1
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Shah A, Batabyal D, Qiu D, Cui W, Harrahy J, Ivanov AR. Mapping conformational changes on bispecific antigen-binding biotherapeutic by covalent labeling and mass spectrometry. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100966. [PMID: 39263356 PMCID: PMC11388688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.100966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutic's higher order structure (HOS) is a critical determinant of its functional properties and conformational relevance. Here, we evaluated two covalent labeling methods: diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC)-labeling and fast photooxidation of proteins (FPOP), in conjunction with mass spectrometry (MS), to investigate structural modifications for the new class of immuno-oncological therapy known as bispecific antigen-binding biotherapeutics (BABB). The evaluated techniques unveiled subtle structural changes occurring at the amino acid residue level within the antigen-binding domain under both native and thermal stress conditions, which cannot be detected by conventional biophysical techniques, e.g., near-ultraviolet circular dichroism (NUV-CD). The determined variations in labeling uptake under native and stress conditions, corroborated by binding assays, shed light on the binding effect, and highlighted the potential of covalent-labeling methods to effectively monitor conformational changes that ultimately influence the product quality. Our study provides a foundation for implementing the developed techniques in elucidating the inherent structural characteristics of novel therapeutics and their conformational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnik Shah
- Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexander R Ivanov
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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2
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Yu Z, Cao Y, Tian Y, Ji W, Chen KE, Wang Z, Ren J, Xiao H, Zhang L, Liu W, Fan L, Zhang Q, Cao C. Real-time and quantitative protein detection via polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and online intrinsic fluorescence imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1291:342219. [PMID: 38280790 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The detection of intrinsic protein fluorescence is a powerful tool for studying proteins in their native state. Thanks to its label-free and stain-free feature, intrinsic fluorescence detection has been introduced to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), a fundamental and ubiquitous protein analysis technique, to avoid the tedious detection process. However, the reported methods of intrinsic fluorescence detection were incompatible with online PAGE detection or standard slab gel. Here, we fulfilled online intrinsic fluorescence imaging (IFI) of the standard slab gel to develop a PAGE-IFI method for real-time and quantitative protein detection. To do so, we comprehensively investigated the arrangement of the deep-UV light source to obtain a large imaging area compatible with the standard slab gel, and then designed a semi-open gel electrophoresis apparatus (GEA) to scaffold the gel for the online UV irradiation and IFI with low background noise. Thus, we achieved real-time monitoring of the protein migration, which enabled us to determine the optimal endpoint of PAGE run to improve the sensitivity of IFI. Moreover, online IFI circumvented the broadening of protein bands to enhance the separation resolution. Because of the low background noise and the optimized endpoint, we showcased the quantitative detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 20 ng. The standard slab gel provided a high sample loading volume that allowed us to attain a wide linear range of 0.03-10 μg. These results indicate that the PAGE-IFI method can be a promising alternative to conventional PAGE and can be widely used in molecular biology labs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Yu
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yiren Cao
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Youli Tian
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Weicheng Ji
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ke-Er Chen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jicun Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Weiwen Liu
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liuyin Fan
- Student Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Chengxi Cao
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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3
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Gao H, Wang ST, Hu F, Shen BB, Sun MF, Wang H, Li L, Fang WJ. Investigation of an Uncommon Artifact during Reducing Capillary Electrophoresis-Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Analysis of a Monoclonal Antibody with Dynamic Light Scattering and Reversed Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Pharm Res 2022; 39:1959-1968. [PMID: 35701679 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES In reducing capillary electrophoresis sodium dodecyl sulfate (CE-SDS) analysis of a monoclonal antibody (mAb-1), the peak area ratio of heavy chain (HC) to light chain (LC) was out of balance, while multiple artifact peaks were observed following the migration of HC. The main purposes of this study were to describe the techniques utilized to eliminate this artifact and clarify the root cause for this interesting phenomenon. METHODS We optimized the CE-SDS analysis of mAb-1 by a vairety of techniques including changing the concentration of protein or replacing SDS with a more hydrophobic surfactant (i.e., sodium hexadecyl sulfate (SHS) or sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) instead of SDS) in sample and/or the sieving gel buffer. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used to study the protein-surfactant complex. RESULTS The artifact could be partially mitigated by reducing the protein concentration and replacing SDS with SHS or STS in the sample and/or the sieving gel buffer solutions. Due to replacing a more hydrophobic surfactant, the HC-surfactant complex formed was more resistant to dissociation, preventing additional hydrophobic HC-HC interaction and aggregation, thus eliminating the artifact problem. CONCLUSIONS DLS and RP-HPLC are powerful supplementary techniques in characterizing the protein-surfactant complex, and hydrophobic surfactants such as SHS and STS could afford more normal electropherograms during the analysis of mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Si-Tao Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Zhejiang Bioray Biopharmaceutical Co., Taizhou, 317000, China
| | - Bin-Bin Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Min-Fei Sun
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Zhejiang Bioray Biopharmaceutical Co., Taizhou, 317000, China
| | - Lei Li
- Zhejiang Bioray Biopharmaceutical Co., Taizhou, 317000, China
| | - Wei-Jie Fang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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4
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N-Glycosylation of monoclonal antibody therapeutics: A comprehensive review on significance and characterization. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1209:339828. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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5
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Nupur N, Joshi S, Gulliarme D, Rathore AS. Analytical Similarity Assessment of Biosimilars: Global Regulatory Landscape, Recent Studies and Major Advancements in Orthogonal Platforms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:832059. [PMID: 35223794 PMCID: PMC8865741 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.832059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopharmaceuticals are one of the fastest-growing sectors in the biotechnology industry. Within the umbrella of biopharmaceuticals, the biosimilar segment is expanding with currently over 200 approved biosimilars, globally. The key step towards achieving a successful biosimilar approval is to establish analytical and clinical biosimilarity with the innovator. The objective of an analytical biosimilarity study is to demonstrate a highly similar profile with respect to variations in critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the biosimilar product, and these variations must lie within the range set by the innovator. This comprises a detailed comparative structural and functional characterization using appropriate, validated analytical methods to fingerprint the molecule and helps reduce the economic burden towards regulatory requirement of extensive preclinical/clinical similarity data, thus making biotechnological drugs more affordable. In the last decade, biosimilar manufacturing and associated regulations have become more established, leading to numerous approvals. Biosimilarity assessment exercises conducted towards approval are also published more frequently in the public domain. Consequently, some technical advancements in analytical sciences have also percolated to applications in analytical biosimilarity assessment. Keeping this in mind, this review aims at providing a holistic view of progresses in biosimilar analysis and approval. In this review, we have summarized the major developments in the global regulatory landscape with respect to biosimilar approvals and also catalogued biosimilarity assessment studies for recombinant DNA products available in the public domain. We have also covered recent advancements in analytical methods, orthogonal techniques, and platforms for biosimilar characterization, since 2015. The review specifically aims to serve as a comprehensive catalog for published biosimilarity assessment studies with details on analytical platform used and critical quality attributes (CQAs) covered for multiple biotherapeutic products. Through this compilation, the emergent evolution of techniques with respect to each CQA has also been charted and discussed. Lastly, the information resource of published biosimilarity assessment studies, created during literature search is anticipated to serve as a helpful reference for biopharmaceutical scientists and biosimilar developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neh Nupur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Srishti Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Davy Gulliarme
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
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6
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Han M, Smith R, Rock DA. Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry (CE-MS) by Sheath-Flow Nanospray Interface and Its Use in Biopharmaceutical Applications. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2531:15-47. [PMID: 35941476 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2493-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Both capillary electrophoresis (CE) and mass spectrometry (MS) technologies are powerful analytical tools that have been used extensively in the characterization of biologics in the biopharmaceutical industry. The direct coupling of CE with MS is an attractive approach, in that the high separation capability of CE and the ultrasensitive detection and accurate identification performance of MS can be combined to provide a powerful system for the analysis of complex analytes. In this chapter, we discuss the detailed procedure of carrying out CE-MS analysis using a nano sheath-flow interface and its applications including intact mass analysis of monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins, and a biotransformation study of two Fc-FGF21 molecules in a single-dose pharmacokinetic mice study. Optimization processes, including the finetuning of CE conditions and MS parameters, are illustrated in this chapter, with focuses on method robustness and assay reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Richard Smith
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dan A Rock
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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7
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Kumar R, Guttman A, Rathore AS. Applications of capillary electrophoresis for biopharmaceutical product characterization. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:143-166. [PMID: 34591322 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE), after being introduced several decades ago, has carved out a niche for itself in the field of analytical characterization of biopharmaceutical products. It does not only offer fast separation, high resolution in miniaturized format, but equally importantly represents an orthogonal separation mechanism to high-performance liquid chromatography. Therefore, it is not surprising that CE-based methods can be found in all major pharmacopoeias and are recommended for the analysis of biopharmaceutical products during process development, characterization, quality control, and release testing. Different separation formats of CE, such as capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, and capillary zone electrophoresis are widely used for size and charge heterogeneity characterization as well as purity and stability testing of therapeutic proteins. Hyphenation of CE with MS is emerging as a promising bioanalytical tool to assess the primary structure of therapeutic proteins along with any impurities. In this review, we confer the latest developments in capillary electrophoresis, used for the characterization of critical quality attributes of biopharmaceutical products covering the past 6 years (2015-2021). Monoclonal antibodies, due to their significant share in the market, have been given prioritized coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Andras Guttman
- Horváth Csaba Memorial Laboratories of Bioseparation Sciences, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Translational Glycomics Group, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
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8
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Sitasuwan P, Powers TW, Medwid T, Huang Y, Bare B, Lee LA. Enhancing the multi-attribute method through an automated and high-throughput sample preparation. MAbs 2021; 13:1978131. [PMID: 34586946 PMCID: PMC8489909 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1978131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The multi-attribute method (MAM), a recent advance in the application of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry within the pharmaceutical industry, enables the simultaneous monitoring of multiple product quality attributes in a single analytical method. While MAM is coupled with automated data processing and reporting, the sample preparation, based on proteolytic peptide mapping, remains cumbersome and low throughput. The standard sample preparation for MAM relies on protein denaturation, reduction, and alkylation prior to proteolytic digestion, but often a desalting step is required to maintain enzymatic activity. While most of the sample preparation can be automated on a standard robotic liquid handling system, a streamlined approach for protein desalting and temperature modulation is required for a viable, fully automated digestion. In this work, for the first time, a complete tip-based MAM sample preparation is automated on a single robotic liquid handling system, leveraging a deck layout that integrates both heating and cooling functionalities. The fully automated method documented herein achieves a high-throughput sample preparation for MAM, while maintaining superior method performance. Abbreviations: MAM: multi-attribute method; PQAs: product quality attributes; CE: capillary electrophoresis; IEX: ion-exchange chromatography; HILIC-FLR: hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector; RP-LC/UV: reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to a UV detector; MS: mass spectrometry; NPD: new peak detection; GdnHCl: guanidine hydrochloride; TIC: total ion current; pAb: polyclonal antibody; IgG: immunoglobulin G; DTT: dithiothreitol; IAA: iodoacetic acid; TFA: trifluoroacetic acid; A280: absorbance at 280 nm wavelength; 96MPH: 96-channel multi-probe head; CPAC: Cold Plate Air Cooled; HHS: Hamilton Heater Shaker; DWP: Deep-Well Plate; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction; NTR: Nested Tip Rack; Met: methionine; Trp: tryptophan; N-term pQ: N-terminal glutamine cyclization; Lys: lysine; PAM: peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase; G0F: asialo-, agalacto-, bi-antennary, core substituted with fucose; G1F: asialo-, mono-galactosylated bi-antennary, core substituted with fucose; G2F: asialo-, bi-galactosylated bi-antennary, core substituted with fucose; G0: asialo-, agalacto-, bi-antennary; Man5: oligomannose 5; Man8: oligomannose 8; TriF: asialo-, tri-galactosylated tri-antennary, core substituted with fucose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - L Andrew Lee
- Integrated Micro-Chromatography Systems, Inc, Irmo, SC, USA
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9
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Patel VD, Shamsi SA, Sutherland K. Capillary electromigration techniques coupled to mass spectrometry: Applications to food analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2021; 139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Unver Y, Sensoy Gun B, Acar M, Yildiz S. Heterologous expression of azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:723-730. [PMID: 33346686 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1855444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Azurin, which is a bacterial secondary metabolite has been attracted as a potential anticancer agent in recent years because induced death of cancer cells and inhibited their growth. In this study, the production of azurin under the control of the alcohol oxidase promoter which is frequently used in the Pichia pastoris expression system was performed. The azurin gene amplified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa genomic DNA and inserted into the pPICZαA was cloned in Escherichia coli cells. Then, a linearized recombinant vector was transferred to the P. pastoris X-33 cells. Antibiotic resistance test and colony PCR were performed for the selection of multicopy transformants. Protein expression capacities of selected transformants were compared at the end of 48 h incubation. Both extracellular and intracellular protein expressions were observed in all of them by Western blot analysis. The relative expression levels of both intracellular and extracellular protein that belongs to the first clone were higher than the others. On the other hand, it was seen that the 4th clone had the highest protein secretion ability. The molecular mass of the extracellular azurin protein which is produced by recombinant clones was found to be about 20 kDa. This is the first report on azurin expression in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Unver
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Busra Sensoy Gun
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melek Acar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seyda Yildiz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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11
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Simultaneous Monitoring and Comparison of Multiple Product Quality Attributes for Cell Culture Processes at Different Scales Using a LC/MS/MS Based Multi-Attribute Method. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3319-3329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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12
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Shen BB, Zhang Z, Yuan JJ, Zheng A, Zeng S, Gao JQ, Bao W, Barnard J, Wang H, Fang WJ. Formation of an Unprecedented Impurity during CE-SDS Analysis of a Recombinant Protein. Pharm Res 2020; 37:228. [PMID: 33098017 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02947-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES The main purposes of this article are to describe an unprecedented phenomenon in which significant amount of a shoulder peak impurity was observed during normal non-reducing capillary electrophoresis-sodium dodecyl sulfate (CE-SDS) analysis of a recombinant fusion protein X, and to evaluate the root cause for this phenomenon. METHODS A series of experiments were conducted to study the nature of this degradation. Effects of iodoacetamide (IAM), heating temperature, duration, and SDS on the formation of this specific impurity were evaluated using a variety of characterization techniques. RESULTS The formation of the impurity as observed in CE-SDS was actually due to alkylation of lysine and serine residues with IAM, as confirmed by peptide mapping and LC-MS/MS, which increased the molecular weight and therefore decreased the electrophoretic mobility. The amount of impurity was also strongly dependent on sample preparation conditions including the presence or absence of SDS. CONCLUSIONS Our study clearly suggested that even though IAM has been used extensively as an alkylation reagent in the traditional non-reducing CE-SDS analysis of monoclonal antibodies and other proteins, alkylation with IAM could potentially lead to additional impurity peak, and therefore complicating analysis. Therefore, before performing CE-SDS and other analyses, the effects of sample preparation procedures on analytical results must be evaluated. For protein X, IAM should be excluded for CE-SDS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jun-Jie Yuan
- Zhejiang Hisun Bioray Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian-Qing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenhan Bao
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - James Barnard
- Drug Product Development, Biological, Allergan, Irvine, California, 92612, USA
| | - Haibin Wang
- Zhejiang Hisun Bioray Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Wei-Jie Fang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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13
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Elbashir AA, Elgorashe REE, Alnajjar AO, Aboul-Enein HY. Application of Capillary Electrophoresis with Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection (CE-C 4D): 2017-2020. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:535-543. [PMID: 32835492 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1809340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) has emerged as influential to detect analytes that do not have chromogenic or fluorogenic functional group. Since our last review several new capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods coupled with (CE-C4D) have been communicated. The aim of this review is to give an update of the almost all the new applications of CE-C4D in the field of pharmaceutical, food and biomedical analysis covering the period from 2017 to April 2020. The utilization of CE with C4D in the areas of pharmaceutical, food and biomedical analysis is presented. Finally, concluding remarks and outlooks are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Ahmed Elbashir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed O Alnajjar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Harnessing the power of electrophoresis and chromatography: Offline coupling of reverse phase liquid chromatography-capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry for peptide mapping for monoclonal antibodies. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1620:460954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Temporini C, Colombo R, Calleri E, Tengattini S, Rinaldi F, Massolini G. Chromatographic tools for plant-derived recombinant antibodies purification and characterization. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 179:112920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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16
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Analytical challenges and advancements in bioanalysis of therapeutic proteins. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:207-209. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Le Basle Y, Chennell P, Tokhadze N, Astier A, Sautou V. Physicochemical Stability of Monoclonal Antibodies: A Review. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:169-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Römer J, Montealegre C, Schlecht J, Kiessig S, Moritz B, Neusüß C. Online mass spectrometry of CE (SDS)-separated proteins by two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7197-7206. [PMID: 31616969 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is the fundamental technique for protein separation by size. Applying this technology in capillary format, gaining high separation efficiency in a more automated way, is a key technology for size separation of proteins in the biopharmaceutical industry. However, unequivocal identification by online mass spectrometry (MS) is impossible so far, due to strong interference in the electrospray process by SDS and other components of the SDS-MW separation gel buffer. Here, a heart-cut two-dimensional electrophoretic separation system applying an electrically isolated valve with an internal loop of 20 nL is presented. The peak of interest in the CE (SDS) separation is transferred to the CZE-MS, where electrospray-interfering substances of the SDS-MW gel are separated prior to online electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. An online SDS removal strategy for decomplexing the protein-SDS complex is implemented in the second dimension, consisting of the co-injection of organic solvent and cationic surfactant. This online CE (SDS)-CZE-MS system allows MS characterization of proteoforms separated in generic CE (SDS), gaining additional separation in the CZE and detailed MS information. In general, the system can be applied to all kinds of proteins separated by CE (SDS). Here, we present results of the CE (SDS)-CZE-MS system on the analysis of several biopharmaceutically relevant antibody impurities and fragments. Additionally, the versatile application spectrum of the system is demonstrated by the analysis of extracted proteins from soybean flour. The online hyphenation of CE (SDS) resolving power and MS identification capabilities will be a powerful tool for protein and mAb characterization. Graphical abstract Two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis system hyphenated with mass spectrometry for the characterization of CE (SDS)-separated proteins. As first dimension, a generic and high MS-interfering CE (SDS) separation is performed for size separation. After heart-cut transfer of the unknown CE (SDS) protein peak, via a four-port nanoliter valve to a volatile electrolyte system as second dimension, interference-free mass spectrometric data of separated mAb fragments and soybean proteins are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Römer
- Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430, Aalen, Germany
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Montealegre
- Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430, Aalen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schlecht
- Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430, Aalen, Germany
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstraße 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Kiessig
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstraße 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Moritz
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstraße 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Neusüß
- Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430, Aalen, Germany.
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19
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Seo Y, Oh MJ, Park JY, Ko JK, Kim JY, An HJ. Comprehensive Characterization of Biotherapeutics by Selective Capturing of Highly Acidic Glycans Using Stepwise PGC-SPE and LC/MS/MS. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6064-6071. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngsuk Seo
- Asia
Glycomics
Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Oh
- Asia
Glycomics
Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Asia
Glycomics
Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jae Kyoung Ko
- Asia
Glycomics
Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Mass Spectrometry, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- Asia
Glycomics
Reference Site, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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20
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Camperi J, De Cock B, Pichon V, Combes A, Guibourdenche J, Fournier T, Vander Heyden Y, Mangelings D, Delaunay N. First characterizations by capillary electrophoresis of human Chorionic Gonadotropin at the intact level. Talanta 2019; 193:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Rathore D, Faustino A, Schiel J, Pang E, Boyne M, Rogstad S. The role of mass spectrometry in the characterization of biologic protein products. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:431-449. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1469982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Rathore
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Anneliese Faustino
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - John Schiel
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Eric Pang
- Office of Lifecycle Drug Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Michael Boyne
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- COUR Pharmaceuticals Development Company, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Rogstad
- Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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22
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Szigeti M, Chapman J, Borza B, Guttman A. Quantitative assessment of mAb Fc glycosylation of CQA importance by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2340-2343. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marton Szigeti
- Horváth Csaba Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- Translational Glycomics Research Group, Research Institute for Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering; University of Pannonia; Veszprem Hungary
| | | | - Beata Borza
- Horváth Csaba Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Andras Guttman
- Horváth Csaba Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- SCIEX; Brea CA USA
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23
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Chung S, Tian J, Tan Z, Chen J, Lee J, Borys M, Li ZJ. Industrial bioprocessing perspectives on managing therapeutic protein charge variant profiles. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Northeastern University; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Jun Tian
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Zhijun Tan
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Jie Chen
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Jongchan Lee
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Michael Borys
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Zheng Jian Li
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
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24
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Beckman J, Song Y, Gu Y, Voronov S, Chennamsetty N, Krystek S, Mussa N, Li ZJ. Purity Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis Sodium Hexadecyl Sulfate (CE-SHS): A Novel Application For Therapeutic Protein Characterization. Anal Chem 2018; 90:2542-2547. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Beckman
- Biologics
Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, United States
| | - Yuanli Song
- Biologics
Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, United States
| | - Yan Gu
- Biologics
Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, United States
| | - Sergey Voronov
- Biologics
Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, United States
| | - Naresh Chennamsetty
- Biophysical
Characterization Group, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 311 Pennington
Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Stanley Krystek
- Drug
Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 and
Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Nesredin Mussa
- Biologics
Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, United States
| | - Zheng Jian Li
- Biologics
Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, United States
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25
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Zhang W, He M, Yuan T, Xu W. A two-step method for rapid characterization of electroosmotic flows in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:3130-3135. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Muyi He
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Tao Yuan
- College of Information Science; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
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26
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Jansson ET. Strategies for analysis of isomeric peptides. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:385-397. [PMID: 28922569 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review presents an overview and recent progress of strategies for detecting isomerism in peptides, with focus on d/l epimerization and the various isomers that the presence of an aspartic acid residue may yield in a protein or peptide. While mass spectrometry has become a majorly used method of choice within proteomics, isomerism is inherently difficult to analyze because it is a modification that does not yield any change in mass of the analyte. Here, several techniques used for analysis of peptide isomerism are discussed, including enzymatic assays, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. Recent progress in method development using mass spectrometry is also discussed, including labeling strategies, fragmentation techniques, and ion-mobility spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik T Jansson
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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27
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Liu Y, Wang W, Jia M, Liu R, Liu Q, Xiao H, Li J, Xue Y, Wang Y, Yan C. Recent advances in microscale separation. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:8-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Jia
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Rangdong Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Unimicro (shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd.; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
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28
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Wang X, An Z, Luo W, Xia N, Zhao Q. Molecular and functional analysis of monoclonal antibodies in support of biologics development. Protein Cell 2017; 9:74-85. [PMID: 28733914 PMCID: PMC5777976 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-017-0447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapeutics are playing an increasingly important role in the treatment or prevention of many important diseases such as cancers, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Multi-domain mAbs are far more complex than small molecule drugs with intrinsic heterogeneities. The critical quality attributes of a given mAb, including structure, post-translational modifications, and functions at biomolecular and cellular levels, need to be defined and profiled in details during the developmental phases of a biologics. These critical quality attributes, outlined in this review, serve an important database for defining the drug properties during commercial production phase as well as post licensure life cycle management. Specially, the molecular characterization, functional assessment, and effector function analysis of mAbs, are reviewed with respect to the critical parameters and the methods used for obtaining them. The three groups of analytical methods are three essential and integral facets making up the whole analytical package for a mAb-based drug. Such a package is critically important for the licensure and the post-licensure life cycle management of a therapeutic or prophylactic biologics. In addition, the basic principles on the evaluation of biosimilar mAbs were discussed briefly based on the recommendations by the World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Wenxin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China.,School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China.,School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China.
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29
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Dawod M, Arvin NE, Kennedy RT. Recent advances in protein analysis by capillary and microchip electrophoresis. Analyst 2017; 142:1847-1866. [PMID: 28470231 PMCID: PMC5516626 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00198c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This review article describes the significant recent advances in the analysis of proteins by capillary and microchip electrophoresis during the period from mid-2014 to early 2017. This review highlights the progressions, new methodologies, innovative instrumental modifications, and challenges for efficient protein analysis in human specimens, animal tissues, and plant samples. The protein analysis fields covered in this review include analysis of native, reduced, and denatured proteins in addition to Western blotting, protein therapeutics and proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Dawod
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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30
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Faserl K, Sarg B, Maurer V, Lindner HH. Exploiting charge differences for the analysis of challenging post-translational modifications by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1498:215-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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31
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Sánchez-Hernández L, Montealegre C, Kiessig S, Moritz B, Neusüß C. In-capillary approach to eliminate SDS interferences in antibody analysis by capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1044-1052. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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32
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Espinosa-de la Garza CE, Salazar-Flores RD, Pérez NO, Flores-Ortiz LF, Medina-Rivero E. Capillary Electrophoresis Separation of Monoclonal Antibody Isoforms Using a Neutral Capillary. J Vis Exp 2017:55082. [PMID: 28117815 PMCID: PMC5352263 DOI: 10.3791/55082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutic proteins, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), are feasible alternatives for the treatment of chronic-degenerative diseases. The biological activity of these proteins depends on their physicochemical properties. The use of high-performance techniques like chromatography and capillary electrophoresis has been described for the analysis of physicochemical heterogeneity of mAbs. Nowadays, capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) technique constitutes one of the most resolutive and sensitive assays for the analysis of biomolecules. Besides, the electro-driven separation in CZE is governed by extensive properties of matter and offers the advantage of analyzing proteins close to their native state. However, the successful implementation of this technique for routine analysis depends on the skills of the analyst at the critical steps during sample and system preparation. The purpose of this tutorial is to detail the steps to succeed in the CZE analysis of mAbs. Further, this protocol can be used for the development and improvement of skills of the personnel involved in protein analytical chemistry laboratories.
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33
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Tengattini S, Domínguez-Vega E, Temporini C, Terreni M, Somsen GW. Monitoring antigenic protein integrity during glycoconjugate vaccine synthesis using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6123-32. [PMID: 27372716 PMCID: PMC4981626 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) method was developed for the characterization and integrity assessment of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens TB10.4 and Ag85B and their chemically produced glycoconjugates, which are glycovaccine candidates against tuberculosis (TB). In order to prevent protein adsorption to the inner capillary wall and to achieve efficient separation of the antigen proteoforms, a polyionic multilayer coating of polybrene-dextran sulfate-polybrene (PB-DS-PB) was used in combination with 1.5 M acetic acid as background electrolyte (BGE). Coupling of CE to high-resolution time-of-flight MS was achieved by a coaxial interface employing a sheath liquid of isopropanol-water (50:50, v/v) containing 0.1 % formic acid. The MTB antigens were exposed to experimental conditions used for chemical glycosylation (but no activated saccharide was added) in order to investigate their stability during glycovaccine production. CE-MS analysis revealed the presence of several closely related degradation products, including truncated, oxidized and conformational variants, which were assigned by accurate mass. Analysis of synthesized mannose conjugates of TB10.4 and Ag85B allowed the determination of the glycoform composition of the neo-glycoproteins next to the characterization of degradation products which were shown to be partly glycoconjugated. Moreover, the selectivity of CE-MS allowed specific detection of deamidated species (protein mass change of 1.0 Da only), indicating that chemical glycosylation increased susceptibility to deamidation. Overall, the results show that CE-MS represents a useful analytical tool for the detailed characterization and optimization of neo-glycoconjugate products. Graphical Abstract Flowchart illustrating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigen glycosylation, glycoconjugate variant and degradation product separation by capillary electrophoresis (CE) and their characterization by intact mass spectrometry (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tengattini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Domínguez-Vega
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Caterina Temporini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Terreni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Govert W Somsen
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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Morbioli GG, Mazzu-Nascimento T, Aquino A, Cervantes C, Carrilho E. Recombinant drugs-on-a-chip: The usage of capillary electrophoresis and trends in miniaturized systems – A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 935:44-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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35
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Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Recent applications of capillary electromigration methods to separation and analysis of proteins. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 933:23-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Cutting-edge capillary electrophoresis characterization of monoclonal antibodies and related products. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1032:61-78. [PMID: 27265157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Out of all categories, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), biosimilar, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and Fc-fusion proteins attract the most interest due to their strong therapeutic potency and specificity. Because of their intrinsic complexity due to a large number of micro-heterogeneities, there is a crucial need of analytical methods to provide comprehensive in-depth characterization of these molecules. CE presents some obvious benefits as high resolution separation and miniaturized format to be widely applied to the analysis of biopharmaceuticals. CE is an effective method for the separation of proteins at different levels. capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) have been particularly relevant for the characterization of size and charge variants of intact and reduced mAbs, while CE-MS appears to be a promising analytical tool to assess the primary structure of mAbs and related products. This review will be dedicated to detail the current and state-of-the-art CE-based methods for the characterization of mAbs and related products.
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37
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Zhao YY, Wang N, Liu WH, Tao WJ, Liu LL, Shen ZD. Charge Variants of an Avastin Biosimilar Isolation, Characterization, In Vitro Properties and Pharmacokinetics in Rat. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151874. [PMID: 26987122 PMCID: PMC4795741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The similarity between a proposed biosimilar product and the reference product can be affected by many factors. This study is designed to examine whether any subtle difference in the distribution of the charge variants of an Avastin biosimilar can affect its in vitro potency and in vivo PK. Here, the acidic, basic and main peak fractions of a biosimilar product were isolated using high-performance cation-exchange chromatography and were subjected to various studies to compare their in vitro properties and in vivo PK profile. A serial of analytical methods, including size exclusion chromatography (SEC), imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (icIEF) capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and cation-exchange chromatography (CEX-HPLC) were also used to characterize the isolated charge variants. The kinetics constant was measured using a Biacore X100 system. The study indicates the biosimilar product has a high similarity with avastin in physicochemical properties. The potency in vitro and PK profile in rat of charge variants and biosimilar product are consistent with avastin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharma Group Ltd., Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Hui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharma Group Ltd., Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Wen-Jie Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharma Group Ltd., Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharma Group Ltd., Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Duo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Luye Pharma Group Ltd., Yantai, 264005, P.R. China
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38
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Peró-Gascón R, Pont L, Benavente F, Barbosa J, Sanz-Nebot V. Analysis of serum transthyretin by on-line immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry using magnetic beads. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1220-31. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Peró-Gascón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Laura Pont
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Fernando Benavente
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - José Barbosa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Victoria Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
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39
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Zhao Y, Sun L, Knierman MD, Dovichi NJ. Fast separation and analysis of reduced monoclonal antibodies with capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry. Talanta 2016; 148:529-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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40
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Han M, Rock BM, Pearson JT, Rock DA. Intact mass analysis of monoclonal antibodies by capillary electrophoresis—Mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1011:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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41
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Influence of the ionic strength of acidic background electrolytes on the separation of proteins by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1432:145-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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42
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Barciszewska M, Sucha A, Bałabańska S, Chmielewski MK. Gel electrophoresis in a polyvinylalcohol coated fused silica capillary for purity assessment of modified and secondary-structured oligo- and polyribonucleotides. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19437. [PMID: 26777121 PMCID: PMC4726012 DOI: 10.1038/srep19437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of a polyvinylalcohol-coated (PVA-coated) capillary in capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) enables the selective separation of oligoribonucleotides and their modifications at high resolution. Quality assessment of shorter oligomers of small interfering RNA (siRNA) is of key importance for ribonucleic acid (RNA) technology which is increasingly being applied in medical applications. CGE is a technique of choice for calculation of chemically synthesized RNAs and their modifications which are frequently obtained as a mixture including shorter oligoribonucleotides. The use of CGE with a PVA-coated capillary to analyze siRNA mixtures presents an alternative to conventionally employed techniques. Here, we present study on identification of the length and purity of RNA mixture ingredients by using PVA-coated capillaries. Also, we demonstrate the use of PVA-coated capillaries to identify and separate phosphorylated siRNAs and secondary structures (e.g. siRNA duplexes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Barciszewska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sucha
- Poznan Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, Rubież 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland
- FutureSynthesis sp. z o.o. ul, Rubież 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sandra Bałabańska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin K. Chmielewski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
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43
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Le Potier I, Boutonnet A, Ecochard V, Couderc F. Chemical and Instrumental Approaches for Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)-Fluorescence Analysis of Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1466:1-10. [PMID: 27473477 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-4014-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to fluorescence detection is an invaluable technique for the quantitative analysis of proteins of interest in the field of clinical diagnosis and quality control of novel biotechnology products. The various chemical and instrumental approaches that have been reported to carry out such sensitive analysis are described in this paper. To illustrate the contribution of CE to the analysis of therapeutic proteins, a detailed protocol for impurities profiling of a recombinant antibody sample using CE-LEDIF is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Le Potier
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR8612, Protein and Nanotechnology in Analytical Science (PNAS), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue Jean Baptiste Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, 92290, France
| | - Audrey Boutonnet
- Picometrics Technologies, 478 rue de la Découverte, Labège, 31670, France
| | - Vincent Ecochard
- IPBS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 205 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - François Couderc
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France.
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44
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De Jong CAG, Risley J, Lee AK, Zhao SS, Chen DDY. Separation of Recombinant Therapeutic Proteins Using Capillary Gel Electrophoresis and Capillary Isoelectric Focusing. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1466:137-149. [PMID: 27473487 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-4014-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Detailed step-by-step methods for protein separation techniques based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) are described in this chapter. Focus is placed on two techniques, capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) and capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF). CGE is essentially gel electrophoresis, performed in a capillary, where a hydrogel is used as a sieving matrix to separate proteins or peptides based on size. cIEF separates proteins or peptides based on their isoelectric point (pI), the pH at which the protein or peptide bears no charges. Detailed protocols and steps (including capillary preparation, sample preparation, CE separation conditions, and detection) for both CGE and cIEF presented so that readers can follow the described methods in their own labs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn A G De Jong
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Jessica Risley
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Alexis K Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Shuai Sherry Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - David D Y Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z1.
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45
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KUBOTA K, KOBAYASHI N, YABUTA M, OHARA M, NAITO T, KUBO T, OTSUKA K. Validation of Capillary Zone Electrophoretic Method for Evaluating Monoclonal Antibodies and Antibody-Drug Conjugates. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2016. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2016.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei KUBOTA
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
- Analytical and Quality Evaluation Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd
| | - Naoki KOBAYASHI
- Analytical and Quality Evaluation Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd
| | - Masayuki YABUTA
- Biologics Technology Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd
| | - Motomu OHARA
- Analytical and Quality Evaluation Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd
| | | | - Takuya KUBO
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Koji OTSUKA
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
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46
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Fekete S, Guillarme D, Sandra P, Sandra K. Chromatographic, Electrophoretic, and Mass Spectrometric Methods for the Analytical Characterization of Protein Biopharmaceuticals. Anal Chem 2015; 88:480-507. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Fekete
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Boulevard d’Yvoy 20, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Boulevard d’Yvoy 20, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Pat Sandra
- Research Institute for Chromatography (RIC), President Kennedypark 26, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Koen Sandra
- Research Institute for Chromatography (RIC), President Kennedypark 26, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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47
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Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2013-middle 2015). Electrophoresis 2015; 37:162-88. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
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48
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Zhang L, Luo S, Zhang B. Glycan analysis of therapeutic glycoproteins. MAbs 2015; 8:205-15. [PMID: 26599345 PMCID: PMC4966609 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1117719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are glycoproteins produced by living cell systems. The glycan moieties attached to the proteins can directly affect protein stability, bioactivity, and immunogenicity. Therefore, glycan variants of a glycoprotein product must be adequately analyzed and controlled to ensure product quality. However, the inherent complexity of protein glycosylation poses a daunting analytical challenge. This review provides an update of recent advances in glycan analysis, including the potential utility of lectin-based microarray for high throughput glycan profiling. Emphasis is placed on comparison of the major types of analytics for use in determining unique glycan features such as glycosylation site, glycan structure, and content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Shen Luo
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Baolin Zhang
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
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49
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Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Recent developments and applications of capillary and microchip electrophoresis in proteomic and peptidomic analyses. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:198-211. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sille Štěpánová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
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50
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Acunha T, Ibáñez C, García-Cañas V, Simó C, Cifuentes A. Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:111-41. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanize Acunha
- Laboratory of Foodomics; CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
- CAPES Foundation; Ministry of Education of Brazil; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Clara Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics; CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
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