodetector has recently captivated a great deal of attention in various opto-electronics applications because of facile, cost effective and green synthesis. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides materials are promising for photodetection under the broad spectral range. In this work, we have fabricated paper-based device by rubbing the tungsten di-selenide (WSe2) crystals on paper substrate. Low-cost, facile and green synthesis technique was employed to make a high-performance paper-based WSe2photodetector. Paper-based photodetector was fabricated via non-toxic simply rubbing process of WSe2nanosheets on low-cost bio-degradable paper. The photodetector shows good responsivity of 72.5 μA W-1and detectivity at around 2.4 × 107Jones at very low bias (1.0 V) at wavelength of 780 nm, respectively. Due to good photo-absorption strength, photodetector exhibits excellent photo-response over wide wavelength range from visible to near infrared. This device also shows very good flexibility with a stable photo-response. This device shows a general and reliable study for the design of photodetectors that is eco-friendly and cost-effective. Overall studied results of the fabricated device indicate that they have the ability to be used in large-scale preparation of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul P Patel
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Pratik M Pataniya
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Meswa Patel
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - C K Sumesh
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
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13
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Musile G, Agard Y, Wang L, De Palo EF, McCord B, Tagliaro F. Paper-based microfluidic devices: On-site tools for crime scene investigation. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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14
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Non-invasive wearable chemical sensors in real-life applications. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1179:338643. [PMID: 34535258 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, non-invasive wearable chemical sensors have gained tremendous attention in the field of personal health monitoring and medical diagnosis. These sensors provide non-invasive, real-time, and continuous monitoring of targeted biomarkers with more simplicity than the conventional diagnostic approaches. This review primarily describes the substrate materials used for sensor fabrication, sample collection and handling, and analytical detection techniques that are utilized to detect biomarkers in different biofluids. Common substrates including paper, textile, and hydrogel for wearable sensor fabrication are discussed. Principles and applications of colorimetric and electrochemical detection in wearable chemical sensors are illustrated. Data transmission systems enabling wireless communication between the sensor and output devices are also discussed. Finally, examples of different designs of wearable chemical sensors including tattoos, garments, and accessories are shown. Successful development of non-invasive wearable chemical sensors will effectively help users to manage their personal health, predict the potential diseases, and eventually improve the overall quality of life.
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15
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O Kare SP, Das D, Chaudhury K, Das S. Hand-drawn electrode based disposable paper chip for artificial sweat analysis using impedance spectroscopy. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:42. [PMID: 34468895 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Low cost, disposable paper based electrical sensor to examine the analyte concentration in an extremely small volume of sample solution is essential for environmental and healthcare applications. For the development of paper based devices, sophisticated instruments are essential to pattern electrode on the top surface of the paper. In most cases, such fabricated device results in direct contact with the analyte solution on the surface of the electrode during electrical detection and leads to high electrical double layer capacitance. In this work, we have focused to reduce the double layer capacitance by fabricating hand drawn electrode paper sensor utilising the reverse side of the paper. This design acts as a sample storage and facilitate impedimetric sensing of ionic concentration of analyte solution using a few microlitre. Droplet formation at the bottom of the paper in the confined area is visually monitored to reduce sample wastage. The interaction between two different electrode materials (graphite and silver) on the paper substrate with the different volume and concentration of the electrolyte is analysed to improve the robustness and sensitivity of the measurement. Simultaneously, we observed a reduction in the electrical double layer effect on the low sample volumes. The proposed paper based sensor shows the enhanced impedance stability on silver electrode patterned paper chip than graphite electrode paper chip to detect the different ionic concentration of artificial sweat sample. Finally, it demonstrates that paper chip has great potential as a disposable diagnostics sensor in healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prakasam O Kare
- BioMEMS Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Debanjan Das
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, DSP M IIIT, Naya Raipur, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- Clinical Biomarker Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Soumen Das
- BioMEMS Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
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16
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Rocha DS, Duarte LC, Silva-Neto HA, Chagas CL, Santana MH, Antoniosi Filho NR, Coltro WK. Sandpaper-based electrochemical devices assembled on a reusable 3D-printed holder to detect date rape drug in beverages. Talanta 2021; 232:122408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Vishnu N, Sihorwala AZ, Sharma CS. Paper Based Low‐Cost and Portable Ultrasensitive Electroanalytical Devicefor The Detection of Uric Acid in Human Urine. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandimalla Vishnu
- Department of Chemistry School of Science GITAM Deemed to be University Rudraram 502329 Telangana India
- Creative & Advanced Research Based On Nanomaterials (CARBON) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Telangana India
| | - Ahmed Z. Sihorwala
- Creative & Advanced Research Based On Nanomaterials (CARBON) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Telangana India
| | - Chandra S. Sharma
- Creative & Advanced Research Based On Nanomaterials (CARBON) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Telangana India
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18
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Noviana E, Ozer T, Carrell CS, Link JS, McMahon C, Jang I, Henry CS. Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices: From Design to Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11835-11885. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
| | - Tugba Ozer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey 34220
| | - Cody S. Carrell
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeremy S. Link
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Catherine McMahon
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ilhoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea 04763
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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19
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Abstract
Membraneless microfluidic fuel cells (MMFCs) are being studied extensively as an alternative to batteries and conventional membrane fuel cells because of their simple functioning and lower manufacturing cost. MMFCs use the laminar flow of reactant species (fuel and oxidant) to eliminate the electrolyte membrane, which has conventionally been used to isolate anodic and cathodic half-cell reactions. This review article summarizes the MMFCs with six major categories of flow configurations that have been reported from 2002 to 2020. The discussion highlights the critical factors that affect and limit the performance of MMFCs. Since MMFCs are diffusion-limited, most of this review focuses on how different flow configurations act to reduce or modify diffusive mixing and depletion zones to enhance the power density output. Research opportunities are also pointed out, and the challenges in MMFCs are suggested to improve cell performance and make them practical in the near future.
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20
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Prasertying P, Jantawong N, Sonsa-Ard T, Wongpakdee T, Khoonrueng N, Buking S, Nacapricha D. Gold leaf electrochemical sensors: applications and nanostructure modification. Analyst 2021; 146:1579-1589. [PMID: 33599651 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the first planar three-electrode electrochemical sensor comprising local gold leaf as the working electrode and printed, or hand-drawn, counter and reference electrodes, respectively. The gold leaf was mounted on a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) adhesive sheet (15 mm × 30 mm) and covered with a second PVC sheet printed with the counter and reference electrodes. This sheet has a 3 mm circle and a 2 mm × 3 mm rectangle removed to expose the gold electrode area and electrical contacts, respectively. A third shorter insulating layer with a 10 mm circular hole was placed on top to delineate the sensing area of all electrodes. The sensor displayed expected performances in various modes of operation, such as cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and anodic stripping voltammetry. For the latter mode, the limit of detection of Pb(ii) was 3.2 μg L-1, compliant with regulation for drinking water (10 μg L-1 Pb(ii)). Although designed as a disposable unit, the electrode is effective for up to 200 cycles and applicable for multiple use. The gold leaf was modified by electrodeposition of the gold network and large nano-size gold particles which significantly enhanced the sensitivity of all voltametric sensing, giving lower limits of detection. For stripping voltammetry, the electroplating structure modification improved the simultaneous detection of lead and copper, with the copper response increasing 6-fold. The device has the capability of on-site identification of copper/lead bullets from gunshot residues within 6 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paithoon Prasertying
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand. and Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand and Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Nanthatchaphon Jantawong
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand. and Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Thitaporn Sonsa-Ard
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand. and Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Thinnapong Wongpakdee
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand. and Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Nuttamon Khoonrueng
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand. and Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Supatana Buking
- Office of Police Forensic Science, Royal Thai Police, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Duangjai Nacapricha
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (Firstlabs), Thailand. and Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
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21
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Aquino A, Mayrink Alves Pereira G, Dossi N, Piccin E, Augusti R. Reagent-Pencil and Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry: A Convenient Combination for Selective Analyses in Complex Matrixes. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:281-288. [PMID: 33176096 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The recent developments on fieldable miniature mass spectrometers require efforts to produce easy-to-use and portable alternative tools to assist in point-of-care analysis. In this paper, the reagent-pencil (RP) technology, which has been used for solvent-free deposition of reagents in paper-based microfluidics, was combined with paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS). In this approach, named RP-PS-MS, the PS triangular piece of paper was written with the reagent pencil, consisting of mixtures of graphite and bentonite (used as a support) and a reactive compound, and allowed to react with a given analyte from a sample matrix selectively. We conducted typical applications as proof-of-principles to verify the methodology's general usefulness in detecting small organic molecules in distinct samples. Hence, various aldehydes (2-furaldehyde, valeraldehyde, and benzaldehyde) in spiked cachaça samples (an alcoholic drink produced from fermentation/distillation of sugarcane juice) were promptly detected using a reagent pencil doped with 4-aminophenol (the reactive compound). Similarly, we recognized typical ginsenosides and triacylglycerols (TAGs) in ginseng aqueous infusions and soybean oil samples, respectively, using lithium chloride as the reactive compound. The results indicate that the reagent-pencil methodology is compatible with PS-MS and provides an easy and fast way to detect target analytes in complex samples. The advantage over the usual solution-based deposition of reagents lies in the lack of preparation or carrying different specific solutions for special applications, which can simplify operation, especially in point-of-care analysis with fieldable mass spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Aquino
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Giovana Mayrink Alves Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Udine, I-33100, Italy
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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22
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Silva-Neto HA, Cardoso TMG, McMahon CJ, Sgobbi LF, Henry CS, Coltro WKT. Plug-and-play assembly of paper-based colorimetric and electrochemical devices for multiplexed detection of metals. Analyst 2021; 146:3463-3473. [DOI: 10.1039/d1an00176k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We propose a “plug-and-play” (PnP) assembly for coupling paper-based colorimetric and electrochemical devices for multiplexed detection of metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lívia F. Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal de Goiás
- Goiânia
- Brazil
| | | | - Wendell K. T. Coltro
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal de Goiás
- Goiânia
- Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica
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23
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Lee M, Mazaheri A, van der Zant HSJ, Frisenda R, Castellanos-Gomez A. Drawing WS 2 thermal sensors on paper substrates. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22091-22096. [PMID: 33140811 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Paper based thermoresistive sensors are fabricated by rubbing WS2 powder against a piece of standard copier paper, like the way a pencil is used to write on paper. The abrasion between the layered material and the rough paper surface erodes the material, breaking the weak van der Waals interlayer bonds, yielding a film of interconnected platelets. The resistance of WS2 presents a strong temperature dependence, as expected for a semiconductor material in which charge transport is due to thermally activated carriers. This strong temperature dependence makes the paper supported WS2 devices extremely sensitive to small changes in temperature. This exquisite thermal sensitivity, and their fast response times to sudden temperature changes, is exploited thereby demonstrating the usability of a WS2-on-paper thermal sensor in a respiration monitoring device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lee
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
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24
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Pokpas K, Jahed N, McDonald E, Bezuidenhout P, Smith S, Land K, Iwuoha E. Graphene‐AuNP Enhanced Inkjet‐printed Silver Nanoparticle Paper Electrodes for the Detection of Nickel(II)‐Dimethylglyoxime [Ni(dmgH
2
)] Complexes by Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (AdCSV). ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keagan Pokpas
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry University of the Western Cape Robert Sobukwe Road Bellville 7530 South Africa
| | - Nazeem Jahed
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry University of the Western Cape Robert Sobukwe Road Bellville 7530 South Africa
| | - Earl McDonald
- Electron Microscope Unit, Physics Building University of the Western Cape Robert Sobukwe Road Bellville 7530 South Africa
| | - Petrone Bezuidenhout
- Materials Science and Manufacturing Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Meiring Naude Road, Brummeria Pretoria 0001 South Africa
| | - Suzanne Smith
- Materials Science and Manufacturing Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Meiring Naude Road, Brummeria Pretoria 0001 South Africa
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Engineering University of Pretoria Hatfield 0028 South Africa
| | - Kevin Land
- Materials Science and Manufacturing Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Meiring Naude Road, Brummeria Pretoria 0001 South Africa
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Engineering University of Pretoria Hatfield 0028 South Africa
| | - Emmanuel Iwuoha
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry University of the Western Cape Robert Sobukwe Road Bellville 7530 South Africa
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25
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Baharfar M, Rahbar M, Tajik M, Liu G. Engineering strategies for enhancing the performance of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 167:112506. [PMID: 32823207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Applications of electrochemical detection methods in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) has revolutionized the area of point-of-care (POC) testing towards highly sensitive and selective quantification of various (bio)chemical analytes in a miniaturized, low-coat, rapid, and user-friendly manner. Shortly after the initiation, these relatively new modulations of μPADs, named as electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs), gained widespread popularity within the POC research community thanks to the inherent advantages of both electrochemical sensing and usage of paper as a suitable substrate for POC testing platforms. Even though general aspects of ePADs such as applications and fabrication techniques, have already been reviewed multiple times in the literature, herein, we intend to provide a critical engineering insight into the area of ePADs by focusing particularly on the practical strategies utilized to enhance their analytical performance (i.e. sensitivity), while maintaining the desired simplicity and efficiency intact. Basically, the discussed strategies are driven by considering the parameters potentially affecting the generated electrochemical signal in the ePADs. Some of these parameters include the type of filter paper, electrode fabrication methods, electrode materials, fluid flow patterns, etc. Besides, the limitations and challenges associated with the development of ePADs are discussed, and further insights and directions for future research in this field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahroo Baharfar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad Rahbar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad Tajik
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia.
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26
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Mazaheri A, Lee M, van der Zant HSJ, Frisenda R, Castellanos-Gomez A. MoS 2-on-paper optoelectronics: drawing photodetectors with van der Waals semiconductors beyond graphite. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19068-19074. [PMID: 32568333 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02268c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We fabricate paper-supported semiconducting devices by rubbing a layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) crystal onto a piece of paper, similar to the action of drawing/writing with a pencil on paper. We show that the abrasion between the MoS2 crystal and the paper substrate efficiently exfoliates the crystals, breaking the weak van der Waals interlayer bonds and leading to the deposition of a film of interconnected MoS2 platelets. Employing this simple method, which can be easily extended to other 2D materials, we fabricate MoS2-on-paper broadband photodetectors with spectral sensitivity from the ultraviolet (UV) to the near-infrared (NIR) range. We also used these paper-based photodetectors to acquire pictures of objects by mounting the photodetectors in a homebuilt single-pixel camera setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mazaheri
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
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27
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Mazurkiewicz W, Podrażka M, Jarosińska E, Kappalakandy Valapil K, Wiloch M, Jönsson‐Niedziółka M, Witkowska Nery E. Paper‐Based Electrochemical Sensors and How to Make Them (Work). ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Mazurkiewicz
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Marta Podrażka
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jarosińska
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Wiloch
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Emilia Witkowska Nery
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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28
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Emerging applications of paper-based analytical devices for drug analysis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1116:70-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Hydrogel-filled micropipette contact systems for solid state electrochemical measurements. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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30
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Liu S, Huang Z, Qiao H, Hu R, Ma Q, Huang K, Li H, Qi X. Two-dimensional Bi 2Se 3 nanosheet based flexible infrared photodetector with pencil-drawn graphite electrodes on paper. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:906-912. [PMID: 36133254 PMCID: PMC9418427 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00745h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Flexible optoelectronic devices have been of great significance in recent years, owing to their extensive commercial and military applications. However, the manufacturing processes of most existing flexible photodetectors are particularly complicated and expensive. Employing a facile and low cost way for constructing a high performance flexible infrared photodetector is one of the effective strategies to facilitate its practical applications. Pencil-drawing is a popular method in novel electronic and optoelectronic devices, as it is a low cost and facile fabrication process. Herein, we report a novel flexible infrared photodetector using liquid-exfoliated Bi2Se3 nanosheets as a light sensitive material, pencil-drawn graphite as the electrodes, and paper as the substrate. The as-fabricated photodetector exhibits high photocurrent, excellent responsivity and long-term stability under 1064 nm infrared light irradiation. In addition, as the pencil-drawn photodetector is made of a flexible paper substrate, it also well exhibits stability and durability under bending conditions. This work is proposed to be a route to construct a novel flexible infrared photodetector with a facile manufacturing process and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Zongyu Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Rong Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Qian Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Hongxing Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Qi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 P. R. China
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31
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Terzi F, Grazioli C, Svigelj R, Gobbi F, Bontempelli G. A Simple Strategy for Easily Assembling 3D Printed Miniaturized Cells Suitable for Simultaneous Electrochemical and Spectrophotometric Analyses. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Fabio Terzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological ScienceUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 183 I-41125 Modena Italy
| | - Cristian Grazioli
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Rossella Svigelj
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Filippo Gobbi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Gino Bontempelli
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
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32
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Pradela-Filho LA, Noviana E, Araújo DAG, Takeuchi RM, Santos AL, Henry CS. Rapid Analysis in Continuous-Flow Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Devices. ACS Sens 2020; 5:274-281. [PMID: 31898461 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A simple and low-cost continuous-flow (CF) electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) coupled with thermoplastic electrodes (TPEs) was developed. The fast, continuous flow combined with flow injection analysis was made possible by adding two inlet reservoirs to the same paper-based hollow channel flowing over detection electrodes, terminating in a fan-shaped pumping reservoir. The upstream inlet reservoir was filled with buffer and provided constant flow through the device. Sample injections were performed by adding 2 μL of the sample to the downstream sample inlet. Differences in flow resistance resulted in sample plugs displacing buffer as the solution flowed over the working electrodes. The electrodes were fabricated by mixing carbon black and polycaprolactone (50% w/w). CF-TPE-ePADs were characterized with chronoamperometry using ferrocenylmethyl trimethylammonium as the electrochemical probe. Optimized flow rates and injection volumes gave analysis times roughly an order of magnitude faster than those of previously reported flow injection analysis ePADs. To demonstrate applicability, the CF-TPE-ePADs were used to quantify caffeic acid in three different tea samples. The proposed method had a linear range from 10 to 500 μmol L-1 and limits of detection and quantification of 2.5 and 8.3 μmol L-1, respectively. Our approach is promising for fabricating simple, inexpensive, yet high-performance, flow injection analysis devices using paper substrates and easy-to-make electrodes that do not require external mechanical pumping systems or complicated valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauro A. Pradela-Filho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Eka Noviana
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Diele A. G. Araújo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
| | - Regina M. Takeuchi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
| | - André L. Santos
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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33
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Noviana E, McCord CP, Clark KM, Jang I, Henry CS. Electrochemical paper-based devices: sensing approaches and progress toward practical applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:9-34. [PMID: 31620764 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00903e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based sensors offer an affordable yet powerful platform for field and point-of-care (POC) testing due to their self-pumping ability and utility for many different analytical measurements. When combined with electrochemical detection using small and portable electronics, sensitivity and selectivity of the paper devices can be improved over naked eye detection without sacrificing portability. Herein, we review how the field of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) has grown since it was introduced a decade ago. We start by reviewing fabrication methods relevant to ePADs with more focus given to the electrode fabrication, which is fundamental for electrochemical sensing. Multiple sensing approaches applicable to ePADs are then discussed and evaluated to present applicability, advantages and challenges associated with each approach. Recent applications of ePADs in the fields of clinical diagnostics, environmental testing, and food analysis are also presented. Finally, we discuss how the current ePAD technologies have progressed to meet the analytical and practical specifications required for field and/or POC applications, as well as challenges and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Cynthia P McCord
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Kaylee M Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Ilhoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. and Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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34
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Shen L, Zhang G, Etzold BJM. Paper-Based Microfluidics for Electrochemical Applications. ChemElectroChem 2020; 7:10-30. [PMID: 32025468 PMCID: PMC6988477 DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Paper-based microfluidics is characteristic of fluid transportation through spontaneous capillary action of paper and has exhibited great promise for a variety of applications especially for sensing. Furthermore, paper-based microfluidics enables the design of miniaturized electrochemical devices to be applied in the energy sector, which is especially attractive for the rapid growing market of small size disposable electronics. This review gives a brief summary on the basics of paper chemistry and capillary-driven microfluidic behavior, and highlights recent advances of paper-based microfluidics in developing electrochemical sensing devices and miniaturized energy storage/conversion devices. Their structural features, working principles and exemplary applications are comprehensively elaborated and discussed. Additionally, this review also points out the existing challenges and future opportunities of paper-based microfluidic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu‐Liu Shen
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Straße 864287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Gui‐Rong Zhang
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Straße 864287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Bastian J. M. Etzold
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Straße 864287DarmstadtGermany
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35
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Dias AA, Chagas CLS, Silva-Neto HDA, Lobo-Junior EO, Sgobbi LF, de Araujo WR, Paixão TRLC, Coltro WKT. Environmentally Friendly Manufacturing of Flexible Graphite Electrodes for a Wearable Device Monitoring Zinc in Sweat. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39484-39492. [PMID: 31524381 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors based on graphite and polymers have emerged as powerful analytical tools for bioanalytical applications. However, most of the fabrication processes are not environmentally friendly because they often involve the use of toxic reagents and generate waste. This study describes an alternative method to produce flexible electrodes in plastic substrates using graphite powder and thermal laminating sheets by solid-solid deposition through hot compression, without the use of hazardous chemical reagents. The electrodes developed through the proposed approach have successfully demonstrated flexibility, robustness, reproducibility (relative standard deviation around 6%), and versatility. The electrodes were thoroughly characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. As a proof of concept, the electrode surfaces were modified with bismuth and used for zinc analysis in sweat. The modified electrodes presented linearity (R2 = 0.996) for a wide zinc concentration range (50-2000 ppb) and low detection limit (4.31 ppb). The proposed electrodes were tested using real sweat samples and the achieved zinc concentrations did not differ statistically from the data obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy. To allow wearable applications, a 3D-printed device was fabricated, integrated with the proposed electrochemical system, and fixed at the abdomen by using an elastic tape to collect, store, and analyze the sweat sample. The matrix effect test was performed, spiking the real sample with different zinc levels, and the recovery values varied between 85 and 106%, thus demonstrating adequate accuracy and robustness of the flexible electrodes developed based on the proposed fabrication method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson A Dias
- Instituto de Química , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , Goiás 74690-900 , Brazil
| | - Cyro L S Chagas
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , São Paulo 05508-000 , Brazil
| | | | - Eulício O Lobo-Junior
- Instituto de Química , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , Goiás 74690-900 , Brazil
| | - Lívia F Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , Goiás 74690-900 , Brazil
| | - William R de Araujo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química , Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-970 , Brazil
| | - Thiago R L C Paixão
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , São Paulo 05508-000 , Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica , Campinas , São Paulo 13084-971 , Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , Goiás 74690-900 , Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica , Campinas , São Paulo 13084-971 , Brazil
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36
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Lim H, Jafry AT, Lee J. Fabrication, Flow Control, and Applications of Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices. Molecules 2019; 24:E2869. [PMID: 31394856 PMCID: PMC6721703 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Paper-based microfluidic devices have advanced significantly in recent years as they are affordable, automated with capillary action, portable, and biodegradable diagnostic platforms for a variety of health, environmental, and food quality applications. In terms of commercialization, however, paper-based microfluidics still have to overcome significant challenges to become an authentic point-of-care testing format with the advanced capabilities of analyte purification, multiplex analysis, quantification, and detection with high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, fluid flow manipulation for multistep integration, which involves valving and flow velocity control, is also a critical parameter to achieve high-performance devices. Considering these limitations, the aim of this review is to (i) comprehensively analyze the fabrication techniques of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices, (ii) provide a theoretical background and various methods for fluid flow manipulation, and iii) highlight the recent detection techniques developed for various applications, including their advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosub Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Ali Turab Jafry
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, Pakistan.
| | - Jinkee Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
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37
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Electroanalytical cells pencil drawn on PVC supports and their use for the detection in flexible microfluidic devices. Talanta 2019; 199:14-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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38
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Saadati A, Hassanpour S, Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N, Hassanzadeh A. Immunosensing of breast cancer tumor protein CA 15-3 (carbohydrate antigen 15.3) using a novel nano-bioink: A new platform for screening of proteins in human biofluids by pen-on-paper technology. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:748-758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Noviana E, Klunder KJ, Channon RB, Henry CS. Thermoplastic Electrode Arrays in Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Devices. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2431-2438. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kevin J. Klunder
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Robert B. Channon
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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40
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Gebretsadik T, Belayneh T, Gebremichael S, Linert W, Thomas M, Berhanu T. Recent advances in and potential utilities of paper-based electrochemical sensors: beyond qualitative analysis. Analyst 2019; 144:2467-2479. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02463d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Paper based electrochemical sensors (PESs) are simple, low-cost, portable and disposable analytical sensing platforms that can be applied in clinical diagnostics, food quality control and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfay Gebretsadik
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Belayneh
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Sosina Gebremichael
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Wolfgang Linert
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Vienna University of Technology
- A-1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Madhu Thomas
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
| | - Tarekegn Berhanu
- Department of Industrial Chemistry
- Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
- Addis Ababa
- Ethiopia
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41
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Martucci DH, Todão FR, Shimizu FM, Fukudome TM, Schwarz SDF, Carrilho E, Gobbi AL, Oliveira ON, Lima RS. Auxiliary electrode oxidation for naked-eye electrochemical determinations in microfluidics: Towards on-the-spot applications. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Terzi F, Sdrigotti N, Tubaro F, Bontempelli G. A cotton thread fluidic device with a wall-jet pencil-drawn paper based dual electrode detector. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1040:74-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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43
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44
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Tekenya R, Pokpas K, Jahed N, Iwuoha EI. Enhanced Specificity and Sensitivity for the Determination of Nickel(II) by Square-wave Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry at Disposable Graphene-modified Pencil Graphite Electrodes. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2018.1469139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Tekenya
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
| | - Keagan Pokpas
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
| | - Nazeem Jahed
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
| | - Emmanuel I. Iwuoha
- SensorLab, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Republic of South Africa
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45
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Dias AA, Cardoso TMG, Chagas CLS, Oliveira VXG, Munoz RAA, Henry CS, Santana MHP, Paixão TRLC, Coltro WKT. Detection of Analgesics and Sedation Drugs in Whiskey Using Electrochemical Paper-based Analytical Devices. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson A. Dias
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
| | - Thiago M. G. Cardoso
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
| | - Cyro L. S. Chagas
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo A. A. Munoz
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia, MG 38408-100 Brazil
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins, CO 80523 United States of America
| | - Mário H. P. Santana
- Unidade Técnico-Científica -; Superintendência Regional da Polícia Federal em MG; Uberlândia, MG 38408-6630 Brazil
| | - Thiago R. L. C. Paixão
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; 05508-000 São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Wendell K. T. Coltro
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia, GO 74690-900 Brazil
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46
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Shimizu FM, Pasqualeti AM, Todão FR, de Oliveira JFA, Vieira LCS, Gonçalves SPC, da Silva GH, Cardoso MB, Gobbi AL, Martinez DST, Oliveira ON, Lima RS. Monitoring the Surface Chemistry of Functionalized Nanomaterials with a Microfluidic Electronic Tongue. ACS Sens 2018; 3:716-726. [PMID: 29424231 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Advances in nanomaterials have led to tremendous progress in different areas with the development of high performance and multifunctional platforms. However, a relevant gap remains in providing the mass-production of these nanomaterials with reproducible surfaces. Accordingly, the monitoring of such materials across their entire life cycle becomes mandatory to both industry and academy. In this paper, we use a microfluidic electronic tongue (e-tongue) as a user-friendly and cost-effective method to classify nanomaterials according to their surface chemistry. The chip relies on a new single response e-tongue with association of capacitors in parallel, which consisted of stainless steel microwires coated with SiO2, NiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 thin films. Utilizing impedance spectroscopy and a multidimensional projection technique, the chip was sufficiently sensitive to distinguish silica nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersed in water in spite of the very small surface modifications induced by distinct functionalization and oxidation extents, respectively. Flow analyses were made acquiring the analytical readouts in a label-free mode. The device also allowed for multiplex monitoring in an unprecedented way to speed up the tests. Our goal is not to replace the traditional techniques of surface analysis, but rather propose the use of libraries from e-tongue data as benchmark for routine screening of modified nanomaterials in industry and academy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio M. Shimizu
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-970, Brasil
| | - Anielli M. Pasqualeti
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Fagner R. Todão
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Jessica F. A. de Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Luis C. S. Vieira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Suely P. C. Gonçalves
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Gabriela H. da Silva
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416-000, Brasil
| | - Mateus B. Cardoso
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Angelo L. Gobbi
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Diego S. T. Martinez
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416-000, Brasil
| | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-970, Brasil
| | - Renato S. Lima
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
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47
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Almeida MIG, Jayawardane BM, Kolev SD, McKelvie ID. Developments of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) for water analysis: A review. Talanta 2018; 177:176-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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48
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Dossi N, Petrazzi S, Toniolo R, Tubaro F, Terzi F, Piccin E, Svigelj R, Bontempelli G. Digitally Controlled Procedure for Assembling Fully Drawn Paper-Based Electroanalytical Platforms. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10454-10460. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Petrazzi
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Franco Tubaro
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Fabio Terzi
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 183, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rossella Svigelj
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gino Bontempelli
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
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49
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Natiele Tiago da Silva E, Marques Petroni J, Gabriel Lucca B, Souza Ferreira V. Pencil graphite leads as simple amperometric sensors for microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2733-2740. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Gabriel Lucca
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; São Mateus Brazil
| | - Valdir Souza Ferreira
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Campo Grande Brazil
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50
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Nanthasurasak P, Cabot JM, See HH, Guijt RM, Breadmore MC. Electrophoretic separations on paper: Past, present, and future-A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 985:7-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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